Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Development Of Intestinal Tissue-Resident T Cells In Early-Life Mice Before And After Weaning, Catherine Montenegro, Siyuan Ding, Federico Perdomo-Celis, Manuel A Franco

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Intestinal tissue-resident T cells have been poorly characterized during early-life. Here, we phenotypically characterized tissue-resident (intravascular staining negative) CD4

Participatory Implementation Science To Enhance Knowledge And Build The Capacity To Increase The Uptake And Sustainability Of Hpv Vaccination Among Girls In Nigeria, Peter Kalulu, Olufunto A Olusanya, Nkiruka Obodoechina, Maria A Afadapa, Temitope Ojo, Priscilla A Kabutey, Caven N Ngoe, Ashley Bardon, Juliet Iwelunmor, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination can prevent cancer in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), but its uptake remains low, especially in Nigeria. Understanding participatory approaches can help identify local strategies to increase, build capacity for, and sustain vaccine uptake. This study evaluated the effectiveness of an innovation bootcamp in enhancing the knowledge and skills of youth implementers about HPV and cervical cancer as a strategy to increase vaccine uptake among Nigerian girls aged 9-14 years. An innovation bootcamp is an intensive training program that engages end users to build capacity and skills.

METHODS: This was a five-week hybrid bootcamp guided …

Benchmarking Dna Foundation Models For Genomic And Genetic Tasks, Haonan Feng, Lang Wu, Bingxin Zhao, Chad Huff, Jianjun Zhang, Jia Wu, Lifeng Lin, Peng Wei, Chong Wu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The rapid evolution of DNA foundation models promises to revolutionize genomics, yet comprehensive evaluations are lacking. Here, we present a comprehensive, unbiased benchmark of five models (DNABERT-2, Nucleotide Transformer V2, HyenaDNA, Caduceus-Ph, and GROVER) across diverse genomic and genetic tasks including sequence classification, gene expression prediction, variant effect quantification, and topologically associating domain (TAD) region recognition, using zero-shot embeddings. Our analysis reveals that mean token embedding consistently and significantly improves sequence classification performance, outperforming other pooling strategies. Model performance varies among tasks and datasets; while general purpose DNA foundation models showed competitive performance in pathogenic variant identification, they were less …

Structure Of An Lgr Dimer, An Evolutionary Predecessor Of Glycoprotein Hormone Receptors, Zhen Gong, Shuobing Chen, Ziao Fu, Brian Kloss, Chi Wang, Jonathan Kim, Oliver B Clarke, Qing R Fan, Wayne A Hendrickson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Glycoprotein hormones (GpHs) produced in the human pituitary act through receptors (GpHRs) in the gonads to support reproduction and in the thyroid for metabolism. GpHs are heterodimeric cystine-knot proteins; their receptors bind cognate hormones at an extracellular domain and signal through a transmembrane domain to heterotrimeric G proteins. GpHs and GpHRs have co-evolved from invertebrate counterparts. Structures of the human receptors as isolated for cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) are all monomeric despite compelling evidence for their functioning as dimers. Here we characterize the homologous receptor from Caenorhabditis elegans. Its biochemical properties are notably similar to those of the thyroid stimulating …

Impact Of Common Variants On Brain Gene Expression From Rna To Protein To Schizophrenia Risk, Qiuman Liang, Yi Jiang, Annie W. Shieh, Dan Zhou, Rui Chen, Feiran Wang, Meng Xu, Mingming Niu, Xusheng Wang, Ramu Vadukapuram

School of Medicine Publications

Genetic variants influencing gene expression have been extensively studied at the transcriptional level. How these variants affect downstream processes remains unclear. We quantitated ribosome occupancy in prefrontal cortex samples from the BrainGVEX cohort and integrated these data with transcriptomic and proteomic profiles from the same individuals. Through cis-QTL mapping, we identified genetic variants associated with transcript level (eQTLs), ribosome occupancy (rQTLs), and protein level (pQTLs). Notably, only 34% of eQTLs have their effects propagated to the protein levels, suggesting widespread post-transcriptional attenuation. Using both a gene-based approach and a variant-based approach we identified omics-specific QTLs that associated with brain disorder …

