Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Chinese Immigrants With Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus: Nutritional Self-Management Approach, Winnie Manlai Wong

Student Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Background: Chinese immigrants (CIs) with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) generally have poor control in their diet regimen. Due to the variation in body mass, physiology, and cultural differences as compare with the general American population, special attention must be conducted in treating diabetes in Cis, emphasizing culturally sensitive care and nutrition therapy that acknowledge the differences. Purpose: The purpose of this project was to assess cultural challenges in self-management for CIs living with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and evaluate the effectiveness of a diabetic nutritional self-management guide tailored to this population. Theoretical Framework: Havelock’s theory of change is a …

Diagnosing And Treating Diabetes In Rural Jamaica, Emily C. Sims

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

Objective: This research study was conducted to determine the correlation between finger stick glucose and finger stick hemoglobin A1c values in order to draw conclusions about the redundancy of the two tests in a rural Jamaican traveling clinic setting. Methods: This study was conducted using de-identified data from an electronic health record used in clinics in St. Mary’s Parish, Jamaica. A correlational analysis was completed using the glucose and A1c variables to determine both the direction and strength of the correlation. Results: A positive correlation of 0.654549 was found in analysis. This correlation did not meet the set threshold for …

Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy Versus Laparoscopic Mini-Gastric Bypass In Management Of Morbid Obesity And Its Comorbidities, Elsayed A. Mostafa, Elsayed M. Abdel Wahab, Mohamed H. Gafar, Yehia G. Abo Sayed

Menoufia Medical Journal

Background Laparoscopic mini-gastric bypass (MGBP) is gaining popularity among the bariatric procedures today, and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG) as a single-stage procedure for the treatment of morbid obesity is becoming increasingly popular. Patients and methods Between October 2016 and July 2018, 50 obese patients were randomized, operated upon, and followed up for 12 months in Al Zahraa Hospital and Shebin El-Kom teaching Hospital. A total of 25 patients underwent SG, and 25 patients underwent MGBP. The mean BMI of all patients was 47.8 ± 5.5 kg/m², their mean age was 30 ± 8.3 years, and 80% of them …

Efficacy And Renal Outcomes Of Sglt2 Inhibitors In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes And Chronic Kidney Disease, Michael S. Kelly, Jelena Lewis, Ashley M. Huntsberry, Lauren Dea, Ivan Portillo

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Objective: To review glucose-lowering efficacy and changes in renal function associated with sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Data sources: A literature search of MEDLINE and Cochrane databases was performed from 2000 to August 2018 using search terms: SGLT2 inhibitors, sodium glucose co-transporter 2, canagliflozin, empagliflozin, dapagliflozin, ertugliflozin, and chronic kidney disease. References of identified articles were also reviewed.

Study selection and data extraction: English-language studies investigating glucose-lowering endpoints and/or changes in renal function with one of four U.S. approved SGLT2 inhibitors were included. A …

Pulmonary Mucormycosis In An Adolescent Female With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Erik Pennell, Iris Pecson, Craig Nakamura, Alvaro E. Galvis

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Mucormycosis is a relatively rare, life-threatening and opportunistic infection that affects immunocompromised patients. We present the unusual case of pulmonary mucormycosis in a 13-year-old Caucasian female that had recently been diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Our case serves as an example to healthcare providers treating immunosuppressed patients with pneumonia to have a high clinical suspicion for fungal infections, as delay in diagnosis and treatment can result in disseminated disease and higher patient mortality risk.

Predictors Of Glucose Control In Children And Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: Results Of A Cross-Sectional Study In Khartoum, Sudan, Zainab Taha, Zeinab Eltoum, Sidiga Washi

All Works

© 2018 Zainab Taha, Zeinab Eltoum, Sidiga Washi. BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a rapidly growing problem in Sudan as well as other African countries. Children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes have previously been found to have poor glycemic control. Strict glycemic control reduces the incidence and progression of chronic complications. AIM: This study aimed to identify the factors associated with glycemic control among children and adolescents. METHODS: The study was a health-centre based descriptive cross-sectional study. Data on socioeconomic, demographic, disease history, and diabetes-specific variables was obtained. Glycemic control was assessed by measuring glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C). …

Kaposi’S Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Seropositivity Is Associated With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case–Control Study In Xinjiang, China, Meng Cui, Qiwen Fang, Jun Zheng, Zhanjun Shu, Yin Chen, Yage Fan, Juan Zhao, Charles Wood, Tiejun Zhang, Yan Zeng

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Objective: To assess the potential relationship between Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2) in Xinjiang, China.

