Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Encapsulation Of Disease-Causing And Commensal Mitis Group Non-Pneumococcal Streptococci, Daniel M Musher, Mathias Müsken, M John Hicks, Lesley Mcgee, Bernard Beall

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Mitis group non-pneumococcal streptococci (MGNPS), specifically Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus infantis and Streptococcus oralis, have recently been shown to cause pneumonia and/or bacteremia. These organisms often have capsular (cps) operons resembling those in pneumococci, and some express cps-generated polysaccharides that antigenically cross-react with pneumococcal capsular serotypes. But, to date, a series of MGNPS isolates has not been studied by electron microscopy (EM) for the presence of a capsule.

Methods: We studied 21 MGNPS; 11 were isolated from sputum and determined to have caused pneumonia, 3 were isolated from blood, and 7 were commensal isolates cultured …

Enhancing The Care Of Patients With Bone And Joint Infections Through Educational Interventions, Neel B. Shah, Jessica Seidelman, Katherine Belden, Elizabeth Thottacherry, Allison Lastinger, Priya Nori, Ronald M. Beaulieu, Don Bambino Geno Tai

Division of Infectious Diseases and Environmental Medicine Faculty Papers

Musculoskeletal infections represent a significant proportion of the clinical workload for infectious diseases (ID) providers, often presenting complex diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Many providers may feel inadequately prepared to manage these conditions, which require a nuanced understanding of microbiology, musculoskeletal anatomy, surgical intervention, and orthopedic hardware. We implemented a pair of educational interventions including an online library of high-yield musculoskeletal ID literature and an educational podcast. © The Author(s) 2025. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.

How Life-Cycle Real-World Evidence Can Bridge Evidentiary Gaps In Precision Oncology, Emanuel Krebs, Deirdre Weymann, Tania M. Bubela, Dean A. Regier

Office of the Provost

Precision oncology uses omics-based diagnostic technologies to inform histology-agnostic cancer treatment. To date, health system implementation remains limited owing to high uncertainty in regulatory and reimbursement evidence submissions. In this perspective, we describe a life-cycle approach to the evaluation of precision oncology technologies that addresses evidentiary uncertainty and is grounded in real-world evidence (RWE) derived using data routinely collected by healthcare systems. We consider the role for RWE in international regulatory and reimbursement decision-making, review common biases for observational precision oncology evaluations, make specific recommendations for RWE study design and analysis, and specify healthcare system requirements for data collection. We …

Childhood Loneliness And Cognitive Decline And Dementia Risk In Middle-Aged And Older Adults, Jinqi Wang, Danyang Jiao, Xiaoyu Zhao, Yixing Tian, Haibin Li, Xia Li, Chen Sheng, Lixin Tao, Hui Chen, Zhiyuan Wu, Xiuhua Guo

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Importance: Adult loneliness has been linked to cognitive decline and dementia risk, but the long-term implications of childhood loneliness remain underexplored. Objectives: To investigate whether childhood loneliness is associated with cognitive decline and dementia risk and whether adult loneliness mediates or modifies these associations. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, a nationally representative cohort study conducted between June 1, 2011, and December 31, 2018, with a maximum follow-up of 7 years. Data analyses were performed from October 1, 2024, to January 15, 2025. Exposure: Childhood loneliness was defined as …

Comparison Of Crotalidae Immune F(Ab')2 (Equine) And Crotalidae Polyvalent Immune Fab (Ovine) At Establishing Control Of Initial Envenomation Symptoms In Louisiana Agkistrodon Envenomations, Taylor Sanders, Christine Murphy, Greggory Davis, Christina Aspinwall, Lauren Theriot, Christopher Mcvicker, Thomas Arnold

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Copperheads and cottonmouths are responsible for most snake envenomations in Louisiana. While the United States Food and Drug Administration has approved both Crotalidae polyvalent immune Fab (FabAV) and Crotalidae immune F(ab') (Fab2AV) for Agkistrodon envenomations, data is limited comparing their efficacies for this indication. METHODS: This is a retrospective study comparing FabAV to Fab2AV in the treatment of suspected Agkistrodon envenomations in Louisiana between April 2017 and October 2024. Cases identifying rattlesnakes were excluded. The primary outcome was the need for additional antivenom doses to achieve control after the initial antivenom dose. RESULTS: One hundred fifty-eight patients received FabAV …

