Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Applying Artificial Intelligence And Chatbots To Enhance Collection Development In Health Sciences Libraries, Ivan Portillo, David Carson

Library Presentations, Posters, and Audiovisual Materials

The continuous advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) has presented several opportunities for librarians to reduce their workload and become more efficient. This session will explore the potential of generative AI chatbots in assisting health sciences librarians with collection development. Two methods that will be discussed include the potential of AI to help discover new titles and how AI can evaluate your library collection for any potential gaps based on a college program’s curriculum.

The Relationships Between Sporadic And Repetitive Non-Suicidal Self-Injury And Mental Disorders Among First-Year College Students: Results From The World Mental Health International College Student Initiative, Penelope Hasking, Glenn Kiekens, Maria Petukhova, Yesica Albor, Ahmad Al-Hadi, Jordi Alonso, Nouf Al-Saud, Yasmin Altwaijri, Claes Andersson, Lukoye Atwoli

Brain and Mind Institute

Background: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is associated with mental disorders, yet work regarding the direction of this association is inconsistent. We examined the prevalence, comorbidity, time–order associations with mental disorders, and sex differences in sporadic and repetitive NSSI among emerging adults.

Methods: We used survey data from n = 72,288 first-year college students as part of the World Mental Health-International College Student Survey Initiative (WMH-ICS) to explore time–order associations between onset of NSSI and mental disorders, based on retrospective age-of-onset reports using discrete-time survival models. We distinguished between sporadic (1–5 lifetime episodes) and repetitive (≥6 lifetime episodes) NSSI in …

The Wellness Connection September 2025, Roger Williams University School Of Law

Life of the Law School (1993- )

No abstract provided.

Zika Virus Impairs Autophagic Flux In Trabecular Meshwork, And Inhibition Of Autophagy Restricts Ocular Viral Transmission And Associated Pathology, Faraz Ahmad, Prince Kumar, Pallav Singh, Trupti Joshi, Pawan Kumar Singh

Biomedical Sciences

Zika virus (ZIKV) is the lone member of Flavivirus family known to cause congenital glaucoma following in utero exposure. The molecular mechanisms of ZIKV-induced glaucoma remain elusive, with no known therapeutic modalities. Autophagy plays a dual role in viral infections and glaucoma pathogenesis. However, how ZIKV  interferes with autophagic pathways in the trabecular meshwork (TM) and whether autophagy contributes to ZIKV-induced ocular complications remains elusive. Here, we investigated the role of autophagy in ZIKV ocular pathogenesis utilizing a primary human trabecular meshwork cells (HTMC) and IFNAR1-/- mouse model of ocular infection. Our results show that ZIKV permissively infects HTMC, elicits …

Himmelfarb Library Liaison Letter - September 2025, The George Washington University, Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library

Himmelfarb Library Liaison Letters

No abstract provided.

Imagining What’S Next In Pediatric Feeding Care, Amy L. Delaney

Speech Pathology and Audiology Faculty Research and Publications

Pediatric feeding disorder (PFD) is now recognized as a diagnostic entity, and we have the diagnostic and procedural codes for it. This is a turning point in our field because these codes don’t just unlock reimbursement—they validate and name the invisible. They allow us to collect data and identify patterns, and they open a door to remarkable things.

Integrated Systems Biology Identifies Disruptions In Mitochondrial Function And Metabolism As Key Contributors To Hfpef, Andrew A. Gibb, Kyle Lapenna, Ryan B. Gaspar, Nadina R. Latchman, Yinfei Tan, Carmen Choya-Foces, Jake E. Doiron, Zhen Li, Huijing Xia, Michael P. Lazaropoulos, Mariell Conwell, Thomas E. Sharp, Traci T. Goodchild, David J. Lefer, John W. Elrod

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for ∼50% of HF cases. The ZSF1-obese rat model recapitulates clinical features of HFpEF including hypertension, obesity, metabolic syndrome, exercise intolerance, and diastolic dysfunction. We utilized a systems-biology approach to define the metabolic and transcriptional signatures to gain mechanistic insight into pathways contributing to HFpEF development. Male ZSF1-obese, ZSF1-lean hypertensive controls, and WKY (wild-type) controls were compared at 14 weeks of age for extensive physiological phenotyping and left ventricle (LV) tissue harvesting for unbiased-metabolomics, RNA-sequencing, and mitochondrial morphology and function. Utilizing ZSF1-lean and WKY controls enabled a distinction between hypertension-driven molecular changes …

