Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Effect Of Short Exposure Of Naoci/Edta On E. Faecalis In Extracted Human Teeth, Rylan N. Gustafson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this project was to study the antibacterial effect of the short exposure of 5.25% NaOCl and 17% EDTA on eight strains of Enterococcus faecalis in extracted human teeth. The crowns of 240 single rooted teeth were removed and the canals were instrumented to ISO 0.36. The canals were irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl and 17% EDTA, autoclaved and separated into eight groups of 30 teeth consisting of 20 experimental teeth, 5 positive and 5 negative controls. Each group was inoculated with one of eight different strains of E. faecalis in BHl broth and incubated for four weeks. The …

Effect Of Gutta Percha On The Retention Of A Post Using Different Cements, Saeda H. Basta

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This study evaluated the effect of residual gutta percha on the retention strength of prefabricated post cemented with four different cements. Forty intact mandibular single canal canines or premolars were selected for standardized size and quality, endodontically treated, and decoronated to the cementoenamel junction. A post space was prepared to accommodate Para post XP size 4 (Coltene, Whaledent Inc., Cuy Falls, Ohio) to a depth of 8 mm. The Obtura heated gutta percha system was used to inject a very thin line of gutta percha along one lateral wall to the depth of the future post. Forty obturated teeth were …

Child Sexual Trauma: Testing The Robustness Of Browne & Finkelhor's Theory, Jose Mauricio Ramirez

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Trauma has received great attention in the last three decades and a major societal issue today is child sexual abuse. Twelve percent of victims of maltreatment every year are victims of child sexual abuse (CSA). Several studies have suggested that the prevalence of CSA in women is in the range of 6% to 62% depending on how the data was collected (e.g., interviews, surveys) and the nature of the population sampled (e.g., general population, clinical population). Because of CSA, victims are impacted by the experience and encounter a change in the way they perceive the world on both the way …

Novel Binding Domains Mediate Binding Of Hpv 16 E6 To Fadd And Procaspase 8, Sandy S. Tungteakkhun

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

To evade the host response to infection, viruses have developed means to survive and propagate. HPV 16, a causative agent of cervical cancer and of some cases of oropharyngeal cancers, is one example. We have reported that the early viral protein E6 binds to proteins necessary for propagation of the apoptotic signal following receptor/ligand interactions, such as those mediated by FADD DED and procaspase 8 DED. E6 expression leads to the dose-dependent accelerated degradation of FADD and the protection of E6-expressing cells from Fas-induced apoptosis. Surprisingly, the splice isoforms of E6, E6_large and E6*, affect the stability of procaspase …

The Psychophysiology Of Information Processing Differences In Eating Disorders, Kathryn Grace Truitt

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Maladaptive or dysfunctional cognitive factors are believed to be significant contributors to pathology in eating disorders. The emotional Stroop task was used to examine [the] these dysfunctional cognitive factors. A sample of 31 women (14 nonclinical controls, 13 BN, 4 AN) participated in this investigation, after exclusion for ocular and movement artifacts and equipment problems the remaining sample contained 4 women diagnosed with BN, 4 women diagnosed with AN, and 9 matched non-clinical control subjects. Participants completed an Emotional Stroop task comprised of 8 blocks of words. On each trial, a word was presented in one of four colors (black, …

Mechanisms Of T Helper Cell Modulation In A Simulated Space Radiation Environment, Asma Rizvi

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Exposure to solar particle events (SPEs) poses the most serious threat to astronaut health. Due to this radiation environment, exploration of the solar system beyond Earth’s orbit entails many risks for the crew on these deep space missions. Depression or dysfunction of the immune system is a major concern due to its high radio-sensitivity; potential consequences include overwhelming infection, development of cancer, fibrosis, and poor wound healing. Astronauts are also exposed to low dose/low dose rate (LDR) radiation. A three month stay at the international space station exposes them to ~ 0.05 Gy of radiation.

C57BL/6 mice received LDR gamma-radiation …

Factors That Affect Performance On Executive Functioning After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting, Sapna Mahesh Patel

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Research suggests that individuals who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) experience declines in neuropsychological functioning post-operatively. This decline has been observed in up to 80% of patients early after surgery, and in up to 30% of patients after six months. Many studies have examined the potential effects of CABG on neuropsychological functioning in general, and numerous studies have found that executive functions are impaired in particular. However, none have examined what factors contribute to observed executive dysfunction after CABG. This study investigated the role of memory functions on executive functions in a selected sample of patients undergoing CABG. This …

Experimental Investigation Of The Fluid Velocity Distribution In Stirred Tank Reactors Equipped With Retreat-Blade Impellers Using Laser Doppler Velocimetry, Deepak Rajesh Madhrani

Theses

Stirred tank reactors are commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry for synthesis of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API's) and their intermediates. Typically, these vessels are glass-lined and are provided with a single retreat-blade glass-lined impeller and a single baffle. Despite their ubiquitous utilization in the pharmaceutical industry for at least the past 40 years, the mixing characteristics of these systems have not been studied to any great extent, making it difficult to predict mixing performance in any given operation.