Microbial Associations And Viruses On The Risk Of Celiac Disease (Mavric): A Longitudinal Post-Hoc Case-Cohort Study, Kristian F Lynch, Eric W Triplett, Heikki Hyöty, Angelica P Ahrens, Jutta E Laiho, Joseph F Petrosino, Richard E Lloyd, Daniel Agardh

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Celiac disease etiopathogenesis requires genetic predisposition and exposure to gluten, yet these factors alone are not sufficient. Larger longitudinal studies are needed to determine the role of time-varying infections and gut microorganisms. The aim was to design a celiac disease case-cohort longitudinal study using The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study. By age 3-years, persistent tissue transglutaminase autoantibodies (tTGA), i.e., celiac disease autoimmunity (CDA), was confirmed in 704 of the 6132 genetically at-risk TEDDY children. Celiac disease onset (CD-onset) was defined as the age CDA developed when followed by a biopsy-proven diagnosis. A competing risk analysis on …

Mecp2 Interacts With The Super Elongation Complex To Regulate Transcription, Jun Young Sonn, Wonho Kim, Marta Iwanaszko, Yuki Aoi, Yan Li, Guantong Qi, Luke Parkitny, Janice L Brissette, Lorin Weiner, Juan Botas, Ismael Al-Ramahi, Ali Shilatifard, Huda Y Zoghbi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Loss-of-function mutations in methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2) cause Rett syndrome. While we know that MeCP2 binds to methylated cytosines on DNA, the full breadth of the molecular mechanisms by which MeCP2 regulates gene expression remains incompletely understood. Here, using a genetic modifier screen, we identify the super elongation complex, a P-TEFb–containing elongation factor that releases promoter-proximally paused RNA polymerase II, as a genetic interactor of MECP2. MeCP2 physically interacts with SEC subunits and directly binds AFF4, the scaffold of the SEC, via the transcriptional repression domain. Furthermore, MeCP2 facilitates the binding of AFF4 on a subset …

Correction: Perioperative Quality Initiative (Poqi) Consensus Statement On Perioperative Assessment Of Right Ventricular Function, Stephanie O Ibekwe, Jean Deschamps, Michael P W Grocott, Yafen Liang, Andrew Shaw, Tjorvi E Perry

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

The Clinical Pharmacist As Principal Investigator—2026, Dave L. Dixon, Leo F. Buckley, Raniah Aljadeed, William L. Baker, Samuel C. Greer, Amy Y. Kang, S. Casey Laizure, Abbie D. Leino, Robert Maclaren, Milap C. Nahata, Tien M. H. Ng, Elaine Nguyen

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP) first described the role and history of the pharmacist as principal investigator (PI) in 2000. An update was published in 2010, citing evidence from NIH and the ClinicalTrials.gov registry that showed an increase in the number of individuals with a Pharm.D. degree engaging in pharmacist-directed research. The 2025 ACCP Publications Committee was charged with providing an update to the 2010 paper. Key findings include a substantial increase in the total amount of federal funding awarded to schools of pharmacy (SoP) between 2011 and 2023, a modest increase in the number of pharmacists receiving …

Microrna Profiling Identifies Diagnostic And Prognostic Markers In Pediatric Sarcoma., Terrie Flatt, Leonid M. Yermakov, Shreeram Akilesh, Eleanor Y. Chen, Elizabeth Gonzalez, Alejandro Parrales, Marta Zapata-Tarres, Rocio Cardenas-Cardos, Liliana Velasco-Hidalgo, Celso Corcuera-Delgado, Rodolfo Rodriguez-Jurado, Lillia García-Rodríguez, Midhat S. Farooqi, Atif Ali Ahmed

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) function as post-transcriptional gene expression regulators and influence the development and progression of several cancers, yet their roles in pediatric sarcomas remain poorly defined.

