Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Domestic Violence And Mental Health In Pregnant Women, Arabella M. Co

Nursing | Student Research Posters

Background: Domestic violence can include verbal, emotional, and physical abuse, which can lead to long-term mental health disorders such as stress, anxiety, or post-traumatic stress disorder. Purpose: This research includes a literature review, as well as a proposed research design to examine the significance of intimate partner violence in relation to mental health by implementing screening methods and interventions. Method: Participants will be recruited from prenatal clinics around the Bay Area. A quantitative, randomized, controlled-trial cohort study will investigate the effectiveness of the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring Systems (PRAMS). A screening tool used in determining intimate partner violence within the …

Medical Aid In Dying Education For Hospice Nurses, Ian K. Woo

Nursing | Student Research Posters

Background: Medical aid in dying (MAID) is an option surrounding end-of-life care for hospice patients. This process gives patients the autonomy to end their life during the time and location of their choosing. MAID is growing in legalization and practice across the US. However, many nurses feel uncomfortable or unprepared when providing care for patients contemplating it. Hospice nurses should have confidence in their ability to care for patients through the process of MAID. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of education in strengthening new hospice nurses’ ability to care for patients through the process of MAID. Method: The research will …

Genetic Testing And Anorexia Nervosa: Knowledge, Attitudes And Awareness, Sarah Ramsay

All Dissertations

This dissertation consists of three parts, each building on the results of the former, evaluating the treatment and research of anorexia nervosa (AN) from a healthcare genetics perspective. These three parts are bookended by an introduction and a conclusion summarizing key findings and providing suggestions for future work. First, in order to assess how Severe and Enduring Anorexia Nervosa (SE-AN) is defined in the literature, and inclusion of those with SE-AN in genetics research, a comprehensive literature review was performed. The review found a lack of consistent identification and inclusion of the SE-AN subtype in AN genetic study participants. Second, …

Exploring The Contribution Of Mobile Money To The Well-Being Of Rural Tanzanian Villagers And Assessing Their Readiness To Adopt A Similar Model To Advance Their Healthcare Access An Exploratory Study, Sr. Magdalena P. Chubwa

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Background: Healthcare for rural villages in Tanzania has always been rudimentary. Lack of the infrastructure and poverty are among the many obstacles facing this population’s access to healthcare. While, the rise of telehealth has improved access to healthcare in many parts of the world, its use in rural Tanzania has been extremely limited to poor internet access. However, given the availability of non-internet connected mobile phones in rural Tanzania, the potential to use this devise to improve healthcare access exists. Individuals using mobile phones for financial transactions may be motivated to access healthcare via telehealth by using their non-internet connected …

An Extensive Exploration Of Generalist Microbotryum Species Through Host Interactions., Emilee Walters

College of Arts & Sciences Senior Theses

The Microbotryum species complex is a group of fungi, commonly known as anther smuts. Anther smuts are plant parasites that must invade a host plant in order to fulfill their life cycle. As the Microbotryum fungus grows, it sterilizes the host plant, such that infected plants produce fungal teliospores instead of pollen on the male reproductive organs and female reproductive structures do not mature. Microbotryum usually exists as a specialist species, however, there is evidence that several species of anther smuts can exist as generalist species. Comparisons of the infection process and the resulting response of both parasite and host …

Addressing The Public Health Concern Of Maternal Mortality In Houston, Texas, Lucy Couture

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Maternal mortality remains a pressing public health concern in the United States, with disproportionate consequences for marginalized communities. Despite being a developed nation, the U.S. reports one of the highest maternal mortality rates among its peers, with approximately 80% of maternal deaths deemed preventable. Texas reflects this national crisis, particularly affecting Black women, whose maternal mortality rate is significantly higher than that of other racial and ethnic groups. This thesis explores maternal mortality trends in Houston, Texas, analyzing the roles of systemic inequities, social determinants of health, and disparities in access to quality care. Drawing on data from the Texas …

Editorial – Dec 2024, Edwin Van Teijlingen, Abeer Musaddique, Rafat Jan

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

No abstract provided.