Docking Investigation Of Thevetia Peruviana Plant Compounds For Targeting Molluscicidal Activity Against Biomphalaria Alexandrina Snails, The Intermediate Host Of Schistosoma Mansoni, Samah I. Ghoname, Basma H. Amin, Asmaa T. Mohamed, Olfat A. Olfat A. Hammam, Hebat‑Allah A. Dokmak

Nanotechnology Research Centre

Background Thevetia peruviana, commonly known as Yellow Oleander or Cabbage Tree, is a tropical shrub. Extracts from various parts of the plant (e.g., leaves, seeds) have demonstrated pesticidal properties, including the ability to repel or kill intermediate hosts of Schistosomiasis. Methods This study employed gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis to identify 33 compo nents in the ethanol extract, with key compounds exhibiting antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory, anticancer, and anti microbial properties. Additionally, the research investigated the molluscicidal activity of the plant extract, its impact on Caspase‑3 expression, steroid sex hormone levels in Biomphalaria alexandrina, and histological alterations in the digestive and hermaphrodite …

Distribution Of Block Grant Funding: Considerations For Rural Communities, Kate E. Beatty, Casey P. Balio, Margaret M. Francisco, Michael B. Meit, Stephanie M. Mathis

ETSU/NORC Rural Health Research Center Policy Briefs

No abstract provided.

A Rural Lens On Federal Block Grant Distribution, Casey P. Balio, Stephanie M. Mathis, Margaret M. Francisco, Michael Meit, Kate E. Beatty

ETSU/NORC Rural Health Research Center Policy Briefs

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Liver Macrophages In Viral Liver Pathogenesis, Alexis Brantly, Kyle Yeakle, Michael J. Bouchard, Peter J. Gaskill, Michael R. Nonnemacher

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

Liver macrophages play important roles in the pathophysiology of liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, liver macrophages are a heterogenous population and have differing roles in maintenance of liver function and response in disease. In a healthy liver, macrophages play a critical role in antigen processing, maintaining tolerance to the high levels of gut-derived bacterial products, and regulating inflammation through cytokine response. However, macrophages also play a critical role in liver pathology, specifically in the context of viral infection. The liver is targeted by multiple viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus, which dysregulate macrophage …

Unplanned Hospitalization Among Advanced Prostate Cancer Patients By Diabetes Status: A Population-Based Study, Amy L. Shaver, Krupa Gandhi, Scott W. Keith, Nikita Nikita, Christopher C. Yang, Felix J. Kim, Hushan Yang, William K. Kelly, Stephen J. Freedland, Grace Lu-Yao

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Older adults with advanced prostate cancer and type 2 diabetes mellitus are underrepresented in trials of androgen receptor pathway inhibitors. This study examined changes in unplanned hospitalization rates in patients receiving androgen receptor pathway inhibitors by type 2 diabetes mellitus status and assessed if unplanned hospitalization varies according to androgen receptor pathway inhibitors.

METHODS: This population-based study of advanced prostate cancer patients aged older than 66 years used Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-Medicare data. Prepost androgen receptor pathway inhibitor initiation changes and androgen receptor pathway inhibitor differences in unplanned hospitalization rates were estimated by adjusted incidence rate ratio with …

Polish Adaptation Of The Self-Stigma Of Stuttering Scale: Scale Development And Analysis, Marta Wesierska, Natalia Świsłocka, Katarzyna Węsierska, Michael P. Boyle

Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Purpose: There is currently no available assessment of self-stigmatization for people who stutter in Polish, and previous research has identified a clear need for such a measure to be implemented in therapy settings. The aim of this study was to adapt the Self-Stigma of Stuttering Scale (4S) to Polish. Method: The study recruited 108 Polish adults who stutter (48.1 % female, 51.9 % male), ranging in age from 18 to 67. Participants were mainly recruited via speech language pathologists (SLPs) and self-help group leaders. Participants completed the Polish translation of the 4S scale, as well as questions on general mental …

Determining Risk Factors And Rate Of Surgery After Collagenase Injections For Dupuytren Contracture, Ryan C. Cha, Juliet S. Chung, Sina Ramtin, Asif M. Ilyas

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

Purpose: Collagenase injections are a nonsurgical treatment for Dupuytren contracture, but their long-term effectiveness in preventing surgery remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the rate of surgical intervention following collagenase treatment and identify whether specific risk factors increase the likelihood of future surgical correction. Methods: This retrospective cohort study utilized the TriNetX US Collaborative network to identify patients diagnosed with Dupuytren contracture between January 2007 and September 2024. Patients initially treated with collagenase injections were identified using relevant current procedural terminology codes. Procedure-specific current procedural terminology codes were then used to determine which patients underwent a subsequent fasciectomy or …