Emerging Clinical Role Of Tavapadon, A Novel Dopamine Partial Agonist, In The Treatment Of Parkinson’S Disease, Alan D. Kaye, Bennett M. Ford, Brennan M. Abbott, Kalob M. Broocks, Sofia Novacic, Sahar Shekoohi

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Tavapadon, a novel oral dopamine-D1R/D5R partial agonist, has been studied in recent years for the treatment of late-stage development Parkinson’s disease (PD). Levodopa, a dopamine precursor that currently remains the gold-standard first-line therapy for PD motor symptoms, serves as a benchmark against emerging dopaminergic agents. By selectively activating D1-family receptors on direct-pathway medium neurons, Tavapadon differs in that it delivers levodopa-level motor benefit while avoiding its many D2R/D3R-mediated adverse effects. In placebo-controlled trials, Tavapadon produced clear, clinically meaningful gains in motor function and day-to-day activities, as captured by the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). Recent late-stage results have revealed …

Deep Learning-Driven Proteomics Analysis For Gene Annotation In The Renin-Angiotensin System, Mortaza Eivazi, Kamran Hosseini, Shahin Alipanahi, Huijing Xia, Luke Restivo, Ayushi Patel, Mahdieh Gozali, Tahereh Ebrahimi, Amy Scarborough, Vahideh Tarhriz, Eric Lazartigues

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is central to cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and cardiomyopathy, yet the functions of many RAS genes remain unclear. This study developed a multi-label deep learning model to systematically annotate RAS gene functions and elucidate their roles in biological pathways. A total of 39,463 RAS-related publications from PubMed and PMC were processed into text format. Feature matrices were generated using TF-IDF and token processing, followed by dimensionality reduction via Principal Component Analysis (PCA). A Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) was applied for multi-label classification, with performance evaluated using Precision, F1-Score, Ranking Loss, and ROC-AUC metrics. The model outperformed …

Cardiomyocyte Regeneration Therapy And Its Effect On Lvef And Scar Size- A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Mahnoor Mahnoor, Syed Irtaza Hassan, Muhammad Bakhtiar, Salal Sharjeel, Roha Daneyal, Muhammad Ibrahim, Raheel Iftikhar

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Myocardial infarction (MI) results in loss of cardiomyocytes leading to heart failure. Despite advancements in pharmacotherapy and interventions such as revascularization, ischemic heart failure remains a challenge. Recent advancements in stem cell therapies, genetic engineering and bioengineering have shown to improve cardiac function and quality of life.

METHODOLOGY: Following PRISMA guidelines, randomized controlled trials clinical trials from last 12 years were systematically reviewed. All the patients included in these studies had ischemic heart failure and were subjected to different types of stem cell therapies. Protocol for this meta-analysis is registered on PROSPERO (Registration no: CRD42023399263). Data extraction and Quality …

Subtype-Specific Her3 Enrichment In Basal-Like Breast Cancer Is Regulated Via The Gata2/Gata3–Foxa1 Axis, Congcong Tan, Hui Lyu, Sanbao Ruan, Yakun Wu, Margaret E. Larsen, Shou Ching Tang, Bolin Liu

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Basal-like breast cancer (BLBC) is a major subtype of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), characterized by aggressive behavior, limited treatment options, and poor prognosis. While HER3 overexpression is frequently observed in TNBC and associated with poor outcomes, its subtype-specific expression and therapeutic potential remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that HER3 signaling is selectively hyperactivated in BLBC compared to claudin-low breast cancer (CLBC) using transcriptomic profiling. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), Romidepsin and Panobinostat, exerted potent antitumor effects on BLBC by selectively downregulating HER3 expression. HER3 levels were positively correlated with FOXA1, a key transcriptional activator. Mechanistically, we identified GATA2 and GATA3 as …

