Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Full Issue, Volume 13, Number 2, James S. Bates, Donna J. Peterson Dr., Scott Cummings, Erin L. Martinez

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

No abstract provided.

Community Partnerships To Address Social Determinants Of Health Among Older Adults, Cory Bolkan, Raven Weaver, Cheryl Eschbach, Erik Geissal, Breanne Wise-Swanson

Journal of Human Sciences and Extension

Focusing on social determinants of health (SDOH) among older adults is key to addressing health disparities, maintaining independence in their homes/communities, improving health outcomes, and avoiding high-cost institutional care. While primary care settings are equipped to meet older adults’ physical health needs, the network of Area Agencies on Aging (AAA) is designed to meet social needs (e.g., transportation, nutrition, caregiver support). Yet, cross-sector community partnerships between AAAs and primary care are rare. This article shares an evaluation of one such partnership, where SDOH screenings were routinely implemented in primary care, yielding social prescribing and direct referral to AAA’s support services. …

Unnoticed Early Pregnancy During Myomectomy With Favorable Outcome: Case Report, Ronak Mulji, Lusajo Mwagobele, Farhat Seif, Zainab Fidaali, Munawar Kaguta

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Introduction

Uterine fibroids are a common cause of infertility, and myomectomy remains a key surgical intervention to improve reproductive outcomes. However, the occurrence of an undetected pregnancy during myomectomy is rare and poses significant clinical risks.

Case Presentation

We report a 34-year-old woman, nulliparous with a history of secondary infertility and three first-trimester miscarriages. She had multiple fibroids and was managed for polycystic ovarian syndrome and hyperprolactinemia. Scheduled for abdominal myomectomy, the surgery proceeded uneventfully, with six fibroids removed and no breach of the endometrial cavity. Five weeks postoperatively, she presented with symptoms suggestive of early pregnancy. Ultrasound confirmed a …

Cervical Hpv 18 Detection Is Associated With High-Grade Cervical Dysplasia In Kenyan And Ugandan Women Living With Hiv, Miriam Nakalembe, Collins Mpamani, Jane Namugga, Carolyn Nakisige, Grace Banturaki, Phillip Tonui, Peter Itsura, Omenge Orango, Kapten Muthoka, Anthony Ngeresa

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Objectives Cervical cancer, caused by “high-risk” (HR) HPV, is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of cancer deaths among women living in Kenya and Uganda. Women living with HIV (WLWH) are at a high risk for HR-HPV infection. This longitudinal, observational cohort analysis was conducted to identify factors that are important among WLWH in prediction of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2 or 3 (CIN2/3).

Methods Data of this analysis was based on a study of HPV natural history and cervical cancer among Kenyan and Ugandan WLWH. Demographic, behavioral and biological data were collected; HR-HPV DNA testing of cervical …

Cervical Hpv 18 Detection Is Associated With High-Grade Cervical Dysplasia In Kenyan And Ugandan Women Living With Hiv, Miriam Nakalembe, Collins Mpamani, Jane Namugga, Carolyn Nakisige, Grace Banturaki, Phillip Tonui, Peter Itsura, Elkanah Orang'o, Kapten Muthoka, Anthony Ngeresa

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Objectives Cervical cancer, caused by “high-risk” (HR) HPV, is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of cancer deaths among women living in Kenya and Uganda. Women living with HIV (WLWH) are at a high risk for HR-HPV infection. This longitudinal, observational cohort analysis was conducted to identify factors that are important among WLWH in prediction of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2 or 3 (CIN2/3).

Methods Data of this analysis was based on a study of HPV natural history and cervical cancer among Kenyan and Ugandan WLWH. Demographic, behavioral and biological data were collected; HR-HPV DNA testing of cervical …

Perspective: Restoring Rest-The Critical Role Of Sleep In Foster Care Well-Being, Jill Mcleigh, Anna Wani, Likhita Shaik

Health Status, Outcomes, and Literacy and Healthcare Utilization

In 2023, approximately 400,000 children were in foster care in the United States, a population disproportionately affected by trauma, instability, and systemic inequities.1 These children face chronic disruptions in sleep—an essential physiological process that underpins physical development, learning, emotional regulation, and overall health.²⁻⁴ Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), including abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction, are prevalent in this group and contribute to significant sleep disturbances through pathways of hyperarousal, stress dysregulation, and recurrent nightmares. 3,4 Understanding the interplay between foster care, social determinants of health (SDOH), and sleep health disparities highlights opportunities for targeted interventions to improve outcomes.

