Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

How To Change Your Major To Premedicine Or Predentistry, University Of Dayton

Pre-Health Resource Center Campus Communications

No abstract provided.

The Santa Clara, 2024-11-15, Santa Clara University

The Santa Clara

No abstract provided.

Examining Mentoring As A Catalyst For Nurse Work Engagement And Professional Development, Cherryl A Rainey

Dissertations

Abstract

Research literature has identified mentoring as a strategic intervention for employee professional development. The Business and Psychology disciplines have used mentoring widely for employee development, but it has not been used extensively in nursing.

Nursing has unique challenges and is constantly changing with a need to meet some of those needs by advancing the development of nurses to serve as leaders and fill positions due to nurse shortages and high turnover rates. Mentoring has also been identified as a vehicle to promote work engagement.

The purpose of this study was to examine mentoring as a catalyst for nurses’ professional …

Exploring Relationships Between Dating App Use And Sexual Activity Among Young Adult College Students, Jaquetta M. Reeves, Stacey B. Griner, Kaeli C. Johnson, Erick C. Jones Jr., Sylvia Shangani

Open Initiatives Grant Funded Publications-Archive

Background: University campus clinics provide crucial sexual health services to students, including STI/HIV screening, testing, contraception, and counseling. These clinics are essential for engaging young adults who may lack access to primary care or have difficulty reaching off-campus services. Dating apps are widely used by young adults, yet there is a lack of studies on how they affect sexual practices. This study aimed to evaluate the use of dating apps, engagement in condomless sexual activity, and the prevalence of STIs among young adult college students in Northern Texas.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from August to December 2022 among …

Personality Feedback With Tailored Self-Care Recommendations Improves Self-Efficacy For Cancer Management: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Laura M. Perry, Brenna Mossman, Sofia F. Garcia, Sheetal M. Kircher, Addison Dunn, Sarah Alonzi, Sanjana Easwar, Michael Hoerger

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objective: To test whether a personality feedback intervention improves three domains of cancer self-management: self-awareness, self-efficacy, and positive affect. Methods: From 11/2020-02/2021, 372 adults diagnosed with cancer participated in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of an intervention that entailed reading a brief personality-related excerpt during an online survey. Eligibility included self-reported age ≥ 18 years, current or past cancer diagnosis, and ability to read English. The survey included a baseline assessment with a personality questionnaire, then randomized participants to one of two groups. The intervention group (n = 184) received a personality feedback report with tailored self-care tips, whereas the …

Gastrointestinal Ischemia In The Horse: Preoperative Detection And Surgical Intervention, Michael P. St. Blanc

LSU Master's Theses

The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of calprotectin, a protein released by activated leukocytes during inflammation, in the detection of gastrointestinal ischemia in horses with signs of abdominal pain (colic). Additionally, one-layer end-to-end anastomoses of the descending colon were critically evaluated in comparison to two-layer closures. For the calprotectin portion of the study, samples were obtained from ten control horses and nineteen clinical cases assigned to three treatment groups (non-strangulating, strangulating small intestinal, or strangulating large intestinal lesions). Objective data was collected from each patient, and calprotectin concentration in serum and peritoneal fluid was determined using …

Real-World Effectiveness Of Cgrp Antagonists In Patients With Migraine And Cluster Headache: A Study Protocol, Suraj Malhan, Do/Ms, Areeba Nisar, Md, Shreya Ghosh, Bs, Victor Wang, Md, Nicole Spare, Do, Michael Marmura, Md, Hsiangkuo Yuan, Md, Phd

Department of Jefferson Headache Center Papers and Presentations

Background

Scientific Gap

Despite FDA approval of CGRP antagonists (gepant) in 2019, their realworld effectiveness and utilization patterns remain underexplored.

Study Objectives

- Evaluate the real-world usage and effectiveness of gepants for headache treatment based on survey responses.

- Assess patient-reported outcomes regarding acute and preventative average monthly use of gepants among current and past users.

• Preventative: Average monthly reduction in headache days, intensity, and daily functioning (>50% significant, <50% moderate, or no change).
• Acute: Consistency scaled as "never" to "always" of pain reduction, pain freedom, and function restoration at 2 hours; pain freedom at 24 hours.

