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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Healthcare Disparities Related To Income In South Carolina, Rebekka Byrd Dec 2025

Healthcare Disparities Related To Income In South Carolina, Rebekka Byrd

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Low-income individuals and families in South Carolina face significant barriers to accessing healthcare, despite the presence of public health programs like Medicaid. Many fall into the healthcare coverage gap, earning too much to qualify for Medicaid but too little to afford private insurance. This study explored the consequences of the healthcare coverage gap by examining the relationships between income, healthcare access, and the ability to afford healthcare services among 500 adults aged 19–64 who participated in the National Health Interview Survey between 2018 and 2023. Utilizing a retrospective quantitative analysis of secondary data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) …


Investigation In The Association Of Opioid Administration And Access To A Primary Care Provider In Patients Who Frequently Use The Emergency Department In A Rural And Urban Hospital In Arkansas, Cheyenne Star Lowrey-Lagrone Dec 2025

Investigation In The Association Of Opioid Administration And Access To A Primary Care Provider In Patients Who Frequently Use The Emergency Department In A Rural And Urban Hospital In Arkansas, Cheyenne Star Lowrey-Lagrone

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The overuse of emergency department (ED) services presents challenges for hospitals and communities as valuable resources are funneled repeatedly into the same patients. Frequent ED users account for a significant portion of used resources, and efforts have been made to address this public health concern. This paper sought to identify associations between opioid administration and access to a PCP in one rural and one urban hospital in Arkansas. Through an investigation of 200 medical records of ED users identified as frequent users of one rural (n=100) and one urban (n=100) hospital between 2018 and 2023, the researcher identified associations between …


The Impact Of Education And Awareness In Influencing Lifestyle Behaviors That Prevent And Treat Sarcopenia In Older Adults: A Mixed-Methods Cross-Sectional Research Study, Alan Lynn Jones Dec 2025

The Impact Of Education And Awareness In Influencing Lifestyle Behaviors That Prevent And Treat Sarcopenia In Older Adults: A Mixed-Methods Cross-Sectional Research Study, Alan Lynn Jones

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This mixed-methods, cross-sectional study assessed the current level of knowledge and awareness among people aged 50 and older about sarcopenia, as well as their willingness to adopt lifestyle changes that could prevent or reverse the condition as they age. The study aimed to determine whether a lack of awareness and knowledge is linked to current lifestyle behaviors that contribute to or protect against the development of the disease. The population included men and women 50 and older, living independently in the community with no prior diagnosis of sarcopenia. The study used a custom-designed questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. A total of …


Exploring The Relationship Between Maternal-Fetal Training And Maternal Desert Workers’ Compassion Fatigue: A Predictive Correlational Study, Marissa Lemley Brown Dec 2025

Exploring The Relationship Between Maternal-Fetal Training And Maternal Desert Workers’ Compassion Fatigue: A Predictive Correlational Study, Marissa Lemley Brown

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this quantitative, predictive correlational study was to explore the relationship between maternal-fetal training and maternal desert workers’ compassion satisfaction, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress in the southeastern region of the United States. Maternal deserts are defined as areas without dedicated obstetric services and impact more than 28 million childbearing-age women. These areas are becoming more prevalent, leaving healthcare workers to face caring for maternal-fetal health concerns in generalist areas. The study utilized a predictive correlational design to analyze relationships where multiple variables could influence the study. Stamm’s Professional Quality of Life V-5 (ProQOL) scale was used to …


Acceptability Of Active And Sham Home-Based Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation In Major Depression: Mixed Methods Qualitative Analysis In A Randomised Controlled Trial, Peter J Lagerberg, Rachel D Woodham, Sudhakar Selvaraj, Nahed Lajmi, Harriet Hobday, Gabrielle Sheehan, Ali-Reza Ghazi-Noori, Maheen Rizvi, Sarah S Kwon, Paulette Orhii, Rodrigo Machado-Vieira, Jair C Soares, Allan H Young, António R Fidalgo, Hakimeh Rezaei, Cynthia H Y Fu Dec 2025

Acceptability Of Active And Sham Home-Based Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation In Major Depression: Mixed Methods Qualitative Analysis In A Randomised Controlled Trial, Peter J Lagerberg, Rachel D Woodham, Sudhakar Selvaraj, Nahed Lajmi, Harriet Hobday, Gabrielle Sheehan, Ali-Reza Ghazi-Noori, Maheen Rizvi, Sarah S Kwon, Paulette Orhii, Rodrigo Machado-Vieira, Jair C Soares, Allan H Young, António R Fidalgo, Hakimeh Rezaei, Cynthia H Y Fu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a novel non-invasive brain stimulation therapy that is a potential treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). Acceptability impacts patient preference, treatment adherence and outcomes, however, it has typically been assessed through measures of attrition, self-reported satisfaction levels, or adverse events. We sought to explore participant acceptability using structured questionnaires and individual interviews.