Racial Moderation Of Infant Mortality Risk And Protective Factors In The United States, Temitope Oluwaseun Akinsola

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The rate of infant mortality is a pressing health issue in the United States, as ethnic minorities are disproportionately affected. This study addressed how race controls the predictive power of demographic, socioeconomic, and geographic factors on infant mortality. Using a quantitative correlational design, secondary data from 181 individuals listed in the CDC-National Vital Statistics System database were used, which contains nationally aggregated data related to infant mortality rates. Bronfenbrenner’s social ecological model guided the study, and multiple regression and moderation models were used to examine socioeconomic status and access to healthcare on infant mortality outcomes. Results indicated that race significantly …

Acad10 And Acad11 Enable Mammalian 4-Hydroxy Acid Lipid Catabolism, Edrees H Rashan, Abigail K Bartlett, Jingying Zhang, Andrew J Smith, Zakery N Baker, Patrick Forny, Peng Yuan, David J Pagliarini, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Fatty acid β-oxidation is a central catabolic pathway with broad health implications. However, various fatty acids, including 4-hydroxy acids (4-HAs), are largely incompatible with β-oxidation machinery before being modified. Here we reveal that two atypical acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, ACAD10 and ACAD11, drive 4-HA catabolism in mice. Unlike other ACADs, ACAD10 and ACAD11 feature kinase domains that phosphorylate the 4-hydroxy position as a requisite step in converting 4-hydroxyacyl-CoAs into conventional 2-enoyl-CoAs. Through cryo-electron microscopy and molecular modeling, we identified an atypical dehydrogenase binding pocket capable of accommodating this phosphorylated intermediate. We further show that ACAD10 is mitochondrial and necessary for catabolizing shorter-chain …

Inflammatory Pain In Mice Induces Light Cycle-Dependent Effects On Sleep Architecture, Dominika J Burek, Khairunisa Mohamad Ibrahim, Andrew G Hall, Ashish Sharma, Jessica A Cucinello-Ragland, Erik S Musiek, Jose A Morón, William A Carlezon Jr

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Pain syndromes include physical, sensory, emotional, and cognitive symptoms such as disability, negative affect, feelings of stress, and fatigue. Experimental induction of long-term inflammatory pain in rodents by hindpaw injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) produces anhedonia and dysregulated naturalistic behaviors, similar to the effects of unregulated stress. We examined whether these similarities extend to changes in sleep and rhythms, such as those induced by chronic social defeat stress, using actigraphy and wireless EEG in mice. Comparisons were made between groups that received injections at the onset of the light or dark phase. We found that CFA-induced inflammatory pain alters …

Comparative Effectiveness Of Less Vs More Frequent Hydrocortisone Dosing In Septic Shock, Alan Hao, Tianshi David Wu, Keegan Collins, Danielle Guffey, Rebecca Kessinger, Meghna Vallabh, Ali Omranian

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objectives: Guidelines recommend hydrocortisone as an adjunctive treatment in septic shock, but the optimal dosing regimen is unknown. A national shortage of hydrocortisone in 2023 prompted a change in institutional practice for hydrocortisone administration from 50 mg every 6 hours to 100 mg every 12 hours in an effort to reduce waste and conserve vials, creating an opportunity to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of these two regimens. The primary efficacy outcome was time to shock resolution, and secondary outcomes evaluated in this study were mortality, renal replacement therapy (RRT), medication costs, and maximum vasopressor dose attained.

Design: Single-center, retrospective cohort …

The Role Of Serum Phosphate Control In Supporting Transplant Readiness In Patients On Dialysis, Laura A Williams, Stephen Z Fadem

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Chronic kidney disease affects over 36 million Americans, with more than 800,000 progressing to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). Treatment with kidney transplantation offers superior survival, quality of life, and cost-effectiveness compared with dialysis, yet access remains limited. Hyperphosphatemia is a highly prevalent and modifiable complication of ESKD that contributes to cardiovascular disease, mineral bone disorder, and potential pulmonary dysfunction. Additionally, elevated serum phosphate has been linked to transplant graft failure and adverse post-transplant outcomes. Although normal phosphate levels are not formally required for transplant eligibility, they are frequently considered as part of transplant readiness assessments. Persistent gaps between clinical guideline …

