Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Changes In Intracellular Chloride During Osmotic Stress And L-Alanine Uptake In Mouse Hepatocytes, Kening Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A stable intracellular ionic environment is necessary for hepatocytes to function normally. Thus, during hypotonic shock or L-alanine uptake, hepatocytes swell and then exhibit a regulatory volume decrease (RVD), which comprises an increase in K$\sp+$ conductance (G$\sb{\rm K}$), an increased K$\sp+$ efflux, and a hyperpolarization of transmembrane potential (V$\sb{\rm m}$). Since hepatocyte intracellular Cl$\sp-$ has been demonstrated to distribute passively with V$\sb{\rm m}$, this study is designed to test the hypothesis that the hypotonic shock- or L-alanine uptake-induced hyperpolarization of V$\sb{\rm m}$ might provide an electromotive force for the efflux of hepatocyte intracellular Cl$\sp-$, which in turn would contribute osmotically …

Development Of An Evidence-Based Program To Address Burnout And Resilience In Nursing, Heather Zink

Doctoral Dissertations & Projects

Abstract

Problem: Public health nurses at a county health department are experiencing burnout because of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: The purpose of this program development project was to address burnout in public health nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic through assessment and recommended resilience interventions.

Methods: Two survey tools to measure burnout and resilience were distributed to 70 public health nurses. A literature review using the Wiederman framework for battling burnout and building resilience guided the development of the resilience toolkit.

Intervention: A resilience toolkit consisting of evidence-based interventions, budgets, assessment tools, an example plan, and posters was developed for the …

A Comparison Of Expressive Vocabulary Produced By Nonambulatory, Speaking Preschool Children And Ambulatory Speaking Preschool Children, Kim Denise Baker

Dissertations and Theses

Children with severe physical disabilities often do not have the capabilities for oral communication. Professionals are frequently faced with selecting vocabulary for children who are unable to use vocal output because of severe motor impairments. A child who is nonambulatory may have additional reasons for communicating and sees the world from a different viewpoint than his ambulatory peers. Selecting appropriate words for an initial lexicon that are useful to nonspeaking disabled children that also meet normal language acquisition standards is a concern. This study specifically addresses this concern by looking at the vocabulary differences of ambulatory and nonambulatory preschool children. …

Health-Risk Behaviors Of Adolescents In Southwest Mississippi, Irene J. Martin

MSN Research Projects

Early mortality among youth in the United States has prompted research to determine precipitating causes. It is believed that health-related behaviors are learned early in life and persist into adulthood. During the developmental period of adolescence, coping behaviors which may have positive or negative effects on teens' lives are adopted. These behaviors predispose adolescents to preventable premature death, disease, and social problems. The purpose of this descriptive study was to replicate and expand the research done by St. Lawrence and Brasfield (1991). This replicated survey expanded the population to include adolescents in Grades 7 and 8, ages 12 to 14 …

Benefits Of The Geriatric Nurse Clinician Role Within The Hospital Setting: A Quasi-Experimental Study, Gena Anne Vail

MSN Research Projects

The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to assss the benefits to the patient of the geriatric nurse clinician role within the hospital setting.

Comparison Of The Incidence Of Couvade Syndrome Among Fathers Who Attend Childbirth Classes And Fathers Who Do Not Attend Childbirth Classes, Jenean H. Smith

MSN Research Projects

The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence of Couvade Syndrome among those fathers who attended childbirth classes and those who did not attend childbirth classes.

Assessment Of The Relationship Between Regular Fitness Activity And Sexual Functioning In Women, Joanne Kolean-Burley

Masters Theses

This study assessed differences between female aerobic exercisers and nonexercisers in sexual functioning and arousability. Fourteen exercisers and 6 nonexercisers between the ages of 19 and 52 participated in the study. All subjects were involved in an ongoing sexual relationship with a duration of at least 3 months. Sexual functioning, satisfaction, and arousability were assessed through two self-report measures, the Sexual Interaction Inventory (LoPiccolo & Steger, 1978) and the Sexual Arousability Inventory (Hoon, Hoon, & Wincze, 1976); sexual arousability also was assessed through two extragenital physiological measures during exposure to erotic stimuli under laboratory conditions.

