Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Influence Of Frailty On The Outcome Of Surgical Patients Over 70 Years Old With Admission Criteria In The Icu At Shebin El-Kom Teaching Hospital, Talal Ibrahim Mostafa Hagag Dr, Shimaa Mohamed Kalama

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: In older adults, frailty is a complex condition marked by diminished functional reserves and heightened susceptibility to stressors. It is a more accurate predictor of unfavorable postoperative outcomes in the context of surgical operations than a patient's age or preexisting medical problems. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of frailty, as assessed by the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) and the 5-item Modified Frailty Index (MFI-5), on important clinical outcomes, including length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), hospitalization mortality, and the chance of readmission within 30 days, in older adults undergoing major abdominal surgeries. Methods: …

Ct Chest Findings And Laboratory Investigations Of Covid 19 Patients And Their Relation To The Clinical Outcome, Zeinab Moustafa Moustafa Metwalli, Mohammed Emadeldeen, Heba Abdelaziz, Nagwa M. Salah

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

For both the initial evaluation and follow-up in suspected COVID-19 cases, chest CT is strongly recommended. Additionally, the disease and its severity might be suspected using basic laboratory investigations. Better clinical results and appropriate management may result from all of this. Aim to evaluate the relation between the clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients, laboratory data, and the severity of CT chest findings. Methods 90 individuals who were referred to the radiodiagnosis department from the National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute's Internal Medicine Department after PCR confirmed that they had COVID-19 were included in this retrospective study. Each patient was …

Outcomes Of Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy (Etv) In Hydrocephalus Secondary To Aqueductal Stenosis After Age Of Anterior Fontanel Closure, Mohammad Abdulsalam Soliman, Eslam Abozeid Kandil, Mahmoud Moustafa Taha, Hassan Ahmed Abaza

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Non-communicated hydrocephalus secondary to aqueductal stenosis is common, for which endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) has emerged as an effective surgical management. Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of ETV in patients with obstructive hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis in patients over 2 years of age. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at our institution and included 57 patients older than 2 years who underwent ETV between 2017 and 2024. Demographic data, clinical presentation, and follow-up outcomes were analysed. ETV was considered successful if the patient remained shunt-free during the follow-up period. Results: The mean age was 22.8 ± 10.5 …

Investigating The Prevalence Of Astigmatism In Patients With Intermittent Exotropia In Egyptian Children, Zeinab A Saad, Ghada Samir, Osama M. Abdelhay, Mohamed Gaber Abdallah

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Uncorrected refraction is the major cause of visual morbidity among children and can result in the development of strabismus. Although several studies have investigated the risk factors for intermittent exotropia, uncorrected astigmatism, which is critical for prevention and treatment, has not been well estimated. Objectives: To evaluate the association between uncorrected astigmatism and intermittent exotropia in children. Methods: This retrospective, analytical, cross-sectional, population-based study included 90 children with intermittent exotropia X(T) who were followed up for two years; the children were aged from 6 to 12 years old. Patients were retrospectively reviewed to determine the prevalence of astigmatism and amblyopia …

Breast Cancer Therapy Induced Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: A Single Institute Experience, Doaa M Elsayed, Safa Ahmed Balata, Mohamed Elsayed Saleh

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background It is well-known that chemotherapy medicines can cause cardiomyopathy and left ventricular dysfunction as adverse effects. There is scant evidence concerning the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs on the integrity & functionality of the right ventricle (RV). Aim To study the impact of cardiotoxic systemic therapy on right ventricular function in nonmetastatic breast cancer cases, particularly evaluating the efficacy of modern echocardiographic procedures for the early recognition of RV cardiomyopathy. Patient and Method A total of 104 women diagnosed with breast cancer participated in this prospective trial. Two therapy groups were established for the cases: 42 patients received anthracycline therapy, …

Exploring The Relationship Between Phonological Awareness And Adhd Symptoms In School-Aged Children, Nihal Hisham Abdelhamid, Mona Abdel-Fattah Hegazi, Dina Ahmed Elsayed Elrefaie