Methods: Acceptability was assessed in a fully remote, multisite, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized superiority trial of a 10-week course of home-based tDCS for MDD. Questionnaires were conducted at baseline and at the 10-week end of treatment. Participants were 174 adults (120 women) …


Hsp90 Buffers Deleterious Genetic Variations In Brca1, Brant Gracia, Xing-Han Zhang, Patricia Montes, Tin Chanh Pham, Min Huang, Junjie Chen, Georgios Ioannis Karras Dec 2025

Hsp90 Buffers Deleterious Genetic Variations In Brca1, Brant Gracia, Xing-Han Zhang, Patricia Montes, Tin Chanh Pham, Min Huang, Junjie Chen, Georgios Ioannis Karras

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Protein-folding chaperone heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) buffers genetic variation in diverse organisms, but the clinical significance of HSP90 buffering in human disease remains unclear. Here, we show that HSP90 buffers mutations in the BRCT domain of BRCA1. HSP90-buffered BRCA1 mutations result in protein variants that retain interactions with partner proteins and strongly rely on HSP90 for protein stability and function in cell survival. Moreover, HSP90-buffered BRCA1 variants confer poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor resistance in cancer cells. Low-level HSP90 inhibition overcomes this resistance, revealing a cryptic and mutant-specific HSP90-contingent synthetic lethality. Furthermore, by stabilizing metastable variants across the entirety …


Implementation Of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocols To Improved Maternal Pain Management, Stefanie Sherman Dec 2025

Implementation Of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocols To Improved Maternal Pain Management, Stefanie Sherman

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

Cesarean sections remain the most common surgical procedures in the United States, but they come with significant risks, including increased pain, infection, longer recovery, and higher health care costs. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) guidelines outline an evidence- based, multidisciplinary approach that optimizes surgical recovery and improves outcomes. The primary goal of this project was to evaluate the impact of the implementation of ERAS guidelines in a community hospital with women undergoing scheduled cesarean sections on postoperative pain management as measured by aggregate pain scores. The Iowa Model of Evidence-Based Practice was used to guide this quasi-experimental pre-post project, which …


An Assessment Of Cognitive Fatigue Among Emergency Medical Services (Ems) Professionals In The State Of Georgia, Charlotte L. Bush Dec 2025

An Assessment Of Cognitive Fatigue Among Emergency Medical Services (Ems) Professionals In The State Of Georgia, Charlotte L. Bush

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this dissertation was to delve into the urgent and pervasive issue of cognitive fatigue in Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel, a critical yet often overlooked aspect of healthcare delivery. EMS personnel operate in high-stress, unpredictable environments, frequently working long hours and overnight shifts, which can lead to significant fatigue. This study aimed to identify the primary causes of cognitive fatigue in this population, examine its impact on decision-making abilities and patient care outcomes, and evaluate the effectiveness of current fatigue management strategies. The research employed a comprehensive mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data from surveys and qualitative data …


The Effects Of Escape Room Simulations On Stress Levels Of Sophomore Baccalaureate Nursing Students: An Experimental Study, Bethany L. Mcfann Dec 2025

The Effects Of Escape Room Simulations On Stress Levels Of Sophomore Baccalaureate Nursing Students: An Experimental Study, Bethany L. Mcfann

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this quantitative experimental pretest -posttest design using an experimental and control group was to determine if gaming escape room simulation will decrease BSN nursing students' stress in high fidelity simulation (HFS). The sample size of 64 students had 32 students randomly assigned to each group, the control and the experimental group. The first-year sophomore Bachelor of Science in nursing (BSN) students at a state university were randomly assigned to either traditional or escape room simulation scenarios. Stress levels of each group were measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) tool before and after the simulations with statistical …


The Lived Experiences Of Mothers Of Children With Down Syndrome Using Teleot Services: A Phenomenological Study, Tumini Umukoro Dec 2025