The results indicated that there …

Differential Perception Of Histrionic Personality Disorder Symptoms In Males Vs. Females, Susan L. Swihart

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research examined the differential perception of severity of histrionic personality disorder symptoms in males versus females in order to investigate one possible explanation for the increased rates in diagnosis of this disorder in females. Thirty male and thirty female volunteer undergraduates from a midwestern university were asked to sort the DSM-III-R criteria for all the personality disorders, including the two proposed categories, selfdefeating and sadistic personality disorders, according to degree of abnormality. Each criterion was typed on a separate index card for a total of 142 cards and subjects were asked to sort the symptom cards on a Likert-type …

Relationship Satisfaction As A Function Of The Discrepancy Between Experienced And Desired Levels Of Intimacy, Joan I. Malcolm

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present study investigated the effect of discrepancies between experienced versus desired levels ·of intimacy on relationship satisfaction using data from 13§ undergraduate students. Subjects completed the Personal Assessment of Intimacy in Relationships (PAIR), the Dyaqic Relationship Questionnaire (DRQ), the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), and a Background Questionnaire (BQ). Correlation and multiple regression analyses indicated that discrepancies between Desired and Experienced Intimacy, as measured by the PAIR and DRQ, was highly predictive of relationship satisfaction, as measured by the DAS. However, Experienced Intimacy was a better predictor of relationship satisfaction. Both males and females ranked Emotional Intimacy as most important …

Fixed-Ratio Size As A Determinant Of The Development Of Tolerance To Morphine, Mark J. Nickel

Masters Theses

The acute and chronic effects of morphine were examined in pigeons exposed to a multiple schedule with fixed ratio 5, 25, and 125 components. Acute exposure to morphine (0.56-10.0 mg/kg) resulted in rate reductions under each component when the dose was 1 mg/kg or higher. With chronic exposure to 5.6 mg/kg, tolerance to the rate-reducing effects of morphine was evident under each fixed ratio component. The development of tolerance was determined to some extent by fixed-ratio size, a result similar to earlier findings with cocaine.

The R Value At Vo2 Max During Maximal Graded Exercise Treadmill Tests Of Coronary Artery Diseased And Nondiseased Subjects, Sherry S. Williams

Masters Theses

This study examined the R value at VO2 max during maximal graded treadmill exercise tests to determine if it was a reliable indicator of VO2 max and could therefore be used as a test termination criterion. The subjects in this study were 160 coronary artery diseased (CAD) patients and 170 nondiseased individuals. Data were collected from existing stress test records. The R value was also analyzed to determine if proportions of diseased and nondiseased subjects were the same. The time it took 100 CAD patients to reach VO2 max and exhaustion once R rose above 1.00 was also examined.

The …

F Response Frequency For The Median And Ulnar Nerves In A Normal Population, Patricia J. Killea

Rehabilitation Sciences Theses & Dissertations

The F wave or F response results form the recurrent discharge of antidromically activated anterior horn cells. F response latency represents an impulse which travels to and from the spinal cord through the central segment of a nerve. Study of the F wave is commonly done to assess proximal conduction in motor nerves, to measure motor nerve conduction velocity over a longer pathway than in orthodromic motor studies, and to assess motor neuron excitability. F response characteristics less commonly studied include duration, chronodispersion, shape, amplitude, and frequency. The primary purpose of this study was to determine F response frequencies of …

A Shear Bondstrength Evaluation Of Five Orthodontic Light-Cured Adhesives, Perry M. Unruh

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In this study, the shear bondstrengths of five commercially available orthodontic light-cured adhesives were evaluated with respect to two types of curing lights and various cure-times. A total of 160 Transcend brackets (mechanical retention) were utilized. The brackets were individually bonded to knurled stainless steel testing rings via the respective adhesives. Each bracket was sheared from the testing ring using an Instron machine. For each adhesive a 2, 5, 10, and 20 second cure-time, and an immediate, 5 minute, 20 minute, and 24 hour shear test time was employed. The adhesives were cured using high intensity and low intensity visible …

Development Of Periapical Lesions In Immunosuppressed Rats, Phillip A. Waterman Jr.

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The pathogenesis of periapical lesions is the interaction of the oral flora with the existing host defenses. The role of bacteria has been established in endodontic disease but the contribution of the host defenses in periapical lesion formation is less clear. The purpose of this study was to compare periapical lesion development in immunosuppressed rats with that in normal rats. Thirty-five, eight-week old Sprague-Dawley rats were equally divided into seven groups. Groups 1, 2, and 3 were given weekly injections of Cytoxan, an immunosuppressive agent. Groups 4, 5, and 6 received no immunosuppressive therapy. Group 7 served as a control, …

Antibacterial Effects Of Various Endodontic Irrigants And Medicaments On Selected Anaerobic Bacteria, Patrick K. Ohara

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study was undertaken to determine the antibacterial effects of various endodontic irrigants and medicaments against six selected anaerobic bacteria. In part 1, the organisms were mixed separately with dilutions of six irrigants in tubes containing fluid thioglycolate broth and allowed to remain in contact for specific time periods before being evaluated for growth. In part 2, the vapors of six medicaments were tested using agar plates streaked with the bacteria.