For questions about …

Nihil Scribo Quod Non Scriptum Prius, Daniel L. Orr Ii, Dds, Ms, Ph.D., Jd, Md

AADEJ - The Communicator

The Editor-in-Chief reflects on his tenure, citing the Latin phrase, "Nihil Scribo Quod Non Scriptum Prius," which suggests humility in editorship. He details organizational milestones, including the change from AADE to AADEJ in 2014 to formally recognize all dental writers. He notes that the AADEJ was founded on the controversy surrounding advertising in professional journals, underscoring the importance of judicious dissent in advancing ideas. Gratitude is expressed to mentors like Dan Jenkins and colleagues such as Denise Maihofer and Mali Schantz-Feld. His editorial philosophy, which fostered written "hybrid vigor," resulted in the AADEJ receiving two recent ICD Awards for volumes …

What Community Members With Chronic Illness Teach Future Healthcare Professionals In A Longitudinal Interprofessional Education Program: A Focus Group Study, Rachel White, Maria Brucato, Amber King, Anne B. Mitchell, Nethra S. Ankam

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Nearly 50% of Americans have at least one chronic illness. Preparing future healthcare providers for interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) and person-centred care through community-based interprofessional education (IPE) can improve outcomes for this growing population. Partial programme theories predict that patients' participation as teachers in health professions education contributes to students' development of patient-centredness. Role theory asserts that behaviours are shaped by assigned roles; therefore, community members with chronic illness who assume roles of health mentors in an IPE curriculum are predicted to teach students about their patient experiences. Yet, this teaching outcome and the lessons health mentors teach in …

Combined Multichannel Intraluminal Impedance And Ph Testing In Infants And Young Children-A Narrative Review, Rochelle Sequeira Gomes, Sheeja Abraham, Michael Favara, Amy J. Sloane, Zubair H. Aghai

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is common in infants and young children, and thediagnosis and characterization of the disease continues to evolve in recent times. The typicalsymptoms thought to be related to GERD in young children are often nonspecific andubiquitous, underscoring the need for diagnostic testing in patients who have severe symptomsor complications related to GERD. Combined multichannel intraluminal impedance and pHtesting (MII-pH) is a diagnostic tool that can be used to study the frequency andseverity of gastroesophageal reflux. Compared to other diagnostic devices, MII-pH hasthe advantage of detecting both acidic and alkaline reflux events, as well as allows the study …

Factsheet: Protecting Oral Tradition By Promoting Oral Health Among Native Elders In North Dakota, Shawnda Schroeder

Indigenous Health Faculty Publications

Native Elders (65+) in the United States are 2.5 times more likely to have untreated cavities than non-Native Elders (40% compared to 16%). Native Elders are also twice as likely to have severe gum disease (20% compared to 9%). This factsheet shares the connection between oral health and overall health, and ways to take care of teeth later in life.

Report: Healthy Smiles Shouldn't Wait: Preventive Dental Care For Kindergartners In North Dakota, Nishat Sultana, Shawnda Schroeder

Indigenous Health Faculty Publications

Taking care of children’s teeth early helps them start school ready to learn, without pain or urgent dental needs. Over the last five years, however, the percentage of kindergartners in North Dakota who had never visited the dentist had increased from 32% during the 2021-21 school year to nearly one in two (49%) in the most recent school year. These data and other trends from the North Dakota school-based sealant program are presented in this infographic.

Smarter Disease Detection From Electronic Health Record Data: An End-To-End Ai-Augmented Pipeline For Computable Phenotyping, Dylan Owens

Statistical Science Theses and Dissertations

Electronic Health Records (EHR) contain a wealth of structured and unstructured patient data that can be leveraged for computable phenotyping, the process of algorithmically identifying patient cohorts with specific diseases or conditions. Traditional rule-based phenotyping approaches, while interpretable, often struggle with scalability, portability across institutions, and effective use of unstructured clinical narratives. Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) present new opportunities for synthesizing complex free-text information into concise, clinically meaningful representations. However, integrating LLMs into phenotyping workflows requires careful design to maintain transparency, interpretability, and measurable uncertainty—features essential for clinical adoption and downstream applications such as decision support.

