Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Low Acceptance Of Helmet-Use And Injuries From Motorcycle Accidents In Rawalpindi And Abbottabad, Pakistan, Maryam Siddiqa, Gulzar H. Shah, A. Munam

Department of Health Policy and Community Health Faculty Publications

Background: Motorcycle accidents are a major cause of head injuries and the current study evaluated the beneficial impact and effectiveness of helmet usage among injured Motorcycle users. This study has been performed to observe the Motorcycle collisions within 6 months in Rawalpindi and Abbottabad cities of Pakistan

Objectives: Implications of helmet usage were assessed and the risk factors for severe injury during motorcycle accidents were identified.

Results: The multivariate analysis indicated that riders without a helmet were more likely to experience severe (AOR, 2.216; 95% CI, 2.02 to 10.5) or moderate injury (AOR, 1.215; 95% CI, 0.84 …

Ableist Ideologies Stifle Neurodiversity And Hinder Inclusive Education, Marie Adrienne R. Manalili

Ought: The Journal of Autistic Culture

This paper makes the case that ableist ideologies hinder trends towards inclusion on a broader global scale and beyond Anglo-American standpoints, as evidenced by key literature and legislations on inclusive education. I also discuss the issues, challenges, and dilemmas generated by these ableist ideologies in my professional context as an autistic speech-language therapist from the Philippines. I conclude with my reflection on how practitioners can help change the trajectory towards emancipatory inclusive practices that are informed by the neurodiversity paradigm. To respect the preference of the communities and the intersection of identities I represent, this paper uses inclusive identity-first language …

Research Report: Social Isolation And Loneliness Experiences Among People With Disabilities Before And During Covid-19, University Of Montana Rural Institute

Health and Wellness

Increased risk and fear of exposure to COVID-19 may impact social isolation and loneliness among vulnerable populations who are disproportionately at risk of COVID-19 complications, like people with disabilities. In a previous report, research findings showed people with disabilities experienced more than double the rates of social isolation and loneliness compared to those without disabilities before the COVID-19 pandemic. While recent data indicates rates of social isolation and loneliness have increased for the general population with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, less is known how rates of social isolation and loneliness have shifted for people with disabilities. Data in …

The Debate On Physician-Assisted Death In The United States: A Narrative Analysis Of Formula Stories, Rebecca Blackwell

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Public policy discussions can be viewed as empirical windows into broadly shared culturalvalues and emotions of the social contexts in which the policy discussions take place. This project is a narrative analysis of the public debate on physician-assisted death (PAD), drawing from three data sources: newspaper articles, the websites of social movement organizations, and testimonies from a state legislative hearing. This analysis explores ways in which social actors deploy personal stories that contribute to shape the policy-making process by appealing to cultural beliefs and broadly shared emotions. The findings of this project constitute a contribution to the study of emotions …

Social Isolation And Loneliness Among Rural And Urban People With Disabilities, University Of Montana Rural Institute

Health and Wellness

Social connection is the experience of interacting with and feeling connected to other people. A lack of social connections can lead to social isolation and loneliness. Social isolation is an objective measure based on a limited number of social connections. Loneliness is the perception of being isolated or feeling alone. Both social isolation and loneliness are associated with adverse physical and mental health outcomes. Researchers used data from two national surveys to understand the experiences of social isolation and loneliness among people with disabilities. Findings indicate people with disabilities report higher rates of social isolation and loneliness than people without …

A Scoping Review Of Barriers And Facilitators To Pap Testing In Women With Disabilities And Serious Mental Illnesses: Thirty Years After The Americans With Disabilities Act, Michele S. Lee, Jillian R. Peart, Julie S. Armin, Heather J. Williamson

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Background: Thirty years after the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) was passed, promising equal access to health services for people with disabilities and serious mental illness, research on Pap testing continues to uncover health disparities among women with disabilities and women with serious mental illnesses, including those that identify as an ethnic/racial minority.

Aim: The purpose of this paper is to describe and present the literature on the barriers and facilitators women with disabilities and women with serious mental illnesses face with receiving a Pap test using the social ecological model. We also examined the degree to which …

Endovascular Treatment For Acute Stroke Patients With A Pre-Stroke Disability: An International Survey, Sanjana Salwi, Jan A. Niec, Ameer E. Hassan, Christopher J. Lindsel, Pooja Khatri, J. Mocco, Jeffrey L. Saver, Eva A. Mistry

School of Medicine Publications and Presentations

Background: It is unclear what factors clinicians consider when deciding about endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in acute ischemic stroke patients with a pre-existing disability. We aimed to explore international practice patterns and preferences for EVT in patients with a pre-stroke disability, defined as a modified Rankin score (mRS) ≥ 2.

Methods: Electronic survey link was sent to principal investigators of five major EVT trials and members of a professional interventional neurology society.