METHODS: RNA extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor tissue scrolls of 108 pediatric tumors, including 32 osteosarcoma (OS), 26 Ewing's sarcoma (EWS), and 50 rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) cases, were analyzed for microRNA expression using the NanoString multiplex nCounter platform that yielded information on 827 human miRNAs. The expression of candidate miRNAs was validated with in situ hybridization (miRNA-ISH) and QuPath quantification on tissue microarray slides comprising an independent set of 48 OS, 17 EWS, and …

“I Missed My Other Oncologist”: Established Relationships As Barriers And Facilitators To Accessing Car-T And Autologous Transplantation, Zachary A. K. Frosch, Clark Meshack, Caitlin Meeker, Asya Varshavsky-Yanovsky, Rashmi Khanal, Michael Bromberg, Ashwin Chandar, Emmanuel Quien, Jordan Carter, Shazia K. Nakhoda, Marcus Messmer, Charissa Montgomery, Jason A. Incorvati, Nadia D. Ali, Michael J. Styler, Carolyn Y. Fang

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T) can provide significant clinical benefit, but are not equally available to all patients. Oncologist continuity and trust are important to patients, and may act as barriers to receipt of therapy. However, detailed data are lacking on the mechanism by which these might affect receipt of therapy, or how this barrier may be overcome.

METHODS: We conducted a qualitative interview study with patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) or multiple myeloma (MM) eligible for or treated with ASCT/CAR-T. Participants were recruited from a multi-site academic …

Mucosal Melanoma: Mechanisms Of Its Etiology, Progression, Resistance And Therapy, Sofie-Yasmin Hassan, Thomas W. Flanagan, Sarah-Lilly Hassan, Sybille Facca, Youssef Haikel, Mohamed Hassan

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Mucosal melanoma (MM) is a rare, aggressive cancer whose incidence has increased continuously over the years. This subtype of melanoma arises from melanocytes on hairless surfaces, typically in the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and urogenital tract. The most common sites of occurrence include the head and neck, the anorectal region, and the vulvovaginal region, while the rare sites of MM are the urinary tract and the upper and lower GI tract, including the esophagus, duodenum and the gallbladder. MM arises in melanocytes of the ectodermal mucosa that originate from neural crest cells and migrate through embryonic mesenchyme to their …

Physician Peer Review: Just Culture And Practical Implementation In An Emergency Department, Christian Fromm, Monica Colicino, Merle A. Carter, Elizabeth M. Datner

Einstein Health Papers

BACKGROUND: Although regulatory agencies require hospitals to engage in peer review to maintain accreditation, quality assurance review processes are not standardized, and well-structured peer review of clinical cases involving medical errors and adverse events governed by Just Culture principles is not widespread. We implemented such an emergency department (ED) physician peer review process and performed an analysis of cases that underwent review.

METHODS: We formed an ED physician peer review committee at our institution guided by Just Culture principles, including promotion of a culture of safety to encourage open reporting of errors and near misses, and top-down leadership commitment to …

The Mechanism Of Action Of Remote Electrical Neuromodulation (Ren) In Treating Migraine And Potentially Other Idiopathic Pain Conditions, Marius Birlea, Christopher L. Robinson, Eden Mama, Alit Stark-Inbar, Alon Ironi, Daniel Atashsokhan, Thomas Berk

College of Nursing Faculty Papers & Presentations

Purpose of Review

This review provides evidence for the mechanism of action (MOA) of Remote Electrical Neuromodulation (REN), a non-pharmacological therapeutic technology for treating migraine and other symptoms manifested by certain idiopathic pain diseases. It discusses the main physiological and anatomical aspects associated with conditioned pain modulation (CPM), and how REN is applied for the treatment of migraine pain and other symptoms.

Recent Findings

The REN wearable device (Nerivio®) is FDA cleared for acute and preventive treatment of migraine in patients aged 8 years and above, and CE marked in patients aged 12 and above. In brief, the REN MOA …

Feasibility And Acceptability Of An Implementation Strategy To Enhance Use Of Classroom-Based Physical Activity Approaches In Elementary Schools: A Mixed Methods Study, Timothy J Walker, Derek W Craig, Christopher D Pfledderer, Matthew Lee, Kempson Onadeko, Emma E Saving, John B Bartholomew, Maria E Fernández

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Classroom-based approaches are an evidence-based way to improve children's physical activity; however, they are inconsistently implemented in schools. We developed MAGIC (Movement for Academic Growth In Classrooms), a multifaceted implementation strategy that consists of leadership training, teacher training, and a monthly newsletter to improve use of classroom-based physical activity approaches. The purpose of this study is to examine the feasibility and acceptability of MAGIC among elementary school teachers and leaders.

