Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

12.11.2023 Orsp Connect, Liz Williamson

ORED Newsletter

December 11, 2023 Newsletter

The Importance Of Triple Panel Testing For Hepatitis B And The Burden Of Isolated Anti-Hepatitis B Core Antibodies Within A Community Sample, Catherine Freeland, Vivek Sreepathi, Richard Hass, Jonathan Fenkel, Jessie Torgersen, Kenneth Rothstein, Chari Cohen, Robert Gish

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

Within the United States (US), 2.4 million individuals are living with chronic hepatitis B, but less than 20% are diagnosed. Isolated anti-hepatitis B core (iAHBc) antibodies indicate serology in an individual that is positive for anti-HBc antibodies, while negative for surface antigen (HBsAg) and surface antibodies (anti-HBs). A result of iAHBc could indicate a chronic occult bloodstream infection, necessitating further testing. This study assesses the prevalence and risk factors associated with anti-HBc and iAHBc within community high-risk screening in Greater Philadelphia. Participants (n = 177) were screened for HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc during community screening events in 2022. Chi-square tables …

Interleukin 31 Receptor Α Promotes Smooth Muscle Cell Contraction And Airway Hyperresponsiveness In Asthma, Santhoshi Akkenepally, Dan Yombo, Sanjana Yerubandi, Geereddy Bhanuprakash Reddy, Deepak Deshpande, Francis Mccormack, Satish Madala

Center for Translational Medicine Faculty Papers

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), inflammation, and goblet cell hyperplasia. Multiple cytokines, including IFNγ, IL-4, and IL-13 are associated with asthma; however, the mechanisms underlying the effects of these cytokines remain unclear. Here, we report a significant increase in the expression of IL-31RA, but not its cognate ligand IL-31, in mouse models of allergic asthma. In support of this, IFNγ, IL-4, and IL-13 upregulated IL-31RA but not IL-31 in both human and mice primary airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC) isolated from the airways of murine and human lungs. Importantly, the loss of IL-31RA …

Labour Market Participation After Sickness Absence Due To Cancer: A Dynamic Cohort Study In Catalonia (Spain), Amaya Ayala-Garcia, Fernando G Benavides, Laura Serra

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The consequences of cancer on working until retirement age remain unclear. This study aimed to analyse working life considering all possible labour market states in a sample of workers after sickness absence (SA) due to cancer and to compare their working life paths to those of a sample of workers without SA and with an SA due to other diseases.

METHODS: This was a retrospective dynamic cohort study among social security affiliates in Catalonia from 2012-2018. Cases consisted of workers with an SA due to cancer between 2012-2015 (N = 516) and were individually age- and sex-matched with those …

A Phase I Trial Of Bevacizumab And Temsirolimus In Combination With Valproic Acid In Advanced Solid Tumors, Blessie Elizabeth Nelson, Apostolia M Tsimberidou, Xueyao Fu, Siqing Fu, Vivek Subbiah, Anil K Sood, Jordi Rodon, Daniel D Karp, George Blumenschein, Scott Kopetz, Shubham Pant, Sarina A Piha-Paul

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Preclinical models suggest synergy between anti-angiogenesis therapy, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and histone deacetylase inhibitors to promote anticancer activity.

METHODS: This phase I study enrolled 47 patients between April 2012 and 2018 and determined safety, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), and dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) when combining bevacizumab, temsirolimus, and valproic acid in patients with advanced cancer.

RESULTS: Median age of enrolled patients was 56 years. Patients were heavily pretreated with a median of 4 lines of prior therapy. Forty-five patients (95.7%) experienced one or more treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs). Grade 3 TRAEs were lymphopenia (14.9%), thrombocytopenia (8.5%), and mucositis …

Myocardial Protection In High-Risk Cardiopulmonary Bypass Support, Subhasis Chatterjee, Marc R. Moon

Journal of Shock and Hemodynamics

The development of cardioplegia has facilitated complex cardiac surgery and allowed high-risk patients to safely tolerate life-saving procedures. By following the principles of electromechanical arrest, inducing hypothermia, and using adjunctive agents to help mitigate the effects of hypothermia and ischemia reperfusion injury, cardioplegia can be safely induced with various commercially available compositions, which can be delivered by several different surgical techniques. Although many studies have compared these methods, there is little consensus on whether any one method is superior to another. Just as a surgeon may need to modify technique according to individual patient factors, so too must a surgeon …

Bringing Car T Cell Therapy Trials To Underserved Populations, Hoda Badr, Rayne Rouce, Michael E Scheurer, Premal Lulla, Martha Mims, Pavan Reddy

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

There is a critical need for equitable access to cell therapies in cancer treatment, particularly within public safety-net healthcare systems that serve minority and socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. We discuss how the Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center at Baylor College of Medicine is piloting a cell therapy program aimed at addressing cancer care disparities and has the potential to serve as a national model for enhancing health equity in cancer care.