Gellan Gum Formulations Containing Natural Polyphenolic Compounds To Treat Oral Candidiasis, Narchonai Ganesan, Lewis Oscar Felix, Biswajit Mishra, Liyang Zhang, Charilaos Dellis, Fadi Shehadeh, Danielle Wu, Lissette A Cruz, R M Arce, Eleftherios Mylonakis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Oral candidiasis (OC) is caused by Candida albicans, targeting immunocompromised individuals and developing drug resistance, highlighting the need for advanced therapeutics. Polyphenols such as caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and ellagic acid (EA) display antifungal and immune-modulating properties. Incorporating CAPE and EA in gellan gum (GG) formulation enhances their applicability and effectiveness against OC. We developed GG-based formulations loaded with CAPE (1,000 µg/mL), EA (1,000 µg/mL), or CAPE + EA (1,000 µg/mL each) against C. albicans. GG formulations containing gellan (0.6% and 1.0%), genipin (5 mM), polyethylene glycol 400 (0.5%), and sorbitan monooleate 80 (0.5%) demonstrated enhanced release …

Periprocedural Results And Right Ventricular Outcomes Of Computer Assisted Vacuum Thrombectomy Treatment Of Acute Pulmonary Embolism: Interim Analysis Of 300 Patients From The Strike-Pe Study, John M. Moriarty, Brian J. Schiro, Suhail Y. Dohad, Houman Tamaddon, Hugh C. Davis, David M. Shavelle, George S. Chrysant, Elias A. Iliadis, David J. Dexter, Juan J. Ciampi Dopazo, Andrew Holden, Frances M. West, Brent Keeling, Andrew S. P. Sharp, Ido Weinberg

Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary embolism (PE) can be a life-threatening condition. Endovascular treatment is emerging as a promising treatment to restore hemodynamic stability and reverse right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in PE; however, more studies are needed to elucidate the effects on the right ventricle after endovascular treatment. This analysis reports the effects of computer assisted vacuum thrombectomy on RV function.

METHODS: Eligible patients for the single-arm, prospective, international, multicenter STRIKE-PE (A Prospective, Multicenter Study of the Indigo Aspiration System Seeking to Evaluate the Long-Term Safety and Outcomes of Treating Pulmonary Embolism) cohort study are adults with acute PE with symptoms for ≤14 …

Transcutaneous Spinal Stimulation Paired With Visual Feedback Facilitates Retention Of Improved Weight Transfer Toward The Affected Side In People Post-Stroke, Hyunje Park, Beom-Chan Lee, Dimitry Sayenko, Sheng Li, Seoung Hoon Park

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

Background: Many individuals with hemiparesis after stroke are reluctant to transfer their body weight toward the affected side and rely more heavily on the unaffected leg while walking. Although visual feedback (VF) has been utilized to improve their weight transfer during walking, the effects of transcutaneous spinal stimulation (TSS) paired with VF during locomotor training in people post-stroke remain largely unexplored. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to determine whether phasic TSS paired with VF regarding weight shifting to the affected leg during treadmill walking would enhance weight transfer toward the affected side.

Methods: Eleven individuals post-stroke participated in …

Scenario Projections Of Covid-19 Burden In The Us, 2024-2025, Sara L Loo, Sung-Mok Jung, Lucie Contamin, Emily Howerton, Samantha J Bents, Harry Hochheiser, Michael C Runge, Claire P Smith, Erica C Carcelén, Katie Yan, Joseph C Lemaitre, Emily Przykucki, Clifton D Mckee, Koji Sato, Allison L Hill, Matteo Chinazzi, Jessica T Davis, Clara Bay, Alessandro Vespignani, Shi Chen, Rajib Paul, Daniel Janies, Jean-Claude Thill, Sean M Moore, T Alex Perkins, Ajitesh Srivastava, Majd Al Aawar, Kaiming Bi, Shraddha Ramdas Bandekar, Anass Bouchnita, Spencer J Fox, Lauren Ancel Meyers, Przemyslaw Porebski, Srinivasan Venkatramanan, Bryan Lewis, Jiangzhuo Chen, Madhav Marathe, Michal Ben-Nun, James Turtle, Pete Riley, Katriona Shea, Cécile Viboud, Justin Lessler, Shaun Truelove

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: COVID-19 remains a disease with high burden in the US, prompting continued debate about optimal targets for annual vaccination.