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is one of the neurodevelopmental disorders which characterized by: inattention and impulsivity as well as apparent deficits in executive functioning and impulse control. Auditory-linguistic areas and primary reading skills as early literacy skills were found to be lower than normal in ADHD. Other researches considered that the reading difficulties are in the areas of fluency, comprehension, and sustained attention during reading tasks. The aim of the study is to evaluate the phonological awareness abilities skills in children with attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD), being contributors for early reading acquisition. Phonological awareness (PA) is the precise recognition …

Perioperative Dexmedetomidine Improve Outcomes After Cabg Surgery., Reham Salah, Ismail Rafik Barada, Mazen Isam Eldein Ali

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Dexmedetomidine, is used in cardiac surgeries for its sedation, anxiolysis, and analgesic properties, with minimal respiratory depression. It may improve clinical outcomes in CABG surgery by reducing inflammatory responses, providing neuroprotection, and enhancing hemodynamic stability. Aim To assess the efficacy and safety of perioperative dexmedetomidine in improving clinical outcomes in CABG surgery. Methods This prospective, randomized controlled trial involved 160 patients undergoing elective on-pump CABG surgery. Participants were divided into two groups: 80 received dexmedetomidine, and 80 received a placebo. Key outcomes measured included the incidence of postoperative complications, duration of mechanical ventilation, and ICU stay. Results The dexmedetomidine …

Pediatric Cardiac Surgery After Pulmonary Arterial Interventions: Short-Term Outcomes, Rania Abushokka, Hanan Mohammed Hassan, Rasha Hosni, Amal Younan, Ahmed Algebaly

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Congenital cardiac interventions are progressing at a rapid pace. In the last few years, techniques such as stent placement for pulmonary artery stenosis, right ventricle outflow tract and ductal stenting showed great advances. Surgery over stents are increasing in complexity. Left pulmonary artery and right ventricle outflow tract sites account for more than half of stent handling. Percutaneous devices are not an ‘‘enemy’’ for the surgeon, but a tool for continuing the development of our surgical strategies. In this study, we describe the short-term outcome of patients who underwent surgical repair after pulmonary interventions for congenital heart diseases at …

Frequency Of Autoimmune Primary Adrenal Insufficiency In Children And Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Randa Mohamed Darwish, Ayat Ibrahim Ghanem, Lamis Safwat Mubarak

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic endocrine disorder of autoimmune origin with a predisposition to the development of further autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease). Although uncommon and frequently underdiagnosed, it can coexist with T1DM, causing life-threatening complications if undiagnosed. Aim To assess the frequency of autoimmune adrenal insufficiency in children with T1DM and its association with other autoimmune diseases. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 110 children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. All participants underwent a full clinical evaluation and laboratory testing, including serum cortisol, …

Evaluating The Efficacy Of Conventional Crystalloid Cardioplegia Versus Modified Del Nido Cardioplegia In Patients With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease For Cabg Surgery, Reham Salah, Ismail Rafik Barada, Mazen Isam Eldein Ali

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Cardioplegia is crucial in cardiac surgery for myocardial protection. Modified del Nido cardioplegia, initially used in paediatric patients, is now employed in adult cardiac surgeries for its prolonged protection with a single dose. Aim: To compare the efficacy of conventional crystalloid cardioplegia and modified del Nido cardioplegia in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) for multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: A randomized controlled trial included 94 adult patients undergoing elective CABG. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either conventional crystalloid cardioplegia or modified Del Nido cardioplegia. Data collected included CPB and cross-clamp times, cardioplegia volume, postoperative …

Effectiveness Of Myoinositol Versus Metformin As Adjuvant Treatment On Infertile Pcos Women Undergoing Ovulation Induction Cycles Prospective Cohort Study, Ahmed M. Salman, Fatma M. Sayed, Hesham Mohammed Hamad

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background In anovulatory infertility Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) plays a leading role, characterized by endocrine and metabolic disturbances. While metformin is usually used to decrease insulin resistance and restore ovulation, myoinositol has emerged as a promising alternative with fewer side effects. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of metformin and myoinositol as adjuvant treatments in infertile women with PCOS in ovulation induction cycles. Patient and methods This prospective cohort study included 192 women diagnosed with PCOS-related infertility, divided into two groups (n = 96 each) receiving either metformin or myoinositol for 3 months prior to ovulation induction. …