- Identify any adverse effects with gepant …

Tumor-Infiltrating Mast Cells Confer Resistance To Immunotherapy In Pancreatic Cancer, Ying Ma, Xiangqin Zhao, Jingyan Feng, Suimin Qiu, Baoan Ji, Lu Huang, Patrick Hwu, Craig D Logsdon, Huamin Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) exhibits an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) contributing to its therapeutic resistance. Following our previous studies, we report that mast cells infiltrating the PDAC TME foster this immunosuppression and desmoplasia. Mast cell infiltration correlated with human PDAC progression, and genetic or pharmacological mast cell depletion reduced tumor growth and desmoplasia while enhancing survival in mouse PDAC models. Mechanistically, mast cell-derived IL-10 promoted PDAC progression. Strikingly, combining an agonistic anti-OX40 immunotherapy with mast cell blockade synergistically elicited durable anti-tumor immunity, marked by increased infiltration of CD8

Life Course Stressors, Latent Coping Strategies, Alcohol Use, And Adherence Among People With Hiv, Amrita Gill, Gretchen Clum, Patricia Molina, David Welsh, Tekeda Ferguson, Katherine P. Theall

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

People with HIV (PWH) have often experienced chronic stressors across their lifespan, including adverse childhood experiences (ACES), lifetime economic hardship (LEH), and concurrent stressors associated with living in urban areas (urban stress). Prolonged exposure to stressors might result in differential coping patterns among PWH that can impact care trajectories. We utilized a life course-informed approach to examine chronic stressors as antecedents of latent coping strategies among PWH in care. High-risk alcohol use and non-adherence to anti-retroviral therapy (ART) were examined as consequences of latent coping strategies. Data were utilized from the baseline and interim follow-up visit of the New Orleans …

Acute Stress Activates Basolateral Amygdala Neurons Expressing Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Type 1 (Crhr1): Topographical Distribution And Projection-Specific Activation In Male And Female Rats, Robert J. Aukema, Gavin N. Petrie, Samantha L. Baglot, Nicholas W. Gilpin, Matthew N. Hill

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Although the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and corticotropin releasing hormone receptor type I (CRHR1) signaling are both central to the stress response, the spatial and circuit-specific distribution of CRHR1 have not been identified in the BLA at a high resolution. We used transgenic male and female CRHR1-Cre-tdTomato rats to topographically map the distribution of BLA neurons and identify whether they are activated by acute stress. Additionally, we used the BLA circuits projecting to the central amygdala (CeA) and nucleus accumbens (NAc) as a model to test circuit-specific expression of CRHR1 in the BLA. We established several key findings. First, CRHR1 had …

Something Is Rotten In The State Of Healthcare: Accountability, Affordability, And The Court Of Public Opinion, Isabelle Breier

Duke Law & Technology Review

Many countries worldwide recognize a right to health and provide legal recourse for securing that right. By contrast, for many Americans, there is no legal right or remedy that enables them to access healthcare if they cannot afford it. While there are some statutes and measures in place, such as the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) and Medicaid, coverage remains piecemeal and access to healthcare is not guaranteed. Conditioning people’s access to healthcare upon their ability to pay violates the foundational bioethical principle of justice. In the United States, individuals and advocates use social media to fill …

Children In Psychiatric Crises, Elizabeth Mcgarvey, Gabriella Demeo, Jasmine Clark, Carrie Ribbing, Paige Hameister, Sally Hannafon

Nursing Research and EBP Day 2024

Mental illness in children is on the rise and more children are becoming psychiatric boarders while awaiting treatment. Many hospitals lack a separate area to board children in psychiatric crisis who can’t be discharged to home which means that children are housed in the same unit as adult psychiatric patients. This EBP project sought to identify best practices for children experiencing a mental health crisis, but a more thorough review of the literature as well as an evidence synthesis needs to be completed before practice recommendations can be identified.