Results: Of the 81 survey-responding clinicians, 57% were neuro-interventionalists and 33% were non-interventional stroke clinicians. Overall, 64.2% would never or almost never consider EVT for a patient …

Barriers To Social Inclusion For The Children And Adolescents With Disabilities In India: A Scoping Review, Asish Das

Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Theses and Dissertations

INTRODUCTION: Social inclusion is a complex and often misunderstood concept by our society. Few studies have documented the degree of loneliness, bullying and exclusion often experienced by children and adolescents throughout their lives. Most of the articles talks about the barriers like physical, attitudinal, curricular, communication, economical, time and skills, environmental that confront with inclusion of children and adolescents with special needs. It has been realized that most of the people with disabilities can lead a better quality of life, if they have equal opportunities and effective access to rehabilitation measures. AIM: To identify the barriers in social inclusion for …

Disability And Healthcare Access In Morocco: Social And Cultural Influences, Christa Shipman

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

I stepped into the SIT Multiculturalism and Human Rights program as a pre-physical therapy student with experience working and volunteering in the disability rights arena. Striking personal encounters with Moroccans combined with these past experiences drew me to investigate how social and cultural factors influence access to healthcare for people with disabilities. I hypothesized that access to medical care is limited by social or cultural mindsets, perceptions, or beliefs for those in my target population. This subject is relevant to Morocco as a developing country and as a society with, in some cases, fixed social dynamics, while in other areas …

An Educational Resource For Young Adults With Disabilities, Their Caregivers, And Clinicians In The Driver Learning Environment, Destinee Logan, Missy Bell, Angela Labrie Blackwell

Summer 2021 Virtual OTD Capstone Symposium

Driving and community mobility are essential occupations for growing independence and identity. Young adults who are transitioning into adulthood have a desire to engage in their community, and it is at this time that an interest in driving begins. Driving is a complex occupation that requires in-depth education and experience to safely participate in.

Learning to drive can be challenging, especially for a person with a disability. Young adults with disabilities confront several community concerns that limit their ability to participate in the meaningful activity of driving. Those with disabilities often rely on their support systems to help guide their …

People With Disabilities Still At Risk In Congregate Care Settings, University Of Montana Rural Institute

Health and Wellness

This report provides an analysis of data to better understand where cases and deaths are rising in nursing homes as of August 8 2021. We hope this analysis can help support local community planning and networking among rural partners to improve outcomes.

• COVID-19 cases among residents and staff are on the rise in nursing homes with the steepest increases in urban areas and in the South and Midwest.
• Disabled people are disproportionately overrepresented in the resident populations of unsafe congregate settings, such as nursing homes.
• Vaccination rates across both residents and staff in nursing homes have stagnated.
• Policy priorities should …

They Said: Coaching Alongside Families In Early Intervention, Beth K. Elenko

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

No abstract provided.

Sense Of Effort Is Distorted In People With Chronic Low Back Pain, Michel W. Coppieters, Jesper Andersen, Håvard Selbæk, Kjell Herland, Rahma Ajja, Harald Markussen, Paul W. Hodges

All Works

Background: Proprioceptive deficits in people with low back pain (LBP) have traditionally been attributed to altered paraspinal muscle spindle afference and its central processing. Studies conducted in the upper limb demonstrated that sense of effort is also an important source of kinaesthetic information. Objectives: To better understand proprioceptive deficits in people with chronic LBP (cLBP), this study aimed to test whether sense of effort is affected in people with cLBP. Design: Cross-sectional study. Method: Fourteen participants with cLBP and fourteen healthy participants performed a 120 s force matching task with their trunk extensor muscles at a low intensity. Results: When …

Insights From An Inaugural Eight-Month Interprofessional Collaborative Co-Design Educational Experience Between Occupational Therapy And Industrial Design, Rebecca Brown, Kimberly S. Mollo, Madalyn Peterson, Mikael Avery, Eric Schneider, Tod Corlett

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

The design of the built environment greatly impacts how all types of individuals and populations actively participate in their daily lives. Lack of access in the built environment for disabled populations remains a daily reality, negatively impacting engagement and life satisfaction, leading to isolation, loneliness, and depression. A university in the Northeastern United States sought to expand current constructs of the end-user and environment within a universal design (UD) perspective. On an eight-month inaugural interprofessional collaborative co-design experience, third-year occupational therapy doctoral (OTD) students were embedded in a first-year masters of industrial design (MSID) curriculum, which ran the course of …

Exploring Tactile Art-Making With Deafblind Students And Their Families: An Opportunity For Creative Play, Alice Rodgers

