Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Cimex (Bedbug) Infestations In France: A Call For Action, Wael Hafez, Waleed Farouk Mohamed, Feras Al-Obeidat, Sarya Swed, Hidar Alibrahim, Haidara Bohsas, Bisher Sawaf, Asrar Rashid, Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales

All Works

No abstract provided.

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Slope And Risk Of Primary And Secondary Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events And Heart Failure Hospitalization In People With Type 2 Diabetes: An Analysis Of The Exscel Trial, Abderrahim Oulhaj, Faisal Aziz, Abubaker Suliman, Kathrin Eller, Rachid Bentoumi, John B. Buse, Wael Al Mahmeed, Dirk Von Lewinski, Ruth L. Coleman, Rury R. Holman, Harald Sourij

All Works

Aim: The decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), a significant predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD), occurs heterogeneously in people with diabetes because of various risk factors. We investigated the role of eGFR decline in predicting CVD events in people with type 2 diabetes in both primary and secondary CVD prevention settings. Materials and Methods: Bayesian joint modelling of repeated measures of eGFR and time to CVD event was applied to the Exenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering (EXSCEL) trial to examine the association between the eGFR slope and the incidence of major adverse CV event/hospitalization for heart failure (MACE/hHF) …

Addressing Empty Space Myopia To Enable Deep Space Travel With Extended Reality Auditory Biofeedback, Ethan Waisberg, Joshua Ong, Nasif Zaman, Phani Paladugu, Sharif Amit Kamran, Bruce Markovitz, Andrew G. Lee, Alireza Tavakkoli

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Empty space myopia is a phenomenon that has been observed in pilots when flying in the open sky. Previous research has been conducted to develop training biofeedback devices to help pilot visual accommodation in empty skies. During future long-duration spaceflight, astronauts may also experience empty space myopia due to prolonged periods of time in vast space. Extended reality is a relatively novel technology that has emerged as a powerful tool for tracking ocular movements. Extended reality with auditory feedback may serve as a low-cost, easily applicable method to improve ciliary muscle control and vision during long-duration spaceflight to combat empty …

Activity Levels Across The Intensity Spectrum In Athletes: A Systematic Review Protocol, Jacob J. Capin, Jena Heck Street, Alissa V. Fial, Nicola D. Ridgers, Grant R. Tomkinson

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Physical activity (PA) promotes better cardiometabolic health, physical function, brain health and longevity. In contrast, prolonged sedentary behaviour (SB) is a risk factor for many chronic diseases and poor health. Limited research has evaluated or synthesised how competitive sports participation influences PA across the lifespan. Some evidence suggests, ironically, that former competitive athletes may be insufficiently active and current athletes may be highly sedentary away from sport. This study describes the protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis on activity levels across the intensity spectrum in athletes, addressing the primary research question: is sports participation significantly associated with PA and/or …

Association Of Pulmonary Artery Pressures With Mortality In Adults With Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, Seshika Ratwatte, Simon Stewart, Geoff Strange, David Playford, David Celermajer

IHR Papers and Journal Articles

Background

The independent effect of pulmonary hypertension (PHT) severity on mortality in those with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is not well known.

Objectives

The authors aimed to examine the prognostic impact of increasingly elevated pulmonary pressures in a large clinical cohort of adults with reduced LVEF.

Methods

The authors analyzed data from the National Echocardiography Database of Australia, a large clinical registry linking routine echocardiographic investigations to mortality. In 23,675 adults with a recorded tricuspid regurgitation peak velocity (TRV) and reduced LVEF (<50%), the authors evaluated the relationship between conventional thresholds of increasing risk of PHT and mortality during median follow-up of 2.9 years (Q1-Q3: 1.0-5.4 years).

Results

Mean age was 70 ± 15 years, and 7,498 (31.7%) individuals were female. Overall, …

Rragd-Associated Autosomal Dominant Kidney Hypomagnesemia With Cardiomyopathy: A Review On The Clinical Manifestations And Therapeutic Options, Francesco Trepiccione, Irene Sambri, Barbara Ruggiero, Francesco Emma, Andrea Ballabio, Giulia Florio, Ines Vanderheyden, Anna Iervolino, François Jouret

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Background: A hereditary condition primarily affecting the kidneys and heart has newly been identified: the RRAGD-associated autosomal dominant kidney hypomagnesemia with cardiomyopathy (ADKH-RRAGD). This disorder is characterized by renal loss of magnesium and potassium, coupled with varying degrees of cardiac dysfunction. These range from arrhythmias to severe dilated cardiomyopathy, which may require heart transplantation. Mutations associated with RRAGD significantly disrupt the non-canonical branch of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 pathway. This disruption hinders the nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of the transcription factor EB a crucial regulator of lysosomal and autophagic function.