Glycolic Acid (Ga) Peel Versus Dermapen In Management Of Acne Scars Among Egyptian Patients: A Comparative Study, Rania Emam Elbanna

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Aim of the work: To assess and contrast dermapen, glycolic acid (GA) peel, and a combination of the two therapys' safety and effectiveness in treating acne scars. Cases and methods: Thirty cases with acne scars participated in this trial. Ten cases each were divided into three cohorts at random; cohort I had dermapen therapy, whereas cohort II received glycolic peel therapy. Both procedures were administered to Cohort III. Six sessions were given to each case at intervals of two weeks. The quartile grading scale, the degree of case satisfaction, and the qualitative global scar grading system before and after therapy …

Staff Education To Enhance Provider Knowledge On Lifestyle Modification For Hypertension Management, Chinyere Maria Assumpta Ofoegbu

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Summary A doctor of nursing practice (DNP) staff education project was designed to enhance healthcare providers' knowledge of lifestyle interventions for hypertension management. At the practice site, primary healthcare providers were not regularly integrating lifestyle counseling. The practice-focused question guiding this project was: In primary care providers, how does implementing an evidence-based lifestyle education training program for hypertension management affect provider knowledge? An in-person educational session was provided to ten (10) healthcare practitioners who voluntarily participated. Pre- and post-training knowledge assessments was the analytical techniques employed to examine changes in provider comprehension of lifestyle-based hypertension care. Descriptive statistics and paired-sample …

Clinical And Dosimetric Dataset Of Time-To-Event Normal Tissue Complication Probability For Osteoradionecrosis, Natalie A West, Serageldin Kamel, Andrew Wentzel, Zaphanlene Kaffey, Moamen Abdelaal, G Elisabeta Marai, Guadalupe Canahuate, Xinhua Zhang, Melissa M Chen, Kareem A Wahid, Jillian Rigert, Kristy K Brock, Mark Chambers, Adegbenga O Otun, Ruth Aponte-Wesson, Renjie He, Mohamed A Naser, Katherine A Hutcheson, Abdallah S R Mohamed, Lisanne V Van Dijk, Amy C Moreno, Stephen Y Lai, Clifton D Fuller, Laia Humbert-Vidan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Osteoradionecrosis of the jaw (ORNJ) is a radiation-induced late toxicity that can dramatically decrease patients' quality of life. Recent increases in survival rates of head and neck cancers associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection have resulted in a higher frequency of radiation-induced toxicities, particularly ORNJ. Recent work with Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP) models and a Weibull Accelerated Failure Time (WAFT) model have further developed our understanding of ORNJ clinical/dosimetric risk factors and longitudinal features, respectively. In this data descriptor, 1129 head and neck cancer (HNC) patients received curative intent radiotherapy (RT) at MD Anderson Cancer Center and were followed …

An Integrated Single-Cell And Spatial Transcriptomic Atlas Of Thyroid Cancer Progression Identifies Prognostic Fibroblast Subpopulations, Matthew A Loberg, George J Xu, Sheau-Chiann Chen, Hua-Chang Chen, Claudia C Wahoski, Kailey P Caroland, Megan L Tigue, Heather A Hartmann, Jean-Nicolas Gallant, Courtney J Phifer, Andres A Ocampo, Dayle K Wang, Reilly G Fankhauser, Kirti A Karunakaran, Chia-Chin Wu, Maxime Tarabichi, Sophia M Shaddy, James L Netterville, Sarah L Rohde, Carmen C Solórzano, Lindsay A Bischoff, Naira Baregamian, Barbara A Murphy, Jennifer H Choe, Jennifer R Wang, Eric C Huang, Quanhu Sheng, Luciane T Kagohara, Elizabeth M Jaffee, Ryan H Belcher, Ken S Lau, Fei Ye, Ethan Lee, Vivian L Weiss