Expressive Therapies Capstone Theses

The impact of a deafblind diagnosis on an individual’s mental health and the well-being of the family involved can be profound. However, current research and available literature for the mental health treatment and therapy practices of deafblind persons and their families is limited (Kyzar et al., 2016; “WFDB Global Report 2018,” n.d.). This thesis used the Leeds Family Psychology and Therapy Service principles (Leeds FPTS) and the Expressive Therapies Continuum with established deafblind teaching strategies to facilitate an original arts-based community project entitled: “Things We Like.” This project provided an opportunity for deafblind students (ages three to 22) and their …

Designing For Disability: Making Activities Of Daily Living More Manageable Through 3d Printing, Mashaal Syed, Anne Egan, Denah Appelt

Research Day

Introduction: While there have been many innovations developed for those with physical disabilities in recent years, a multitude of unmet needs still remain. With the advent of new and affordable technologies such as 3D printing, it is now more possible than ever before to bring one’s ideas to life; from creating customized prosthetics to wheelchair attachments for water bottles and umbrellas, we are able to quickly realize potentials otherwise unlikely - and in turn, we have the capacity to make the activities of daily living more manageable for those with physical disabilities.

Objectives: By personally hearing from individuals with physical …

Disability Awareness Education And Implications For Genetic Counselor Training, Lauren Douglas, Chelsea Wagner, Jennifer Czerwinski, Myla Ashfaq, Rebecca Lunstroth, Rose Vukoic

Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)

The genetic counseling (GC) community has faced criticism concerning the duality of promoting patient autonomy while advocating for individuals with disabilities. Research suggests that focusing on the education of GC students could ensure GCs feel prepared to have conversations about disability, as well as strengthen the relationship with the disability community. This study aimed to evaluate the landscape of GC disability awareness education to identify gaps and strengths. The study also aimed to assess attitudes and perspectives of GCs and the disability community to identify content that should be included in GC student’s disability awareness curriculum. GCs and members of …

Association Between Disability And Physical Activity Levels In Individuals With Serious Mental Illness, Rahul Shinde

Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Theses and Dissertations

Background: Every year 970 million people have a mental or substance use disorder globally. Approximately 7.5% i.e. 94 million of Indian population suffers from Serious Mental illness. Serious Mental Illness (SMI) is defined as any mental health condition that severely impairs anywhere from one to many critical life activities. Bipolar disorder and schizophrenia are prominent conditions associated with disability and less physical activity. The current research is intended to understand association between disability and physical activity levels in clinically stable individuals with SMI. Aim: To study the relation between disability and physical activity levels in individuals with serious mental illness. …

Future Healthcare Professionals’ Attitudes About The Sexuality Of Women With Intellectual Disabilities, Noel N. Tolvanen

Honors Thesis

Women with intellectual disabilities (WID) experience a number of systemic barriers to healthcare related to their sexuality and sexual expression. Additionally, they are vulnerable to sexual abuse which could lead to conditions that would adversely affect their health and wellbeing. There is a need for healthcare professionals to be able to provide comprehensive sexual healthcare to WID, and this service is currently lacking. To begin to address this gap in available care, content on the sexuality of WID in courses taken by undergraduate future healthcare providers (FHP) needs to be developed. To provide the foundation of such a curriculum, this …

The Psychosocial Outcomes Among Athletes And Youths With Disabilities, Coleen E. Martinez

Masters Theses

Background: Physical activity (PA) through sports participation can help people with disabilities (PWD) improve their health outcomes (physical, psychological and social). Children also participate in sports because it is fun. The majority of research has focused on the physical outcomes of PA. There is a national call to increase the research into the psychological benefits of PA among PWD.

Purpose: (1) To conduct a pilot study to utilize the Health through Sport Model to determine the effects of wheelchair basketball on physical self-perception and sport enjoyment in youth with disabilities. (2) To conduct a systematic review of research …

Association Between Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Index And Leukocyte Telomere Length In Adults: A Study From National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (Nhanes) 1999-2002, Lingzhi Chen, Nitin Shivappa Mbbs, Mph, Ph.D., Xiuxun Dong, Jinjing Ming

Faculty Publications

Background

A higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with shorter telomeres. The loss of muscle mass with aging is associated with adverse outcomes. The appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) is currently used to quantify muscle mass.

Objective

We investigated the association of the ASMI with leukocyte telomere length in adult Americans.

Methods

This cross-sectional study used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2002 dataset. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Low muscle mass was defined using sex-specific thresholds of the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI). The telomere-to-single-copy gene ratio (T/S ratio) was converted to …

Headache-Related Disability Among Individuals With And Without Migraine Aura, Delora Denney

Honors Theses

Migraine is a neurological disease marked by recurrent headache and migraine attacks. Migraine is one of the most common diseases in the world, and as a result of high prevalence and symptoms, migraine is also quite disabling. One-third of people who have migraine experience aura, and these individuals have a greater risk for stroke, psychiatric comorbidities, and suicide attempts. The present study aimed to evaluate if there was a difference in headache-related disability between those who have migraine with and without aura, and any headache or psychiatric factors that may account for observed difference in disability.

