Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

An Unexpected Case Of Herpes Simplex Virus Esophagitis Presenting Amidst Corticosteroid Therapy For An Acute Copd Exacerbation: A Case Report, Aqeel Khanani, Kayvan Mirhadi

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is prevalent worldwide, with a recent report by the World Health Organization estimating that 3.7 billion individuals under the age of 50 have been infected by the virus. After the initial infection, HSV-1 enters a latent phase with the potential for intermittent reactivation, often secondary to episodes of infection, stress, or immunosuppression. Per current literature review, esophageal involvement in the form of herpes simplex virus esophagitis (HSVE) is more commonly associated with immunocompromised patients, such as transplant recipients and HIV-positive individuals. The patient discussed in this report is a 79-year-old female with a past medical history …

Ex-Smokers With And Without Copd: Investigating Ct Pulmonary Vascular, Airway, Pulmonary Artery And Aorta Measurements, Vedanth Desaigoudar, Paulina V. Wyszkiewicz, Alexander M. Matheson, Maksym Sharma, Marrissa J. Mcintosh, Harkiran K. Kooner, David G. Mccormack, Grace Parraga

Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference

RATIONALE: Pulmonary hypertension is characterized by increased pressure in the pulmonary artery, and is a key contributor to worsening symptoms in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The pulmonary artery to aorta diameter ratio (PA:Ao), measured using computed tomography (CT), is a biomarker of pulmonary hypertension; however, longitudinal changes in this measurement and its relationship to pulmonary vascular and airway structural changes is not well understood. Our objective was to investigate longitudinal changes in PA:Ao and its relationship with CT pulmonary vascular and airway abnormalities, airflow limitation and exercise-capacity.

Metabolomics In Pulmonary Medicine: Extracting The Most From Your Data, Stacey N. Reinke, Romanas Chaleckis, Craig E. Wheelock

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The metabolome enables unprecedented insight into biochemistry, providing an integrated signature of the genome, transcriptome, proteome and exposome. Measurement requires rigorous protocols combined with specialised data analysis to achieve its promise.

Prevalence Of Suspected Poor Bone Health In People With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - A Cross-Sectional Exploratory Study, Erin Cecins, Vinicius Cavalheri, Dennis R. Taaffe, Anne Marie Hill, Sarah Hug, Kylie Hill

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Compared to the general population, adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have an increased prevalence of osteoporosis. Despite the known risk factors and potential complications of compromised bone health in COPD, little is known about whether poor bone health is routinely suspected. We measured, in people with COPD, the prevalence of those who had one or more indicators suggestive of suspected poor bone health, and compared the characteristics of those with versus without these indicators. Methods: Data were collected from adults with COPD presenting to three tertiary hospitals. Indicators of suspected poor bone health were defined as any …

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Pathophysiology, Alex Thompson

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

This poster presentation overviews the pathophysiologic process and accompanying disease characteristics associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). COPD is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Studies suggest that its incidence will only increase in the future. COPD risk factors include smoking tobacco, environmental chemical/pollution irritants, and genetic predisposition. Smoking is the most common cause of COPD, and cessation can improve patient outcomes drastically. This chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overview discusses the importance of knowledge of COPD, signs, symptoms, pathophysiology, peri-operative management, treatments, and prevention.

Role Of Novel Immunoregulatory Long Noncoding Rnas In Airway Epithelial Pathophysiology And Chronic Pulmonary Disease, Marko Manevski

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

COPD is currently the third leading cause of death globally, accounting for approximately 6% of all deaths in 2019, and cigarette smoke (CS) is the primary risk factor for disease development.

Transcriptomic analysis of a 3D in vitro model using differentiated human airway epithelial cells (AECs) identified a novel lncRNA on the antisense strand of ICAM-1 or LASI that showed increased expression upon CS exposure. The lncRNA was significantly upregulated in CS-induced Rhesus macaque airways and in human COPD airways that exhibited higher mucus expression and goblet cell hyperplasia, which was recapitulated in vitro. Blocking lncRNA expression in cell culture …

Investigation Of Cumulative Genetic Risk And Cc16 In Adult Asthma And Copd Populations, Kelli C. Gribben

Theses & Dissertations

INVESTIGATION OF CUMULATIVE GENETIC RISK AND CC16 IN ADULT ASTHMA AND COPD POPULATIONS

Kelli C. Gribben, Ph.D.

University of Nebraska Medical Center, 2022

Supervisors: Paraskevi A. Farazi and Tricia D. LeVan, Ph.D.

Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) have complex etiologies and lack biological predictors that can be used for primary prevention, early detection, progression, or monitoring. Genetic risk scores (GRS) aggregate genetic effects from GWAS-identified susceptibility variants associated with a trait. GRS may provide opportunities to improve disease prediction to inform public health and clinical interventions. Asthma GRS studies utilizing multi-ethnic populations are scarce and there is a …

Discharge Care Bundle To Reduce Copd 30-Day Readmission Rates In A Hospital Acute Care Unit, Dao Vang

Student Scholarly Projects

Practice Problem: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) readmissions severely impact patients’ health, mortality, and quality of life and increase unnecessary healthcare use and spending. Utilization of a protocol and discharge care bundle to reduce the readmission rate for COPD patients is critical to combat the problem.

PICOT: The PICOT question that guided this project was in adult patients 65 years or older admitted to a hospital acute care unit for acute exacerbation of COPD (P), does a protocol and discharge care bundle (I) compared to no protocol and no discharge care bundle (C) reduce the 30-day hospital COPD readmission rate …

A Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Pilot Using Risk Stratification To Improve Resource Allocation And Reduce Readmissions, Linda Gould

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) impacts 250 million people, is associated with high hospital readmission rates, and costs over $50 billion annually. Purpose: Apply risk stratification identifying higher risk patients to prioritize complex, time-consuming interventions and resources. Methods: Patients hospitalized with COPD were risk stratified using PEARL. Moderate-high risk patients were referred to specialty nurse practitioners, who used real-time interventions and motivational interviewing during intense weekly visits over 30 days targeting self-management, patient-specific risks, and resources. Results: No patients were readmitted or died during the pilot using risk stratification with patient-specific tertiary preventive care to …

Quantifying The Effect Of Monitor Wear Time And Monitor Type On The Estimate Of Sedentary Time In People With Copd: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Fiona Coll, Vinicius Cavalheri, Daniel F. Gucciardi, Sheldon Wulff, Kylie Hill

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

In studies that have reported device-based measures of sedentary time (ST) in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), we explored if the monitor type and monitor wear time moderated the estimate of this measure. Five electronic databases were searched in January 2021. Studies were included if >70% of participants had stable COPD, and measures of ST (min/day) were collected using wearable technology. Meta-regression was used to examine the influence of moderators on ST, monitor type, and wear time. The studies identified were a total of 1153, and 36 had usable data for meta-analyses. The overall pooled estimate of ST …

The Effect Of 3-Week Sanatorium Rehabilitation On Exercise Capacity And Subjective Perception Of Health Of Patients With Asthma And Copd, Rafal Szafraniec, Piotr Jozefowski, Anna Chojnowska

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Asthma and COPD are common diseases of the respiratory system. An important element in the medical treatment of these patients is physiotherapy, focused on the reduction of symptoms and improvement of quality of life. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the response of patients with asthma and COPD on a three-week sanatorium rehabilitation in terms of exercise capacity and perception of health. Material/Methods: COPD group (n = 17; age 52 ±3 years); asthma group (n = 20; age 55 ±5 years). During the three-week rehabilitation, patients used breathing and group exercises, inhalation, magnetic therapy, crenotherapy, Sollux …

Impact Of Pulmonary Rehabilitation Stewardship Program On Copd Patients, Qi Project, Salem Thabet, Mamta S. Chhabria, Muhammad Ali Naveed, Leela Kt. Boppana, Michael N. Gurell

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has multiple benefits in COPD patient. There are multiple barriers to utilize PR including lack of knowledge about the benefits of PR by providers. Objective: We are conducting a Quality Improvement project to improve the referral rate of patients hospitalized for acute exacerbation of COPD to PR. Methods: All patients admitted with a primary diagnosis of acute exacerbation of COPD requiring systemic steroids to Rochester General Hospital in the period between 7/1/2019 and 7/31/2019 were reviewed retrospectively. Between 7/15/2020 and 11/15/2020, we started a PR stewardship program, where we daily review patients hospitalized with acute COPD …

A Provider Needs Assessment For A Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program At A Rural Community Hospital, Shelbie Cosby

Doctor of Nursing Practice Scholarly Project

Pulmonary rehabilitation is a comprehensive rehabilitation program that utilizes exercises and education in order to assist with the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by decreasing COPD exacerbations and increasing patient quality of life. A critical component to proposing a pulmonary rehabilitation program at a rural community hospital involves the support for a program by the potential referring providers. It is theorized that positive thoughts and attitudes towards pulmonary rehabilitation by providers correlates with support and ongoing success of a pulmonary rehabilitation program. A survey of providers associated with Labette Health was conducted to assess such attitudes and thoughts …

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (Copd), Whitney R. Stant

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

To make a safe anesthetic plan, a nurse anesthetist must evaluate a patient's medical history. Anesthesia providers will encounter patients with COPD requiring anesthesia. It is necessary that nurse anesthesia understands the pathophysiology and peri-operative considerations to provide safe care to COPD patients. The poster provided can be a tool to review the pathophysiology and nursing implementations of COPD. It provides information for the nurse anesthetist to apply to the perioperative setting to improve patients’ surgery outcomes. An anesthetist is always striving to provide quality anesthesia care to their patients. COPD patients require extra preparation to prevent complications from arising …