For part 1, the six irrigants were ranked as to their ability to inhibit bacterial growth. Statistical analysis showed that chlorhexidine and hydrogen peroxide were significantly more effective as …

Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 Expression In Developing Ovine Teeth As Visualized By In Situ Hybridization, Søren Jepsen

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Recently we demonstrated that human dentin contained relatively high amounts of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-ß) and proposed that dentin TGF-ß originated from odontoblasts. Because of the suggested role of TGF-ß in mediating cellular interactions in dental cell development by paracrine mechanisms, we studied the expression of TGF-ß message in developing teeth by in situ hybridization. 5 µm serial sections of neonatal sheep mandibular third molars that had been fixed in glutaraldehyde and paraffin-embedded were used for in situ analysis. An [³⁵S]-labeled cRNA probe, complementary to TGF-ß1 mRNA, was constructed from human TGF-ß1 cDNA. Northern analysis of total …

A Pilot Study On The Evaluation Of Short Term Effects Of Jasper Jumper Therapy, Eric D. Fraser

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Lateral cephalometric radiographs were obtained for ten patients treated with Jasper Jumper appliances from three locations. Pre and post-appliance measurements were compared to determine the cephalometric effects seen in this group of patients. All patients in this study exhibited mesofacial to brachyfacial growth patterns and were all of growing age. All patients were treated to Class I along the complete buccal segment. The results yielded the following conclusions: 1) the facial axis did not open and the lower face height did not increase significantly for this group of patients, 2) there is an intrusive effect delivered to the upper first …

Retrofilling Materials : The Effects Of Two Setting Times On The Degree Of Dye Leakage Of Retrograde Filling Materials, Robert K. Higa

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Sealing of the root canal system is usually accomplished by the conservative endodontic approach. Cases where it is impossible to treat nonsurgically are usually treated surgically by an apicoectomy and retrofill. There is a lot of controversy in the literature over which retrofilling material is closest to ideal. Presently, the most popular materials seem to be Amalgam, Super EBA, and IRM. For this reason, these materials were chosen for this study to evaluate the leakage potential at two different time intervals to see if setting time of the material had any influence on the amount of leakage.

Seventy extracted single …

Coping Strategies And Effectiveness In School-Age Children With Cystic Fibrosis, Carmen M. Redlin

MSN Research Projects

The purpose of this study was to determine the coping strategies and effectiveness in school age children with cystic fibrosis.

Parental Factors Related To The Use Of Car Seats For Children, Clara Rustin

MSN Research Projects

Automobile accidents are the leading cause of death and injury in children. Studies have shown that placing children in car seats can prevent injury and save lives. The purpose of this study was to identify parental factors related to the use of car seats for infant, toddler, and preschool children. A descriptive design was selected for this study to identify which parental factors impact on the use of car seats. The research question which guided this study was what are the parental factors related to the use of automobile car seats for infant, toddler, and preschool children. A convenience sample …

The Effect Of Participation In A Wellness Program On Employee Productivity, Absenteeism, And Medical Costs, Wynelle Benson

MSN Research Projects

Although some studies have determined a positive relationship between participation in a wellness program and job performance, no research had focused specifically on the older employee. In the next 10 to 15 years, companies will be retaining and recruiting older workers. Therefore, the purpose of this descriptive, retrospective study was to examine the effects of elder employee participation in a wellness program that includes aerobic activity. The Neuman Systems Model was used as the theoretical framework to guide this study. The sample (N = 30) consisted of blue-collar workers, age 50 years or older, who were randomly selected using a …

Utilization Of Community Service Programs By Elders In Rural Areas, Eddie Moore

MSN Research Projects

The purpose of this descriptive study was to identify existing community service programs and barriers to their use as identified by elders living in rural areas.

Comparison Of Level Of Satisfaction By Hiv-Infected Clients Who Have Received Care From Nurse Practitioners And Physicians In Outpatient Settings, Michael Hoffman

MSN Research Projects

Few studies have been done that examine the acceptance of nurse practitioners as providers of care by persons infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of satisfaction with care as experienced by the HIV-infected client in an outpatient setting who has received care from both nurse practitioners and physicians. The Health Belief Model (HBM) developed by Rosenstock, Hochbaum, and Kegeles in the 1950s, and specifically the concept of self-efficacy, was chosen as the conceptual framework for this study. In this descriptive study the null hypothesis examined was there will be …

Kinetic Characterization Of A Recombinant C-Terminal Mutant Of Reverse Transcriptase From The Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Thomas S. Heard

