Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Mentoring Ethics In Postgraduate Surgical Training: A Developing Country Perspective From Pakistan, Mohsin Azam, Saleha Anwar, Muhammad Shahzad Shamim, Muhammad Waqas

Section of Neurosurgery

No abstract provided.

Drug Firms, The Codification Of Diagnostic Categories, And Bias In Clinical Guidelines, Lisa Cosgrove, Emily E. Wheeler

Counseling and School Psychology Faculty Publication Series

The profession of medicine is predicated upon an ethical mandate: first do no harm. However, critics charge that the medical profession’s culture and its public health mission are being undermined by the pharmaceutical industry’s wide-ranging influence. In this article, we analyze how drug firms influence psychiatric taxonomy and treatment guidelines such that these resources may serve commercial rather than public health interests. Moving beyond a conflict-of-interest model, we use the conceptual and normative framework of institutional corruption to examine how organized psychiatry’s dependence on drug firms has distorted science. We suggest that academic-industry relationships have led to the corruption of …

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Fall 2013

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Ethical Challenges In Rheumatology: A Survey Of The American College Of Rheumatology Membership, Michele Meltzer

Michele Meltzer

Abstract Objective Despite the frequency of ethical issues arising in patient care, ethical discourse in the rheumatology literature is negligible. To better understand the scope of ethical problems occurring in our specialty, the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Committee on Ethics and Conflict of Interest surveyed ACR members. Specific objectives of the survey were 1) to learn the perceived frequency of ethical issues in rheumatology, 2) to identify activities that pose ethical problems in rheumatologic practice, 3) to determine the extent of education on, and self-perceived knowledge about, ethics among ACR members, and 4) to determine member interest in, and …

Physician Incentives: Managed Care And Ethics, Douglas A. Mains, Alberto Coustasse, Kristine Lykens

Alberto Coustasse, DrPH, MD, MBA, MPH

The authors review the principle features of the managed care system in an effort to understand the ethical assumptions inherent in managed care. The interrelationships among physician incentives, responsibilities of patients and the physician-patient relationship are examined in light of the ethical concerns identified in the managed care system. The managed care system creates ethical tensions for those who influence the allocation of scare resources. Managed care's administrative controls have increasingly changed the doctor-patient relationship to the businessperson-consumer relationship. Managed care goals of quality and access demand that physicians be both patient advocate and organizational advocate, even though these roles …

Cyberbullying: The Public School Response, Charles Waggoner

Administrative Issues Journal

This paper explores the consent process in relation to academic, scientific research. Consent is a human right given to each research participant. The participant’s autonomy should be supported and encouraged when obtaining informed consent. This paper reviews current literature and discusses the development of this right, in addition to the manner in which scientific researchers should uphold it.

Military Nurses Caring For The Enemy, Sharon Thompson, Beth Mastel-Smith, Gloria Duke, Barbara K. Haas, Shellye Vardaman, Susan Yarbrough

Nursing Theses and Dissertations

Purpose: This phenomenological study described the lived experience and aftermath of U.S. military nurses assigned enemy detainees during Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom. Two themes emerged: Insurgent Assignments (subthemes included identification of and interactions with insurgents; training, precautions, and ethical issues, thoughts and feelings, coping, and meanings of insurgent care) and The Aftermath (subthemes were mental, emotional, personal, professional, and positive). Conclusions: Insurgent assignments caused ethical dilemmas and challenged theoretical constructs related to caring. Formal training is needed to prepare nurses for the practicalities of and responses to insurgent assignments.

This work is the dissertation manuscript of Sharon Thompson, completed …

Establishment Of A Clinical Gestational Carrier Program: Medical, Ethical, Legal And Policy Issues, Ginny Ryan

Ginny L. Ryan

Pressures to expand, advancing technologies, and increased public exposure of in vitro fertilization (IVF) compels ongoing evaluation of the medical, ethical, and legal proprietary of this high tech infertility treatment, especially when used to build non-traditional families. Recently, the University of Iowa’s Center for Advanced Reproductive Care considered the possibility of adding gestational carrier (popularly known as “surrogacy”) services to our program. The IVF Ethics Committee considered practical realities and inherent ethical issues including the number of invested parties, significant economic costs, risks taken on by the gestational carrier, and the potential for free market exploitation. The Committee resolved that …

Exploring Parental Experiences And Decision-Making Processes Following A Fetal Anomaly Diagnosis, Ramona L. Fernandez

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Often the first indication that something may be wrong in a seemingly normal pregnancy occurs during the first detailed ultrasound appointment between 16 and 20 weeks gestation. Even the most tentative suspicions of fetal anomalies is jarring. Parent’s default reality of a normal pregnancy and a ‘perfect child’ changes to one of risk factors and the possibility of an ‘unhealthy child’. This study begins with the realization of this first loss in a series of losses that follow for parents as they grapple with diagnostic information to be able to make informed medical decisions regarding their fetus and pregnancy. The …

The Normative Dimensions Of Health Disparities, Andrew Ward, Pamela Jo Johnson, Mollie O'Brien