Methods: We used an embedded, convergent mixed methods design. We provided the MAGIC implementation strategy to a partner elementary school. We then administered surveys to teachers to quantitatively examine …

Developing Ehealth Interventions To Improve Diabetes Management In Emerging Adulthood: Qualitative Formative Study, April Idalski Carcone, Deepika Baskar, Aishah Mahmood, Karen Macdonell, Susan Eggly, Samiran Ghosh, Colleen Buggs-Saxton, Steven J Ondersma, Deborah A Ellis

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Emerging adulthood is a high-risk period during which many with type 1 diabetes demonstrate suboptimal diabetes management and glycemic control. There is a need for effective, scalable interventions designed specifically for this population. Technology-based approaches are readily accessible to this age group. Furthermore, interventions consistent with self-determination theory-which posits that the fulfillment of psychological needs for autonomy, self-efficacy, and relatedness promotes intrinsic motivation for change-may resonate well with emerging adults' developmental needs for establishing independence and autonomy, and growing their social network.

Objective: This study aimed to enhance the potential relevance, sustainability, and efficacy of 3 self-determination theory-informed mobile …

Met Overexpression Is Associated With Superior Immunotherapy Benefit In Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Hui Li, Lingzhi Hong, Pedro Rocha, Rafael Bach, Luisa M Solis Soto, Waree Rinsurongkawong, Bingnan Zhang, Haniel A Araujo, Yasir Y Elamin, Mehmet Altan, Claudio A Arrechedera, Jianling Zhou, Khaja B Khan, Wei Lu, Elliana Young, Carl M Gay, Tina Cascone, Lauren A Byers, Ferdinandos Skoulidis, George Blumenschein, Frank V Fossella, Anne Tsao, Marcelo V Negrao, Natalie Vokes, Jia Wu, Hai T Tran, Ignacio I Wistuba, J Jack Lee, Don L Gibbons, Ara A Vaporciyan, John V Heymach, Xiuning Le, Jianjun Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background/objectives: MET overexpression is common in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The correlation between MET overexpression and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy in NSCLC is underexplored.

Methods: In this retrospective observational cohort study, we curated a dataset of 279 stage IV NSCLC patients who received ICI treatment and had MET expression assessed by CLIA-certified immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay. MET expression was graded on a scale from 0 to 3+, with overexpression defined as 2+ or 3+. Clinicopathological features associated with MET expression were assessed using logistic regression. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated via Kaplan-Meier analysis and the …

Improving Diagnostic Accuracy In Preoperative Glioma Classification: Performance Of Knowledge-Enhanced Large Language Models Compared With Radiologists, Shuang Li, Xin Fang, Yuqi Jin, Yujiao Deng, Wei Hu, Bing Wu, Xiaobo Zhou, Guotai Wang, Kang Li, Qiang Yue

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Accurate preoperative MRI classification of gliomas is essential but challenging due to complex radiological features and inter-observer variability. This study evaluated three large language models (LLMs) for VASARI-based glioma classification compared to radiologist interpretations. We retrospectively analyzed 150 histopathologically confirmed gliomas (43 circumscribed astrocytic, 53 high-grade diffuse, 54 low-grade diffuse gliomas) using standardized MRI protocols. Three radiologists extracted VASARI features, while three LLMs (GPT-4, Claude3.5-Sonnet, Claude3.0-Opus) analyzed these features using standard input-output or knowledge-enhanced prompting incorporating diagnostic guidelines. Knowledge-enhanced prompting consistently outperformed standard prompting, improving diagnostic consistency (intra-model agreement: Sonnet κ = 0.91, Opus κ = 0.92, GPT-4 κ = …

A Phase 1/2 Study Of Ds-1594 Menin Inhibitor In Relapsed/Refractory Acute Leukemias, Jayastu Senapati, Marina Konopleva, Ghayas C Issa, Elias Jabbour, Tapan Kadia, Courtney Dinardo, Gautam Borthakur, Naveen Pemmaraju, Nicholas J Short, Musa Yilmaz, Indraneel Deshmukh, Joie Alvarez, Sanam Loghavi, Guilin Tang, Hussein A Abbas, Michael Andreeff, Kapil Bhalla, Narasimha M Midde, Nabil Said, Amy Noyalis, Derek E Mires, Jing Ning, Lianchun Xiao, Farhad Ravandi, Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Hagop M Kantarjian, Naval G Daver