Effects Of The Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program On Copd Readmissions And Costs., Heather O'Connell

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Readmissions for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are a major contributor to healthcare costs and patient outcomes. The Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP) by the Centers of Medicare and Medicaid was implemented to decrease high rates of readmissions for serious medical problems, including COPD. The purpose of this study was to determine whether HRRP resulted in reductions in readmissions and costs for COPD patients. The Donabedian model was used as the theoretical framework to investigate three research questions concerning whether there are statistically significant differences in terms of readmission rates, total charges, and primary type of insurance payment before and …

An Integrated Care Transitions Program And 30-Day Readmission Rates For Heart Failure And Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Kathryn J. Martinez

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The impact of hospital readmissions on an organization includes reimbursement penalties, elevated mortality and morbidity rates, increased health care expenditures, and poor quality of life for the community’s residents. This study examined the impact of an integrated care transitions program on the 30-day readmission rates for heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) within an independent rural community health care organization in Middle America. The two research questions pertained to the relationships pre-and post-implementation of this program to the 30-day readmission rates for these two disease processes. The Donabedian model examined the structure and function of an integrated care …

Developing An Evaluation Process For Telehealth In A Copd Clinic, Jodi H. Biller

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports

Background: Telehealth was broadly implemented as a care modality in response to a worldwide pandemic in 2020. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, while telehealth was not new, it was not widely utilized at the project site location, and a uniform method of evaluating its effectiveness was needed. This quality assurance project developed and piloted a uniform process to evaluate telehealth in a Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) clinic, then evaluated stakeholder perceptions about the process used in developing the evaluation tool.

Methods: The telehealth evaluation tool was developed using the National Quality Forum (NQF) framework and Global Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) …

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Phenotypes In Turkey: The Copet Study-A National, Multicenter Cross-Sectional Observational Study, Esra Yazar, Burcu Arpinar Yi̇ği̇tbaş, Can Öztürk, Mukadder Çalikoğlu, Gazi̇ Gülbaş, Muzaffer Onur Turan, Hülya Doğan Şahi̇n, Nurhan Sarioğlu, Nevi̇n Taci̇ Hoca, Fulsen Bozkuş, Seda Tural Önür, Ni̇hal Arzu Mi̇ri̇ci̇, Nalan Ogan, Ni̇lgün Yilmaz Demi̇rci̇, Burcu Yormaz

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: While mortality rates decrease in many chronic diseases, it continues to increase in COPD. This situation has led to the need to develop new approaches such as phenotypes in the management of COPD. We aimed to investigate the distribution, characteristics and treatment preference of COPD phenotypes in Turkey. Materials and methods: The study was designed as a national, multicenter, observational and cross-sectional. A total of 1141 stable COPD patients were included in the analysis. Results: The phenotype distribution was as follows: 55.7% nonexacerbators (NON-AE), 25.6% frequent exacerbators without chronic bronchitis (AE NON-CB), 13.9% frequent exacerbators with chronic bronchitis (AE-CB), …

The Evaluation Of Disease Awareness, Caregiver Burden, And Workday Loss In Caregivers Ofcopd Patients, Ayşe Baha, Nurdan Köktürk, Burcu Öztürk Şahi̇n, Eli̇f Yildirim, İpek Özmen, Alev Gürgün, Ayşe Füsun Topçu, Evri̇m Eylem Akpinar, Funda Elmas Uysal, Hadi̇ce Seli̇moğlu Şen, Nalan Ogan, Yeşi̇m Önder, Ömer Tamer Doğan, Mehmet Polatli, Züleyha Bi̇ngöl

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Our aim is to determine the caregiver burden of chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) patient's caregivers, and to determine whether there is a workday loss. Materials and methods: 252 COPD patients and their caregivers were included. Disease information of the patients were recorded and a questionnaire was applied. Socio-demographic characteristics of the caregivers were recorded and a questionnaire consisting of 24 questions including COPD disease, treatment and loss of working days, and the Zarit Scale were used. Results: 128(50.8%) of the patients according to GOLD were group-D, 97(38.5%) of the patient's relatives were working, 62(24.7%) were not able to …

Examination Of Diaphragm Thickness, Mobility And Thickening Fraction In Individuals With Copd Of Different Severity, Ceyhun Topcuoğlu, Eylem Tütün Yümi̇n, Mustafa Hizal, Suat Konuk

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Diaphragm thickness and mobility assessed by ultrasound in individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) reflect the function of the diaphragm. The aim of this study is to compare the diaphragm thickness, mobility, and thickening fraction in individuals with COPD of different severity and healthy individuals and examine the relationship between these parameters and pulmonary function test parameters. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional observational study design was used. Thirty individuals (mild = 11; moderate = 13; severe = 6) with COPD and 29 healthy male individuals aged between 40-75 years were included in the study. The individuals included in …