Methods: A case–control study of consecutively included DM-2 patients and normal controls was conducted among the Uygur and Han populations in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Blood samples were collected and KSHV seroprevalence, antibody titers, and viral load were investigated. Logistic regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were applied to explore determinants of the main outcome measures.

Results: A total of 324 patients with DM-2 and 376 normal controls were included. The seroprevalence of KSHV was 49.1% (95% …

Sapropterin Treatment Prevents Congenital Heart Defects Induced By Pregestational Diabetes Mellitus In Mice., Anish Engineer, Tana Saiyin, Xiangru Lu, Andrew S Kucey, Brad L Urquhart, Thomas A Drysdale, Kambiz Norozi, Qingping Feng

Paediatrics Publications

Background Tetrahydrobiopterin is a cofactor of endothelial NO synthase ( eNOS ), which is critical to embryonic heart development. We aimed to study the effects of sapropterin (Kuvan), an orally active synthetic form of tetrahydrobiopterin on eNOS uncoupling and congenital heart defects ( CHD s) induced by pregestational diabetes mellitus in mice. Methods and Results Adult female mice were induced to pregestational diabetes mellitus by streptozotocin and bred with normal male mice to produce offspring. Pregnant mice were treated with sapropterin or vehicle during gestation. CHD s were identified by histological analysis. Cell proliferation, eNOS dimerization, and reactive oxygen species …

Men’S Health In Industries: Plastic Plant Pollution And Prevalence Of Pre-Diabetes And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Sultan Ayoub Meo, Faris Jamal Almutairi, Majed Mohammed Alasbali, Turki Badr Alqahtani, Saad Saeed Almutairi, Rakan Abdulaziz Albuhayjan, Fawziah Al Rouq, Naseer Ahmed

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Plastic production is prominently increasing and its pollution is an emerging environmental global health concern. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among nonsmoking plastic industry workers. Three hundred and forty volunteers male plastic industry workers were interviewed after medical history and examination; finally, 278 nonsmoking plastic industry workers were selected. The mean age for the participants was 38.03 ± 10.86 years and body mass index was 25.52 ± 3.15 (kg/m)². The plastic industry workers had been exposed to plastic plant pollution for 8 hr daily, 6 days in a …

Dipeptidy L Peptidase 4 Enzyme In Chronic Hepatitis C, Alaa El Din A. Dawood, Basem M. El Sayed El Khyary, Mohamed A. Shaaban, Mohamed A. Helwa

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objective The objective of this study was to assess the role of serum dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and in chronic hepatitis C infection patients. Methods Our data sources were Medline databases (PubMed, Medscape, and Science Direct; EMF Portal). Articles with values of serum DPP-4 in patients with DM and in chronic hepatitis C patients from Medline databases were selected. We used the following search terms: DPP4/DM/HCV/GLP1/insulin resistance/fatty liver/antiviral drugs. The initial search presented nine articles, of which five met inclusion criteria. The articles studied the value of serum DPP-4 in patients with DM and …

A Study Of Hypogonadism In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Male Patients Attending Shebin Elkoum Teaching Hospital- Egypt, Ahmed M. Essa, Alaa El-Din A. Daood, Mohamed Z. Nouh, Mostafa G. El-Nagar

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objective To the objective of this article is to evaluate serum-free testosterone levels as an indicator of hypogonadism in male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Background DM is considered to be one of the most common chronic diseases. Male hypogonadism is characterized by low levels of serum testosterone and is closely linked to the development of diabetes. Patients and methods This study included 80 individuals recruited from the Internal Medicine Department of Shebin El-Kom Teaching Hospital, Menoufia, Egypt. They were classified into: a case group which included 40 patients of type 2 DM in the age group of …

Evaluation Of Pentraxin-3 Level In Patients With Diabetic Retinopathy, Ahmed Sonbol, Mohamed Zakarya Nouh, Mohammed Mogahed

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate serum pentraxin-3 (PTX3) levels as an indicator of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Background DR is responsible for 10.2% of worldwide visual loss. Pentraxin-3 is an acute phase protein secreted by different types of cells and correlates with the disease activity. Patients and methods A total of 80 individuals were included in the study. They were divided into three groups. Group 1 included 30, type 2 diabetic patients without retinopathy, group 2 included 30, type 2 diabetic patients with retinopathy, and group 3 included 20 …

