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A History Of The Development Of Speech Correction In The San Francisco Unified School District, 1915-1956, Alfred Donald Cross

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Public school speech correction programs have existed for many years throughout the United States. Most of these programs have been involved. in one or more of the following experiences: expansion, enrichment, curtailment, and. withdrawal.

Statement of the problem, It is the purpose of this study (l) to investigate the historical development of the speech correction program in the San Francisco Unified School District; (2) to determine the major factors that influenced the direction of the development of the program; and. (3) to ascertain the positive determinants of improvement in the further development of the San Francisco public school speech correction …

A Rhetorical Criticism Of The 1952 Campaign Speaking Of Adlai E. Stevenson, Carroll G. Hylton

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

Political candidates' persuasive speaking has traditionally attracted much public attention. The influence of campaign speech in determining the outcome of a political contest is difficult to measure, but, judging from the vast amount of time and money expended on the preparation and delivery of this type of speech, it is considered an important part of any political campaign. This study deals with the 1952 Campaign speaking of Adlai E. Stevenson, a man who gave a new dimension to campaign oratory.

A Study Of The Nurse's Knowledge Of Speech Correction, Ben L. Guthrie

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

It was the purpose of this study: (1) to assess the nurse's knowledge of speech correction, and (2) to establish the basis for the development of a publication containing information about the speech handicapped especially designed for the nurse's use.

The Preaching Of H. Leo Boles, William S. Banowsky

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

In the rich heritage of rhetoric, pulpit speaking has become one of the significant areas of public address. A wide gap would be left in the history of public address if pulpit orators were excluded from its heritage. In a sense, the history of this nation can be punctuated by a study religious speakers that have helped mold its development.

This study deals with the life and preaching of Henry Leo Boles, whose contribution to the dignity of the spoken word of the American pulpit has been significant. The pulpit ability of H. Leo Boles was no mere accident. He …

An Investigation Of The Relationship Of Tongue Clicking To Mandibular Descent, Amy Louise Bricker

Masters Theses

Introduction

The movement of the tongue has been of concern for many years to the speech therapist. At one time tongue exercises were of prime importance in this field but due to the gross misuse of the exercises, they have now become of little importance. Only recently has the motor functioning of the tongue attracted renewed interest. Although the activity of the tongue has often been studied, none of the studies to our knowledge have included the control of jaw movement. Since the genio-glossus muscle serves as the bulk of the tongue and has its origin on the mandible, the …

The Effect Of Recorded Lateral Lisping On Listener Comprehension, Leslie Gene Adkins

Masters Theses

The Problem

This experiment was designed to test the effect of misarticulation on listener comprehension. Of the many authorities who suggest that poor speaking reduces comprehension, Knower, Phillips, and Koeppel state: "Poor speaking seems to be the least effective method of presenting informative materials. There is a direct relationship between the quality of speaking performance and the amount of material recall." One of the important factors which contributes to effective speaking is correct articulation. According to Van Riper and Irwin: "If you misarticulate your speech sounds, it interferes with communication, and your speech is judged as abnormal." Articulation defects are …

The Relationship Between Verbal Facility And Delayed Speech Feedback, Charles Joseph Arens

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

The Correspondence Of Error Between The Voiced And Unvoiced Cognates “S” And “Z” In Children With Articulatory Disorders, Gerald F. Johnson

Masters Theses

Introduction

The problem as set forth in this thesis is to determine the correspondence of error between the voiced and unvoiced cognates "s" and "z" in children with articulatory disorders. It has been assumed that the correspondence of error type would be high due to the similarity of the sounds. Anderson, for example, says that "much of what is true with respect to "s" applies with equal force to its voiced analogue "z"." The problem of this research is to determine whether there is any correspondence between the respective errors on the sibilants "s" and "z" and if they correspond …

A Study Of The Effects Of Delayed Side-Tone Upon Voiced And Whispered Reading Time, Bruce Presten Ryan

Masters Theses

Definition of Delayed Side-Tone

The term delayed side-tone feedback refers to the delaying of one's hearing of himself by a fraction of a second, so that instead of hearing himself as he normally does, he hears himself or his own speech a fraction of a second later.

...in order to produce delayed speech feedback it is necessary to return the speaker's speech to his own ears approximately one-means of a magnetic tape recording and reproducing machine which has used to experience the effect prominently since they deliver delayed speech and exclude the normal air-borne undelayed speech sound which provides the …

An Analysis Of The Articulation Errors In Spontaneous Speech Of One Hundred Children With Lisps, Paula C. Downs

Masters Theses

The Problem

This study is an attempt to determine the nature and relative frequency of the articulation errors shown by one hundred school children with lisps.

The Importance of Investigating the Phenomenon of Defective Articulation

The incidence of speech defects in the child population has been found to range from five percent (5%) to ten percent (10%) of the total child population. A child's speech is considered defective when the listener gives as much or more attention to the manner in which the child speaks as he does to the idea being communicated.