We …

Factsheet: Taking Care Of Your Teeth Later In Life, Shawnda Schroeder

Indigenous Health Faculty Publications

More than 30% of North Dakota adults age 65 and older have lost six or more teeth which is nearly three times higher than the U.S. average (11.7%). Likewise, 17% of older adults in North Dakota report complete tooth loss compared to just 6% nationally. This factsheet shares the connection between oral health and overall health, and ways to take care of teeth later in life.

Assisting New Graduate Nurses Through Support Systems, Shaianne Kaye S. Intal

Nursing | Student Research Posters

No abstract provided.

Epidemiology Of Lower Extremity Amputations In The United States: An Analysis Of The Global Burden Of Disease Database From 1990 To 2019., Peter B Spencer, Cameron J Sabet, Gabrielle Dykhouse, Taylor J Manes, Phillip C Mckegg, Ambrose Loc T Ngo, Ayah Ibrahim, Jack Weick

Surgery Articles

BACKGROUND: Lower extremity amputations (LEAs) are medically, psychologically, and functionally devastating. The objective of our study was to evaluate region- and sex-specific differences of unilateral and bilateral LEAs across the United States (US) from 1990 to 2019.

METHODS: The Global Burden of Disease database was used to analyze years lived with disability (YLDs), prevalence, and incidence rates per 100,000 people for LEAs in the US from 1990 to 2019. Data were stratified into four US Census Bureau-defined regions: Northeast, Midwest, South, and West. Differences between regions and sexes were assessed, with statistical significance defined as p < 0.05.

RESULTS: From 1990 to …

Perioperative Antibiotic Administration Review: An Analysis Of Outpatient Surgeries At Ohiohealth Doctors Hospital., Rayyan Bhutta, Thomas Shneker, Samantha Currier, Alexander Caskey, Vincent Relli-Dempsey, Matthias Franzen, Samir Patel

Surgery Articles

INTRODUCTION: A vital part of preventing surgical site infections (SSIs) is perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis. Antibiotics must be administered within a certain window of time, usually 15 to 60 minutes prior to the surgical incision, for them to be effective. The most frequently utilized medication, cefazolin, can be administered quickly by intravenous push (IVP), but other medications, such as vancomycin and clindamycin, need longer infusion times. Antibiotic efficacy declines, and the risk of SSIs is increased when scheduling requirements are not followed. With special focus on time, dosage, and variation by surgery type, this study evaluates adherence to perioperative antibiotic administration …

Disparities In Health Insurance And Delayed Care Among Hispanic Immigrants In The United States., Temitope Ayodele, Connor Fletcher, Kirk B Beredjiklian, Michael Valenzuela, Zane Mazur

Orthopedic Surgery Resident Research

BACKGROUND: Hispanic immigrants in the United States face persistent barriers to healthcare, including lower rates of insurance coverage and a greater likelihood of delaying care due to cost. Clarifying the independent effects of ethnicity and nativity on these disparities is essential to inform effective policy.

METHODS: We analyzed pooled data from the 2019-2023 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), accessed through the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS). Primary outcomes were being uninsured and delayed medical care due to cost in the past 12 months. Key independent variables were Hispanic ethnicity and nativity (US-born vs. foreign-born). Covariates included survey year, age, …

Pacific Rxtracts - October 2025, Pacific Rxtracts

Pacific RxTracts

Articles:

• The Resurgence of Cardiac Glycosides in Heart Failure
• Wayrilz: New Breakthrough for Persistent or Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenia
• Atrasentan: An Emerging Therapy in IgA Nephropathy
• The Second FDA-Approved MASH Treatment
• New Pharmacist-Driven Calcitonin Protocol Delivers Cost Savings in Hypercalcemia of Malignancy Care
• Baxdrostat Offers Hope for Patients with Resistant Hypertension
• Challenging the Norm: Anticoagulant Discontinuation is Safe Postablation
• Olezarsen: Redefining Triglyceride Control Through APOC3 Inhibition
• Semaglutide and Tirzepatide Linked to Increased Risk of Vision Disorders
• At Last, a Step Forward in Gastric and GEJ
• Tarlatamab: A Breakthrough in Relapsed Small Cell Lung
• Expanded FDA Approval for Darolutamide
• Linvoseltamab: Redefining Multiple …

Bladder Prolapse (Cystocele) Among African, Asian, And Middle Eastern Women: A Clinical And Socio-Cultural Perspective.Intraoperative Frozen Section Analysis (Ifsa): One Plastic Surgeon’S Experience With 1598 Consecutive Skin Cancer Removals, Lawrence Chiang, Michael Chang, Steven Chang, Matthew Delancy, James Monihan, Ray Armand