Decreasing Workplace Violence In Ambulatory Care, Jeanene Case, Christine Cook, Nicole Gemme, Rebecca Hass, Taylor Mikiewicz, Lynn Paladino, Erin Parkinson, Maydelin Reve Padilla, Amanda Thongsirimonghoun, Carolyn Vojtush

Nursing Research and EBP Day 2024

Workplace violence is recognized as a significant public health issue. Staff in ambulatory settings are at high risk for experiencing violence from patients or clinic visitors. Exposure to workplace violence may put staff at risk for depression, chronic fatigue, or poor job satisfaction. Developing a safety plan that incorporates organizational policy, staff training, environmental changes and debriefing may help reduce the risk of workplace violence.

Centralized Triage: Working Together To Improve Patient Safety, Quality And Satisfaction - A Focus On Improving Average Speed To Answer, Maria Larner, Tammy Palamitia, Nora Closser, Heather Waske

Nursing Research and EBP Day 2024

The speed in which triage calls are answered affects patient access to care. After addressing workflows and barriers through huddles and team meetings, this quality improvement project adjusted staff schedules, partnered with Access Coordinators, and utilized the Genesys team to streamline calls and monitor call volume, quality and safety.

Results from these initiatives substantially reduced the average speed to answer for both inbound and outbound queues. The team will continue to monitor the data and capture trends in volume to ensure we sustain the gains.

Improving Incidence Of Hospital Acquired Pressure Injuries, Dena Chapman, Melissa Combs, Heather Lewis, Amanda Spamer, Gracie Young, Hope Van Duyne, Brandon Sproul, Sarah Stripp, Bethany Surline

Nursing Research and EBP Day 2024

Pressure injuries remain a huge concern in both the acute and long term care settings worldwide. It is estimated that nearly 2.5 million people are affected each year by a pressure injury. They contribute to higher costs for care, decrease patient’s quality of life and can increase morbidity and mortality.

This project implemented the use of rounding by both skin care champions and nurse residents for high risk patients, while leadership utilized huddles to reinforce appropriate interventions. Turning and positioning every two hours was endorsed as was daily bathing for patients at high risk for developing pressure injuries.

Family Presence During Resuscitation Efforts, Gabrielle Gavin, Marissa Pecora, Gabrielle Narvaez, Kalpana Rai, Matthew Mendolera, Leanne Coon, Bailey Oldham, Olivia Pino

Nursing Research and EBP Day 2024

Family presence during resuscitation enables family members to be present during the resuscitation efforts of a loved one. The focus of this process is to provide support to the patient and their family, while also providing transparency and trust in the medical process and personnel.

The purpose of this project was to identify the impact on family members of witnessing life saving measures on their loved one.

Roadmap To Address Nursing Recruitment And Retention In Ambulatory Care, Susan Madison, Tiffany Smith

Nursing Research and EBP Day 2024

As hospital stays shorten, ambulatory care must expand to meet the increased patient acuity and need for care. Ambulatory care is the entry point for care delivery and the initiator of disease management and wellness (Ulrich, 2019). The ambulatory care system of Rochester Regional Health includes 400 registered nurses, and 600 licensed practical nurses with a nursing turnover rate of 18.75%.

By leveraging technology and innovation in program development, ambulatory-specific programs have been implemented to target nursing staff recruitment and retention, resulting in a 4% decrease in ambulatory nurse turnover rates.

Nurses Busting Burnout: How Self Care Programs Support Nurse Well-Being, Lenard Fernandez, Marguerite Loughrey, Andrea Cooley, Ashley Dilimone, Mariah Luce, Gabriella Rindell

Nursing Research and EBP Day 2024

Nurses working in acute care suffer from high levels of stress, burnout and turnover. Our question: For acute care nurses, what is the effect of self-care program versus no program on moral resilience? A literature review was conducted and results showed that when education on group-based wellness practices was provided, there was increased job satisfaction, moral resilience, and problem solving ability. There were decreases in feelings of burnout, and improved work/life balance. Some studies demonstrated an increase in patient satisfaction. Within Rochester Regional Health, it may not be too difficult to implement group based programs and coaching services.

12-Hour Shifts: Heaven Or Hell?, Amy Bontrager, Mary Caprio, Lakysha Grant, Seth Kibler, Savanah Wirth, Sarah Reynolds

Nursing Research and EBP Day 2024

In many hospital settings, the 12-hour shift is the standard. While it may be better for continuity of patient care, many studies have looked at the effect it has on nurses as well as patient safety. This project identified themes in the literature and while it couldn’t see a precise path forward, flexible scheduling may be looming just over the horizon.