Early Surgical Stabilization Of Rib Fractures (Ssrf) Is Better, But Delayed Ssrf Is Not Worse, Stephen J. Bordes, Patrick Greiffenstein

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Comment on; Belaroussi Y, Drevet G, Soldea V, et al. When to proceed to surgical rib fixation?-A single-institution clinical experience. J Thorac Dis 2023;15;323-34.

Learning From Women Veterans Who Navigate Invisible Injuries, Caregiving, And Reintegration Challenges, Nicholas A. Rattray, Diana Natividad, Katrina Spontak, Marina Kukla, Ai Nghia L. Do, Leah Danson, Richard M. Frankel, Gala True

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: As women comprise a greater proportion of military service members, there is growing recognition of how their experiences in the early phase of military to civilian transitions have an important influence on their health and reintegration outcomes. Qualitative accounts of women veterans can inform programs that support transitioning service members. Objectives: We examined narratives of civilian reintegration among women veterans to understand their experiences of adjusting to community life while coping with mental health challenges. Methods/Participants: We interviewed 16 post-911 era women who were within 5 years of separating from military service and developed a case study based on …

An Educational Intervention To Increase Knowledge And Awareness Of Hypertension Among Nurses, Sylvia Kabba

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

No abstract provided.

High-Fidelity Large-Diversity Monoclonal Mammalian Cell Libraries By Cell Cycle Arrested Recombinase-Mediated Cassette Exchange, Chuan Chen, Zening Wang, Minhyo Kang, Ki Baek Lee, Xin Ge

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Mammalian cells carrying defined genetic variations have shown great potentials in both fundamental research and therapeutic development. However, their full use was limited by lack of a robust method to construct large monoclonal high-quality combinatorial libraries. This study developed cell cycle arrested recombinase-mediated cassette exchange (aRMCE), able to provide monoclonality, precise genomic integration and uniform transgene expression. Via optimized nocodazole-mediated mitotic arrest, 20% target gene replacement efficiency was achieved without antibiotic selection, and the improved aRMCE efficiency was applicable to a variety of tested cell clones, transgene targets and transfection methods. As a demonstration of this versatile method, we performed …

Allelic Strengths Of Encephalopathy-Associated Uba5 Variants Correlate Between In Vivo And In Vitro Assays, Xueyang Pan, Albert N Alvarez, Mengqi Ma, Shenzhao Lu, Michael W Crawford, Lauren C Briere, Oguz Kanca, Shinya Yamamoto, David A Sweetser, Jenny L Wilson, Ruth J Napier, Jonathan N Pruneda, Hugo J Bellen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Protein UFMylation downstream of the E1 enzyme UBA5 plays essential roles in development and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Variants in the UBA5 gene are associated with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 44 (DEE44), an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by early-onset encephalopathy, movement abnormalities, global developmental delay, intellectual disability, and seizures. DEE44 is caused by at least 12 different missense variants described as loss of function (LoF), but the relationships between genotypes and molecular or clinical phenotypes remain to be established. We developed a humanized UBA5 fly model and biochemical activity assays in order to describe in vivo and in vitro genotype–phenotype relationships …

Metformin: A Potential Treatment For Acne, Hidradenitis Suppurativa And Rosacea, Minah Cho, Yu Ri Woo, Sang Hyun Cho, Jeong Deuk Lee, Hei Sung Kim

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Metformin is a widely used drug for treatment of diabetes mellitus, due to its safety and efficacy. In addition to its role as an antidiabetic drug, numerous beneficial effects of metformin have enabled its use in various diseases. Considering the anti-androgenic, anti-angiogenic, anti-fibrotic and antioxidant properties of metformin, it may have the potential to improve chronic inflammatory skin diseases. However, further evidence is needed to confirm the efficacy of metformin in dermatological conditions, This review focuses on exploring the therapeutic targets of metformin in acne vulgaris, hidradenitis suppurativa and rosacea, by studying their pathogeneses.

Review Of "The #Actuallyautistic Guide To Advocacy: Step-By- Step Advice On How To Ally And Speak Up With Autistic People And The Autism Community", Jennifer M. Brady

The Christian Librarian

No abstract provided.