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Although well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC) is characterized by a robust treatment response, aggressive subtypes, such as anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), remain highly lethal. To understand thyroid cancer evolution in both children and adults, we analyzed single-cell transcriptomes of 423,733 cells from 81 samples and spatially resolved key tumor and microenvironment populations across 28 tumors with spatial transcriptomics, including rare and unique composite WDTC/ATC tumors and pediatric diffuse sclerosing thyroid carcinomas. Additionally, we identified gene signatures of stromal cell populations in 5 large thyroid cancer bulk RNA-sequencing cohorts. Through this multi-institutional effort, we defined a population of POSTN+ myofibroblast cancer-associated fibroblasts …

The Yeh Pilus Adhesin Is Equipped With An Α-Helical Flap Motif, Which Contributes To Pectin Adherence, Kevin O Tamadonfar, Roger D Klein, Edward D B Lopatto, Maxwell I Zimmerman, Philippe N Azimzadeh, Denise A Sanick, Justin R Porter, Jesus Bazan Villicana, Jerome S Pinkner, Bo Huey Chiang, Nathaniel C Gualberto, Karen W Dodson, Michael L Patnode, George M H Et Al., Gregory R Bowman, Scott J Hultgren

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The Yeh chaperone-usher pathway (CUP) pilus adhesin is encoded in one-half of all

Assessment Of Body Fat Percentage In Emirati Females: A Comparative Analysis Of Bia Vs. Dxa, Dalia Haroun, Aseel Ehsanallah

All Works

Introduction: Obesity is a significant health issue in the UAE. Accurate body composition assessment is crucial for managing obesity-related health risks. This study aimed to evaluate the agreement between bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in measuring body composition among Emirati females. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 95 healthy Emirati females aged 17–27 years. Paired samples t-tests, correlation analyses, and Bland-Altman plots were used to compare the two methods (BIA vs. DXA). Results: BIA significantly underestimated % fat and fat mass (FM) while overestimating fat-free mass (FFM) compared to DXA. The mean difference in % fat was …

Exploring The Leadership Journeys Of Female College Presidents At Health Professions Focused Institutions: An Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods Study, Caroline S. Zeind, Bobbie Ann Adair White, Yoon Soo Park, Tewodros Eguale, Anne Thompson

Journal of Research on the College President

National data on the academic presidency reflect a long-standing gender gap with little known about the presidency at health professions focused institutions (HPFIs). This mixed methods study explored the relationships between the academic presidency and institutional characteristics of HPFIs, and the leadership journeys of female presidents at HPFIs. An analysis of institutional and leadership data for 487 HPFIs was conducted using a quantitative approach, followed by interviews of 15 female presidents at HPFIs to understand their perceptions of the barriers, and factors that helped with presidency attainment. The results of 479 HPFIs revealed that only 36.3% of women served as …

Prognostic Value Of Baseline Qfr In Single-Vessel Intermediate Coronary Stenosis, Yanfeng Lu, Abdulrahman Alqazzaz, Jasmine Bao, Gary S. Mintz, Jiahao Feng, Yong Zhang, Shanshan Gao, Qiang Song, Feifei Ning, Xin Huang, Ning Guo

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The prognostic value of baseline Quantitative Flow Ratio (QFR) in real-world patients remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of baseline QFR and its three-tier model-low, grey-zone, and high QFR-in patients with single-vessel intermediate stenosis.

METHODS: This retrospective study included 478 patients with QFR between 0.70 and 0.90 who underwent coronary angiography between May and June 2023. Patients were stratified into Low (0.70-0.74), Grey-Zone (0.75-0.85), and High (0.86-0.90) QFR groups. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACE); the key secondary endpoint was target vessel failure (TVF). Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards models …

Maternal Immunization With Vp8* Mrna Vaccine Yields Superior Passive Transfer Of Rotavirus-Neutralizing Antibodies To Foals, Karin E R Borba, Rebecca M Legere, Nathan M Canaday, Jill W Skrobarczyk, Zachary W T Arnold, Elena Cotton-Betteridge, Cristina Poveda, Michael F Criscitiello, Angela I Bordin, Luc R Berghman, Jeroen B K Pollet, Noah D Cohen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Despite the availability of a killed whole-virus (KV) vaccine, diarrhea caused by equine rotavirus group A (ERVA) remains a significant health concern for foals in the United States. The vaccine is administered to pregnant mares, with foals protected by passive transfer of colostral antibodies. However, KV-induced immunity is only partially protective and maternal antibody levels in foals are often low and wane rapidly. To address these limitations, we developed a mRNA-based ERVA vaccine encoding the highly conserved VP8* protein to evaluate whether it can provide improved immune protection.