Objective: To project COVID-19 burden in the US for April 2024 to April 2025 under 6 scenarios of immune escape (20% and 50% per year) and levels of vaccine recommendation (no recommendation, vaccination for individuals at high risk only, vaccination for all eligible groups) and to assess the potential benefit of vaccine recommendations in reducing disease burden.

Design, setting, and participants: For this decision analytical model, the US Scenario Modeling Hub, a collaborative modeling effort, convened 9 teams to provide …

Optimal Medical Care And Coronary Flow Capacity-Guided Myocardial Revascularization Vs Usual Care For Chronic Coronary Artery Disease: The Century Trial, K Lance Gould, Nils P Johnson, Amanda E Roby, Richard Kirkeeide, Mary Haynie, Tung Nguyen, Linh Bui, Monica B Patel, Danai Kitkungvan, Patricia Mendoza, Dejian Lai, Ruosha Li, Stefano Sdringola, David Mcpherson, Jagat Narula

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background and aims: The randomized CENTURY trial tested the hypothesis that a comprehensive strategy integrating intense lifestyle modification and aggressive medical management to goals with revascularization reserved for severely reduced coronary flow capacity (CFC) by positron emission tomography (PET) would reduce risk factors, subsequent revascularization, death and myocardial infarction (MI) compared with standard of care in chronic stable coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: Participants were randomly assigned to standard or comprehensive care groups. Rest-stress PET quantified CFC for physiological CAD severity at baseline, 2, 5, and up to 11 years. The comprehensive care group reviewed PET results with frequent clinic …

Chp1 Promotes Lipid Droplet Growth And Regulates The Localization Of Key Enzymes For Triacylglycerol Synthesis, Guang Yang, Ximing Du, Dougall Norris, Armella Zadoorian, Yuyuan Zheng, Mingming Gao, Andrew J Brown, Shane T Grey, Chun Zhou, Hongyuan Yang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The glycerol-3-phosphate (G-3-P) pathway is central to the synthesis of triacylglycerols (TAGs) and glycerophospholipids, essential for membrane biogenesis and lipid storage. The first and rate-limiting step in this pathway is catalyzed by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases (GPATs), with microsomal GPAT3 and GPAT4 being evolutionarily conserved and predominant in most tissues. While previous studies have implicated Calcineurin B homologous protein 1 (CHP1) as a cofactor for GPAT4, the broader role of CHP1 in regulating microsomal GPATs and TAG biosynthesis remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that CHP1 is a critical regulator of both GPAT3 and GPAT4, essential for their stability, enzymatic activity, and lipid …

Functional Connectivity Predicting Transdiagnostic Treatment Outcomes In Internalizing Psychopathologies, Kai Zhang, Heide Klumpp, Jagan Jimmy, K Luan Phan, Mohammed R Milad, Zhenfu Wen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: Predicting treatment outcomes for internalizing psychopathologies (IPs), such as depression and anxiety, holds promise for advancing precision medicine. The extent to which whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) can predict treatment responses for patients with IPs across different therapeutic modalities remains unclear.

Objective: To examine whether pretreatment FC patterns predict multidimensional treatment outcomes in patients with IPs and whether predictive performance generalizes across diagnoses and treatment modalities.

Design, setting, and participants: This prognostic study analyzed baseline neuroimaging and clinical data from patients with IPs enrolled in 1 of 2 randomized clinical trials (conducted from December 2013 to February 2018 and September …

Identification Of An Rsph4a Founder Variant And Newborn Screening For Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia, Wilfredo De Jesús-Rojas, Katherine P Guerra-Torres, Alondra J Rosado-Ayala, Edwin L Acevedo-Soto, Marcos J Ramos-Benitez, Ricardo A Mosquera

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This cross-sectional study estimates the prevalence of an RSPH4A variant identified in Puerto Rico in an effort to evaluate the feasibility of targeted newborn screening for primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD).