Racial/Ethnic Disparities In Diabetes Care And Outcomes: A Mixed Methods Study, Yhenneko J. Taylor, Marion E. Davis, Rohan Mahabaleshwarkar, Melanie D. Spencer

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Limited research has examined racial/ethnic differences in diabetes care and outcomes among primary care patients. This study examined racial/ethnic differences in diabetes care and outcomes among an ambulatory patient population and explored patient perceptions of the patient-provider relationship to inform strategies to improve care delivery. Using data from 62,149 adults with diabetes who received care within Atrium Health in 2013, regression models assessed associations between race/ethnicity and the following outcomes: glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) tests, low density lipoprotein (LDL) and blood pressure (BP) screening, foot and eye exams, and HbA1c, LDL, and BP control. Eleven patients with diabetes and uncontrolled hypertension …

Should Patients With Diabetes Be Encouraged To Integrate Social Media Into Their Care Plan?, Arun R. Nelakurthi, Angela Marinilli Pinto, Curtiss B. Cook, Lynne Jones, Mary Boyle, Jieping Ye, Theodoros Lappas, Jingrui He

Publications and Research

AIM: To evaluate the use of social media of individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM).

MATERIALS & METHODS: Both web-based and in-clinic surveys were collected from individuals with DM. Descriptive and correlation analyses were employed to evaluate respondents' diabetes-specific social networking site behaviors.

RESULTS: Forty-five patients with DM completed the web-based survey and 167, the clinic-based survey, of whom only 40 visited diabetes-specific social networking sites. Analysis of online survey data indicated that self-reported adherence to lifestyle recommendations was significantly correlated (p < 0.01) with visiting the sites. Clinic-based survey data found that patients who reported using DM-specific web sites monitored home glucose values more often and had better compliance with insulin administration (both p < 0.05) compared with nonusers.

CONCLUSION: This study provides insight into why individuals visit DM-specific social networking sites. Certain self-management behaviors may improve as …

Duplex Ultrasound In The Evaluation Of Early Renal Hemodynamics Alteration In Type I Diabetics, Sherif M. Shalaby, Waleed A. Mousa, Zeinab A. Ali

Menoufia Medical Journal

Background Diabetic nephropathy affects ~40% of patients with type I diabetes mellitus. Once fully developed, it carries a poor prognosis, where relative mortality is almost 40–100 times that of nondiabetics. Evaluation of vascular resistivity at multiple points of renal parenchyma may suggest structural or functional changes within the kidneys and can provide useful diagnostic and prognostic information. Objective The aim of this study was to detect possible changes of renal blood flow and vascular indices in children and adolescents with type I diabetes mellitus, using duplex ultrasonography, and to correlate these changes with clinical and laboratory parameters results. Participants and …

Incidence Of Atrial Fibrillation In Ischemic And Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy, Abdalla M. Kamal, Ahmed A. Omara, Kareem M. Alaraby, Neveen I. Samy

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objective The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) and nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM). Background AF is a common arrhythmia and is associated with an increased risk for embolic events, congestive heart failure, and total mortality. It lowers the quality of life and has been shown to be associated with worsening of outcome in patients with congestive heart failure of different etiologies. Materials and methods Patients were recruited during scheduled outpatient visits to the outpatient clinic in the Menofia University Hospital and Health Insurance Hospital, over the period from …

Correlation Between Plasma Leptin Hormone In Diabetic Patients And The Extent Of Coronary Artery Disease, Ahmed Abdelaziz Emara, Ahmed E. Reyad, Mohamed Abdelaziz Moharam

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objective The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between the level of plasma leptin hormone in diabetic patients with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) and the extent of coronary artery lesion using coronary angiography. Background Leptin is a hormone secreted from adipose tissue and is increased in obese patients in whom there is an increased risk for atherosclerotic coronary disease which can be assessed by means of coronary angiography. Patient and methods A total of 50 diabetic patients with CAD were studied for the assessment of plasma leptin hormone level and its correlation with the extent of …

What’S Keeping America’S Heroes Awake? Screening For Obstructive Sleep Apnea In Male Veterans With Hypertension And Diabetes, Aaron James Stirling

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

Purpose: To reduce cardiovascular risk through optimal obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) management with proactive screening utilizing the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) in male Veterans with hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM).