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Several menin inhibitors are in development targeting menin dependent leukemias, however available preclinical results show variable level of activity. We report the phase 1 portion (to establish a recommended phase 2 dose [RP2D]) and pharmacokinetic analysis of a phase 1/2 first-in-human clinical trial of DS-1594b menin inhibitor. Eligible patients included adults (≥ 18 years of age) with relapsed/refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) including but not restricted to those with KMT2A-rearrangement (r) or NPM1 mutation. Seventeen patients at a median of age 56 years (range, 19-82 years) were treated, 15 (88%) had R/R AML, and …

Brain Power Comparison Between Microgravity And Head-Down Tilt Bed Rest: An Electroencephalography Approach, María Sevilla-García, Adrián Quivira-Lopesino, Pablo Cuesta, Sandra Pusil, Ricardo Bruña, Patrique Fiedler, Fernando Maestu, Ana Maria Cebolla, Guy Cheron, Katharina Brauns, Alexander C Stahn, Michael E Funke

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This study examines neurophysiological changes in microgravity by comparing EEG data from two ground analog 60-day head-down tilt bed rest (HDBR) experiments (ESA/DLR “Cocktail” and “RSL”) and the NEUROSPAT experiment in space. The primary objective was to determine whether HDBR could effectively model spaceflight’s impact on the human brain’s EEG signal. In the HDBR dataset, increases in relative delta (2–4 Hz) (p <  0.01) and theta (4–8 Hz) (p <  0.001) power bands were observed during a two-month HDBR experiment, predominantly in the left temporal and parieto-occipital regions. Conversely, the NEUROSPAT dataset showed a significant increase in beta (12–30 Hz) (p <  0.05) power in the left somatosensory cortex during in-flight conditions, suggesting a potential adaptation to disrupted proprioceptive input and motor control in microgravity. The contrasting findings between the two datasets indicate that while HDBR can simulate some aspects of microgravity, it may not serve as a model for all central nervous system changes, especially those related to proprioception and motor functions. This highlights the need for further research, including larger sample sizes, consistent EEG recording conditions, and integration of additional physiological and cognitive markers to fully understand the effects of prolonged microgravity.

So What? Elevating The Impact Of Implementation Science, Ross C Brownson, Juliet Iwelunmor, Thomas A Odeny, Enola K Proctor, Elvin H Geng

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Given the substantial public funding of health-related research, tangible benefits of this support must be demonstrated. Implementation science provides actionable methods to enhance population health, reduce health inequities, and guide effective public health and clinical practices and policies. We must elevate the notion of impact (the "so-what gap") and the role of implementation science, particularly in university settings.

MAIN TEXT: We distinguish between scientific output and impacts. Impacts in implementation science are commonly defined as improvements in health outcomes, quality of life, quality of services, or policy change. In contrast, traditional academic outputs, such as citation counts and grant …

Soluble Immune Factor Profiles In Blood And Csf Associated With Lrrk2 Mutations And Parkinson's Disease, Roshni Jaffery, Yuhang Zhao, Sarfraz Ahmed, Jackson G Schumacher, Jae Ahn, Leilei Shi, Yujia Wang, Yukun Tan, Jiayin Zhang, Ken Chen, Hussein Tawbi, Jian Wang, Michael A Schwarzschild, Weiyi Peng, Xiqun Chen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Mutations in LRRK2, a leading genetic cause of Parkinson's disease (PD), are linked to immune dysregulation, but the immune profiles in the periphery and central nervous system (CNS) remain incompletely defined. This study utilized a large cohort of serum samples (n = 651) and matched CSF samples (n = 129) from LRRK2 mutation carriers and non-carriers, with and without PD, to assess immune regulators using Luminex immunoassay. After correction for multiple comparisons, LRRK2 mutations were associated with significantly elevated serum levels of SDF-1 alpha and TNF-RII, while CSF markers such as BAFF, CD40L, and IL-27 were nominally reduced. Regardless of …