Targeting Aldh16a1 Mediated Thioredoxin Lysosomal Degradation To Enhance Ferroptosis Susceptibility In Smarca4-Deficient Nsclc, Guoshu Bi, Jiaqi Liang, Yunyi Bian, Guangyao Shan, Shencheng Ren, Haochun Shi, Xiaolong Huang, Junkan Zhu, Qun Wang, Wei Jiang, Boyi Gan, Cheng Zhan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, holds promise for cancer therapy. However, the intricate link between ferroptosis and oncogenic mutations remains unclear. Here we show that SMARCA4, a well-established tumour suppressor whose deficiency is associated with poor prognosis and resistance to treatments, sensitizes non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells to ferroptosis. Mechanistically, SMARCA4 promotes chromatin accessibility and expression of ALDH16A1. Surprisingly, ALDH16A1 lacks ALDH enzymatic activity, but binds to the anti-ferroptotic oxidoreductase thioredoxin (TXN), facilitating its translocation to the lysosome and subsequent degradation. Meanwhile, ALDH16A1 directly inhibits TXN's oxidoreductase function by occluding its active site. We also show that …

Inhibition Of Mcl-1 And Mek Overcomes Mek Inhibitor Resistance In Triple-Negative And Inflammatory Breast Cancers, Mohd Mughees, Moises Tacam, Alex W Tan, Mary Kathryn Pitner, Lakesla R Iles, Xiaoding Hu, Emilly S Villodre, Bisrat G Debeb, Takahiro Kogawa, Bora Lim, Rachel M Layman, Wendy A Woodward, Naoto T Ueno, Debu Tripathy, Savitri Krishnamurthy, Yuan Qi, Lajos Pusztai, Jian Wang, Varsha Gandhi, Geoffrey Bartholomeusz, Chandra Bartholomeusz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The MAPK pathway can drive resistance in highly aggressive breast cancers. Our previous work showed that the MEK inhibitor (MEKi) AZD6244 (selumetinib) prevented lung metastasis in a breast cancer xenograft model. In clinical studies, MEKis as single agents have had only modest activity against solid tumors due to the onset of resistance. Using synthetic lethality siRNA screening, we identified myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL-1) as a potential contributor to AZD6244 resistance. We hypothesized that MCL-1 promotes MEKi resistance in highly aggressive breast cancers and that MCL-1 inhibition overcomes AZD6244 resistance. We established two AZD6244-resistant cell lines: MDA-MB-231-R (triple-negative breast cancer) and …

Trends In Radiation Use From 2004 To 2020 Among Adolescents And Young Adults With Hodgkin Lymphoma, Kelsey L Corrigan, Amy M Berkman, Jillian Gunther, Clark R Andersen, Susan Wu, Amber Gibson, Branko Cuglievan, Miriam B Garcia, Gohar Manzar, Penny Fang, Brian De, Sairah Ahmed, Cesar Nunez, Michelle A T Hildebrandt, David C Mccall, Susan K Parsons, Michael E Roth

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Hodgkin lymphoma has excellent survival rates in adolescents and young adults (AYA, diagnosed between ages 15 and 39 years). However, survivors are at risk of treatment-related late effects. Whereas radiotherapy (RT) de-escalation/omission has emerged as an approach to minimize late effects, no prior studies have evaluated RT use over time in AYAs with Hodgkin lymphoma.

Methods: Using the National Cancer Database, we identified 40,717 AYAs diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma between 2004 and 2020. Differences in sociodemographic and clinical variables were assessed using a two-sample two-sided t test or χ2 test. RT use was summarized per year by frequency with …

Efficacy Of Atr Kinase Inhibitor Elimusertib Monotherapy Or Combination In Tumors With Dna Damage Response Pathway And Other Genomic Alterations, Kaushik Varadarajan, Christian X Cruz Pico, Kurt W Evans, Maria Gabriela Raso, Yasmeen Qamar Rizvi, Xiaofeng Zheng, Dhruv Chachad, Timothy P Diperi, Bailiang Wang, Stephen M Scott, Ming Zhao, Argun Akcakanat, Antje M Wengner, Timothy A Yap, Funda Meric-Bernstam