Summary: All identified RRAGD variants compromise …

Immunohistochemical Analysis Of Dentigerous Cysts And Odontogenic Keratocysts Associated With Impacted Third Molars—A Systematic Review, Luis Eduardo Almeida, David Lloyd, Daniel Boettcher, Olivia Kraft, Samuel Zammuto

School of Dentistry Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: This systematic review investigates the diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications of immunohistochemical markers in dentigerous cysts (DCs) and odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) associated with impacted third molars.

Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search strategy was employed across major databases including MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science, from the inception of the databases to March 2024. Keywords and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms such as “dentigerous cysts”, “odontogenic keratocysts”, “immunohistochemistry”, “Ki-67”, and “p53” were used. The PRISMA 2020 guidelines were followed to ensure methodological rigor. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies on humans and animals providing definitive diagnoses or specific signs and symptoms …

Invasion Of Superbugs: Cockroach-Driven Outbreak Of Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacter In An Icu, Jennifer Hanrahan, Nicholas Schouten, Steven H. Fyffe, Annette Jencson, Stephanie Stroever

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objective: To describe factors in an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Enterobacter cloacae (MRE) in an intensive care unit (ICU) over a 20-month period including the likely contribution of cockroaches to the outbreak.

Design: This is a retrospective descriptive study.

Setting: ICU in an urban hospital.

Patients: All patients admitted to the ICU during the 20-month outbreak period were included in the study.

Interventions: Infection prevention interventions included contact isolation, hand hygiene, dedicated patient equipment, environmental cultures, and pest control.

Results: 25 patients were identified as being colonized or infected with MRE. Relatedness of the outbreak strain and strains found in cockroaches …

A Scoping Review Of Population Diversity In The Common Genomic Aberrations Of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma, Sean S. Kumar, Ninad Khandekar, Komal Dani, Saina R. Bhatt, Vinay Duddalwar, Anishka D'Souza

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: Previous literature has shown that clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is becoming a more prevalent diagnosis and that the incidence and mortality differ both regionally and racially. While the molecular profiles for ccRCC are studied regionally through biopsy and sequencing techniques, the genomic landscape and ccRCC diversity data are not well-studied. We conducted a review of the known genomic data on 6 of the most clinically relevant DNA biomarkers in ccRCC: Von Hippel-Landau (vHL), Polybromo-1 (PBRM1), Breast Cancer Gene 1-Associated Protein 1 (BAP1), Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase Domain-Containing 2 (SETD2), Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), and Lysine-Specific Demethylase 5C (KDM5C). …

Antiangiogenic Therapy Combined With Immune Checkpoint Blockade In Urothelial Cancer: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Mohammad Jad Moussa, Iuliia Kovalenko, Emanuele Crupi, Ekaterina Proskuriakova, Yimin Geng, Giuseppe Fallara, Raed Benkhadra, Daniele Raggi, Matthew T. Campbell, Pavlos Msaouel, Omar Alhalabi

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Antiangiogenic therapy had been tested in urothelial cancer (UC) without reaching the clinic.

Objective: We provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of trials to assess efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) combined with antiangiogenic agents in UC.

Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, we searched for trials with at least one arm of patients with UC treated with ICI plus antiangiogenics. Data were analyzed with the "meta" package from R using a one-staged frequentist meta-analysis.

Results: After screening 13,708 titles and abstracts, 9 studies were selected for analysis with 14 identified cohorts comprising 621 patients: 448 were ICI-naïve (ICI-N) and 173 …

Exposure To Low (10 Cgy) Doses Of ⁴He Ions Leads To An Apparent Increase In Risk Taking Propensity In Female Rats, Nina Li, Simran Phuyal, Elliot Smits, Faith E. Reid, Ella N. Tamgue, Paola Alvarado Arriaga, Richard A. Britten

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

The planned missions to the Moon and Mars will present more significant health challenges to astronauts compared to low earth orbit missions. During deep space missions, astronauts will be constantly exposed to Space radiation (SR). Multiple rodent studies suggest that < 25 cGy of SR impairs performance in executive functions, which play a key role in advanced cognitive processes, but also regulate response inhibition and impulse control. There is the possibility that SR exposure may exacerbate aberrant behaviors evoked by psychological stress related to exposure to isolated and confined (ICE) hostile environment or independently induce additional aberrant behaviors. This study has determined that female Wistar rats exposed to 10 cGy of 250 MeV/n He had an increased risk taking propensity (RTP)\compared to shams. The increased RTP of the He-exposed rats was associated with significantly increased reaction times during the trials, suggesting a SR-induced loss of processing speed. The response times of the He-exposed rats were even further reduced in trials that immediately followed a loss, raising the possibility that conflict and interference avoidance may be impaired after SR exposure. Whether these findings occur following other types of SR exposure, and/or in male rats remains to be determined.