Accelerating Digital Mental Health: The Society Of Digital Psychiatry's Three-Pronged Road Map For Education, Digital Navigators, And Ai, John Torous, Kathryn Taylor Ledley, Carla Gorban, Gillian Strudwick, Julian Schwarz, Soumya Choudhary, Margaret Emerson, Michelle Patriquin, Allison Dempsey, Jason Bantjes, Laura Ospina-Pinillos, Jennie Hornick, Shruti Kochhar

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Digital mental health tools such as apps, virtual reality, and artificial intelligence (AI) hold great promise but continue to face barriers to widespread clinical adoption. The Society of Digital Psychiatry, in partnership with JMIR Mental Health, presents a 3-pronged road map to accelerate their safe, effective, and equitable implementation. First, education: integrate digital psychiatry into core training and professional development through a global webinar series, annual symposium, newsletter, and an updated open-access curriculum addressing AI and the evolving digital navigator role. Second, AI standards: develop transparent, actionable benchmarks and consensus guidance through initiatives like MindBench.ai to assess reasoning, safety, and …

Transdisciplinary Perspectives On Ai: The Fourth Annual Conference Of The European Culture And Technology Laboratory, Connell Vaughan, Ioana Madalina Moldovan, Silivan Moldovan, Noel Fitzpatrick

Books/Book Chapters

The fourth annual conference of the ECT Lab+ was hosted by Technical University of Cluj-Napoca over two days in October 2024 at the Cluj Innovation Park. The conference brought together experts from the Arts, Humanities, Social Sciences, Technology, and other fields to discuss and reflect on the advent of Artificial Intelligence and how the associated technologies are transforming how we live, work and study. Under the title Transdisciplinary perspectives on AI: Alternative Histories, Current Practices and Possible Futures the conference moved beyond simplistic technophila and technophobia to consider whether we can co-evolve with these new technologies which combine machine learning …

The Gastrointestinal Endothelin System: Receptors, Cellular Actions, And Involvement In Gastrointestinal Disorders, Arjun Singh, Rajvir Singh

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

The gastrointestinal endothelin system regulates vital processes including motility, secretion, sensation, and inflammation. Endothelin-1 acts via endothelin A and B receptors expressed on diverse intestinal cells. Dysregulation of endothelin signaling underlies common gastrointestinal disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome. Aberrant endothelin-1 production and endothelin A receptor activation contribute to the inflammation, pain hypersensitivity, impaired epithelial function, and smooth muscle hypercontractility characteristic of these diseases. Endothelin receptor antagonists may provide therapies for managing related symptoms. However, knowledge gaps exist regarding cell-specific signaling pathways, regulatory factors, and precise roles in intestinal pathologies. Elucidating these details and translating insights …

Variation In State Policies On Sideline Medical Coverage Of High School Athletic Events, Marcus Allen, Aravind Athiviraham, Darlington Nwaudo, Lutul D Farrow, Aossm Bold Study Group, Matthew Matava

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Certified athletic trainers (ATs) are the primary source of sideline coverage for high school athletic events, providing an essential role in student-athlete health. However, there is a paucity of literature evaluating the existence of state requirements regarding the presence of ATs and mandatory sideline medical coverage of high school athletic events.

HYPOTHESIS: It was hypothesized that there is significant variation among state policies on sideline medical coverage and AT requirements for high school athletic events.

STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.

METHODS: A 17-question survey was emailed to the executive directors (or analogous position) of the state high school athletic associations …