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The ataxia telangiectasia and RAD3-related (ATR) kinase functions with ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) kinase as a modulator of DNA damage response (DDR). We assessed the antitumor effects of the ATR inhibitor elimusertib (BAY-1895344) in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models with DDR alterations. Antitumor activity was assessed by change in tumor volume (TV) from baseline. Responses were categorized as follows: partial response (PR), ≥30% decrease in TV; ≥20% increase in TV, progressive disease; and non-PR/progressive disease, stable disease (SD). Event-free survival was defined as time for tumor doubling (EFS-2). Of 21 PDX models tested, 11 had significant prolongation of EFS-2 with elimusertib monotherapy. …

Age-Dependent Brain Responses To Mechanical Stress Determine Resilience In A Chronic Lymphatic Drainage Impairment Model, Zachary Gursky, Zohaib Nisar Khan, Sunil Koundal, Ankita Bhardwaj, Joaquin Caceres Melgarejo, Kaiming Xu, Xinan Chen, Hung-Mo Lin, Xianfeng Gu, Hedok Lee, Jonathan Kipnis, Yoav Dori, Allen Tannenbaum, Laura Santambrogio, Helene Benveniste

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The outflow of 'dirty' brain fluids from the glymphatic system drains via the meningeal lymphatic vessels to the lymph nodes in the neck, primarily the deep cervical lymph nodes (dcLN). However, it is unclear whether dcLN drainage is essential for normal cerebral homeostasis. Using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and computational fluid dynamics, we studied the impact of long-term mechanical stress from compromised dcLN drainage on brain solute and fluid outflow in anesthetized rats. We found that in young, but not middle-aged, rats, impairment of dcLN drainage was linked to moderately increased intracranial pressure and the emergence of extracranial …

Risk Of Cardiovascular Events During Delivery Hospitalization Among Pregnant Patients With Mental Health Conditions, Kavya Parekh, R J Waken, Khavya Avula, Katelin B Nickel, Kathryn J Lindley, Cynthia Rogers, Karen E Joynt Maddox

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of maternal mortality. Mental health disorders are risk factors for cardiovascular disease in nonpregnant populations, but their association with delivery outcomes is unknown.

METHODS: This cross-sectional study used delivery hospitalizations from the 2021 National Inpatient Sample. We used generalized estimating equations to fit quasi-Poisson regression models for cardiovascular severe maternal morbidity and mortality (SMM) events as defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and non-SMM cardiovascular conditions or complications as defined by the Alliance for Innovation on Maternal Health. Incidence rate ratios were calculated for depression, anxiety, psychosis, bipolar, obsessive-compulsive disorder, …

Surgery Versus Surveillance: A Quality-Of-Life Analysis Of Patients With Moderately Dilated Aortic Root Or Ascending Aorta, Ming Hao Guo, Puja Kachroo, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: The impact of diagnosis and management of ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm (ATAA) on patients' quality of life (QoL) is not well characterized. This study aims to compare QoL with surgery versus surveillance in patients with moderate ATAAs.

METHODS: Treatment In Thoracic Aortic aNeurysm: Surgery versus Surveillance is a multicentre randomized trial for patients with ATAA between 5.0 and 5.4 cm and includes a registry of patients who underwent either surgery or surveillance. From May 2019 to December 2022, 157 patients from 15 centres were enrolled in the surveillance (n = 105) or surgery (n = 52) registry and completed …

Clinical Testing For Covid-19, Influenza, And Rsv In Hospitalized Youths, 2016-2024., Ariana P. Toepfer, Rachel E. Rutkowski, Leila C. Sahni, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Marian G. Michaels, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Mary Allen Staat, Natasha Halasa, Janet A. Englund, Julie A. Boom, Peter G. Szilagyi, Jennifer E. Schuster, Elizabeth P P. Schlaudecker, Laura S. Stewart, Eileen J. Klein, Samantha M. Olson, Sascha Ellington, Meredith L. Mcmorrow, Heidi L. Moline, Fatimah S. Dawood, New Vaccine Surveillance Network Collaborators