Enhancing Respiratory Health With Post-Yoga Exercises During Pregnancy, Hiromi Ito-Kaneko, Masayuki Uehara

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

Pregnancy results in enlarged uterus and diaphragm elevation, which may cause shallow breathing. These changes often cause nocturnal dyspnea, chest discomfort, and difficulty breathing, especially late pregnancy. Training of pregnant women for extending their exhalation reduces suffocation during movement, increasing comfort during pregnancy. In prenatal yoga, deep breathing is practiced and has a relaxing effect.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether yoga exercises during pregnancy improves exhalation length.
We enrolled 152 pregnant women and used a chronograph to measure their exhalation length pre- and post-yoga exercises and compared exhaled breath length by gestational age group. The pre-yoga …

The Role Of Midwives In Achieving The Global Sustainable Development Goals, Bakhtawar Muhammad Hanif Khowaja Bk, Elizabeth K. Darling

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

The sustainable development goals (SDGs) provide a comprehensive framework for global development. Midwives are playing an important role in achieving the targets of the world’s priority agendas. They are actively involved in achieving the targets of SDG#2 by providing education to women on their nutritional requirements, supporting postnatal women with breastfeeding, and educating communities on the use of clean water, sanitation, and hygiene management. Beyond counseling and educating communities on nutrition and hygiene management, they are also involved in improving other health-related outcomes that are indicators for SDG#3, such as improving maternal and child immunization, counseling mothers on tobacco …

Factors Influencing Colostrum Avoidance In Developing Countries: Insights From A Literature Review, Muhammad Zeeshan Aslam, Jonathan Johnson, Marina Baig, Abeer Musaddique

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

Introduction: Colostrum is a thick, sticky, clear and yellowish-coloured milk produced after the first few hours of birth until day 3. It consists of vitamin A, proteins, lipids, potassium, and maternal antibodies, including lactoferrin, immunoglobulin, growth factors and antimicrobial factors. Colostrum avoidance is the practice of squeezing out, pumping, and discarding the first milk. Various studies have reported colostrum avoidance worldwide, but its prevalence is higher in developing countries. Every day, approximately 3000 to 4000 infants die due to diarrhea and respiratory infections in developing countries, and one of the leading causes is colostrum avoidance. Infants are unable to take …

Compassionate Care In Times Of Loss: Unraveling Nurses’ And Midwives’ Perspectives To Assess Preparedness In Stillbirth: A Review Article, Nabila Salim Ali, Arusa Lakhani, Salma Rattani, Sidrah Nausheen

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

Perinatal death, including stillbirth, is a tragic event that significantly impacts holistically the well-being of affected families, particularly in low-middle-income countries (LMICs), where the incidence is alarmingly high. This paper explores the profound effects of stillbirth on parental mental health, emphasizing the associated risks of mental health challenges and examining the crucial role of nurses and midwives in managing stillbirth, from providing immediate emotional support to facilitating long-term coping strategies. Despite their essential role, they face significant challenges, including inadequate training, emotional burdens, and the need for culturally sensitive care practices. Through a comprehensive review of the literature, this paper …

Improve The Referral System Of Health Care Organizations In Rural Community Settings Of Pakistan Using Health Information Technology (Hit) - A Protocol, Saleema A. Gulzar, Alishah Aziz Gulzar, Zahid Ali Faheem, Ayesha Arif, Aamir Sarfaraz

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

Pakistan is a developing country, with 65% of the population residing in rural areas. The rural population is considered vulnerable mainly due to several factors, including poverty. Climate change and the area's topography limit their access to basic human needs such as basic healthcare, affecting their quality of life. Most people lack basic information about the location and availability of healthcare facilities, including hospitals, diagnostic centres, pharmacies, and general clinics. Hence, the rural healthcare system lacks primary care physicians, nurses, midwives and allied health professionals. Inappropriate infrastructure makes it challenging to retain qualified professionals. A non-profit and non-governmental entity aims …