Taxane-Based Chemotherapy Is Effective In Metastatic Appendiceal Adenocarcinoma, Julia Dansby, Aditya More, Mohammad Zeineddine, Abdelrahman Yousef, Alisha Bent, Farshid Dayyani, Robert Wolff, Michael Overman, John Paul Shen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Appendiceal cancer is a rare, orphan disease with no therapies currently approved by the FDA for its treatment. Given the limited data regarding drug efficacy, these tumors have historically been treated with chemotherapy designed for colon cancer. However, an overwhelming body of molecular data has demonstrated that appendiceal adenocarcinoma is a distinct entity with key molecular differences from colon cancer, notably rare APC mutation. Recognizing that APC loss-of-function is thought to contribute to taxane resistance and that taxanes are effective in the treatment of other gastrointestinal tumors, including gastric, esophageal, and small bowel adenocarcinoma, we completed a single-center retrospective study …

Sustained Disease Control In Immune Checkpoint Blockade Responders With Microsatellite Instability-High Colorectal Cancer After Treatment Termination, Kristen Simmons, Jane V Thomas, Kaysia Ludford, Jason A Willis, Victoria S Higbie, Kanwal P S Raghav, Benny Johnson, Arvind Dasari, Bryan K Kee, Christine M Parseghian, Michael S Lee, Phat H Le, Maria P Morelli, John Paul Shen, Alisha Bent, Eduardo Vilar, Robert A Wolff, Scott Kopetz, Michael J Overman, Van Karlyle Morris

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Immune checkpoint inhibitors improve survival in patients with mismatch repair deficiency/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) colorectal cancer. The recurrence outcomes following discontinuation of immunotherapy after prolonged disease control have not been definitively reported in large series. Records from patients with advanced MSI-H colorectal cancer from The University of Texas - MD Anderson Cancer Center who received immunotherapy between 2014 and 2022 and stopped after prolonged clinical benefit were reviewed. Median progression-free and overall survival were estimated. Associations between the event of recurrence and coexisting mutations (KRAS/NRAS, BRAFV600E), metastatic organ involvement (lung, liver, lymph node, or peritoneum), metastatic timing (synchronous vs. metachronous), prior …

Spatiotemporal Genomic Profiling Of Intestinal Metaplasia Reveals Clonal Dynamics Of Gastric Cancer Progression, Kie Kyon Huang, Haoran Ma, Roxanne Hui Heng Chong, Tomoyuki Uchihara, Benedict Shi Xiang Lian, Feng Zhu, Taotao Sheng, Supriya Srivastava, Su Ting Tay, Raghav Sundar, Angie Lay Keng Tan, Xuewen Ong, Minghui Lee, Shamaine Wei Ting Ho, Tom Lesluyes, Hassan Ashktorab, Duane Smoot, Peter Van Loo, Joy Shijia Chua, Kalpana Ramnarayanan, Louis Ho Shing Lau, Takuji Gotoda, Hyun Soo Kim, Tiing Leong Ang, Christopher Khor, Jonathan Wei Jie Lee, Stephen Kin Kwok Tsao, Wei Lyn Yang, Ming Teh, Hyunsoo Chung, Jimmy Bok Yan So, Khay Guan Yeoh, Patrick Tan, Singapore Gastric Cancer Consortium

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Intestinal metaplasia (IM) is a pre-malignant condition of the gastric mucosa associated with increased gastric cancer (GC) risk. Analyzing 1,256 gastric samples (1,152 IMs) across 692 subjects from a prospective 10-year study, we identify 26 IM driver genes in diverse pathways including chromatin regulation (ARID1A) and intestinal homeostasis (SOX9). Single-cell and spatial profiles highlight changes in tissue ecology and IM lineage heterogeneity, including an intestinal stem-cell dominant cellular compartment linked to early malignancy. Expanded transcriptome profiling reveals expression-based molecular subtypes of IM associated with incomplete histology, antral/intestinal cell types, ARID1A mutations, inflammation, and microbial communities normally associated with the healthy …

Feasibility, Enablers And Challenges Of Using Timeliness Metrics For Household Contact Tracing And Tb Preventive Therapy In Pakistan, Bushra Jamil, Divya Nair, Pruthu Thekkur, Neelofar Laeeq, Anum Adil, Mohammed Khogali, Rony Zachariah, Selma Dar Berger, Srinath Satyanarayana, Ajay M V Kumar

