Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Dna-Repair Defects And Olaparib In Metastatic Prostate Cancer., Joaquin Mateo, Suzanne Carreira, Shahneen Sandhu, Susana Miranda, Helen Mossop, Raquel Perez-Lopez, Daniel Nava Rodrigues, Dan Robinson, Aurelius Omlin, Nina Tunariu, Gunther Boysen, Nuria Porta, Penny Flohr, Alexa Gillman, Ines Figueiredo, Claire Paulding, George Seed, Suneil Jain, Christy Ralph, Andrew Protheroe, Syed Hussain, Robert Jones, Tony Elliott, Ursula Mcgovern, Diletta Bianchini, Jane Goodall, Zafeiris Zafeiriou, Chris T Williamson, Roberta Ferraldeschi, Ruth Riisnaes, Bernardette Ebbs, Gemma Fowler, Desamparados Roda, Wei Yuan, Yi-Mi Wu, Xuhong Cao, Rachel Brough, Helen Pemberton, Roger A'Hern, Amanda Swain, Lakshmi P Kunju, Rosalind Eeles, Gerhardt Attard, Christopher J Lord, Alan Ashworth, Mark A Rubin, Karen E Knudsen, Felix Y Feng, Arul M Chinnaiyan, Emma Hall, Johann S De Bono

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease, but current treatments are not based on molecular stratification. We hypothesized that metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancers with DNA-repair defects would respond to poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition with olaparib.

METHODS: We conducted a phase 2 trial in which patients with metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer were treated with olaparib tablets at a dose of 400 mg twice a day. The primary end point was the response rate, defined either as an objective response according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1, or as a reduction of at least 50% in the …

Epidemiology Of Iron-Deficiency Anemia Among Primary School Children (6-11 Years), Menoufia Governorate, Egypt, Gaafar M. Abdel-Rasoul, Hala M. Gabr, Hewaida M. El Shazly, Nehad B. Abdel-Aaty, Rabie E. El Bahnasy

Menoufia Medical Journal

Background Iron deficiency is the most prevalent nutritional disorder worldwide and nearly two billion individuals have anemia. Iron deficiency is the most frequent cause of anemia, especially in infants, preschool children, and school-aged children; it is related to a variety of developmental and behavioral changes. Objective This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and identify possible risk factors of iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) among a representative sample of primary school children (6-11 years), Menoufia governorate. Participants and methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in Menoufia governorate. This study was carried out in Shebin El-Kom city. The study sample included …

Examining The Relationship Between Anemia, Cognitive Function, And Socioeconomic Status In School-Aged Ecuadorian Children, Angela Chamberlain

Student Works

Background and Objectives: It is estimated that over 40% of children in Ecuador are anemic. Anemia in children can influence physical and cognitive development and have lasting effects on adulthood productivity and quality of life. The objectives of this study were to: (1) evaluate the relationship of anemia and cognitive function, and (2) determine the influence of demographic factors on cognitive function. Population and Setting: The sample consisted of 175 school-aged children between 5 to 11 years old attending a school in a poverty stricken area of Guayaquil, Ecuador. Methods: A descriptive correlational cross sectional design was used to study …

Examining The Relationship Between Anemia, Cognitive Function, And Socioeconomic Status In School-Aged Ecuadorian Children, Angela Chamberlain

Theses and Dissertations

Background and Objectives: It is estimated that over 40% of children in Ecuador are anemic. Anemia in children can influence physical and cognitive development and have lasting effects on adulthood productivity and quality of life. The objectives of this study were to: (1) evaluate the relationship of anemia and cognitive function, and (2) determine the influence of demographic factors on cognitive function. Population and Setting: The sample consisted of 175 school-aged children between 5 to 11 years old attending a school in a poverty stricken area of Guayaquil, Ecuador. Methods: A descriptive correlational cross sectional design was used to study …

Social Disparities: Household Income In Poverty Stricken Ecuador Affecting Cognitive Function In Children, A. Chamberlain, M. Williams, Jane H. Lassetter

Faculty Publications

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the largest nutritional disorders in the world. Approximately 25% of the world’s population has anemia with 50% of those cases being IDA, according to the World Health Organization. The reduced oxygen carrying capacity associated with anemia can have many adverse effects. Many anemia studies have been done on infants but few have been done on school-aged children. A charity organization in Ecuador has been identifying anemia prevalence among children within a suburb of Guayaquil. To further identify possible risks resulting from anemia, a study comparing cognitive function with anemia rates was conducted in …