Nurse Navigation Supports Implementation Of Guideline Based Care, Michelle Ferguson, Uzma Iqbal, Alyssa Pino

Nursing Research and EBP Day 2024

The European Society of Cardiology has developed guidelines aimed at identifying and mitigating risk for cardio-oncology events in oncology patients. Cardiovascular risk factors, cancer type and therapeutic regimen present unique treatment considerations requiring individualized risk assessment. Use of a nurse navigator to initiate triage with pre-visit testing and to coordinate care with the provider ensures patients receive timely treatment.

State Of Science Literature Review: The Effect Nutrition Has On Wound Healing, Alicia M. Grandy

Nursing Research and EBP Day 2024

Objectives:

• State the steps necessary to conduct a comprehensive review of the literature
• Utilize available resources/tools when conducting a literature search

The Effect Of Interruptions In Surgical Counts, Jaidin Degraw, Brooke Gisel

Nursing Research and EBP Day 2024

Retained surgical items can lead to patient frustration and prolonged hospital stays. They remain the top reason for reoperation despite the tools that are used to maintain accurate counts. Minimizing disruptions and distractions in the operating room may be one way to assist circulating nurses in obtaining correct and consistent counts.

Flexible Work Schedules To Promote Leader Wellbeing Ambulatory Care Nursing Leadership, Elizabeth Carreira, Rebecca Hall, Rebecca Dellafave

Nursing Research and EBP Day 2024

Nursing leaders in ambulatory care may experience high levels of work-related stress and dissatisfaction with the number of hours they were working, and this dissatisfaction may result in higher turnover among nursing leadership.

The purpose of this evidence-based practice project was to develop a flexible scheduling option for nursing leaders practicing in ambulatory care at Rochester Regional Health to promote leader wellbeing and role satisfaction.

Results indicated that leadership satisfaction with their role and the amount of time spent working with nursing staff increased. Perceptions of work-life balance improved as did their interprofessional relationships. A decrease in the average number …

Morale Wednesday, Sadie Bonetti, Christen Ballard, Desiree Dixon, Casey Legros, Danielle Pickney, Meghan Camp, Alyson Harp, Jonathan Ferrer, Catie Wood, Melissa Combs, Heather Lewis, Dena Chapman

Nursing Research and EBP Day 2024

Many factors lead to low nurse satisfaction and poor morale. Some of the factors identified in the literature include organizational culture, burnout, staff shortages, and lack of leadership support. Nurses who are not satisfied at work may become less engaged and may be more likely to leave the organization

This project implemented manager rounding, break buddies, staff snack sharing and encouraged intentional recognition of peers.

Teaching Sbirt To Nurses In A Mental Health Setting For Improved Assessment And Management Of Patients With Substance Use Disorders, Kifle Gashie Jikamo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Addressing the knowledge gap is essential in nursing practice, as RNs are the first point of contact for patients in mental health settings where substance use significantly influences overall health and recovery. This Doctor of Nursing Practice project focused on the need for staff education in an inpatient mental health unit regarding the assessment and triage of patients with substance use disorders (SUDs). The guiding question for this project was: “In nurses working within an inpatient mental health setting, does the implementation of Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) training improve knowledge in assessing, managing, and providing care …

Optimization Processes Of Clinical Chelation-Based Radiopharmaceuticals For Pathway-Directed Targeted Radionuclide Therapy In Oncology, Katsumi Tomiyoshi, Lydia J. Wilson, Firas Mourtada, Jennifer Sims Mourtada, Yuta Namiki, Wataru Kamata, David J. Yang, Tomio Inoue

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) for internal pathway-directed treatment is a game changer for precision medicine. TRT improves tumor control while minimizing damage to healthy tissue and extends the survival for patients with cancer. The application of theranostic-paired TRT along with cellular phenotype and genotype correlative analysis has the potential for malignant disease management. Chelation chemistry is essential for the development of theranostic-paired radiopharmaceuticals for TRT. Among image-guided TRT,