Human Plasma Proteomic Profile Of Clonal Hematopoiesis, Zhi Yu, Amélie Vromman, Ngoc Quynh H Nguyen, Art Schuermans, Linke Li, Thiago Rentz, Tetsushi Nakao, Shamsudheen K Vellarikkal, Md Mesbah Uddin, Abhishek Niroula, Gabriel Griffin, Michael C Honigberg, Amy E Lin, Christopher J Gibson, Daniel H Katz, Usman A Tahir, Shi Fang, Jacqueline S Dron, Michael Pan, Sara Haidermota, Shriienidhie Ganesh, Tajmara Antoine, Joshua Weinstock, Thomas R Austin, Ramachandran S Vasan, Gina M Peloso, Whitney Hornsby, Peter Ganz, Joann E Manson, Bernhard Haring, Charles Kooperberg, Alexander P Reiner, Joshua C Bis, Bruce M Psaty, Yuan-I Min, Adolfo Correa, Leslie A Lange, Wendy S Post, Jerome I Rotter, Stephen S Rich, James G Wilson, Benjamin L Ebert, Bing Yu, Christie M Ballantyne, Josef Coresh, Vijay G Sankaran, Alexander G Bick, Siddhartha Jaiswal, Robert E Gerszten, Nhlbi Trans-Omics For Precision Medicine, Peter Libby, Rajat M Gupta, Pradeep Natarajan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Plasma proteomic profiles associated with subclinical somatic mutations in blood cells may offer insights into downstream clinical consequences. Here we explore these patterns in clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), which is linked to several cancer and non-cancer outcomes, including coronary artery disease (CAD). Among 61,833 participants (3881 with CHIP) from TOPMed and UK Biobank (UKB) with blood-based DNA sequencing and proteomic measurements (1,148 proteins by SomaScan in TOPMed and 2917 proteins by Olink in UKB), we identify 32 and 345 proteins from TOPMed and UKB, respectively, associated with CHIP and most prevalent driver genes (DNMT3A, TET2, and ASXL1). These …

Delphi Panel On Neuromodulation As A Treatment Strategy For Dry Eye Disease: Unlocking The Potential Of Natural Tear Production, Esen Akpek, Lyndon Jones, Kelly K Nichols, Lisa M Nijm, Stephen Pflugfelder

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose: Chronic tear deficiency, through reduced production and/or increased evaporation, is regarded as a root cause of dry eye disease (DED). The goal of treating DED is restoration of the tear film ultimately resulting in ocular surface homeostasis. Multiple therapeutic prescription drugs to manage DED exist with varying speed of onset, overall magnitude of efficacy, and tolerability. Neuromodulation is an emerging treatment modality offering direct stimulation of natural tear production. A modified Delphi study was conducted to explore the role of neuromodulation as a treatment for DED.

Methods: Twenty DED experts participated in three rounds of structured electronic Delphi questionnaires. …

High Prevalence And Atypical Genotype Distribution Of Oral Human Papillomavirus In An East African Hiv Cohort: A Cross-Sectional Study, Ian G. Munabi, Adriane Kamulegeya, Dunstan Kalanzi, David P. Kateete, Fred Collins Semitala, Catherine-Lutalo Mwesigwa, Samuel Kalungi, Jennifer E. Cameron, Kimon Divaris, William Buwembo

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Globally, Human Papillomavirus type 16 (HPV-16) is the predominant genotype associated with oropharyngeal cancers. However, little is known about the prevalence and type distribution of Oral Human Papillomavirus (OHPV) in people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in the East African region. The objective of this study was to document the prevalence and circulating genotypes of OHPV infection in a large cohort of PLWHIV attending an urban HIV clinic in Eastern Africa METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study among 1,715 participants of the Makerere University Joint AIDS Program clinic, located in Kampala, Uganda, in East Africa. A salivary sample was collected …

Interplay Of Menopause, Coronary Artery Calcium Score And Cardiovascular Disease Risk, Tanisha Mishra, Diksha Sanjana Pasnoor, Murtaza Gandhi, Nida Mohamed, Shaylika Chauhan, Kokou Adompreh-Fia, Kesha Mayank Doshi, Prerana Sevella, Rupak Desai

Abington Jefferson Health Papers

BACKGROUND: Postmenopausal women face an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) due to estrogen withdrawal, which exacerbates traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance, and hypertension. Coronary Artery Calcium Score (CACS), a well-established marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, has emerged as a key predictor of adverse cardiovascular events. Despite the recognized association between menopause and heightened CVD risk, there remains a paucity of literature exploring the specific role of menopause in influencing CACS and its implications for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

AIM: To examine the interplay between menopause, CACS, and cardiovascular health by synthesizing existing literature.

METHODS: A comprehensive …