I Am A Man: Understanding Black Male Identity And Mental Health Needs, Rommel Johnson

School of Rehabilitation Services & Counseling Faculty Publications

Despite the historical and perpetual trauma, racism, discrimination, socio-economical, and socio-political disparities they have experienced in the United States, Black men have consistently forged ways to demonstrate resilience and assert their own sense of autonomy and masculinity. Nevertheless, their ecological context of living in a country that has historically sought to dehumanize them and eradicate their manhood is cumbersome to their mental wellbeing. Furthermore, the tendency by researchers to pathologize Black males obfuscates the reality of their situation in the United States, minimizing their mental needs. Understanding both the complexity of their ecological context as well as their adaptability and …

Mental Health In College Students: Efficacy Of A Telehealth-Delivered Occupational Therapy Program, Amy Marie Nelson

Dissertations and Theses

The number of college students in the United States struggling with mental health issues has increased tremendously over the past decade. Specifically, undergraduate students report stress and anxiety as significant inhibitors to academic performance. Colleges are investing resources to combat this problem, but increased counseling services are insufficient. Novel approaches beyond traditional college counseling services are recommended. Occupational therapy, not traditionally offered on most college campuses, may be one solution. A few occupational therapy programs exist on college campuses, but there is limited evidence of their efficacy, and most lack solid theoretical underpinnings. More evidence is needed on the effectiveness …

Chestfeeding For Lactating People Living With Hiv., Bailey White, Bryce Ringwald, Emily Gorman

Women’s Health Articles

No abstract provided.

Athletic Trainer's Perceptions Of And Experiences With Professional Development Approaches For Enhancing Clinical Documentation, Sarah L. Nottingham, Tricia M. Kasamatsu, Julie M. Cavallario, Cailee E. Welch Bacon

Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

Context

Little is known about how athletic trainers (ATs) learn clinical documentation, but previous studies have identified that ATs have a need for more educational resources specific to documentation.

Objective

To obtain ATs' perspectives on learning clinical documentation.

Design

Qualitative study.

Setting

Web-based audio interviews.

Patients or Other Participants

Twenty-nine ATs who completed 2 different continuing education (CE) clinical documentation modules. Participants averaged 36.2 ± 9.0 years of age and included 16 women and 13 men representing 21 US states and 8 clinical practice settings.

Data Collection and Analysis

Participants were recruited from a group of ATs who completed 1 …

An Objective Assessment Of Neuromotor Control Using A Smartphone App After Repeated Subconcussive Blast Exposure, Charlend K. Howard, Masahiro Yamada, Marcia Dovel, Rie Leverett, Alexander Hill, Kenneth A. Manlapaz, David O. Keyser, Rene S. Hernandez, Sheilah S. Rowe, Walter S. Carr, Michael S. Roy, Christopher K. Rhea

Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

Subconcussive blast exposure has been shown to alter neurological functioning. However, the extent to which neurological dysfunction persists after blast exposure is unknown. This longitudinal study examined the potential short- and long-term effects of repeated subconcussive blast exposure on neuromotor performance from heavy weapons training in military personnel. A total of 214 participants were assessed; 137 were exposed to repeated subconcussive blasts and 77 were not exposed to blasts (controls). Participants completed a short stepping-in-place task while an Android smartphone app placed on their thigh recorded movement kinematics. We showed acute suppression of neuromotor variability 6 h after subconcussive blast …

A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study Of Select Cognitive Functions In Adolescent Medical Students Engaged In Physical Activities And Video Gaming, Mohammed Suhail Tazeem, Arul Saravanan Ramachandran, Ashma A Latiff

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background: This study was conducted to compare the performance of cognitive function tests among adolescent students involved in physical activities, video-gaming, and board-gaming groups.