In this work, the velocity distribution inside the typical glass-lined vessel/impeller system was experimentally quantified using Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV), which is …

An Inquiry Into The Narrative Research Process: Supporting A Lao American Woman Tell Her Story, Kaija Freborg

Theses and Graduate Projects

Although many Lao refugees have adapted to the American lifestyle in the wake of the Vietnam War, others have had difficulty assimilating to mainstream society. Phayvanh, a Lao American woman, has struggled with living in both the traditional Lao world and the modem American world. I wanted to help Phayvanh share her life story but found that narrative research, a relatively new qualitative phenomenon within nursing, does not offer a concrete methodology. Therefore I decided to use a multifaceted approach, including ethnography, Newman's hermeneutic-dialectic methodology, and documentation of my process, while supporting Phayvanh in telling her personal narrative in order …

Evaluating Cultural Lmmersion Experiences To Teach Community Health Nursing, Martha Laskar-Alemán

Theses and Graduate Projects

Cultural immersion experiences can be a valuable way to teach the concepts of community health nursing in an introductory clinical course. By having an opportunity to experience a cultural context outside of their usual! area of practice and residence, students are able to expand their understanding of another world view while beginning to develop skills in population and community focused practice. The purpose of this project is to describe a method for evaluating cultural immersion experiences and to identify patterns of expanding professional and personal growth that are based on these experiences. Students who chose immersion experiences, were invited to …

Keeping The Moral Imperative To Care In The Nurse/Patient Relationship: A Survey Of Nurses Regarding Caring Practices, Attitudes And Interests, Cynthia M. Leas

Theses and Graduate Projects

This study examines the caring relationship between nurses and their patients. The purpose of the study is to enhance the development of a new nursing class about caring relationships. A survey was done to obtain feedback from nurses directly caring for patients. Practices, attitudes, and interests regarding nurse/patient relationships were evaluated.

The Impact Of Being Born With Cleft And Cleft Reparative Surgery On Overall Health And Speech Outcomes, Khatansuudal Evsanaa

Master's Theses

Orofacial cleft is one of the most common and treatable birth defects in the world. If left untreated, orofacial cleft can impair normal speech development, growth, and could lead to a number of health consequences later in life. The main motivation of the study is to measure the impact of being born with cleft and the cleft reparative surgery on overall speech and health cleft for teenagers in India using difference-in-differences approach along with household fixed effects method. An overall health outcome was measured using height, weight, grip strength and BMI, and the speech acceptability was measured using a “Universal …

A Proposed Teaching Module For Senior Undergraduate Nursing Students To Counteract Bullying Among Nurses, Sue M. Odegarden

Theses and Graduate Projects

Despite a plethora of literature on the potentially devastating effects of bullying, the behavior continues among professional nurses. Nurses who engage in the behavior jeopardize the nursing profession because of the negative impact bullying has on recruitment and retention. Bullying behavior is unprofessional, unethical and compromises patient safety. The purpose of this graduate field project was to design a learning module for senior undergraduate nursing students focused on bullying. New graduates are vulnerable to bullying behavior. The knowledge and skills acquired from the module enable undergraduate students to recognize and respond appropriately to bullying when it occurs and improves nurse …

Promoting Speech And Vocabulary Development Through Specialized Storybooks In Children With And Without Cleft Palate., Joellyn Ruth Smith

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated changes in vocabulary and speech production in response to storybooks embedded with specialized language prompts and speech recasts. Six children received intervention, 3 with cleft palate (CLP), displaying speech-language delays, and 3 with nonclefts, each 12-24 months of age. A multiple baseline design across behaviors was implemented by a clinician. Results indicated all children increased use of target vocabulary and production of stop consonants, while reducing compensatory articulation errors. Generalization of targets to a picture-naming task, a free-play task, and to the home was observed. Effect sizes were moderate-to-high. Children with CLP required more sessions to achieve …

Feeling Overwhelmed: The Lived Experience Of Nurse Managers., Teresa Potter England

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Multiple studies have addressed registered nurse turnover in recent years. There is little research specifically addressing nurse manager turnover. The nurse manager is addressed in current research as being in a pivotal position to affect nurse retention. Research has focused on the skills necessary for nurse managers to affect turnover; however, there is little research addressing the pressure placed upon the nurse manager as he or she struggles to maintain the nursing workforce. This qualitative study explored the lived experience of feeling overwhelmed by 6 nurse managers currently working in an inpatient hospital environment. Interviews were analyzed using a modified …

Toward The Synthesis Of Nuclease Models., Enni Nina Fomumbod

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Nucleases are enzymes that can specifically recognize nucleic acids and hydrolyze their phosphodiester bonds effectively. As is the case with many hydrolases, nucleases often carry one or more metal centers. Cooperation between such metal centers and other interactions involving general acid-base activities are believed to be essential in multifunctional catalyses. Combination of such interactions in model compounds often resulted in larger than additive effects.