The Impact Of Diabetes Mellitus On Hiv Virologic Control: Results Of The Macs/Wihs Combined Cohort Study, Sarah C Mann, Weiqun Tong, Alison G Abraham, Frank Palella, Anjali Sharma, Phyllis C Tien, Margaret A Fischl, Samy I Mcfarlane, Cecile D Lahiri, Susan Koletar, Daniel Merenstein, Michelle Floris-Moore, Jordan E Lake, Elizabeth Daubert, Aubri Hickman, Todd T Brown, Jose Castillo-Mancilla

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with lower antiretroviral (ART) drug exposure among persons with HIV (PWH) compared to PWH without DM. The association between DM and virologic control in PWH, however, remains unknown.

Methods: We included participants in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study/Women's Interagency HIV Study Combined Cohort Study (MWCCS) who had initiated ART between 1999 and 2020 and had a suppressed HIV viral load (≤200 copies/ml) within 1 year of ART initiation. We compared the frequency of incident HIV viremia (HIV-1 RNA >200 copies/ml) between adult PWH with and without DM. Poisson regression was used to examine the …

Association Of Clonal Hematopoiesis And Mosaic Chromosomal Alterations With Solid Malignancy Incidence And Mortality, Pinkal Desai, Ying Zhou, Justin Grenet, Samuel K Handelman, Cynthia M Crispino, Laura N Tarbay, Eric A Whitsel, Gail Roboz, Ana Barac, Michael Honigberg, Alexander Bick, Garnet Anderson, Jean Wactawski-Wende, Yasminka A Jakubek Swartzlander, Jason Bacon, Justin Wong, Xiaolong Ma, Paul Scheet, Zichan Li, Pashtoon Kasi, Ross Prentice, Paul Auer, Joann E Manson, Alexander Reiner, Michael Simon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Understanding the impact of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) and mosaic chromosomal alterations (mCAs) on solid tumor risk and mortality can shed light on novel cancer pathways.

Methods: The authors analyzed whole genome sequencing data from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine Women's Health Initiative study (n = 10,866). They investigated the presence of CHIP and mCA and their association with the development and mortality of breast, lung, and colorectal cancers.

Results: CHIP was associated with higher risk of breast (hazard ratio [HR], 1.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.64; p = .02) but not colorectal (p = .77) or …

Disease Site Specialization In The Academic Radiation Oncology Workforce: Evidence Of Gender Differences, Kelsey L Corrigan, Mikaela E Bankston, Emma B Holliday, Simona F Shaitelman, Anna Lee, Chelain R Goodman, C David Fuller, Fumiko L Chino, Charles R Thomas, Reshma Jagsi, Ethan B Ludmir

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Because some stakeholders within medicine seek to diversify and attain greater workforce equity, it is critical to understand gender-based divisions within specialization. Radiation oncology (RO) has one of the smallest proportions of women representation of all specialties, and to our knowledge, no prior studies have investigated gender differences in all the disease site specializations within RO. Thus, we analyzed the relationship between gender and disease site(s) treated in academic RO (ARO).

Methods and materials: Faculty gender and disease site(s) treated by faculty from ARO departments were collected via publicly available department websites in January 2020. X2 analyses were conducted …

Outcomes Of Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia And Bone Marrow Fibrosis, Samuel Urrutia, Hagop M Kantarjian, Farhad Ravandi-Kashani, Carlos Bueso-Ramos, Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna, Elias Jabbour, Guillermo Montalban-Bravo, Nicholas J Short, Naval Daver, Gautam Borthakur, Courtney D Dinardo, Tapan M Kadia, Lucia Masarova, Prithviraj Bose, Naveen Pemmaraju, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Koji Sasaki

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The outcomes of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and bone marrow fibrosis (MF) are not well defined. The study objectives were to evaluate the degrees of MF in AML, and corresponding response rates and outcomes. We performed a retrospective review of 2302 patients with AML. We annotated the clinical and molecular characteristics, response to therapy, and survival outcomes of patients with bone marrow fibrosis. Overall, 492 patients (21.4%) had a reported microscopic evaluation of MF: 344 (69.9%) had MF grade 0-1 and 148 (30.1%) had MF grade 2-3. Patients with MF 2-3 had a higher proportion of complex cytogenetics …