Methods: A cohort of 300 participants (150 males and 150 females) were included in the study. The participants were divided into 3 groups (50 boys and 50 girls each) who were engaged regularly in physical activity, video gaming activity and board gaming activity respectively. The participants of all the groups were tested on selected neurocognitive tests from Wechsler Memory Scale – III (WMS – III) and NIMHANS Neuropsychological Battery. After acquiring baseline data, they were instructed …

Prevalence And Patterns Of Cardiovascular Risk Factors In Young Hypertensive Patients, *Raghu V S R Tanuku Dr., Major Venkata Shree Krishna Dr., Sreedhar Tanuku Dr

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Hypertension ranks among the top ten causes of mortality, with around 4% attributed to hypertensive complications. High salt intake, Type 2 diabetes, smoking, elevated serum lipids, a sedentary lifestyle, a diet heavy in saturated fat, genetic predisposition, as well as stress are among the factors that contribute to hypertension. Hypertension affects about 1 billion people worldwide, with considerable differences between populations and ethnic groups [2]. The Framingham Heart Study indicates that a person's lifetime risk of developing hypertension is 90% if they are normotensive at age 55. According to the NHANES IV (4th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey), the …

– Foreign Body Ingestion In Children(<12 Years) At A Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Cohort Study Studying Role Of Socioeconomic Status And Parental Supervision., Khyati Gupta, Gargi Rekhawar, Anisha Jain, Vishal D. Sawant, Sushma Save

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background- Foreign body ingestion is a long-standing problem concerning pediatric population. We aim to evaluate the correlation between the median time interval between ingestion of foreign body and arrival to the hospital with socioeconomic factors, effect of parental supervision and number of children in the family. We also aim to find out the deciding factors for proper selection of method of removal of ingested foreign bodies.

Methods- The data was collected from patient’s admission files, medical and endoscopic records. Chi-square test was used to calculate the corelation of time since ingestion with the socioeconomic status of family, method of removal …

“The Study Of Correlation Of Diet Pattern And Anemia In Pregnant Women In A Tertiary Care Hospital In Mysuru-A Prospective Study”, Soniya Pal, Dr Mamatha S Professor And Head Of The Department, Shiva S Dr, Anupama Marnal B A Dr

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

No abstract provided.

A Rare Case Of Cold Agglutination Syndrome Secondary To Mycoplasma Pneumoniae, Dr.Disha Shahri, Dr. Srinath K. M, Dr. Basava Chethan, Dr. Savitha Vijayakumar, Dr. Meghna B.S.

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is one of the foremost causes of community acquired pneumonia. Most of the cases are, however mild. Although, complications may seldom occur. One such known complication of M. pneumoniae infection is cold agglutinin hemolysis, which is usually benign and transient. This hemolysis is due to formation of cold agglutinins during the course of infection. Cold Agglutination Syndrome (CAS) is a type of acquired Autoimmune Hemolytic Anaemia (AIHA), which exists due to an underlying disorder, like a viral illness or lymohoid malignancy. It is generally self-remitting, in contrast to Cold Agglutination Disease (CAD), which is a chronic …

Assessing Discharge Knowledge For Caregivers Of Newborn (Using Video Discharge Instructions As An Adjunct To Standard Written Instructions) In Covid Period – A Randomized Controlled Trial, Jayesh Yadav, Khyati Gupta, Vishal D. Sawant

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background: Studies have demonstrated that caregivers of newborn frequently face challenges in comprehending the instructions provided to them upon discharge. Video discharge instructions provide a clear and concise message and can potentially alleviate factors which have an impact on comprehension of caregivers like illiteracy, communication barriers and limited physician time. We aim to assess the impact of incorporating video-based discharge instructions on caregivers' comprehension of newborn care and post-discharge follow-up, specifically in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Caregivers of newborn in the COVID times were randomized into written only and written with video discharge instruction groups; …

Comparison Of Empathy And Compassion Fatigue Among Mental Health And Non-Mental Health Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study, Fathima Fiza K T, Anil Kakunje, Ashwini Dinkar

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Background:

Empathy refers to the ability to understand and comprehend others' thoughts and emotions as if it's their own, evoked by witnessing and connecting to the other person’s emotional state. Compassion fatigue, a consequence of an empathetic reaction, is the mental and physical tiredness resulting from being a witness to the suffering of others. It can result in negative consequences ultimately affecting the quality of treatment. The purpose of the study was to compare the level of empathy and compassion fatigue among mental health, and non-mental health professionals.

Methods

A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted over one year using 88 …

A Previous Thyroidectomy- The Culprit Of Laryngospasm Several Years On!, Vyshnavi Sriram, Ashwini N, Chillara Meena

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Laryngospasm is the sustained closure of the vocal cords resulting in partial or complete loss of airway patency. Among the several causes of laryngospasm, history of total thyroidectomy performed several years back, though reported, is a rare occurrence. We present here the case report of a lady with an uneventful intra operative course of a laparoscopic cholecystectomy who developed stridor and laryngospasm in the immediate post operative period. Evaluation revealed unilateral vocal cord palsy and hypocalcemia. Compensated unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy and asymptomatic hypocalcemia can exist in patients who have undergone total thyroidectomy and can result in stridor several …

Tuberculous Myositis In The Leg Musculature, Tho Nguyen, Md

Books, Presentations, Posters, Etc.