Kolcaba’S Comfort Theory: A Framework For Understanding The Significance Of Skin-To-Skin Care After Childbirth, Aqsa Nizar Ali

Journal of Asian Midwives (JAM)

Despite the WHO recommendations and evidenced-based results of skin-to-skin contact, it is quite an uncommon practice witnessed after childbirth. Compared to research conducted in low and middle-income nations, the majority of the studies conducted in high-income countries revealed greater rates of SSC [11]. Skin-to-skin contact, a nurturing practice, has gained significant recognition as a cornerstone of early infant care. Beyond its physiological benefits, skin-to-skin contact fosters a profound sense of comfort and connection between mother and infant. Kolcaba's theory of comfort, a comprehensive framework for understanding and promoting comfort, provides a valuable lens to explore the multifaceted benefits of skin-to-skin …

Burden Of Vascular Neurological Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Multicenter Study, Shafaq Saleem, Safia Awan, Ibrar Rafiq, Muhammad Hassan Shaikh, Anjum Farooq, Maimoona Siddiqui, Zainab Aslam Saeed Memon, Alam Ibrahim Siddiqui

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Background and Objective

Stroke remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with a particularly high burden in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as Pakistan. Despite its growing prevalence, limited nationwide data exist on vascular diseases, their risk factors, and disability outcomes. The objective of this study was to identify the frequency and age-stratified type of vascular disease incidence among in-patient hospital admissions.

Methods

A retrospective observational study was conducted across 39 neurology centers in Pakistan, spanning both public and private sectors from August 2017 to December 2019. Data on demographics, comorbidities, and stroke type were systematically collected …

Electrographic Significance Of Periodic Discharges And Association With Etiology And Outcome In A Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Hina Imtiaz, Zainab Memon, Ayisha Farooq Khan, Dureshahwar Kanwar, Safia Awan

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Background and Objective

Periodic discharges on electroencephalograms (EEGs) are rhythmic waveforms that may indicate acute or subacute brain injury. This aim of this study was to determine the frequency distribution of periodic discharge subtypes on EEG and to assess their association with underlying etiologies and clinical outcomes in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods

This retrospective observational cohort study included neurological patients aged ≥18 years admitted to the medical ICU or ward of Aga Khan University Hospital between January 1, 2021, and January 1, 2023, with periodic discharges on EEG. Patients with prior traumatic brain injury were excluded. Data on demographics, …

Epilepsy In Pakistani Adolescents Amid The Vaping Epidemic, Maheen Kalwar, Eisha Tur Raazia, Harmain Naz Shaikh

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

New Onset Seizures Evolving Into Refractory Status Epilepticus In The Setting Of Covid-19: A Case Report, Mahira Mushtaq, Zuha Amin, Shafaq Saleem, Fowzia Siddiqui

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

The novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been shown to involve the nervous system (both central and peripheral), with or without respiratory involvement in multiple ways. Although not much is known about this disease yet, seizures and status epilepticus which may evolve into refractory status epilepticus have been associated with it along with other manifestations like encephalopathy, neuropathies etc. The mechanism for development of seizures with COVID-19 related disease is not entirely known however it can be the consequence of “cytokine release syndrome” or “cytokine storm” which has been associated with this virus. Patients with COVID-19 infection who develop resistant status …

Pakistan Ischemic Stroke Guidelines, Anjum Farooq, Maria Khan, Ayesha Zafar, Husnain Hashim, Fozan Khan, Abdul Malik, Ayeesha Kamran Kamal Aga Khan University, Karachi, Mohammad Wasay

