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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Understanding Water Diffusion In Experimental Spinal Cord Injury Remote From Injury Epicenter, Alice Motovylyak
Understanding Water Diffusion In Experimental Spinal Cord Injury Remote From Injury Epicenter, Alice Motovylyak
Dissertations (1934 -)
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has demonstrated success as a biomarker of spinal cord injury (SCI) severity as shown from numerous preclinical studies. However, artifacts from stabilization hardware at the lesion have precluded its use for longitudinal assessments. Previous research has documented ex vivo diffusion changes in the spinal cord both caudal and rostral to the injury epicenter. The aim of this dissertation was to quantify the structural changes that lead to different diffusion measures in the rat cervical spinal cord after a thoracic contusion injury in an attempt to find a biomarker of injury. Animals received a thoracic contusion injury …
Validation And Optimisation Of A Touchscreen Progressive Ratio Test Of Motivation In Male Rats, Jonathan M. Hailwood, Christopher J. Heath, Trevor W. Robbins, Lisa M. Saksida, Timothy J. Bussey
Validation And Optimisation Of A Touchscreen Progressive Ratio Test Of Motivation In Male Rats, Jonathan M. Hailwood, Christopher J. Heath, Trevor W. Robbins, Lisa M. Saksida, Timothy J. Bussey
Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications
© 2018, The Author(s). Rationale: Across species, effort-related motivation can be assessed by testing behaviour under a progressive ratio (PR) schedule of reinforcement. However, to date, PR tasks for rodents have been available using traditional operant response systems only. Objectives: Touchscreen operant response systems allow the assessment of behaviour in laboratory rodents, using tasks that share high face validity with the computerised assessments used in humans. Here, we sought to optimise a rat touchscreen variant of PR and validate it by assessing the effects of a number of manipulations known to affect PR performance in non-touchscreen paradigms. Methods: Separate groups …
Map7 Regulates Axon Morphogenesis By Recruiting Kinesin-1 To Microtubules And Modulating Organelle Transport., Stephen R. Tymanskyj, Benjamin Yang, Kristen J. Verhey, Le Ma
Map7 Regulates Axon Morphogenesis By Recruiting Kinesin-1 To Microtubules And Modulating Organelle Transport., Stephen R. Tymanskyj, Benjamin Yang, Kristen J. Verhey, Le Ma
Department of Neuroscience Faculty Papers
Neuronal cell morphogenesis depends on proper regulation of microtubule-based transport, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we report our study of MAP7, a unique microtubule-associated protein that interacts with both microtubules and the motor protein kinesin-1. Structure-function analysis in rat embryonic sensory neurons shows that the kinesin-1 interacting domain in MAP7 is required for axon and branch growth but not for branch formation. Also, two unique microtubule binding sites are found in MAP7 that have distinct dissociation kinetics and are both required for branch formation. Furthermore, MAP7 recruits kinesin-1 dynamically to microtubules, leading to alterations in organelle …
A Comparative Study On The Effect Of Aging On The Hippocampal Ca1 Area Of Male Albino Rat, Abeer E. El-Mehi, Fatma El-Nabawia A El-Safti, Rasha R. Selima, Wael B. El-Kholoy
A Comparative Study On The Effect Of Aging On The Hippocampal Ca1 Area Of Male Albino Rat, Abeer E. El-Mehi, Fatma El-Nabawia A El-Safti, Rasha R. Selima, Wael B. El-Kholoy
Menoufia Medical Journal
Objectives This work aimed to study the effect of aging on the structure of the hippocampus in the adult and aged male albino rats. Background Dementia is one of the most important problems nowadays. Aging is associated with learning and memory impairments. Aging is the progressive accumulation of changes with time that are associated with or responsible for the ever-increasing susceptibility to disease and death, which accompanies advancing age. The hippocampal formation is one of the most common brain areas affected by aging in both humans and other mammalian species. Materials and methods Eighteen male albino rats were divided into …
Compressed Sensing For Few-View Multi-Pinhole Spect With Applications To Preclinical Imaging, Benjamin Michael Rizzo
Compressed Sensing For Few-View Multi-Pinhole Spect With Applications To Preclinical Imaging, Benjamin Michael Rizzo
Dissertations (1934 -)
Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) can be used to identify and quantify changes in molecular and cellular targets involved in disease. A radiopharmaceutical that targets a specific metabolic function is administered to a subject and planar projections are formed by imaging emissions at different view angles around the subject. The reconstruction task is to determine the distribution of radioactivity within the subject from the projections. We present a reconstruction approach that utilizes only a few view angles, resulting in a highly underdetermined system, which could be used for dynamic imaging applications designed to quantify physiologic processes altered with disease. …