Background: OSA is a common finding in primary care, with 1 in 5 adults feeling its effects: excessive sleepiness, impaired cognition, reduced quality of life and increased mortality. Unmanaged OSA has been highly correlated with increased cardiac risk in populations with chronic diseases such as HTN and DM. Fortunately, identification and treatment of OSA has been shown to improve cardiovascular outcomes and reduce mortality. Evidence supports outpatient screening to …

Addressing Disparities Among The Homeless Population With Type Ii Diabetes Through The Use Of Educational Programs, Allison Moses

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

Background: The homeless population is exposed to many difficulties and barriers while attempting to manage Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DMII), which involves complex medication regimens and dietary and exercise modifications. The aim of this literature review is to increase awareness among healthcare professionals, to improve their understanding and ability to educate the homeless population, to help reduce health disparities and promote chronic disease management.

Methods: Access to two electronic search engines, CINAHL and PubMed, was obtained through James Madison University’s Library Database. The Ratings System for Level of Evidence was used to determine articles for inclusion based on reliability, sample …

Periodontitis In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Simran Agarwal, Deepthi Gangaram, Mir Saleem

Biology Faculty Articles

Periodontitis is a chronic, inflammatory disease that is characterized by swollen gums, degradation of jaw structure, and potentially tooth loss. Like Periodontitis, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is also highly prevalent and largely multifactorial. Type 2 Diabetes is a condition in which higher than normal blood glucose levels cannot be properly maintained as the body’s normal mechanism of maintaining proper blood glucose levels, the release of insulin from pancreatic islet β-cells, becomes ineffective. The purpose of this literature review is to explore the relationship between the incidences of Periodontitis and Type 2 Diabetes. The risk that Type 2 Diabetes poses for …

Abnormalities Of Liver Cells In Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats, Jitnapar Thongleart, Sureepon Nakaung, Sutisa Nudmamud-Thanoi, Samur Thanoi

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Diabetes is a major health problem that affects population worldwide. Prevalence of diabetes in Thai population dramatically increases every year. Diabetes mellitus can cause structural changes and dysfunctions of the liver cells as well as affecting the pathway of protein synthesizes in the liver associated with DNA synthesis.Objective : This study aimed to evaluate structural changes and protein and DNA contents in liver cell (hepatocyte) of diabetic rats.Methods : Ma le Sprague Dawley rats induced diabetes by receiving streptozotocin (STZ) were studied for histopathology by Hematoxylin & Eosin staining and counted by ImageJ program. Studies of protein damage …

Knowledge Disparities In Diabetes Mellitus Among Undergradute College Students: An Exploratory Study, Caroline Duffy

Honors College Theses

The primary goal of this research study is to examine the knowledge disparities in diabetes mellitus of health related and non- health related undergraduate majors at Georgia Southern University. The Newest Vital Sign tool is used to assess health literacy between majors. Health related majors will have a higher health literacy score. The research questions to be investigated are (a). do non-health related majors lack an understanding of diabetes mellitus and (b). do all college students have adequate health literacy. With the findings, health education and promotion programs can be established and directed towards the appropriate population.

Biochemical And Biological Effects Of Irisin In A Model Of Diabetes Mellitus, Mohamed Omer Sirelkhatim Mahgoub

Dissertations

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a highly prevalent health problem affecting more than 425 million people worldwide. It is associated with several detrimental complications such as neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy and cardiovascular diseases. Irisin is a novel hormone that plays a role in metabolism by stimulating the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) into beige adipose tissue which acquires properties that are similar to those of brown adipose tissue (BAT). Several studies have attempted to characterize the roles of irisin in DM and obesity, however, contradictory results have been reported and physiological roles of irisin have been questioned by several researchers. In …

Effect Of Vitamin D3 On Diabetic Nephropathy In Rats, Abd El-Rahman A. Yassin, Adel H. Omar, Eman A. E. Badr, Huda I. Abd El-Hafiz, Magda A. Mansour, Maha M. El Batsh, Wael M. Y. Mohamed

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objective This work aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of active vitamin D₃ (calcitriol) on the kidney of streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetes rats. Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of irreversible renal damage. Calcitriol has anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects. Kidneys have vitamin D receptors, so calcitriol may modulate DN. Materials and methods A total of 40 male Wistar albino rats were fed on high fat and sugar diet for 6 weeks. Eight rats were used as a control group (G). Group 1 received single dose of citrate buffer and oral coconut oil. Induction of diabetes mellitus …

Outcomes Of A Pharmacist-Managed Clinic For Underserved Persons With Unmanaged Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Ashley L. Lefebvre, Andrew R. Zullo, Ruth Dapaah-Afriyie, Christina M. Collins, Khaled A. Elsaid

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Background

A multidisciplinary approach is recommended for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

Aim

To evaluate the impact of a pharmacist intervention on haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and diabetes-related hospitalisations in an underserved cohort with unmanaged type 2 DM.