Color Change In Commercial Resin Composites With Different Photoinitiators, Feng Gao, David W. Berzins

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

The yellowing effect of camphorquinone (CQ) has led manufacturers to add alternative initiators into resin composites (RCs) to reduce the amount of CQ used. The aim of this study was to investigate the color change in commercial RCs with alternative photoinitiators besides CQ. Color change upon polymerization and aging in air and artificial saliva for up to 3 months was tested for seven commercial RCs (traditional and bulk-fill) with either CQ only or CQ and additional photoinitiators (CQ+). Color measurements were obtained with a spectrophotometer. Color change (ΔE) was calculated using the CIELab and CIEDE2000 formulae. ANOVA and a post …

Evaluating Dental Ai Research Papers: Key Considerations For Editors And Reviewers, Sergio E. Uribe, Manal H. Hamdan, Nicola Alberto Valente, Satoshi Yamaguchi, Fahad Umer, Antonin Tichy, Ruben Pauwels, Falk Schwendicke

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in dental research for diagnosis, treatment planning, and disease prediction. However, many dental AI studies lack methodological rigor, transparency, or reproducibility, and no dedicated peer-review guidance exists for this field.

Methods

Editors and reviewers from the ITU/WHO/WIPO AI for Health – Dentistrygroup participated in a structured survey and group discussions to identify key elements for reviewing AI dental research. A draft of the recommendations was circulated for feedback and consensus.

Results

The consensus from editors and reviewers identified four key indicators of high-quality AI dental research: (1) relevance to a real clinical …

Corrigendum To “A Compound Of Concentrated Growth Factor And Periodontal Ligament Stem Cell-Derived Conditioned Medium” [Tissue Cell 65 (2020) 101373], Z. Aghamohammadi, M. Kadkhodazadeh, M. Torshabi, Fahimeh Tabatabaei

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Dental Care For Patients With Congenital Bleeding Disorder: A Systematic Review, Afsary Jahan Khan, Sydur Rahaman Riyadh, Mohammed Gh Abd Ali Al-Naser, Norjehan Yahaya, Mas Suryalis Ahmad, Aminda Faizura Omar, Altaf H. Shah

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction

Dental management in patients with congenital bleeding disorder (CBD) can be complex, as even minor oral surgery may precipitate prolonged bleeding. Effective treatment requires a thorough medical and dental history evaluation, including pre-, intra-, and post-operative planning. This systematic review (SR) aims to analyze data on CBD patients, including age, treatment techniques, outcomes, and recommendations for minimizing bleeding risks.

Materials and Methods

A comprehensive electronic search was conducted across five databases—PubMed via MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science—using expert-validated keywords. Manual searches complemented the selection process, covering studies from first January 2009, to December 31, 2024. …

Acinetobacter Phages Use Distinct Strategies To Breach The Capsule Barrier, Alexis J. Mccalla, Forrest C. Walker, Fabiana Bisaro, Miguel Rodriguez-Anavitate, Anna Johannesman, Gisela Di Venanzio, Mario F. Feldman, Michele Leroux

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that is a growing threat in hospital settings due to its alarmingly high rates of antibiotic resistance. Alternative therapies are urgently needed to manage the growing burden of untreatable A. baumannii infections. Phage therapy is a promising avenue that has already seen some success in isolated compassionate-use cases, including the famous "Patterson case". Bacterial surface structures are the first determinants of susceptibility to phage infection and play a major role in phage host range. Most A. baumannii strains produce a protective capsule that is highly diverse both in structure and composition, and provides the …

Differences In Physician Electronic Health Record Use By Telemedicine Intensity: Evidence From 2 Academic Medical Centers, Seunghwan Kim, Robert Thombley, Elise Eiden, Sunny Lou, Julia Adler-Milstein, Thomas Kannampallil, A Jay Holmgren

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the association between telemedicine intensity and ambulatory physician electronic health record (EHR) use following the COVID-19 pandemic.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included ambulatory physicians in 11 specialties at 2 large academic medical centers (Washington University in St Louis [WashU], University of California San Francisco [UCSF]). EHR use measures, including time-based and frequency-based, were analyzed in the post-COVID-19 period (March 1, 2021, through March 7, 2022). Multivariable regression models with 2-way fixed effects were used to assess the association between telemedicine intensity and EHR use.