Department of Medicine

Introduction: Screening household contacts of TB patients and providing TB preventive therapy (TPT) is a key intervention to end the TB epidemic. Global and timely implementation of TPT in household contacts, however, is dismal. We adapted the 7-1-7 timeliness metric designed to evaluate and respond to infectious disease outbreaks or pandemics, and assessed the feasibility, enablers and challenges of implementing this metric for screening and management of household contacts of index patients with bacteriologically-confirmed pulmonary TB in Karachi city, Pakistan.
Methods: We conducted an explanatory mixed methods study with a quantitative component (cohort design) followed by a qualitative component (descriptive …

Intouch Week Of December 11, 2023, New York Medical College

InTouch

• Key Discovery Could Offer Hope in Fight Against Alzheimer's Disease
• James Williams’ Journey from the NFL to NYMC
• Student Housing Fitness Center Gets a Makeover
• BioInc@NYMC Welcomes Marubeni America Specialty Chemicals Unit as Newest Client
• D.P.T. Class of 2025 Present Community Service Projects
• Student Spotlight: Kathleen Harwood Lead Authors Publications in Sports Medicine

Applications Of Implementation Science Frameworks, Models And Theories In Disparities-Focused Cancer Screening Interventions: A Scoping Review Protocol, Serena Xiong, Lisa Klesges, Michelle Doering, Rebekah J Pratt

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Implementation science (IS) frameworks, models and theories (FMTs) have gained popularity in guiding the implementation and evaluation of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) for cancer screening. However, there are significant research gaps in understanding their applications in cancer health disparities contexts. This paper outlines a scoping review protocol designed to explore the utilisation of IS FMTs in cancer screening EBIs to inform intervention designs and adaptations.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This scoping review protocol adheres to Arksey and O'Malley's five-step methodological framework for conducting scoping studies. Search strategies were conducted in five bibliographic databases: Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and …

Acid Attack: How Escherichia Coli Strains Resist Acid Stress, Lindsey Miller

Honors Theses

The systems used by Escherichia coli to combat heightened levels of acidity within their environment are varied and complex. Four distinct systems used by E. coli to resist acid-induced stress were identified in 2004 by Foster (1), though six now are known today. These systems include the glucose-repressed, glutamate-dependent, arginine-dependent, lysine-dependent, ornithine-dependent, and serine-dependent acid resistance systems. Each system is also known by its corresponding abbreviation, AR1-AR6. What is known about each system varies due to identification date, complexity of the pathway, and amount of research completed. Within this paper, each system will be identified and the pathway defined, combining …

Immunoproximity Biotinylation Reveals The Axon Initial Segment Proteome, Wei Zhang, Yu Fu, Luxin Peng, Yuki Ogawa, Xiaoyun Ding, Anne Rasband, Xinyue Zhou, Maya Shelly, Matthew N Rasband, Peng Zou

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The axon initial segment (AIS) is a specialized neuronal compartment required for action potential generation and neuronal polarity. However, understanding the mechanisms regulating AIS structure and function has been hindered by an incomplete knowledge of its molecular composition. Here, using immuno-proximity biotinylation we further define the AIS proteome and its dynamic changes during neuronal maturation. Among the many AIS proteins identified, we show that SCRIB is highly enriched in the AIS both in vitro and in vivo, and exhibits a periodic architecture like the axonal spectrin-based cytoskeleton. We find that ankyrinG interacts with and recruits SCRIB to the AIS. However, …

Antibody Binding Captures High Energy State Of An Antigen: The Case Of Nsp1 Sars-Cov-2 As Revealed By Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry, Ravi Kant, Nawneet Mishra, Michael L Gross

2020-Current year OA Pubs

We describe an investigation using structural mass spectrometry (MS) of the impact of two antibodies, 15497 and 15498, binding the highly flexible SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1 protein. We determined the epitopes and paratopes involved in the antibody-protein interactions by using hydrogen-deuterium exchange MS (HDX-MS). Notably, the Fab (Fragment antigen binding) for antibody 15498 captured a high energy form of the antigen exhibiting significant conformational changes that added flexibility over most of the Nsp1 protein. The Fab for antibody 15497, however, showed usual antigen binding behavior, revealing local changes presumably including the binding site. These findings illustrate an unusual antibody effect on an …

Reproductive Decision Making In Women With Medical Comorbidities: A Qualitative Study, Elena M Kraus, Niraj R Chavan, Victoria Whelan, Jennifer Goldkamp, James M Dubois

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: A growing number of reproductive-age women in the U.S. have chronic medical conditions, increasing their risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Still, they experience unintended pregnancies at similar rates to low-risk mothers. We have limited understanding of how these individuals consider decisions about pregnancy and contraceptive use. The purpose of this study was to understand factors that influence reproductive decision-making among pregnant women with chronic medical conditions.