Introduction - The majority of active Mycobacterium tuberculosis cases are pulmonary, but extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) can account for up to 30% of active cases. Cases of tuberculosis myositis are rare and account for less than three percent of active cases and diagnosis is often delayed due to its rarity. We present a case of TB myositis and discuss the difficulties in diagnosis Case - Patient is an 82-year-old Vietnamese speaking female with hypertension and hyperlipidemia who presented for acute onset of nausea and vomiting in setting of three-month history of recurrent left lower extremity (LLE) swelling without systemic symptoms such …

The Impact Of Telehealth-Based Behavioral Lifestyle Program On Hypertension Control In African American Participants: Results From The Heals Med-Tech Randomized Controlled Trial, Sunita Dodani Dodani, Amanda Clarke, Ismail El Moudden, Tharidu Gunawardena, Navdhit Bedi

Department of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: The HEALS Med-Tech program offers a unique blend of lifestyle changes and technology to improve hypertension (HTN) management in African Americans (AAs), a group disproportionately affected by cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods: A randomized controlled trial compared HEALS Med-Tech against usual care for uncontrolled hypertension in AAs, focusing on diet, medication adherence, and telehealth.

Results: In a study of 61 participants, HEALS Med-Tech significantly reduced systolic blood pressure by 12.95 mm Hg (p = 0.008) and 9.19 mm Hg (p = 0.013) at 3 and 12 months, respectively, demonstrating improved hypertension control.

Conclusions: HEALS Med-Tech demonstrates potential in HTN management …

Identification And Characterization Of Two Novel Kcnh2 Mutations Contributing To Long Qt Syndrome, Anthony Owusu-Mensah, Jacqueline Treat, Joyce Bernardi, Ryan Pfeiffer, Robert Goodrow, Bright Tsevi, Victoria Lam, Michel Audette, Jonathan M. Cordeiro, Makarand Deo

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

We identified two different inherited mutations in KCNH2 gene, or human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG), which are linked to Long QT Syndrome. The first mutation was in a 1-day-old infant, whereas the second was in a 14-year-old girl. The two KCNH2 mutations were transiently transfected into either human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells or human induced pluripotent stem-cell derived cardiomyocytes. We performed associated multiscale computer simulations to elucidate the arrhythmogenic potentials of the KCNH2 mutations. Genetic screening of the first and second index patients revealed a heterozygous missense mutation in KCNH2, resulting in an amino acid change (P632L) in the …

Recent Progress In Microrna Detection Using Integrated Electric Fields And Optical Detection Methods, Logeeshan Velmanickam, Dharmakeerthi Nawarathna

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Low-cost, highly-sensitivity, and minimally invasive tests for the detection and monitoring of life-threatening diseases and disorders can reduce the worldwide disease burden. Despite a number of interdisciplinary research efforts, there are still challenges remaining to be addressed, so clinically significant amounts of relevant biomarkers in body fluids can be detected with low assay cost, high sensitivity, and speed at point-of-care settings. Although the conventional proteomic technologies have shown promise, their ability to detect all levels of disease progression from early to advanced stages is limited to a limited number of diseases. One potential avenue for early diagnosis is microRNA (miRNA). …

Positive Airway Pressure And Mask Factors Affective Adherence In Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Rutvi Sheth, Michel Audette, Soham Sheth

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Purpose: Sleep apnea is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disorders. CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) therapy is the main treatment for sleep apnea. However, adherence with CPAP remains a concern. Although there are various factors attributed to failure of CPAP therapy, mask related factors are not well studied.

Methods: The study recruited patients with obstructive sleep apnea using CPAP from neurology outpatient clinic at Progressive Neurology and Sleep Center. An IRB (Institutional Review Board) approved questionnaire was administered to evaluate factors affecting CPAP compliance.

Results: The study recruited 24 patients. It showed that almost 50% of the patients did …

Wavelet-Based Harmonization Of Local And Global Model Shifts In Federated Learning For Histopathological Images, W. Farzana, A. Temtam, K. M. Iftekharuddin

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Federated Learning (FL) is a promising machine learning approach for development of data-driven global model using collaborative local models across multiple local institutions. However, the heterogeneity of medical imaging data is one of the challenges within FL. This heterogeneity is caused by the variation in imaging scanner protocols across institutions, which may result in weight shift among local models leading to deterioration in predictive accuracy of global model. The prevailing approaches involve applying different FL averaging techniques to enhance the performance of the global model, ignoring the distinct imaging features of the local domain. In this work, we address both …