The Lived Experiences Of Mothers Of Children With Down Syndrome Using Teleot Services: A Phenomenological Study, Tumini Umukoro

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

In response to the COVID-19 lockdown in the United States, therapy services for children with developmental delays transitioned to telehealth services. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the lived experiences of mothers of children diagnosed with Down syndrome (DS) who received occupational therapy services through telehealth (teleOT) using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). Bronfenbrenner's ecological system theory was the framework used to address the research questions: RQ1: What are the lived experiences of mothers of children with DS regarding teleOT services? RQ2: How do mothers of children with DS perceive the benefits and challenges of telehealth OT services? …


Exploring Veterans' Experiences And Perceptions Of Mental Health Support: A Comparative Study Of Va Services Versus Civilian Mental Health Services, Jameelah Johnson Dec 2025

Exploring Veterans' Experiences And Perceptions Of Mental Health Support: A Comparative Study Of Va Services Versus Civilian Mental Health Services, Jameelah Johnson

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This phenomenological investigation aimed to describe and interpret the experiences of veterans who received mental health care from veterans at Veterans Administration (VA) facilities and civilian healthcare providers in the Mid-Atlantic region. The investigation examined the complex issues veterans encounter when accessing mental healthcare through both VA services and civilian providers. The research investigated veterans' views on essential elements such as trustworthiness, cultural competence within care systems, accessibility to services, and the quality of therapeutic relationships. The framework helped us comprehend how veterans’ attitudes, together with their subjective norms and perceived behavioral control, shape their decisions about using mental health …


Do Games Play A Role In Personal Socialization?, Jasmine Reyna Landry Dec 2025

Do Games Play A Role In Personal Socialization?, Jasmine Reyna Landry

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this descriptive phenomenological study was to explore how online gamers aged 20 to 40 experience the impact of socialization on self-verification and personal purpose. Semi-structured interviews with eleven participants were conducted, and data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s method to capture the essence of participants lived experiences and the sample population consisted of 12 participants. Findings revealed two overarching themes and in the themes several subthemes that include: Emotional Regulation, Social Presence, Stress Relief, Gaming as Social Connection and Maintenance and lifestyle balance. Participants described gaming as central to sustaining meaningful relationships, regulating stress, exploring identity, and receiving …


Can Cta-Based Machine Learning Identify Patients For Whom Successful Endovascular Stroke Therapy Is Insufficient?, Jerome A Jeevarajan, Yingjun Dong, Anjan Ballekere, Sergio Salazar Marioni, Arash Niktabe, Rania Abdelkhaleq, Sunil A Sheth, Luca Giancardo Dec 2025

Can Cta-Based Machine Learning Identify Patients For Whom Successful Endovascular Stroke Therapy Is Insufficient?, Jerome A Jeevarajan, Yingjun Dong, Anjan Ballekere, Sergio Salazar Marioni, Arash Niktabe, Rania Abdelkhaleq, Sunil A Sheth, Luca Giancardo

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background and purpose: Despite advances in endovascular stroke therapy (EST) devices and techniques, many patients are left with substantial disability, even if the final infarct volumes (FIVs) remain small. Here, we evaluate the performance of a machine learning (ML) approach by using pretreatment CTA to identify this cohort of patients that may benefit from additional interventions.

Materials and methods: We identified consecutive subjects with large vessel occlusion (LVO) acute ischemic stroke (AIS) who underwent EST with successful reperfusion in a multicenter prospective registry cohort. We included only subjects with FIV < 30 mL and recorded 90-day outcome (mRS). A deep learning model was pretrained and then fine-tuned to predict 90-day mRS 0-2 by using pretreatment CTA images (DeepsymNet-v3 model pretrained on radiology reports and fine-tuned on detection of unexpected clinical outcomes using brain CTA images [DSN-CTA] model). The primary outcome was the predictive performance of the DSN-CTA model compared with a logistic regression model with clinical variables, measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC).