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Understanding what conditions must be satisfied for a health inequality to be a health inequity (disparity) is crucial for health policy makers. The failure to understand what constitutes a health inequity, and confusing health inequalities with health inequities threatens the successful creation of health policies by diverting needed attention and resources away from addressing health inequalities that are health inequities. More generally, the failure threatens to undercut our ability to tell what research is relevant to the creation of health policies that aim to mitigate or eliminate health inequities. With this in mind, the principal aim of the present paper …

Ethical Considerations Of Genetic Presymptomatic Testing For Huntington's Disease, Alberto Coustasse, Alicia Pekar, Andrew Sikula Sr., Sue Lurie

Alberto Coustasse, DrPH, MD, MBA, MPH

The aim of this literature review was to determine if there is adequate ethical justification for presymptomatic genetic testing on potential Huntington's disease patients. Huntington's disease is a neurological genetic disorder characterized by midlife onset which consists of cognitive, physical, and emotional deterioration. Although genetic testing has traditionally been guided by the principle of autonomy, severe psychological consequences such as depression, anxiety, survival guilt, and suicide have complicated the ethical issue of providing a presymptomatic yet definitive diagnosis for an incurable disease. An analysis of available articles yielded inconclusive findings, namely due to insufficient evidence, self-selection bias of test participants, …

Ethical Considerations Of Genetic Presymptomatic Testing For Huntington's Disease, Alberto Coustasse, Alicia Pekar, Andrew Sikula Sr., Sue Lurie

Andrew Sikula, Sr.

The aim of this literature review was to determine if there is adequate ethical justification for presymptomatic genetic testing on potential Huntington's disease patients. Huntington's disease is a neurological genetic disorder characterized by midlife onset which consists of cognitive, physical, and emotional deterioration. Although genetic testing has traditionally been guided by the principle of autonomy, severe psychological consequences such as depression, anxiety, survival guilt, and suicide have complicated the ethical issue of providing a presymptomatic yet definitive diagnosis for an incurable disease. An analysis of available articles yielded inconclusive findings, namely due to insufficient evidence, self-selection bias of test participants, …

A Kantian Ethical Analysis Of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis, Emily Delk

CedarEthics Online

In an era where new genetic and reproductive technologies are increasing, ethical concerns continue to grow as well. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is a technique used in addition to in vitro fertilization (IVF) to screen embryos for genetic abnormalities and either discard them or place them in the uterus. The emergence of new uses for PGD has made PGD a frequent target of ethical commentary and speculation about a future of greatly increased genetic selection and manipulation of offspring (Robertson, 2003). Although PGD is not currently widespread, its potential for abuse signifies a need for serious ethical analysis. Immanuel Kant …

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Spring 2013

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Having Babies: Personhood Or Product?, Leanne N. Dykstra

CedarEthics Online

No abstract provided.

The Singer And The Violinist: When Pro-Abortion Ethicists Are Out Of Tune, Tyler M. John

CedarEthics Online

No abstract provided.

Industry’S Colonization Of Psychiatry: Ethical And Practical Implications Of Financial Conflicts Of Interest In The Dsm-5, Lisa Cosgrove, Emily E. Wheeler

Counseling and School Psychology Faculty Publication Series

The revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), scheduled for publication in May 2013 by the American Psychiatric Association (APA), has created a firestorm of controversy because of questions about undue industry influence. Specifically, concerns have been raised about financial conflicts of interest between DSM-5 panel members and the pharmaceutical industry. The authors argue that current approaches to the management of these relationships, particularly transparency of them, are insufficient solutions to the problem of industry’s capture of organized psychiatry. The conceptual framework of institutional corruption is used to understand psychiatry’s dependence on the pharmaceutical industry and …

3 Attributes, Joyce Kutin

Joyce K Kutin RN, MSN, MOL

Nursing Philosophy is based on both professional organization and individual definitions. Many factors both intrinsically and extrinsically influence one’s personal perceptions of the great profession called nursing. What are the key points in being a professional nurse? Accountability, professionalism and compassion are the three key points referenced within this article that will be discussed.

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter, Winter 2013

Mid-Atlantic Ethics Committee Newsletter

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Adaptation To Disability And Disease In Public Health, Meghan Mary Connors

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Some patients with chronic disabilities and diseases are able to adapt to their health states and, as a result, rate their quality of life higher than hypothetical patients imagining themselves to be in such states. Due to this phenomenon of adaptation, there is much controversy surrounding the effect of adaptation on patient preferences and the role that these adapted preferences ought to play in health care resource allocation decisions. The process of adaptation affects public health debates about whether we ought to give priority to the worst off in allocation decisions because within traditional public health frameworks, it is unclear …

The Duty To Rescue In Genomic Research, Michael Ulrich

Student Articles and Papers

No abstract provided.

My Journey From Physician To Psychologist: Relational Touch In Psychotherapy, Brita S. Reed

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

A physician's armamentarium includes the presence of the tool of touch which is used not only to diagnose and to heal, but also to reassure patients that they are safe and well cared for in the hands of the physician. The use of touch in the practice of psychology, however, is relatively proscribed. In this essay, I examine how we, as psychologists, can best "hold" our clients without the use of touch. In the first part of this essay, I explore some theoretical considerations on relational touch in psychotherapy. I define relational touch as touch that occurs between people and …