RESULTS: Fully telemedicine physician-weeks were associated with higher EHR (hours per 8 …

Rezafungin Versus Caspofungin For The Treatment Of Candidemia And Invasive Candidiasis: Results From The Double-Blind, Randomized, Phase 3 Restore Trial Including The China Extension Study, George R Thompson, Haihui Huang, Sizhou Feng, Yunsong Yu, Alex Soriano, Oliver A Cornely, Bart Jan Kullberg, Peter G Pappas, Marin Kollef, Jose A Vazquez, Patrick M Honore, Laura Cox, Matteo Bassetti

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Rezafungin is approved for use in adults with candidemia and/or invasive candidiasis (IC) based on data from the ReSTORE trial (NCT03667690), which demonstrated noninferior efficacy to caspofungin. For regulatory purposes, an additional cohort of patients from China was recruited to ReSTORE. Here, we compared rezafungin and caspofungin in patients with candidemia and/or IC through analysis of the ReSTORE global data plus the China extension study.

METHODS: Adults with candidemia/IC were randomized (1:1) to receive weekly rezafungin (400/200 mg) or daily caspofungin (70/50 mg) for ≤28 days. Noninferiority was concluded for primary efficacy endpoints if the upper bound of the …

Machine Learning Feasibility In Cochlear Implant Speech Perception Outcomes-Moving Beyond Single Biomarkers For Cochlear Implant Performance Prediction, Matthew A. Shew, Cole Pavelchek, Andrew Michelson, Amanda Ortmann, Shannon Lefler, Amit Walia, Nedim Durakovic, Alisa Phillips, Ayna Rejepova, Jacques A. Herzog, Phillip Payne, Jay F. Piccirillo, Craig A. Buchman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: Machine learning (ML) is an emerging discipline centered around complex pattern matching and large data-based prediction modeling and can improve precision medicine healthcare. Cochlear implants (CI) are highly effective, however, outcomes vary widely, and accurately predicting speech perception performance outcomes between patients remains a challenge. This study aims to evaluate the ability of ML to predict speech perception performance among CI recipients at 6-month post-implantation using only preoperative variables on one of the largest CI datasets to date, with an emphasis placed on identification of poor performers.

DESIGN: All patients enrolled in the national CI outcome tracking database, HERMES, …

Neutrophils Drive Vascular Occlusion, Tumour Necrosis And Metastasis, Jose M Adrover, Xiao Han, Lijuan Sun, Takeo Fujii, Nicole Sivetz, Juliane Daßler-Plenker, Clary Evans, Jessica Peters, Xue-Yan He, Courtney D Cannon, Won Jin Ho, George Raptis, R Scott Powers, Mikala Egeblad

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Tumour necrosis is associated with poor prognosis in cancer

Walking Interventions And Cognitive Health In Older Adults: A Systematic Review Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Jongwon Lee, Delia West, Christine Pellegrini, Jingkai Wei, Sara Wilcox, Jean Neils-Strunjas, A Caroline Rudisill, Daniela B Friedman, David X Marquez, Jenna Dzwierzynski, Joyce Balls-Berry, Rachelle Gajadhar, Chih-Hsiang Yang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

ObjectiveThis systematic review summarizes the effectiveness and the dose of walking interventions on specific cognition domains in older adults, including executive function, memory, attention, processing speed, and global cognition.Data sourcePublished randomized controlled trials in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science until 10 May 2023.Study Inclusion and Exclusion CriteriaStudies include older adults without Alzheimer's or related dementias, involving a walking intervention and performance-based neuropsychological assessments for executive function, memory, processing speed, attention, or global cognition.Data ExtractionTwo independent research assistants reviewed 8424 studies and included 17 studies.Data SynthesisParticipant demographics, intervention features (type, intensity, time, frequency, duration, format, and context), cognitive assessment tools, …

The Impact Of Waitlisting After A Weekend On Transplant-Related Outcomes For Patients With Acute Liver Failure In The Us, Melis G Celdir, Qianyi Shi, Tomohiro Tanaka

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Potential delays in patient care during weekends have not been studied in liver transplantation (LT) for acute liver failure (ALF). We evaluated the impact of listing after a weekend on waitlist (WL) and post-LT outcomes in ALF patients.

METHODS: In a retrospective cohort study of adult ALF patients from February 2002 to May 2023 in the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database, the primary exposure was listing after a weekend. Multinomial regression and Cox models assessed WL outcomes and post-LT mortality, respectively, adjusting for potential confounders. Inverse probability censoring weighting addressed censoring bias.

RESULTS: Among 6600 adults listed …