The Correlation Of Various Factors With The Speech Attitudes Of Students Enrolled At Lodi Academy During 1952-1953, Lucile Sherrig-Roth

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

It was the purpose of this study to determine by means of standardized tests and questionnaires which of the following thirteen factors, if any, may have affected the speech attitudes, as evaluated by Knower's Speech Attitude Scale, Form F,³ of students enrolled in Lodi Academy at the time of the testing: Physical--age, articulation, sex; Educational--grade level, oral reading, scholarship, silent reading; Psychological--emotional adjustment, intelligence, residence with parents, size of family, social adjustment, and unity of religious beliefs.

The Effects Of Manifest Anxiety On Stuttering Adaptation, Joseph Agnello

Masters Theses

I. Introduction

When stuttering behavior is viewed as a problem in learning, the phenomenon of adaptation frequently receives attention. A standard adaptation experiment consists of having the person who stutters re-read the same passage, or a passage of equal difficulty, a specified number of times. Under these conditions a relative reduction¹ in stuttering frequency usually occurs. Experimentalists and clinicians alike have long been puzzled as to why this decrement takes place, since stuttering is generally considered by many writers^2,3 as a self-reinforcing disorder; that is, stuttering produces more stuttering.

The present experiment was designed to investigate the effects, …

The Effect Of Recorded Stuttering On Listener Compression, Harold Walter William Homann

Masters Theses

Chapter I.

The Problem

Justification of this research. This experiment was designed to test the prevalent opinion that poor speaking reduces comprehension. Typical of such opinions is the conclusion of Knower, Phillips, and Koeppel¹, who state:

"The comparative effectiveness of speaking and oral reading as methods of presenting material depends upon the quality of performance. Poor speaking seems to be the least effective method of presenting informative materials. There is a direct relationship between the quality of speaking performance and the amount of material recalled. Poor speakers produced least recall."

Of the many factors which contribute to effective …

The Development Of A Clinical Speechreading Test For Hearing Handicapped Children Of Pre-Reading Level, Dolores Smith Butt

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

Speechreading is a valuable aid for the deaf and hard of hearing in maintaining communication with the hearing world. Success in school and society depend largely on an individual's ability to understand and use language, particularly spoken language. Speechreading is used to supplement auditory cues for understanding speech even by those with normal hearing. It is advisable for individuals with mild hearing losses to study speechreading for their future benefit because of the progressive nature of many types of hearing impairment.

A Comparative Study Of The Jaw Movements Of Children With Normal And Abnormal Articulation, Jean Fraser Ward

Masters Theses

Review of the Literature

Introduction

It is surprising that there exist relatively few studies of the movement of the mandible or lower jaw with regard to misarticulation while the activity of the tongue, on the contrary, has received much attention. The purpose of this experiment is to investigate the extent of mandibular movement in the production of nonsense syllables and sentences as spoken by children with dyslalic and normal speech.

A Study Of The Correlation Between Articulation Development Scores And Reading Test Scores, Viola K. Hallock

Masters Theses

No abstract provided.

An Investigation Of Certain Factors Influencing The Testing Of Auditory Phonetic Discrimination, Warren Scott Curtis

Masters Theses

The Background of the Problem

Review of the Literature

The importance of auditory phonetic discrimination in speech therapy. One of the basic criteria for good articulation is that the individual sounds or phonetic units which make up a word must be produced correctly and arranged properly in sequence. According to Van Riper (32:127), when a speaker adds, omits or distorts a particular phoneme to the extent that it alters word meaning, calls attention to itself, and/or produces unpleasant emotional reactions in the speaker or audience, he is adjusted to have an articulation defect.

The Relationship Of Missing Teeth To Lisps, Richard Swerzbin

Masters Theses

Introduction

The Problem and Its Background

The profession of speech therapy is little more than twenty-five years old. As in any new field many beliefs are currently held without experimental corroboration. One of these concerns dentition. The claim is made by some speech therapists that missing teeth cause lisps. Other therapists and writers have doubted this belief. It is therefore the purpose of this study to determine the relationship between missing and articulation of the sibilant sounds, [s], [z], [S], [3], [tS], [d3], among first grade school children.

An Investigation Of The Vocal Phonic Abilities Of Children With Normal Speech And Articulation Disorders, Orville Wilson Wensley

Masters Theses

Introduction

Much of the recent literature dealing with the etiology and treatment of functional articulatory defects, has been concerned with perceptual aspects of the problem. Many clinicians feel that it is in the area of perceptual deficiences that most of the causes of articulatory defects occur, even though research does not support that opinion.

An Exploratory Study Of Differential Diadochokinesis, Marie C. Crickmay

Masters Theses

Introduction

In speech man is forced to use organs, muscles and groups of muscles whose basic function is to serve other purposes, namely, to chew, to suck and swallow, movements which are relatively slow and primitive in execution. But in articulate speech it is necessary to manipulate these same organs and muscles at a faster speech, and with far greater precision than was required of them in the performance of their basic function.

An Investigation Of The Change In The Self Concept Of Stutterer, Lois Nelson

Masters Theses

Chapter I

The Problem and Its Background

The Problem

It is the purpose of this particular study to investigate through the methodology of Q-technique the self concept of a stutterer and to determine whether having to confront one's self as a stutterer changes that concept. The study, therefore, concerns itself with the changes in the self concept of stutterers produced by altering the judgmental frame of reference. To view the problem adequately we need to survey what is known about the self concept.