SKMC Student Presentations and Publications

BACKGROUND: Skin cancer continues to be the most frequently diagnosed cancer in the United States. Since 1990, the prevalence of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) has been steadily increasing.¹ NCCN guidelines recommend complete excision of NMSC to preserve function and optimize aesthetic outcomes.² The gold standard surgical treatment is Mohs Micrographic Surgery (MMS) with a reported cure rate of 99-100%.³ However, MMS requires specialized training and thus is more geographically and financially limited. The traditional technique utilized for skin cancer removal is intraoperative frozen section assessment (IFSA). IFSA is a common histopathological technique that facilitates microscopic …

The Impacts Of Sports Specialization On Youth Development, Madison M. Allen

Honors Thesis

To this date, there has been a rise in the professionalism of youth sports, which has increased the competitiveness and likelihood of early specialization in young athletes. While this allows youth athletes to have recognition at a young age, many athletes experience negative effects that inhibit their ability to make it to the elite level at a later age. Sports specialization can be defined as the participation and/or training of one sport year-round, typically excluding participation in all other sports. Current research suggests that sports specialization can contribute to injury and musculoskeletal disorders, impact motor skills and coordination, and cause …

Pacap Signalling Network In The Nucleus Accumbens Core Regulates Reinstatement Behaviour In Rat, Samrat Bose, Gregory Simandl, Evan M. Hess, Linghai Kong, Nicholas Raddatz, Brian Maunze, Sujean Choi, David A. Baker

Biomedical Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Cocaine use disorder (CUD) lacks FDA-approved treatments, partly due to the difficulty of creating therapeutics that target behaviour-related neural circuits without disrupting signalling throughout the brain. One promising candidate for circuit-selective neuromodulation is pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), a neuropeptide with pleiotropic behavioural actions whose signalling network spans the gut–brain axis. Here, we investigated the potential existence and function of an endogenous PACAP signalling network within the nucleus accumbens core (NAcc), which is a structure that integrates emotional, cognitive and reward processes underlying behaviour. We found that PACAP and its cognate receptor, PAC1R, are endogenously expressed in the rat NAcc …

Knowledge + Innovation = Power: A Protocol For Implementing Aboriginal Data Sovereignty In An Aboriginal Medical Service For Service Delivery Reform, Emma Haynes, Lesley Nelson, Heather D'Antoine, Judith Katzenellenbogen, Elizabeth Armstrong, Lindey Andrews, Jasmin Brown, Nicole Bowser, Roz Walker, Ingrid Stacey, Jessika Purnomo, Dawn Bessarab

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Context Comprehensive Primary Health Care (CPHC) is an interconnected, holistic, and strengths-based health and wellbeing approach fundamental to Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations (ACCHOs) in Australia. However, policy and funding trends increasingly threaten the capacity of ACCHOs to deliver CPHC by imposing burdensome administrative and accountability requirements. A central constraint is the marginalisation of culturally informed data measures and tools that could enable improved development, implementation, evaluation and reporting of CHPC services and programs. To mitigate this, ACCHOs must be enabled to take charge of collecting and using meaningful data to increase self-determination and drive impactful policy and service delivery. …

Implementing A Pap Smear Tracking Tool For Increased Compliance, Meghan Marie Madea Msn, Cnm, Whnp-Bc, Katherine Ferrell Fouquier Phd, Cnm, Facnm, Bobby Bellflower Dnsc, Nnp-Bc, Faan, Faanp, Fnap

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Purpose/Background

The Papanicolaou “pap” smear screens for cervical cancer in women ages 21-65 with a cervix. Inconsistent locations for lab results lead to a decrease in provider efficiency, and patients are unaware of results or recommended follow-up. This quality improvement project implemented a tracking tool within the electronic medical record (EMR) in a busy midwifery clinic. The outcomes are the identification of patients overdue for pap smears, scheduling the procedure, recording of results, and patient notification with recommended follow-up.

Methods

A one-month chart review was performed of fifty gynecology patients within a midwifery clinic. Results of pap smears were located …

Leading Change: Clinical Coaching In The Icu, Megan Jones, Kristen Mayberry

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Purpose (What): This project aims to describe how transformational leadership by an ICU nurse leader led to the creation of the clinical coach program. This program supports and retains newly graduated nurses and experienced nurses transitioning into the ICU through collaboration with experienced preceptors.