This work is aimed at synthesizing nuclease models that combine the ability to recognize phosphate groups and/or nitrogen bases of DNA together with the ability to catalyze phosphodiester hydrolysis. These models were designed to achieve optimum …

Expression, Purification, And Characterization Of The Mast Cell Proteases Chymase And Cathepsin G., Brent E. Lockhart

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Human mast cells have been associated with wound healing, allergies, inflammation, and defense against pathogens and have been detected in tissues close to blood vessels especially in the areas between the inside of the body and the external environment, such as the skin, lungs, digestive tract, mouth, and nose. Previous studies have shown that mast cells contain large granules filled with histamine, heparin, cytokines, eicosanoids, and the serine proteases, tryptase, Chymase, and cathepsin G (CatG). These proteases are stored and released from mast-cell granules upon activation by antigen binding to IgE immunoglobulins on the cell surface or by direct injury. …

Assessing The Reliability Of Scores Produced By The Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (Sassi)., Joshua A. Woodson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The fundamental principle that reliability is a property of scores and not of instruments provides the foundation of a meta-analytic technique called reliability generalization (RG). RG studies characterize the reliability of scores generated by a given instrument and identify methodological and sample characteristics that contribute to the variability in the reliability of those scores. The present study is an RG of the Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (SASSI). Reliability estimates were obtained from 19.8% of studies using the SASSI. Bivariate correlations revealed strong, positive correlations between SASSI score reliability and score variability of the Subtle Attributes (r = .877, …

Cdc45 Function Alters Cell Sensitivity To Dna Topoisomerase I Poisons, Cynthia Sue Lancaster

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Eukaryotic DNA topoisomerase I (Top1) is a highly conserved enzyme that functions to manage the torsional strain of DNA during cellular processes such as transcription, replication, chromatid condensation and recombination. The enzyme binds duplex DNA and through a series of strand cleavage and religation reactions removes positive or negative supercoils relieving torsional strain. Top1 is the sole cellular target of the anticancer agent camptothecin, which stabilizes the covalent complex. CPT cytotoxicity is S-phase dependent. It has been suggested that the mechanism of this S-phase toxicity is due to the advancing replication forks either colliding with the stabilized drug-enzyme-DNA intermediate or …

Transcriptional Regulation Of Azole Antifungal Resistance In Candida Albicans, Teresa T. Liu

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Candida albicans is a pathogenic fungi found in the mucosa, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tracts of humans. Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC), an opportunistic mucosal infection caused by C. albicans, occurs most frequently in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). OPC is usually treated with azole antifungals, a class of antifungals that target ergosterol biosynthesis, at low doses over long periods of time. This course of treatment allows for the development of azole resistance.

Two major mechanisms of azole resistance exist in C. albicans, the up-regulation of genes encoding efflux pumps and the up-regulation of ERG11, a gene encoding the azole drug …

Factors Influencing Topotecan Cns Penetration In Mouse Models, Jun Shen

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

Camptothecin analogs such as topotecan are currently tested in clinical trials for brain tumors. However the clinical outcome is far below the expectations, which are derived from the promising preclinical studies. This discrepancy could be partially attributed to the presence of two barrier systems in the brain, the blood brain barrier (BBB) and blood cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier (BCB). Further investigations have demonstrated multiple ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are present at the two barriers. Camptothecin analogs are well known substrates for several of the transporters. This work defined the role of two ABC transporters, Bcrp1 and P-gp in determination of …

Analysis Of The Cyc1 Promoter In Candida Albicans, Tomica Blocker

McCabe Thesis Collection

Scientists are considering two factors that may be important in the pathogenesis of C. albicans', it's capability to morph from yeast to hyphal phase, and its differences in colony morphology, cell shape, cell surface and cell permeability. (5) Unfortunately, unlike the bacteria, yeasts do not yet have proven virulence factors. However, science is suggesting that some of the major factors which contribute to the virulence of Candida are its ability to form hyphae, its ability to resist phagocytosis, its ability to adhere to epithelial cell surfaces, its ability to grow well at 37 degrees Celsius, and its ability to secrete …

Reducing Inpatient Falls And Fall Related Injuries In Acute Care Settings, Channing Williams, Nikita Lewis, Victoria Thomas