Methods: Pregnant mares (n = 12 per group) were …

Primary Cortical Neurons Precipitate And Extrude Large Mitochondria-Associated Calcium-Phosphate Sheets With A Bone-Precursor-Like Ultrastructure, Erik D Anderson, Christopher A Cronkite, Philip R Baldwin, Carlota P Abella, Joseph G Duman, Ashleigh N Simmonds, M Neal Waxham, Kimberley F Tolias, Steven J Ludtke

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Calcium-phosphate (CaP) is a ubiquitous inorganic compound that plays an important structural role in healthy bone and teeth formation, but its pathologic buildup can occur in dyshomeostatic calcium disorders like Alzheimer's disease and Leigh syndrome. The nexus of pathologic extracellular CaP in the nervous system is not well understood, but prior evidence suggests mitochondria could be a source. We have observed mitochondria-sized sheet-like CaP aggregates within functional wild type cortical neuron cultures at 1 and 20 days in vitro. Neurons were extracted from embryonic day 18 (E18) rat embryos following standard protocols to study neuronal structure and function. We have …

Daily Locomotor Activity Declines With Tumor Growth And Disease Progression In Glioblastoma, Maria F Gonzalez-Aponte, Sofia V Salvatore, Anna R. Damato, Ruth Gn Katumba, Grayson R. Talcott, Omar H. Butt, Jian L. Campian, Jingqin Luo, Joshua B. Rubin, Olivia J. Walch, Erik D. Herzog

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor that often progresses despite resection and treatment. Timely and continuous assessment of GBM progression is critical to expedite secondary surgery or enrollment in clinical trials. However, current progression detection requires costly and specialized MRI examinations, which, in the absence of new symptoms or signs, are usually scheduled every 2-3 months. Here, we hypothesized that changes in daily activity are associated with GBM growth and disease progression. We found that wheel-running activity in GBM-bearing mice declined as tumors grew and preceded weight loss and circadian breakdown by over a week. Temozolomide treatment in the …

In Memoriam: Dr. Marvin E. Pizer (1926-2025), Richard F. Roadcap Dds

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

The Dental Oenophile, Zaneta Hamlin Dds

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

Why Haven’T Annual Maximums In Dental Insurance Plans Kept Up With Inflation?, Chris Pyle

Virginia Dental Journal

This document discusses the challenges of increasing annual maximums in dental insurance plans amidst rising costs, network participation issues, and premium sensitivity. It highlights Delta Dental of Virginia's innovative solutions, including higher maximum plans and gradual coverage increases, while emphasizing the balance between affordability and coverage.

Dental Detective Series - Word Search, Zaneta Hamlin Dds

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

Ethics In Dentistry Amid Local And Nationwide Dental Hygienist Shortage, David T. Marshall Dds

Virginia Dental Journal

This article discusses the ethical challenges and operational impacts of the nationwide dental hygienist shortage, with a focus on Virginia, which faces a significant deficit of over 1,000 full-time-equivalent hygienists. The shortage has led to increased workloads, reduced access to care, and pressure to compromise treatment standards. Dental professionals are urged to uphold ethical principles, including informed patient decision-making, transparency about staffing limitations, and adherence to legal scopes of practice. The article emphasizes the importance of collaborative, patient-centered solutions, such as reassessing scheduling models, supporting educational programs, and advocating for policy changes to address workforce shortages and improve access to …

Save The Date - 2026 Virginia Dental Showcase, Megan Wyman

Virginia Dental Journal

No abstract provided.

Vda Career Center Connects Employers With Premier Dental Professionals, Shannon Jacobs

Virginia Dental Journal

Leverage your VDA member benefits by using the VDA Career Center to find new talent for your practice.

Through The Looking Glass, Sarah Glass Dds

Virginia Dental Journal

Cases are presented by Ryan Abi Jomaa and Rahaf AlMatrook, fourth-year dental students at Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry.