Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Assessment Of Insulin Resistance According To Degrees Of Obesity Among Iraqis With Type 2 Diabetes, Takwa Al Koloob Ali Chachan, Huda Farhan, Shatha Hamed

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Diabetes mellitus [DM] is a syndrome characterized by impaired carbohydrate metabolism. Obesity is a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM]. Obesity is defined as an excess of body fat. In obese individuals, adipose tissue releases more significant levels of non - esterified fatty acids, glycerol, hormones, pro -inflammatory cytokines, and other substances involved in establishing insulin resistance [IR]. The link between body mass index [BMI] and diabetes and IR is substantial. This study assessed the effect of obesity and insulin resistance in Iraqi diabetic patients. The objective is to assess the impact of IR on the degree …

Study The Levels Of Some Trace Elements In Women With Recurrent Abortion, Ruqaya K. Abbas, Amani M. Jasim, Qater Al-Nada Ali Al-Ibady

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

A pregnancy loss that happens during the first 23 weeks of pregnancy. Vaginal bleeding is the most visible indicator of a miscarriage. This research intends to compare the blood calcium and zinc levels of women who have undergone a miscarriage to those of healthy pregnant women. The research comprised 140 blood samples from women who had miscarriages and women who were pregnant and healthy. Calcium and zinc were measured in the serum of miscarriage patients and a healthy control group; the findings revealed a high incidence of miscarriage in the first trimester (62.2%), but a lower incidence in the second …

Practical Study Of Some Antibiotics And Their Effect On Some Pathogenic Bacteria, Fatima Rammadan Abdul, Maysoon K. Abbas, Ihsan A. Raheem, Hanan T. Subhi

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

Despite the discovery of many new antibiotics, bacteria over time develop the ability to resist these antibiotics, a total of one hundred and seventy-three samples of different bacterial isolates of bacteria (158 isolates, and 15 isolates are not cultured) were taken from different patients in Iraqi Kurdistan hospitals from May 2021 to September 2021. Bacteria were isolated from a vaginal swab, a urine sample and ear swab samples from two patients with otitis media. Bacterial susceptibility to biofilm formation was examined. An antibiotic susceptibility test was examined for all bacterial isolates for thirty-one antibiotics. Where it was found that out …

Study Of Obesity In University Students, Causes And Its Physical And Biological Effects, Mohammed Mezher Hussein

Al-Nisour Journal for Medical Sciences

In both developing and wealthy countries overweight and obesity have become major public health problem. There is a link between higher levels of physical activity and a decreased rate of obesity. The goal of this study was to compare BMI to physical activity in a sample of Baghdad universities students in order to determine anthropometry as a predictor for changes in weight and body composition-related metabolic risk factors. This study was performed among (120) students of Baghdad universities, data were collected by direct interview including self – efficacy in dieting and physical activity. Blood pressure was measured. BMI was calculated, …

The Relationship Between Self-Efficacy And Informed Decision-Making On Primiparous Women During The Birthing Process, Morgan R. Fillipo

Nursing | Senior Theses

Childbirth is a very intense and vulnerable experience, especially for first-time mothers. Across the globe, the prevalence of traumatic and unsatisfying births has become an increasingly troublesome issue for women. There is extensive evidence of maltreatment, and a large portion of the problem has to do with the client’s medical team. To combat this dilemma, the best course of action would be to prepare women for this possibility by increasing the client’s self-efficacy and decision-making abilities. Self-efficacy, also known as confidence in one’s skills, is an important trait to have when it comes to patients being able to advocate for …

Nursing Burnout And Preventative Measures, Giselle Balaoing

Nursing | Senior Theses

Nursing burnout is a crucial problem that needs to be addressed due to the effect it’s having on nurses, such as causing many nurses to leave their jobs. Some of the major causes of nursing burnout include the effects of the work environment, emotional strain, and lack of sleep. Several nurses have stated that some environmental factors related to work that is causing nursing burnout include a high nurse-to-patient ratio, long shifts, and stressful specialties. Lack of support and emotional stress from patient care have contributed to burnout. Lastly, poor health habits, such as lack of sleep, also influence burnout …

The Impact Of Sleep Deprivation In Nurses On Psychomotor Skills, Memory, And Medical Errors, Luke Asprec

Nursing | Senior Theses

Nurses are often subjected to working long shift hours, doing overtime, or being on the night-shift. These factors often predispose nurses to inadequate sleep, which impacts memory, cognition, and mental health. This is significant because nurses depend on their psychomotor skills and clinical judgment to deliver effective nursing care. Each decision made is vital to the safety of the patient. Previous research studies have shown the negative effects of sleep deprivation on impaired concentration, judgment, and long-term health such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. While there is significant data in the general population, the specific effects of sleep deprivation in …

The Impact Of Social Media On Adolescents, Victoria Phung

Nursing | Senior Theses

Social media is constantly developing and changing with unique features and apps being introduced on a day-to-day basis. Numerous individuals utilize social media to post about their life online, create connections with others, and create content. Adolescents, ages 11 to 18, are going through a substantial period of development and growth and are easily influenced by the things and people surrounding them. Because of this, adolescents can have both negative and positive experiences and feelings toward social media. It can cause adolescents to frequently compare themselves to the individuals they follow online; however, it can also be used for self-expression. …

Effects Of Nurse-Patient Relationship On Mental Health Patients’ Medication Adherence/Healthcare Outcome, April Monica Magbual

Nursing | Senior Theses

Background and Significance: Medication adherence among mentally ill patients (MIP) is a significant issue which require extra support & guidance to encourage better recovery. Administering medication is a critical role of nurses that must be performed effectively and appropriately, especially for MIPs.

Literature Review and Gap in the Literature: There is insufficient research exploring NPR and medication adherence specifically for MIPs. Participants’ cultural variations, age range, specific interventions & economic factors influencing medication compliance are missing. The current study aims to explore strategies that nurses can implement during patient interaction in the hospital setting.

Study Design and Method: A qualitative …

Caffeine Usage And Effects On Quality Of Life, Clinical Performance, And Safety Among Nurses, Alexander Carl Yanga

Nursing | Senior Theses

Background: The purpose of this investigation is to examine the effects of caffeine consumption on the nurse’s quality of life. It also will explore the relationship between caffeine consumption, nurses' clinical performance, and patient safety. Nurses often endure long hours with demanding tasks to ensure client health and safety. Long work shifts and low margins for error can be taxing, which could result in fatigue, poorer sleep, and increased risk for mistakes. Caffeine is an accepted and effective option for combating fatigue and boosting alertness short term. Questions arise about whether caffeine is beneficial or if consumption causes a decrease …

Does An Educational Intervention Program On Infection Precautions Decrease Absentee Rates In Schools?, Shelby Florann Keltner, Madelyn Salonga

Nursing | Senior Theses

During our community health clinical rotation in a public school, we observed abundant absences in the kindergarten class, which led us to inquire: What is the possible cause for the multiple absences? Further, we noticed that the students had a hand hygiene knowledge deficit. These observations led us to hypothesize that due to direct contact transmission many absences were related to infection-related illnesses, and without proper technique and understanding of hand washing, infectious diseases will continue to have a high probability of transmission in schools. The objective of our investigation is to identify the prevalence of this issue in communities …

A Holistic Approach To Promote Sleep For People Emerging From Homelessness: A Good Night’S Rest In Your Nest Sleep Toolkit, Anna Burggraf

Frank Low Research Day Posters

Background: Sleep deprivation has been linked to chronic health issues, decreased physical and cognitive functioning, and overall decreased quality of life, which limits the ability to engage in desired tasks and occupations (Gonzalez & Tyminski, 2020). Obtaining restful sleep serves as a foundation for optimal cognitive and physical functioning during daily tasks, roles, and activities (AOTA, 2017). Individuals who have experienced homelessness consistently demonstrate higher rates of sleep inadequacies compared to the general public, highlighting the need for service providers to address the quality of sleep participation for this population (Gonzalez & Tyminski, 2020).

Purpose

• Promote sleep participation for …

The How To’S For Engaging With Medically Complex Children: A Resource Guide, Allyson Bourque

Frank Low Research Day Posters

Purpose: The purpose of this scholarly project is to identify and address the factors that serve as barriers to engagement in valued occupations for children with serious or life-threatening illness.

Background: Children with serious or life-threatening illness are at great risk for occupational deprivation due to their complex medical needs as well as the inhibiting physical symptomology that may accompany their diagnoses (Doukkali et al., 2013; Kasven-Gonzales & Miale, 2010). Individuals working with this population have reported a need for more specialized education for working with children with medically complex needs (Gysels et al., 2005; Whiteford et al., 2020). It …

Addressing Racial And Ethnic Differences In Maternal Parenting Stress, Parenting Styles And Child Anxiety In A Clinic Referred Sample Of Anxious Youth, Clara Prish

Public Health Theses

Background: Anxiety disorders are the most common psychological disorder in children and can have profound impacts on development. Prior research suggests the importance of risk factors for child anxiety related to parenting, including parenting stress and psychological control. Parenting stress refers to any distress experienced by a parent in relation to caring for their child; and psychological control refers to a parent attempting to manipulate a child’s thoughts, emotions and feelings to exert control. Greater clarity is needed for how these parenting factors relate to each other in shaping child anxiety, however. The interaction between parenting stress and psychological control …

Anxiety And Depression Among U.S. International Students During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Ismatara Reena, Edward Hebert, Kumer Das, Shankari M. Dipti, Nirmal C. Gope, Raymond Doe

Kinesiology

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted college students worldwide. International students are a significant group of college students in the United States, making up approximately 5% of enrollment. While research has examined the mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on college students, its impact on international students in the U.S. has not been well-documented. This study examined anxiety and depression levels of 170 international students enrolled in three public U.S. universities. Data were collected using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) survey and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Over 60% of the sample reported anxiety and depressive symptoms, with 35.1% showing …

Repeated Allergen Exposure Induces Histaminergic Dysregulation And Depression-Like Behaviors In A Non-Anaphylactic Food Allergy Mouse Model, Danielle Germundson-Hermanson

Biomedical Sciences Posters and Presentations

▪ Food allergy is often comorbid with neuropsychiatric disorders such as anxiety1,2, depression1,2, OCD3, ADD/ADHD4, and autism5. ➢ The mechanism of how food allergy may impact brain function and behavior in certain allergic individuals has yet to be elucidated.

▪ Mast cells (MCs) are not only the effector cell of the hypersensitivity response but are also important in maintaining brain homeostasis6. ➢ MCs have been implicated in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders such as multiple sclerosis7,8.

▪ We have previously found in a mouse model of cow’s milk allergy (CMA) that intracranial MC numbers9 and histamine 3 receptor (H3R)10 increased after …

Cortical Demyelination And Depression-Like Behavior Are Associated With Histaminergic Dysregulation In A Mouse Model Of Peripheral Inflammation, Danielle Germundson-Hermanson

Biomedical Sciences Posters and Presentations

▪ Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system are increasing in prevalence world-wide1,2 and manifest as motor, behavioral, and/or cognitive defects3 . The etiology and pathophysiology of demyelinating diseases remain unclear.

▪ We have previously observed cortical demyelination in our mouse model of non-anaphylactic cow’s milk allergy4 . The demyelination was associated with depression-like behaviors and region-specific increases in brain histamine and H3 receptor (H3R) levels4,5 .

❖ The brain’s central histaminergic system is tightly controlled and regulates many behaviors. Additionally, signaling through H3R plays a crucial role in oligodendrocyte differentiation, and thus, demyelination and remyelination6 .

▪ We hypothesized …

Accent Services: Considering The Perspectives Of Non-Native Speakers Of English For A Culturally Affirming Practice, Kristopher Kilgallon

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Accent “modification” is a type of service offered by speech-language pathologists (SLPs) that is intended to, among other things, help speakers improve their intelligibility in a target second language. This area of practice has been, and continues to be, a controversial topic amongst scholars and practitioners. To explore and understand the perspectives of non-native speakers of English regarding their participation in accent services, the present study employed a qualitative research design using individual, semi-structured interviews. Ten adult non-native speakers of English (female: n = 7; male: n = 3), with ages between 28 and 47 years old (M = …

Prenatal Buprenorphine Exposure Reduces Expression Of Myelin Proteins In Neonatal Longs-Evans Rat, Christopher James Grahe

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

In the USA and especially in WV, there has been a surge in the rise of opioid use disorder (OUD), and with it a rise in neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). What makes this rise in NAS so unfortunate is that the Medications for OUD (MOUD) do not prevent the development of NAS. Although the relationship between MOUD and NAS is still unclear, it is thought that buprenorphine, one of the main substances used to treat OUD in pregnant women, may feed into the development of NAS, which may affect mental and physiological development and cause other health problems. Via understanding …

Impact Of State-Led Surveillance Programs On Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome, Patricia Lewis

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Introduction: Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) has been costly for the healthcare system, for every 24 minutes a baby was diagnosed in 2020. Uniform programs to diagnosis, track and prevent NAS have not been implemented previously. The NCBDDD worked with 6 states to implement a uniform surveillance program. By tracking the NAS incidence rate, the Apgar scores of infants with NAS, the length of stay for those infants, the cost of care for those infants and the percentage of mothers of infants with NAS were participating in Medication Assisted Treatment the effectiveness of the surveillance programs may be assessed.