An Analysis Of The Effect Of Reserpine On Adult Stutterers, Barbara Anne Mitchell

Masters Theses

Chapter I

Introduction

The Purpose of This Study

Sixteen adult subjects, four female and twelve male stutterers, participated in an eleven-weak experiment for the purpose of discovering the affects, if any, of one milligram per day of the drug reserpine on both a stutterer's speech and his attitudes toward stuttering.

A Developmental History of the Drug Reserpine (23:8-40)

Reserpine is a pure crystalline alkaloid of the rauwolfia root commonly found in India, Ceylon, Burma, the Andaman Islands, Java, and Malaya.

The plant is named for Dr. Leohnard Rauwolf of Augsburg, a German botanist, physician, and explorer, who, in a publication …

An Investigation Of The Relationship Between Spelling And Articulation, Richard Errol Ham

Masters Theses

The Background of the Problem

Review of the Literature

The educational importance of speech problems.

There are a number of justification for the existence of speech therapy in the public schools, and some of them have often been expressed in terms of the educational handicap presented by the children with speech defects. Spelling, reading, writing, and speaking often seem to be directly affected by a speech defect. Non-verbal subjects (geography, mathematics, etc.,) can also be affected because they frequently require written reports and oral recitations. In school, the children with speech defects are said to exhibit an overall retardation. Van …

A Study Of The Effect Of Avoidance On Stuttering Frequency In An Adaptation Situation, Theodore Ray Dixon

Masters Theses

A Study of the Effect of Avoidance on Stuttering Frequency in an Adaptation Situation

I Introduction

Much of the recent research related to stuttering has been concerned with the adaptation effect. The adaptation effect in stuttering refers to the phenomenon in which the frequency of stutterer continues to read the same passage aloud a number of times. During these readings each successive passage evidences fewer stutterings until a plateau is attained.

Much of the literature has ascribed great importance to avoidance mechanisms as maintaining causal factors. These avoidance mechanisms may be generally classified in two categories which are word avoidance …

An Analysis Of The Speaking Style Of Dwight D. Eisenhower In A Selected Group Of Speeches, Marjory W. Carr

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

It is the purpose of this study to analyze two of the speeches of Dwight D. Eisenhower from the standpoint of style in an attempt to throw some light on his rise from comparative obscurity to epical stature in ten brief years.

A Rhetorical Analysis Of The Preaching Of N. B. Hardeman, Elbert G. Barnhart

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

In a free society the sermon is a prevalent type of public speech. Its wide usage as a means of propagating ideas has been a powerful force in making and keeping this nation predominantly religious. The importance of pulpit oratory is further appreciated when viewed from a numerical standpoint. There are over 15 million sermons preached each year in the 866,000 congregations of church members in this nation.

A History Of The College Of The Pacific Speech And Hearing Clinic, Winnie Mae Cooper

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

For many years the officials of the College of the Pacific and the Chairman of the Speech Department have expressed a desire to review the growth and development of the Speech and Hearing Clinic since its inception in the summer of 1937.

Statement of the Problem: The purpose of this study is to ascertain the factors concerned with the growth and development of the College of the Pacific Speech and Hearing Clinic.

Importance of the study: To present to the College of the Pacific Speech Department a compilation concerning the growth and development of the Speech and Hearing Clinic so …

Parental Comprehension Of The Adolescent Stutterer’S Attitude Toward His Stuttering, Katharine G. Butler

Masters Theses

The Problem and Its Background

The Importance of Communication

Speech education and concomitantly, speech re-education, is becoming an increasingly important part of the curriculum of the public schools. Speech is not only a tool; it is "our greatest agent of teaching and learning."¹ Therefore, the importance of adequate speech cannot be over-emphasized.

Speech can become an integrating factor in the curricula of both the elementary and secondary schools. Four elements of the curricula currently being stressed are as follows.²

An Investigation Of The Value Of Auditory Training In The Education Of Deaf Children, Martha Yattaw Walker

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

For over a quarter of a century a difference of opinion has existed regarding the relative value of auditory training in the education of the deaf child. The opponents have insisted that in most deaf children there is little or no residual hearing on which to use acoustic stimulation. The proponents have insisted that there are extremely few deaf children who do not have some residual hearing which could be stimulated to promote better speech, to increase speech perception, and to advance better mental health.

The purpose of this study has been (1) to investigate (a) the development of speech …

The Post-War Speechmaking Of Walter P. Reuther, Ronald Reid

Speech and Hearing Sciences ETDs

One of the largest labor unions in the world today is the International Union, United Automobile, Aircraft and Agricultural Implement Workers of America, affiliated with the Congress of Industrial Organizations. Its president is short, barrel chested, red-haired Walter P. Reuther. Reuther also occupies other posts within the union including the directorship of the General Motors Department, in which capacity he is chief negotiator in discussions with the General Motors Corporation. In addition to these positions, he serves as a vice-president of the Congress of Industrial Organizations.