McCabe Thesis Collection

Falls are a continually rising issue in today's healthcare. In acute care settings, patient falls make up 38% of all adverse events in which include physical injury, undesirable emotional and financial outcomes for the client (Angn, Mordiffi, Wong, Devi, & Evans, 2007). Falls in the hospitals lead to fear, pain, decreased healing, longer in-patient stays, further health-related complications. Falls may also cause patient discomfort and affect quality of life. Prevention of falls is an important goal of hospitals world-wide. Research has been conducted to determine the clinical effectiveness and implementation of a fall prevention. Although falls in hospitals cannot always …

A Wellness Guide For Recruiting Non-Participants Into A Worksite Health Promotion Program, Lorenzo Patrick Cassella Jr.

Graduate Theses

Rising costs of healthcare have motivated employers to offer comprehensive health promotion programs to their employees, to reduce health risk factors such as physical inactivity, poor nutrition, high stress, etc., thereby lowering both direct (i.e., medical) costs and indirect (i.e., absenteeism) costs. The majority of worksite health promotion (WHP) programs only show short-term (i.e., under 12 weeks) employee improvement in any one type of program for a few reasons; > Employers develop action-oriented tools. > Employers do not match current programs with the condition of their population. ^ Employers do not integrate the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) and the Processes of Change into …

The Rhetorical Strategies Of Pregnancy Support Centers Including The Visual Rhetoric Of Fetal Ultrasound Technology, Raymond Kyle Jones

Dissertations

This study examined the rhetorical strategies, including verbal and visual rhetoric, of pregnancy support centers that provide clients with fetal ultrasounds to persuade those who may be considering abortion as a means of resolving their unplanned pregnancy to carry to term. Qualitative data were gathered from 12 interviews of directors and ultrasound personnel from 7 states as well as from television advertisements and printed material. Eighteen research questions investigating the rhetorical transactions between centers and clients were answered. Rhetorical analyses were performed on the verbal and visual messages used in client interactions.

The grounded theory approach of inquiry resulted in …

Point Source Emissions Of Epa-Monitored Criteria Pollutants And The Rates Of Ed Visits And Hospitalizations For Asthma In Connecticut, 1996-2002, Tiffany S. North

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

An Ethnography Study Of Hiv Positive Midlife Black Women, Charlotte Stoudmire Phd

Dissertations

Black women, ages 45 and older, are disproportionately affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. In 2001, Black women comprised 11% of all older women in the United States; however, they accounted for more than 50% of AIDS cases and more than 65% of HIV cases (Winningham et al., 2004). The literature review reflected little research specifically looking at the reason(s) for the increase in HIV in Black women, ages 45 to 60. Furthermore, few research studies focused on HIV patient health beliefs and their experiences in living with HIV. This study was conducted with an ethnography research method coupled with the …

New Fruit And Vegetable Offerings And Challenges Increased Lunch-Time Fruit And Vegetable Consumption Among Fourth-Graders, Cory Ann Hansen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Facilitating nutritional improvement in schools is an important strategy for reversing the alarming trends of overweight and undernourishment currently observed among children in the United States. Compared to national recommendations, many people in the United States under-consume nutrient-dense foods, such as fruits and vegetables. The objective of this study was to determine if various school-based interventions can increase fruit and vegetable consumption among 75 fourth-graders. Interventions included fruit and vegetable challenges, offering a new variety of fruit, and classroom nutrition education. To assess intake, photographs of students' school lunch trays were taken pre- and post-consumption and then analyzed to determine …

Glycemic Load And Risk Of Alzheimer's Disease: The Cache County Study On Memory, Health, And Aging, Eun Young Choi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Carbohydrates are a major energy source for the human body and particularly glucose is the only energy source for the brain. Thus glucose metabolism is important to maintain normal brain function. Evidence showed insulin resistance and diabetes are associated with cognitive decline and a large amount of highly processed carbohydrate intake; in other words, a high glycemic load diet, which increases blood glucose faster and insulin demand, is associated with increased risk of insulin resistance and diabetes.

Based on this premise, the hypothesis that a high glycemic load (GL) diet increases the risk of incident Alzheimer’s disease (AD) was examined …

Nutritional Analyses Of Intuitive Eaters As Compared To Dieters, Anne Wilson Banks

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Rates of obesity in the United States have been increasing despite an increase of dieters. A new paradigm, intuitive eating, has been introduced to counter the negative effects of dieting. Intuitive eating has not been compared to dieters on a nutritional level, however. The main purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional differences between intuitive eaters and dieters.

Participants were asked to complete questionnaires regarding food consumption and attitudes about eating. Participants (N = 32) were then classified as intuitive eaters or dieters and asked to complete six, 24-hr food logs. Data received from these food logs were …