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Stroke is the second leading cause of death and disability. Mortality related to stroke is very high in low- and middle-income countries. Stroke imposes a great socioeconomical burden in Pakistan. It is important to take important steps for prevention and proper management of stroke in country. Purpose of developing stroke guidelines is to improve stroke care in Pakistan. Guidelines are designed to help neurologists and general practitioners for treating stroke. American stroke guidelines, NICE guidelines, Canadian guidelines and multiple important articles including those emphasizing stroke care in low- and middle-income countries were studied, and these current guidelines were designed in …

Supplementary Data For "Crushability Analysis Of Immediate-Release Oral Tablets And Capsules Approved By Fda In 2020-2024, Christina Tzikas, Kamaladdin Saei, Anne Schweighardt, Fang Zhao

Doctoral External Publications

No abstract provided.

Dalbavancin Use At A Health System Network In Compliance With A Standard Plan Of Treatment For Infective Endocarditis And Osteomyelitis, Nicholas Lombardi, Anthoula Kritikos, Jacky Ye, Victor Cohen

Doctoral External Publications

Dalbavancin is a lipoglycopeptide approved for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and soft tissue infections caused by gram-positive microorganisms.

Used off-label in the management of infective endocarditis in IV drug users, as well as in osteomyelitis infections.

Extremely long half-life of greater than a week.

Potential cost-effective option for susceptible gram-positive infections and increased patient compliance.

Leading Biologics In Pharmacy Practice: The Role Of Pharmacists, Amerah Elshayeb, Emily Austin, Lipika Chablani

Doctoral External Publications

Evaluate the current approaches to handling biologics, identify challenges associated with their storage and preparation, and emphasize the critical role of pharmacy education in ensuring safe and effective management of biologics.

Impact Of Order Set Implementation On Institutional Management Of Clostridioides Difficile In Adult Patients, Nicole Henry, Olivia Campbell, Heather Daly, Katelyn Quartuccio, Melanie Lintala

Doctoral External Publications

In February 2022, the University of Rochester Medical Center (URMC) updated their practice guidelines, in accordance with the Infectious Diseases Society of America, to include fidaxomicin as the preferred agent in patients with initial (non-fulminant) or first recurrence of C. difficile infection (CDI).

Health system protocols were updated to include polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for patients with suspected CDI followed by confirmation via toxin enzyme immunoassay (EIA).

In the appropriate clinical context, PCR+/EIA+ test confirms active CDI and warrants antibiotic treatment.

PCR+/EIA- test indicates likely colonization and may preclude the need for treatment.

A CDI order set was implemented …

Local Chapters Of Ashp And Apha Partner With The Monroe County Sheriff’S Department To Host A Drug Take-Back Event In The Rochester Community, Mackenzie Bermingham, Michael Currier, Bailey Walker, Laura Witt, Shawn E. Fellows, Angela Nagel

Doctoral External Publications

Objection/Study Goals:

To provide a safe, environmentally responsible way to dispose of unused or expired medications and to raise awareness about the risks of medication misuse in the community.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Trackable Pathology-Triggered Polymersomes Toward Enzyme Replacement Theranostics For Gm1 Gangliosidosis, Dorian Foster

All Dissertations

This dissertation investigates the development and optimization of pathology-responsive polymersomes for simultaneous enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in the treatment of GM1 gangliosidosis (GM1). While therapeutic strategies exist for similar, non-neuropathic lysosomal storage disorders, implementation towards GM1 faces significant challenges due to the blood-brain barrier.