Biochemical And Biological Effects Of Irisin In A Model Of Diabetes Mellitus, Mohamed Omer Sirelkhatim Mahgoub
Biochemical And Biological Effects Of Irisin In A Model Of Diabetes Mellitus, Mohamed Omer Sirelkhatim Mahgoub
Dissertations
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a highly prevalent health problem affecting more than 425 million people worldwide. It is associated with several detrimental complications such as neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy and cardiovascular diseases. Irisin is a novel hormone that plays a role in metabolism by stimulating the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) into beige adipose tissue which acquires properties that are similar to those of brown adipose tissue (BAT). Several studies have attempted to characterize the roles of irisin in DM and obesity, however, contradictory results have been reported and physiological roles of irisin have been questioned by several researchers. In …
Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2 Agonist Jwh-133 Deteriorates The Liver Toxicity Induced By Cypermethrin*, Hi̇dayet Tutun, Emi̇ne Baydan
Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2 Agonist Jwh-133 Deteriorates The Liver Toxicity Induced By Cypermethrin*, Hi̇dayet Tutun, Emi̇ne Baydan
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
Cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) has a role in the pathology of some liver diseases. Cypermethrin (CYP) is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide used commonly for the control of pests and vectors, and for protection of foodstuffs. In this study, the involvement of CB2 in CYP-induced liver damage in rats was investigated. CYP was applied to rats orally at a dose of 125 mg/kg bw per day for 14 days. CB2 agonist JWH-133 was administered by intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 3 mg/kg bw per day for the last 4 days of CYP toxicity. JWH-133 deteriorated the liver damage induced by …
The Role Of Apoptosis And The Effect Of Epidermal Growth Factor On Proapoptotic Bnip 3 In An Experimental Rat Priapism Model, Osman Barut, Ahmet Karakeçi̇, Tunç Ozan, Fati̇h Firdolaş, Neci̇p Pi̇ri̇nççi̇, İrfan Orhan
The Role Of Apoptosis And The Effect Of Epidermal Growth Factor On Proapoptotic Bnip 3 In An Experimental Rat Priapism Model, Osman Barut, Ahmet Karakeçi̇, Tunç Ozan, Fati̇h Firdolaş, Neci̇p Pi̇ri̇nççi̇, İrfan Orhan
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Background/aim: This study aimed to investigate the effects of apoptosis-inducing Bcl-2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa-interacting protein 3 (BNIP 3) and antiapoptotic epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the pathophysiology of experimental low-flow priapism. Materials and methods: Twenty-four adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four equal groups. Group I was the control group. Ischemic priapism was induced for 4 h in Group II rats. In Group III, intraperitoneal EGF at 10 µg/kg was given for 7 days before induction of ischemic priapism for 4 h. In Group IV, intraperitoneal EGF at 20 µg/kg was given for 7 days before induction of ischemic priapism …
Effect Of Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibition On Joint And Muscle Damage In Rats Withadjuvant Arthritis, Fai̇ze Eli̇f Bahadir, Mustafa Kutay Köroğlu, Meral Yüksel, Feri̇ha Ercan, Yaşar İnci̇ Ali̇can
Effect Of Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibition On Joint And Muscle Damage In Rats Withadjuvant Arthritis, Fai̇ze Eli̇f Bahadir, Mustafa Kutay Köroğlu, Meral Yüksel, Feri̇ha Ercan, Yaşar İnci̇ Ali̇can
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Background/aim: This study was designed to examine the effect of tadalafil, a phosphodiesterase (PDE)5 inhibitor, on the severity of joint and muscle damage in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA). Materials and methods: AA was induced by intradermal inoculation into right hind paw of male Sprague Dawley rats (300-450g) with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA; 0.1 mL). AA rats were treated with either tadalafil (10 mg/kg; per oral) alone or along with the soluble guanylyl cyclase inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ; 10 mg/kg; intraperitoneally). After decapitation on day 16, trunk blood was collected for total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assays. …
Repaglinide Inhibits Cyclosporine A-Induced Renal Tubular Toxicityby Affecting Apoptosis And Bax And Bcl-2 Expression, Jin Li, Hui Li, Qi Xiong Li, Ying Xue
Repaglinide Inhibits Cyclosporine A-Induced Renal Tubular Toxicityby Affecting Apoptosis And Bax And Bcl-2 Expression, Jin Li, Hui Li, Qi Xiong Li, Ying Xue
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Background/aim: Repaglinide (RG) is a prandial glucose regulator used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Our recent study showed that RG plays an important role in cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced nephrotoxicity through its antioxidant properties. However, it is not known whether or not RG has any protective effect on CsA-induced renal tubular toxicity by affecting apoptosis and expression of apoptosis-associated protein. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of RG on CsA-induced renal tubule apoptosis and Bax and Bcl-2 protein expression in rats. Materials and methods: Forty male Sprague Dawley rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided …
Ginger (Zingiber Officinale) Prevents Severe Damage To The Lungs Due To Hyperoxia Andinflammation, Ati̇lla Çi̇fci̇, Cüneyt Tayman, Hali̇l İbrahi̇m Yakut, Hali̇t Hali̇l, Esra Çakir, Ufuk Çakir, Sali̇h Aydemi̇r
Ginger (Zingiber Officinale) Prevents Severe Damage To The Lungs Due To Hyperoxia Andinflammation, Ati̇lla Çi̇fci̇, Cüneyt Tayman, Hali̇l İbrahi̇m Yakut, Hali̇t Hali̇l, Esra Çakir, Ufuk Çakir, Sali̇h Aydemi̇r
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Background/aim: Hyperoxia- and inflammation-induced lung injury is an important cause of the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in premature infants. We aimed to ascertain the beneficial effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on rat pups exposed to hyperoxia and inflammation. Materials and methods: Thirty-six newborn Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups as the hyperoxia (95% O2) + lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group, the hyperoxia + LPS + ginger-treated group, and the control/no treatment group (21% O2). Pups in the hyperoxia + LPS + ginger group were administered oral ginger at a dose of 1000 mg/kg daily during the study period. Histopathologic, …
The Effect Of Generalized Seizure Activity On Ischemia-Induced Cardiac Arrhythmias And Myocardial Injury With Histopathological Evaluation In Anesthetized Rats, Ersöz Gonca, Fi̇gen Barut, Deni̇z Şahi̇n
The Effect Of Generalized Seizure Activity On Ischemia-Induced Cardiac Arrhythmias And Myocardial Injury With Histopathological Evaluation In Anesthetized Rats, Ersöz Gonca, Fi̇gen Barut, Deni̇z Şahi̇n
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Background/aim: Epileptic seizure leads to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) among affected patients. The causes of SUDEP are still unclear. The aim of this study was to research the effect of epilepsy on myocardial injury and arrhythmias during experimentally induced acute myocardial ischemia. Materials and methods: Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: sham, pentylentetrazole (PTZ) + sham, ischemia, and PTZ + ischemia groups. PTZ (65 mg/kg, ip) was given 2 h before ischemia. Seizure scoring was conducted by evaluating the PTZ-induced behavioral changes in the rats. The left main coronary artery was ligated in anesthetized rats for …
Demonstration Of The Effect Of Brivaracetam On An Experimental Epilepsy Model, Mustafa Çeti̇ner, Hasan Emre Aydin
Demonstration Of The Effect Of Brivaracetam On An Experimental Epilepsy Model, Mustafa Çeti̇ner, Hasan Emre Aydin
Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
Background/aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of valproic acid (VPA) and a new-generation antiepileptic drug called brivaracetam (BRV) on the brain damage occurring after status epilepticus (SE) in rats. Materials and methods: In our study, an experimental animal model of SE, generated by stereotaxically injecting 0.4-2 μg of kainic acid into the rat hippocampus, was used. The laboratory animals were divided into 4 groups: the first group was a sham group that was subjected to anesthesia and SE was not induced; the second group was a SE group, in which SE was induced using kainic …
The Effect Of Caffeine On Neuron Number Of Rats Exposedto 900-Mhz Electromagnetic Field, Aydin Him, Nimet Burcu Deniz, Mehmet Emi̇n Önger
The Effect Of Caffeine On Neuron Number Of Rats Exposedto 900-Mhz Electromagnetic Field, Aydin Him, Nimet Burcu Deniz, Mehmet Emi̇n Önger
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
Previous studies have shown that the electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted by cell phones decreased the number of neurons in some parts of the brain. It was also shown that caffeine protects the nerve cells. This study examines if caffeine has any effects on preventing neuron loss in rats exposed to EMF. Rats were exposed to a 900-MHz EMF for 60 min a day for 28 days. The rats that were exposed to EMF were fed 1 mg/L caffeinated water instead of tap water. The rats in the sham group were put inside the exposure chamber but were not exposed to …
Immunohistochemical Expression Of Secretory Proteins In Pneumonic Rat Lungs, Enver Beytut
Immunohistochemical Expression Of Secretory Proteins In Pneumonic Rat Lungs, Enver Beytut
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
The present study evaluated the expression of secretory proteins involving surfactant proteins (SP-A, SP-B, proSP-C), Clara cell secretory protein (CCSP), and thyroid transcription factor-I (TTF-I), together with lambda light chain IgG (λ-IgG), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and lymphocytic phenotypes (T and B cells) in the pneumonic rat lungs. The most prominent gross lesion was severe pulmonary abscession. The lungs showed severe parenchymal destruction and necrosis encapsulated by fibrous tissue. Immunostaining for SPs displayed evident hyperplasia of type II pneumocytes. Immunoreaction to SP-A and SP-B occurred strongly on the luminal surface of type II cells, and to proSP-C in the …