The present study is …

Mad Violence, White Victims, And Other Gun Violence Fictions: The Gap Between School Shootings And Systemic Gun Violence, Hayley C. Stefan

Research on Diversity in Youth Literature

No abstract provided.

Disability-Free Life Expectancy Among People Over 60 Years Old By Sex, Urban And Rural Areas In Jiangxi Province, China, Shengwei Wang, Songbo Hu, Pei Wang, Yuhang Wu, Zhitao Liu, Huilie Zheng

Statistics Graduate Research

Objective: To estimate and compare age trends and the disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) of the population over 60 years old in 2018 in Jiangxi Province, China, by sex and urban–rural areas. Methods: The model life table was employed to estimate the age-specific mortality rate by sex and urban–rural areas, based on the Summary of Health Statistics of Jiangxi Province in 2018 and the Sixth National Health Service survey of Jiangxi Province. DFLE and its ratio to life expectancy (LE) were obtained by the Sullivan method. Results: In 2018, the DFLE among people over 60 is 17.157 years for men and …

Postsecondary Education Students With Disabilities’ Perceptions Of Occupational Therapy-Led Coaching, Erin E. Harrington, Gabriella O. Santos, Marie-Christine Potvin

The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy

Background: Students with disabilities attending postsecondary education (PSE) institutions have poor degree progression, retention, and graduation rates. PSE institutions are addressing these challenges in various ways, including the delivery of occupational therapy (OT)-led coaching. There is emerging evidence that coaching increases academic success and self-determination in PSE. The students’ perspectives about the benefits of OT-led coaching intervention has yet to be explored.

Method: A phenomenological study was conducted using transcribed semi-structured interviews with 18 college students with disabilities. Qualitative data analysis was conducted through an immersive inter-coder process that included independent coding, comparison of codes, discrepancy resolution to …

Strategies For Promoting Engagement In Youth Advocacy Program, Dana Murray

OTD Capstone Projects

The focus of this capstone project was to increase participation in and awareness of Thiiirdspace, a youth program through Family Voices of Tennessee. This was primarily done through the use of Instagram and the creation of a marketing procedure.

America At A Glance: Covid-19 Vaccination Among People With Disabilities, University Of Montana Rural Institute

Health and Wellness

There is a lack of foucs on how people with disabilities are experiencing COVID-19 vaccination efforts. Addressing this knowledge gap is critical to ensuring that people with disabilities are considered as vaccination efforts progress during the ongoing pandemic and future health crises. Overall, 19% of our sample of people with disabilities reported already being vaccinated, 56% wanted to get vaccinated, 10% were unsure, and 15% did not want to be vaccinated. Rural residents with disabilities reported higher rates of current vaccination, but higher rates of overall hesitancy, and more barriers to vaccination than urban residents with disabilities. Political party affiliation …

Against Personal Ventilator Reallocation, Joel Michael Reynolds, Laura Guidry-Grimes, Katie Savin

All Faculty Scholarship

The COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease of 2019) pandemic has led to intense conversations about ventilator allocation and reallocation during a crisis standard of care. Multiple voices in the media and multiple state guidelines mention reallocation as a possibility. Drawing upon a range of neuroscientific, phenomenological, ethical, and sociopolitical considerations, the authors argue that taking away someone's personal ventilator is a direct assault on their bodily and social integrity. They conclude that personal ventilators should not be part of reallocation pools and that triage protocols should be immediately clarified to explicitly state that personal ventilators will be protected in all cases.

Authentic Representations Of Youth Who Stutter: An Analysis Of Children's And Adolescent Literature, Claire Elizabeth Howerton

WWU Honors College Senior Projects

This analysis seeks to explore the way in which characters who stutter are portrayed in children’s and adolescent literature. Using Joan Blaska’s criteria for reviewing depictions of characters with disabilities, I consider eight texts in how affectively they present the disability of stuttering and their main character. The eight texts considered include picture books, graphic novels, and traditional novels all centering on the story of a main character who stutters were considered. Four of these books are designed for ages four to twelve and are analyzed as children’s literature and the other four are written for ages eleven to eighteen …

Mental Illness Diagnosis And The Construction Of Stigma, Katie Lynn Walkup

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation explores how mental health legislation and related policy documents contribute to identification, diagnosis, and stigmatization. Using a mixed methods approach including content and stylometric text analysis with R as a heuristic for close and critical reading, I demonstrate how these documents normalize mental health concerns as a public threat. To do this work, I analyze how the Florida Mental Health Act (Chapter 394) and the Florida Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School Public Safety Act (SB 7026) circulate and sustain dominant narratives about mental illness. I trace where these narratives are distributed into Florida school districts’ mandatory mental health …