Herein, we developed and characterized a range of low molecular weight hyaluronic acid-b-polylactic acid (HA-PLA) polymersomes (PSs) capable of encapsulating therapeutic enzymes in their hydrophilic core. These polymersomes exhibit pathophysiology-triggered responsiveness, degrading in the presence of acidic conditions, which is characteristic of lysosomes, and enzymes such as hexosaminidase A, which …

A Word From The Writing Team (December 2024), Pam Walter, Mfa

A Word From the Writing Team (Newsletter)

This issue includes:

• Publication Spotlight
• Enter the Annual Theresa and Charles Yeo Writing Prize by December 31, 2024
• Sign up for the December 6th Writing Retreat (Online)
• Write that Baby in 9 Weeks
• The OPWPC Canvas Page offers helpful tools

Adverse Childhood Experiences And Early Life Adversity And Their Effects On Chronic Health: A Literature Review, Ella Weatherford

The Eleanor Mann School of Nursing Undergraduate Honors Theses

With more than 439,000 annual U.S. deaths associated with childhood adversity, it is important to understand and prevent exposure to Adverse Childhood Events and Early Life Adversity. The purpose of this literature review is to identify and examine the pathophysiology between adverse childhood experiences (ACE’s) and their negative effects on health across the lifespan. Fifteen peer-reviewed articles that were published in notable journals were analyzed to include in this review. The results of these articles show that Adverse Childhood Experiences and Early Life Adversity can lead to the development of chronic inflammatory conditions across the lifespan. Using Barker Hypothesis and …

The Impact Of Hospital Protocol For Severe Alcohol Use Disorder, Meredith Jones

The Eleanor Mann School of Nursing Undergraduate Honors Theses

Background: Alcohol use disorder remains a prevalent condition within current society. For a smaller, but ever growing population, alcohol use evolves into a severe, addictive disease process. Individuals managing this disorder can suffer from acute withdrawals and further comorbidities causing eventual detriment. Medical institutions attempt to combat withdrawal with varying forms of treatment, utilized to manage symptoms and further issues “as needed.” As this condition becomes increasingly more pervasive within casual society, hospitals’ fragmented attempts to manage this disease process proves to be ineffective for this patient population.

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review is to analyze current methods …

Constructing A Blueprint For A Professional Development Module On Interventions For Bullying And Self-Advocacy For Nursing Faculty, Glenn Murphy

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Bullying remains a persistent issue among nursing faculty. Nursing faculty often claim they do not have the communication skills or the confidence to address bullying behaviors and to advocate for themselves. Instead, they often avoid the perpetrators or accept bullying as part of the nursing education environment. One possible solution involves creating a professional development module for nursing faculty. My Delphi study led to the creation of a blueprint for a professional development module on interventions for bullying and self-advocacy for nursing faculty. Over the three rounds of online questionnaires, an expert panel of nursing faculty suggested content areas, recommended …

Examining The Impact Of Eds And Meds Anchor Institutions On Local Communities: A Mixed Methods Case Study On University Medical Center New Orleans, Samuel P. Firmin

LSU New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine how the University Medical Center New Orleans (UMCNO), a major Eds and Meds anchor institution, has contributed to the well-being outcomes of surrounding communities within the New Orleans BioDistrict since its opening in 2015. Eds and Meds institutions often have mixed impacts on their local communities, and little research has focused on their effects in the Deep South, particularly in New Orleans, a region with pronounced socioeconomic disparities. This study aimed to address this research gap by investigating the following question: to what extent does UMCNO's Community Health Needs Assessments align with …

How Does 2 Level Cervical Disc Replacement Compare To Single Level?, Pierce Nunley, Brian Perry, Celeste Abjornson, Ashvin Patel, Faheem Sandhu, Armen Khachatryan, Jad Khalil

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Introduction: Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF) is highly successful at a single level with greater than 90% fusion rates and high patient satisfaction. However, multi-level ACDF surgery, though still successful, has diminishing results with increasing levels. With many Investigational Device Exemption (IDE) clinical trials for the treatment of Symptomatic Cervical Disc Disease (SCDD) at a single level and recent IDE clinical trials for two contiguous levels, these trials offer the opportunity to compare clinical outcomes utilizing the same motion sparing technology mechanisms of action (MOA). The hypothesis is that cervical total disc replacement (cTDR) maintains its clinical benefits from …