METHODS: We conducted 28 semi-structured interviews with pregnant women with pre-existing medical conditions admitted to a tertiary maternal hospital to examine factors influencing reproductive decision making. Maternal demographic characteristics, medical history, and …

Employing Telepsychiatry Services To Assess The Prevalence And Identify Mental Health Disorders Using The Phq-9 And Gad-7 In Resource-Constrained Regions Of Dadar Mansehra, Pakistan: An Observational Cross-Sectional Study, Iffat Zafar Aga, Sara Saeed Khurram, Mahek Karim, Muhammad Muzzamil, Shahkamal Hashmi, Kashif Shafique

Medical College Documents

Objective: This study aims to measure the prevalence of mental health disorders in low-resource settings through telepsychiatry and evaluate data from Pakistan's Sehat Kahani nurse-assisted online clinics serving low-income communities. This will help to understand the magnitude and nature of the demand for contextual therapies to promote mental health. The paper will discuss the challenges faced in these settings, such as limited access to mental health facilities, stigma and opportunities telemedicine brings.
Design: An observational cross-sectional study of telepsychiatry consultations using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 to screen for depression and anxiety was conducted between October and December …

Mirror Therapy Rehabilitation In Low Back Pain Patients, Claudia L. Altergott

Honors Capstones

Low back pain is a common occurrence experienced by many individuals. An estimated 75-85% of Americans experience some form of back pain during their lives [1]. While low back pain can be uncomfortable and debilitating, approximately 90% of cases are temporary and can resolved without surgery; however, 50% of patients will experience recurrent episodes of back pain. Low back pain that has persisted for more than twelve weeks is considered chronic low back pain [1]. Many researchers and therapists have been seeking the optimal treatment plans for individuals suffering from low back pain. Mirror therapy (MT) is a type of …

Ablation Of Accessory Pathway From Right Atrial Appendage To Anatomic Left Ventricle In L-Transposition Of The Great Arteries, Shree Lata Radhakrishnan, Robert O. Drutel, Cody M. Williams, Raman Danrad, Kelly K. Gajewski, Paul A. Lelorier

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Hippotherapy Within Physical Therapy Treatment: Helping Patients With Cerebral Palsy Achieve Functional Goals, Grace Kucienski

Honors Capstones

Hippotherapy is a treatment tool that can be utilized by trained occupational therapists, speech language pathologists, and physical therapists. It involves the utilization of a horse’s movement to facilitate certain sensory, adaptive, neuromotor, cognitive, and physical responses from a patient. The purpose of this project is to examine how hippotherapy as a treatment tool in physical therapy benefits children with cerebral palsy. The examination of this subject matter was conducted in a case study format. For twelve weeks, one patient with cerebral palsy’s physical therapy sessions utilizing hippotherapy were observed. During these sessions, her progress towards reaching a specific functional …

Relation Of Salivary Alpha-Amylase (Saa) Concentration To Fatigue Biomarkers In Palm Oil Office Workers In Jambi Province: Preliminary Study, David Kusmawan, Willia Novita Eka Rini, Wahyu Indah Dewi Aurora

Makara Journal of Science

The salivary α-amylase (sAA) concentration has a potential role as a biological indicator of occupational fatigue. This study aimed to determine the levels of sAA and its influencing factors. This research used a cross-sectional design with a sample of 40 office staff respondents at PT. X (Persero). Mental workload (MWL), sleep quality, and occupational fatigue were measured using the NASA-Total Load Index (TLX), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Industrial Fatigue Research Committee, respectively. Meanwhile, the basic sAA levels was measured through the sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method using the Bioenzy® Kit Assay. Descriptive analysis showed that the workers were mostly …

Revolutionizing Attention Training In Autism Spectrum Disorder: Pioneering Virtual Reality And Artificial Intelligence, Bhavya Sri Sanku, Selena He, Joy Li

Master of Science in Computer Science Theses

In the realm of educational technology, attention training plays a critical role in tailoring learning experiences to individual needs, especially for learners with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study presents an advanced framework that provides insights into the efficacy of reinforcement strategies by predicting their impact on attention enhancement in educational virtual reality (VR) settings, utilizing physiological biomarkers such as eye-tracking (ET), heart rate (HR), and electrodermal activity (EDA). A comprehensive comparative analysis was undertaken to evaluate the performance metrics of various machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms. The results showcased the robustness of gradient boosting (GB) and …