Relevance/Significance (Why): In 2022, hospital leadership charged the ICU nurse manager with stabilizing the ICU workforce by reducing the reliance on costly temporary travel staff, a priority due to turnover during the COVID pandemic. The nurse manager, concerned about the impact of hiring many novice ICU nurses on patient safety, collaborated with experienced preceptors to develop …

Dental Fluorosis As A Biomarker Of Environmental And Regulatory Failure In Tunisia’ S Gafsa Valley, Kenzy Aldaher

Tunisia and Italy: Politics and Religious Integration in the Mediterranean

No abstract provided.

Growth Measurements In Ugandan Children With Sickle Cell Anaemia From A Hydroxyurea (Hydroxycarbamide) Treatment Trial Relative To Unaffected Sibling Controls, Dennis Kalibbala, Vincent Mboizi, Grace Nambatya, Susan Murungi, Joan Ashaba, Catherine Nabaggala, Lynnth Turyagyenda, Deogratias Munube, Phillip Kasirye, Robert Opoka

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

No abstract provided.

Salud Mental Intercultural En Un Entorno Urbano: Experiencias De Vista Mapuche Y Biomédico En La Pintana, Santiago, Jane Wu

Chile: Public Health, Traditional Medicine, and Community Empowerment

Historical migration from ancestral territories in La Araucanía has brought a large portion of the Mapuche population to Santiago, where La Pintana now hosts one of the city’s most concentrated Indigenous communities. These movements, shaped by discrimination, loss of language, and cultural displacement, have had lasting effects on mental health and identity for Mapuche residents living in an urban environment. This study asks how intercultural perspectives of healthcare influence the ways Mapuche and non-Mapuche populations navigate mental health in La Pintana. It analyzes the urban factors in La Pintana that influence mental health and the level of intercultural mental health …

A Word From The Writing Team (October 2025), Pam Walter, Mfa, Laura Deloretta, Phd

A Word From the Writing Team (Newsletter)

This issue includes:

• Publications Spotlight
• Wiley is Hosting Two Workshops
• Join us for the Launch Party of Evanescent Issue 6: Growing. Learning. Aging.
• Pam is Out of the Office until October 14^th!
• October 3rd is our First Friday Writing Retreat!

Circulation Of Respiratory Viruses From Air And Human Specimens In A Pre-Kindergarten-12th Grade School District In Kansas City, Mo, Nicole Neeley, Brian Lee, Brittney Fritschmann, Luke Gard, Nibha Sagar, Dithi Banerjee, Anjana Sasidharan, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Olivia Almendares, Hannah L. Kirking, Jennifer Goldman, Jennifer E. Schuster

Posters

Background: Air sampling with respiratory virus testing in community settings may be a potential non-invasive, scalable method to monitor respiratory viruses. We performed an ecological analysis to describe the correlation between respiratory virus detections in air and human samples across all schools to evaluate the potential for air sampling as a tool for community-level surveillance. Methods: Knowledge of Infectious Diseases in Schools (School KIDS) is a voluntary respiratory virus surveillance program in a pre-kindergarten-12th grade public school district in Kansas City, MO. In 10 schools, students and staff collected anterior nasal swabs while at school, with optional on-demand swabbing when …

Cannabis Improves Metabolic Dysfunction And Macrophage Signatures In Obese Mice, Brandon N. Vanderveen, Thomas D. Cardaci, Christian A. Unger, Mitchell M. Nesmith, Jeffrey C. Freeman, Arianna V. Bastian, Kasie Roark, Mansi Upadhyay, Andrew G. Levy, Brooke M. Bullard, Sierra J. Mcdonald, Kandy T. Velázquez, Reilly T. Enos, Jason L. Kubinak, Lorne J. Hofseth Ph.D., James Hébert Scd, Daping Fan, E. Angela Murphy

Faculty Publications

Obesity rates continue to rise, highlighting the need for new treatments that are effective, safe, and widely accessible. Aligned with the easing of restrictions on cannabis use, interest in its therapeutic potential is evolving. As such, we examined the effects of the cannabis plant with high cannabidiol (CBD) content or high Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content on metabolic and immune dysregulation in obese mice. Briefly, female C57BL/6 mice were randomized into four groups (n = 15/group): 1) lean, 2) obese placebo, 3) obese CBD, and 4) obese THC. Lean mice consumed a low-fat diet for the study …