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

IMPORTANCE: Studies of COVID-19, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease clinical epidemiology, disease burden, and vaccine effectiveness often rely on clinical testing to identify cases, particularly with increasing use of electronic health record data. However, few data are available describing clinical testing practices to inform interpretation of these studies.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize clinical testing frequency for SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and RSV among children and adolescents hospitalized with acute respiratory illness during the 2016 to 2024 respiratory illness seasons by age, intensive care unit admission, and time period (2016-2020 and each season in 2020-2024); estimate the case fraction missed by clinical …

Mepolizumab Alters Gene Regulatory Networks Of Nasal Airway Type-2 And Epithelial Inflammation In Urban Children With Asthma, Courtney L Gaberino, Michelle A Gill, Jeffrey Stokes, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Mepolizumab (anti-IL5 therapy) reduces asthma exacerbations in urban children with exacerbation-prone eosinophilic asthma. We previously utilized nasal transcriptomics to identify inflammatory pathways (gene co-expression modules) associated with asthma exacerbations despite this therapy. In this study, we applied differential gene correlation analysis on these targeted gene co-expression modules to gain better insight into the treatment effects on correlation structure within gene networks. Mepolizumab treatment resulted in loss of correlation amongst eosinophil-specific genes but conservation and even strengthening of correlation amongst mast cell-specific genes, T2 cytokines, and airway epithelial inflammatory genes. Notably, mepolizumab induced significant gain in correlation of genes associated with …

Sickle Cell Disease And Dental Care Access Among Medicaid-Enrolled Youths, Ashley Kranz, Hannah K Peng, Allison A King, Sarah J Clark, Melissa A Plegue, Sarah L Reeves

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Revealing Hyperactivated Ifn-Γ Pathways In Perianal Fistulizing Crohn's Disease Using Single-Cell And Spatial Multi-Omics, Siyan Cao, Khai M. Nguyen, Kaiming Ma, Tingyi Tan, Xin Yao, Ta-Chiang Liu, Malek Ayoub, Jalpa Devi, Sami Samaan, Yizhou Liu, Radhika Smith, Matthew L. Silviera, Steven R. Hunt, Paul E. Wise, Matthew G. Mutch, Sean C. Glasgow, William C. Chapman, Michelle L. Cowan, Matthew A. Ciorba, Marco Colonna, Parakkal Deepak, Sparc Ibd Investigators

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Up to 40% patients with Crohn's disease suffer from perianal disease, a debilitating complication with unclear etiology. This study identified unique pathophysiology which may help develop novel therapies.

Targeting The Il-36 Receptor With Spesolimab Mitigates Residual Inflammation And Prevents Generalized Pustular Psoriasis Flares, James G. Krueger, Milan J. Anadkat, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

People with generalized pustular psoriasis experience underlying skin inflammation, even in the absence of flares. Spesolimab treatment helps control the inflammation and prevent future flares.

Neoadjuvant Bms-813160, Nivolumab, Gemcitabine, And Nab-Paclitaxel For Patients With Pancreatic Cancer, Patrick M Grierson, Crystal Wolf, Rama Suresh, Andrea Wang-Gillam, Benjamin R Tan, Lee Ratner, Peter Oppelt, Olivia Aranha, Ashley Frith, Katrina S Pedersen, Jennifer Spann, Nicholas Boice, Amberly Brown, John M Baer, Emily G Butka, Faiz Ahmad, Yifei Xu, Jingxia Liu, David G Denardo, Kian-Huat Lim

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Targeting tumor-associated macrophages through C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) improves the efficacy of chemotherapy and restores T-cell immunity in preclinical models.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a phase I/II single-institution study (NCT03496662) combining chemotherapy gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel (GnP), CCR2/5 inhibitor BMS-813160, and nivolumab for four 28-day cycles for patients with borderline resectable (BR) or locally advanced (LA) PDAC. The recommended phase II dose of BMS-813160 was established in the 3 + 3 design. Primary endpoints were safety and objective response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included resection rate, median progression-free survival, and median overall …