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase (RT) (EC 2.7.7.49) is the central replication enzyme for HIV. In general, the kinetic mechanism for this and all other polymerases involves the ordered binding of two substrates: a primer-template (PT) followed by a deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP). Previous investigations prompted this research when it was discovered that the substrate dNTP, in absence of PT, could protect a recombinant c-terminal mutant HIV-1 RT from inhibition by pyridoxal-5'-monophosphate (PLP), an active-site dNTP inhibitor. In contrast, the non-mutant recombinant HIV-1 RT required both substrates for protection from PLP inhibition. This investigation sought to determine if this …

Biochemical Investigation Of Gout And Its Familial Incidences, Chin-Ling Hsu

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

Gout is a chronic metabolic disorder caused by deposition of uric acid on the joint. It is categorized into two types: primary and secondary. Primary gout is uric acid overproduction, caused by excessive synthesis of the purine precursors. Secondary gout occurs also as the result of overproduction or decreased renal excretion of uric acid resulting from other disease processes or medication.

The two purine bases, hypoxanthine and xanthine, liberated from ribosides by the action of nucleoside phosphorylase, are degraded to uric acid as the final excretory product in the purine degradation pathway. Hypoxanthine and xanthine are the physiological substrates of …

Awareness Of And Rights Related To The Patient Self-Determination Act Of 1990 By Selected Post-Adolescent College Students, Toni M. Vargas

Community & Environmental Health Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine if the Patient Self-Determination Act was effective in providing information to young adults and will young adults not only have an accurate understanding of their health care rights but sufficient opportunity to exercise those rights. From a sample of convenience, 83 college students were randomly selected to complete a questionnaire. The questionnaire contained 71 questions devised to reflect various aspects of the Patient Self-Determination Act. Five additional questions were asked to determine a generalized profile of the students. Data analysis of the responses identified 5 significant legal misunderstandings and 5 significant medical …

Effects Of Task Difficulty On Naming Performance Of Aphasic Subjects, Susan Kay Kucera

Dissertations and Theses

This investigation examined the effects of task difficulty on aphasic individuals' naming performance. Subjects were presented lists of easy-to-name and difficult-to-name items. In the high success condition, difficult lists were interspersed among a larger number of easy lists. In the low success condition, easy lists were interspersed among a larger number of difficult lists. Percentages of correct responses for administration of each list were calculated for each subject. Group means for each list were derived by averaging the individual scores. Group means in the high success and the low success conditions were compared with baseline measures to determine experimental effects. …

The Influence Of Antimicrobial Use On Bacterial Resistance, James T. Griffith

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Antimicrobial resistance is becoming an increasingly serious problem accompanied by relatively few studies examining the relationship between use and resistance. The present study undertakes a twenty year analysis of antimicrobial production and factors affecting antimicrobial use for a particular microorganism (Stp. faecalis)/antimicrobial agent (Cephalothin) combination. The period is inclusive of the market introduction of the agent and considerate of prescribing practices to the present time. The accumulated data reveal that there is indeed a relationship between total drug availability (medicinal, agricultural) and increased antimicrobial resistance. The data also suggest that national (or global) use changes would likely have a long …

Modulation Of Rat Hepatic S9-Dependent Mutagenesis, Dna Binding, And Metabolism Of Aflatoxin B1 And Benzo[A]Pyrene By Four Chinese Medicinal Herbs, Brian Yuen Yau Wong

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Extracts of the herbs Oldenlandia diffusa (OD) and Scutellaria barbata (SB) have been used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating liver, lung and rectal tumors while extracts of Astragalus membranaceus (AM) and Ligustrum lucidum (LL) are often used as adjuncts in cancer therapy. In this study, we determined the effects of aqueous extracts of these four herbs on aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁) benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), benzo[a]pyrene 7,8-dihydrodiol (BaP 7,8-DHD) and benzo[a]pyrene 7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE)-induced mutagenesis, mediated by enzymes in rat hepatic 9000 x g supernatant (S9), in Salmonella typhimurium TA100. We also studied the effects of these four herbs on …

Cortisol In The Ovine Fetus : Its Regulation And Role In Parturition, Ede Marie Apostolakis

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

In fetal sheep, circulating cortisol increase during late gestation to abruptly rise 72 hours preceding birth. Although the surge in cortisol is thought to initiate the endocrine cascade which triggers parturition, it is not known what drives the prepartum rise in fetal cortisol. The first study tested the hypothesis that basal cortisol secretion is regulated by adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) which in turn, is controlled by arginine vasopressin (AVP). The fetus challenged with AVP increased plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations. Pretreatment with an AVP V₁ receptor antagonist blocked AVP-induced plasma ACTH cortisol but failed to alter basal ACTH or cortisol. To …