Methods

This analysis was a retrospective cohort study. Criteria for inclusion were persons with unmanaged type 2 DM defined as HbA1c values ≥8% at time of enrolment, ≥18 years old, and enrolment in a pharmacist-managed clinic for ≥12 months. Pre- and post-intervention differences in HbA1c, SBP and DBP values were assessed using …

Lack Of Association Of Statin Use With Vitamin D Levels In A Hospital Based Population Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients, Khalida Iqbal, Najmul Islam, Iqbal Azam Syed, Naseema Mehboobali, Mohammad Perwaiz Iqbal

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Objective: To investigate the relationship of statins (drug given to reduce serum levels of LDL-cholesterol) on vitamin D levels of Pakistani type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients in a hospital in Karachi.
Methods: In a cross-sectional survey, 312 consecutive patients with type 2 DM (219 males and 93 females, age 22-70 years) were recruited with informed consent. A questionnaire was administered to find out whether they were statin users or non-users. Serum was analyzed for concentrations of 25(OH) vitamin D [25(OH)D] and other related biomarkers such as serum cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, phosphate and calcium using kit methods. Multiple Linear …

Mortality In A Cohort Of Remote-Living Aboriginal Australians And Associated Factors, Zoe Hyde, Kate Smith, Leon Flicker, David Atkinson, Osvaldo P. Almeida, Nicola T. Lautenschlager, Anna Dwyer, Dina Logiudice

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Objectives: We aimed to describe mortality in a cohort of remote-living Aboriginal Australians using electronic record linkage.

Methods: Between 2004 and 2006, 363 Aboriginal people living in remote Western Australia (WA) completed a questionnaire assessing medical history and behavioural risk factors. We obtained mortality records for the cohort from the WA Data Linkage System and compared them to data for the general population. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to identify predictors of mortality over a 9-year follow-up period.

Results: The leading causes of mortality were diabetes, renal failure, and ischaemic heart disease. Diabetes and renal failure accounted for 28% …

Strategies For Recruiting A Sample Of Adults With Type 2 Diabetes From Primary Care Clinics In Rural Appalachia: Incorporating Cultural Competence, Roger Carpenter, Laurie A. Theeke

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: Recruiting research participants from primary care in rural Appalachia is a major challenge and can be influenced by cultural characteristics, making it critically important to incorporate strategies of cultural competence in the overall design of clinical research. Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to describe culturally competent strategies used for recruitment and data collection with a sample of adults with type 2 diabetes from primary care settings in Appalachia.

Design: The Purnell model of cultural competence and relevant literature served as a framework for study design. Four overarching approaches informed the organization of recruitment strategies and development of …

The Influence Of Clinically Meaningful Factors On The Performance Of The Recommended Annual Diabetic Foot Screening, Trisha A. Sando

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers are the result of multiple complications from hyperglycemia and lead to poor quality of life and high healthcare costs. The annual diabetes foot screening exam (ADFSE) and prevention interventions can reduce DFUs up to 75%. In 2015, 71% of the US population received the ADFSE.

Objectives: The main objectives of this dissertation were: 1) to determine the association between adherence to diabetes self-management behaviors and the ADFSE, 2) to determine the association between concordant and discordant comorbidities and the ADFSE and 3) to determine the association between the performance of diabetes preventive care processes, number of …

Decreasing Acute Diabetes Complications Through Self-Management Education, Eugene O. Okafor

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that affects millions of people in the United States. The purpose of this project was to develop a guideline to help clinical staff provide clear and concise diabetes self-management instructions to patients in a community setting. Orem's self-care deficit theory (SCD) and health belief model (HBM) provided a platform to assess how patients' self-care deficit contributes to illness and the effect of patients' perception of illness. SCD theory and the HBM provided the framework for the development of the guideline to decrease diabetes acute complications through self-management education. The practice-focused question was whether the …