Methodology: This …

Life Skills Intervention For Formerly Incarcerated Individuals At Maricopa Reentry Center, Dalenna Bellum

OT Student Capstones

The rates of incarceration quickly rose in the United States in the late 1900’s in response to change in legislation in favor of more tough on crime movements and policy. In addition to these movements and other social, environmental, and demographic factors, certain groups of individuals faced increased risk for incarceration and increased challenges before, during, and after incarceration. The purpose of this doctoral capstone experience and report is to explore challenges during community reentry after incarceration that can lead to re-arrest, or recidivism. This is a crucial time because without the appropriate tools, resources, and supports, the individual is …

Effect Of A Wilderness Rafting Trip On Disability Identity With Those Who Have Physical Disabilities, Kathryn Bauer

OT Student Capstones

Background: Disability identity is a concept that can occur when one focuses their identity and purpose on their disability. This can be positive or negative and have direct effects on one’s quality of life. Several studies have found that being in the wilderness has improved one’s self-perception, community, and goals for the future. This project aims to measure, after going on a 12-day rafting trip in the Grand Canyon, if there is any change on one’s disability identity, as well as to analyze accessibility for those with physical disabilities.

Method: Six participants with physical disabilities were included. All …

Effects Of Physical Activity, Play And Mindfulness-Based Interventions On Emotional Regulation And Emotional Awareness Skills In Adults With Developmental Disabilities At A Day-Time Assistance Program, Aaron Arndt

OT Student Capstones

Background: According to literature, deficiencies in emotional regulation and emotional awareness skills are more prevalent among adults diagnosed with developmental disabilities. Limited research shows promising support that the use of noninvasive treatments such as exercise, and play can promote emotional well-being among this population. This project aims to better understand the benefits of physical activity, play, and mindfulness-based interventions on emotional regulation skills in adults with developmental disabilities who attend a day-time assistance program.

Method: This 14-week capstone project was conducted at Lauren’s Institute for Education’s Adult Day Treatment (DTA) program. The occupational therapy doctorate (OTD) student developed and implemented …

Assessment Of Patient And Surgeon Perception On Prophylactic Mesh: A Standard Gamble, Kayla Nguyen, Duyen Quach, Niharika Neela, Nicole Lyons, Oscar Olavarria

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2023

No abstract provided.

A Case Of Embolic Stroke Due To Native Mitral Valve Pasteurella Multocida Infective Endocarditis, Alexia Foy-Crowder, Omar Kandah, Mohamed Faris

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2023

No abstract provided.

Perforated Sigmoid Diverticulitis Within A Strangulated Inguinal Hernia, Christen E. Chaconas, Patrick D. Melmer, Aaron D. Pinnola, Isabella C. Moncada

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2023

No abstract provided.

Puzzling Painful Cutaneous Nodules: A Sign To Dig Deeper, Preetha Kamath, Angelia Stepien, Brandon Beal, Courtney Bernett, Karthik Krishnamurthy

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2023

No abstract provided.

Implementing Point-Of-Care Ultrasound (Pocus) Training As Part Of The Curriculum For Family Medicine Residents: An Approach To Incorporate Pocus In Primary Care, Nikita Sijapati, Byron Markel, Evan Stone, Edgar Mercado

West Florida Division GME Research Day 2023

No abstract provided.

Performance Of Amiodarone As A First-Line Pharmacologic Agent To Treat New Onset Atrial Fibrillation In Patients With Sepsis And Septic Shock: A Retrospective Cohort Study In A Large U.S. Hospital System, Blerina Asllanaj, Elizabeth Benge, Don Pepito

Far West Division GME Research Day 2023

No abstract provided.

Forum Discussion Indicates Favorable Views Of Jak Inhibitors For Atopic Dermatitis, Nicole Levin, Karan Rajalingam, Ashley Wentworth, Leila Tolaymat

East Florida Division GME Research Day 2023

Background: There is increasing discussion online concerning the management of atopic dermatitis (AD). Patients often document their subjective experience of a given treatment. It remains to be determined if the experiences vary based on treatment or align with efficacy.

Objective: To determine which treatments are associated with positive or negative experiences.

Methods: The largest online AD platform was searched for posts that only discussed a singular treatment. The discovered 28,159 posts were rated “positive” or “negative” by DistilBERT, a pre-trained sentiment analysis model that derives from BookCorpus, a collection of 11,038 books containing 74 million sentences. Positive sentiment proportions (PSP), …