Emerging Drugs For Sickle Cell Anemia., Priya C Singh, Samir K. Ballas

Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research

INTRODUCTION: The search for effective therapeutic interventions for sickle cell disease (SCD) has been an ongoing endeavor for over 50 years. During this period, only hydroxyurea (HU), which received US FDA approval in February 1998, was identified as an effective therapeutic agent in preventing or ameliorating the frequency of vaso-occlusive crises, acute chest syndrome and the need for blood transfusion. Approximately 25% of patients with sickle cell anemia (SCA), however, do not respond to HU and some patients experiencing serious side effects of this chemotherapeutic agent. Nevertheless, the success of HU opened the sluice gates to identify other effective drug …

Premarital Screening Of 466 Mediterranean Women For Serum Ferritin,Vitamin B12, And Folate Concentrations, Aysun Karabulut, Ömer Tolga Güler, Hati̇ce Tuba Karahan, Sevgi̇ Özkan, Hasan Koyuncu, İbrahi̇m Demi̇rci̇ler

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Iron, folate, and vitamin B12 serum levels are closely related with dietary habits and have an essential role in the healthy development of a fetus. We aimed to investigate hemoglobin, ferritin, folate, and vitamin B12 levels in preconceptional women in an area where a plant-based diet referred to as Mediterranean cuisine is commonly used. Materials and methods: The study population included 466 women between the ages of 18 and 45 years admitted for thalassemia screening. Sociodemographic variables and history of menometrorrhagia, pica, and dietary habits were collected. Serum vitamin B12, folate, ferritin, and hemoglobin levels were measured. Ferritin of

Implementation Of Point-Of-Care Diagnostics Leads To Variable Uptake Of Syphilis, Anemia And Cd4+ T-Cell Count Testing In Rural Maternal And Child Health Clinics, Caroline De Schacht, Carlota Lucas, Nádia Sitoe, Rhoderick Machekano, Patrina Chongo, Marleen Temmerman, Ocean Tobaiwa, Laura Guay, Seble Kassaye, Ilesh V. Jani

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Introduction: Anemia, syphilis and HIV are high burden diseases among pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in four health facilities in Southern Mozambique to evaluate the effect of point-of-care technologies for hemoglobin quantification, syphilis testing and CD4+ T-cell enumeration performed within maternal and child health services on testing and treatment coverage, and assessing acceptability by health workers.

Methods: Demographic and testing data on women attending first antenatal care services were extracted from existing records, before (2011; n = 865) and after (2012; n = 808) introduction of point-of-care testing. Study outcomes per health facility were compared …

Can Routine Screening And Iron Supplementation For Iron Deficiency Anemia In Nonsymptomatic Pregnant Women Improve Maternal And Infant Health Outcomes?, Anoosh Moin, Zohra S. Lassi

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Pregnant women have an increased need for iron that might not be met with diet alone. Due to physiologic anemia and population differences, no set criteria for defining iron deficiency anemia (IDA) are available globally. Serum ferritin and transferrin levels are often used to guide therapy by clinicians. Studies have reported an association between poor iron status and negative health outcomes such as low birth weight, premature birth, and perinatal death for women and their infants, although the evidence is weak.

The Hematologic Manifestations Of Pediatric Celiac Disease At The Time Ofdiagnosis And Efficiency Of Gluten-Free Diet, Ferat Çatal, Erdem Topal, Hali̇me Ermi̇şteki̇n, Nurdan Yildirim Acar, Muhammed Selçuk Si̇nanoğlu, Hamza Karabi̇ber, Mukadder Ayşe Seli̇moğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: To determine the hematologic manifestations at the time of diagnosis of celiac disease in children and the effects of a gluten-free diet on hematologic signs upon follow-up. Materials and methods: The records of patients with celiac disease who received a follow up examination at the Pediatric Gastroenterology Clinic between June 2006 and June 2013 were retrospectively examined. Results: Ninety-one patients were included in the study. The mean age at diagnosis was 8.1 ± 4.21 years and 59 patients (64.8%) were female. Thirty-two patients (35.2%) had hematologic signs at the time of diagnosis. Anemia (24.2%) was the most common hematologic …