Results: The DSN-CTA model was pretrained on 1542 subjects and …


Design Of An Open-Label Extension Trial Of Nerandomilast (Bi 1015550) In Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis And Progressive Pulmonary Fibrosis (Fibroneer™-On), Wim A Wuyts, Luca Richeldi, Shervin Assassi, Arata Azuma, Vincent Cottin, Anna-Maria Hoffmann-Vold, Michael Kreuter, Justin M Oldham, Fernando J Martinez, Claudia Valenzuela, Marlies S Wijsenbeek, Madhu Kanakapura, Alexandra James, Gerrit Weimann, Cyril Drzewuski, Carl Coeck, Toby M Maher Dec 2025

Design Of An Open-Label Extension Trial Of Nerandomilast (Bi 1015550) In Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis And Progressive Pulmonary Fibrosis (Fibroneer™-On), Wim A Wuyts, Luca Richeldi, Shervin Assassi, Arata Azuma, Vincent Cottin, Anna-Maria Hoffmann-Vold, Michael Kreuter, Justin M Oldham, Fernando J Martinez, Claudia Valenzuela, Marlies S Wijsenbeek, Madhu Kanakapura, Alexandra James, Gerrit Weimann, Cyril Drzewuski, Carl Coeck, Toby M Maher

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: There is a need for more effective treatments for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF). Nerandomilast (BI 1015550), an oral preferential inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4B, is being evaluated in two randomized Phase III trials: FIBRONEER™-IPF (NCT05321069) and FIBRONEER™-ILD (NCT05321082). FIBRONEER™-ON is an open-label extension (OLE) of these studies that will evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of nerandomilast. Here, we describe the study design of the OLE.

Methods: This prospective 98-week OLE will follow the Phase III parent trials, which are currently underway with 1177 patients enrolled in FIBRONEER™-IPF and 1178 patients …


Functional Classification Of Platelet Gene Variants Using Crispr Hdr In Cd34+ Cell-Derived Megakaryocytes, Yasuhiro Kosaka, Brandon Lopez, Nina Kishimoto, Shancy Jacob, Emilie Montenont, Rodrigo Huallanca, Graeson Coughenour, Jorge Di Paola, Justyne Ross, Kristy Lee, Matthew T Rondina, Paul F Bray, Jesse W Rowley Dec 2025

Functional Classification Of Platelet Gene Variants Using Crispr Hdr In Cd34+ Cell-Derived Megakaryocytes, Yasuhiro Kosaka, Brandon Lopez, Nina Kishimoto, Shancy Jacob, Emilie Montenont, Rodrigo Huallanca, Graeson Coughenour, Jorge Di Paola, Justyne Ross, Kristy Lee, Matthew T Rondina, Paul F Bray, Jesse W Rowley

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The interpretation of genetic variants in inherited diseases, such as inherited platelet disorders (IPDs), remains a major clinical challenge, as most are classified as variants of uncertain significance (VUSs). A key barrier to functional evaluation is the lack of accessible, lineage-appropriate assays that reliably reflect native gene regulation and cell-specific biology. To address this gap, we developed CRIMSON HD (CRISPR-edited megakaryocytes [MKs] for surveying platelet variant functions through homology-directed repair [HDR]), a CRISPR-Cas9 HDR-based genome-editing platform applicable to CD34


Revealing The Nervous System Requirements Of Alzheimer Disease Risk Genes In Drosophila, Jennifer M Deger, Shabab B Hannan, Mingxue Gu, Colleen E Strohlein, Lindsey D Goodman, Sasidhar Pasupuleti, Zahid Shaik, Liwen Ma, Yarong Li, Jiayang Li, Morgan C Stephens, Michal Tyrlík, Zhandong Liu, Ismael Al-Ramahi, Juan Botas, Chad A Shaw, Oguz Kanca, Hugo J Bellen, Joshua M Shulman Dec 2025

Revealing The Nervous System Requirements Of Alzheimer Disease Risk Genes In Drosophila, Jennifer M Deger, Shabab B Hannan, Mingxue Gu, Colleen E Strohlein, Lindsey D Goodman, Sasidhar Pasupuleti, Zahid Shaik, Liwen Ma, Yarong Li, Jiayang Li, Morgan C Stephens, Michal Tyrlík, Zhandong Liu, Ismael Al-Ramahi, Juan Botas, Chad A Shaw, Oguz Kanca, Hugo J Bellen, Joshua M Shulman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Most Alzheimer disease (AD) susceptibility genes have poorly understood roles in the central nervous system (CNS). To address this gap, we systematically characterized 100 conserved candidate AD risk genes using a cross-species strategy in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Genes were prioritized based primarily on human functional genomic evidence. We generated custom loss-of-function alleles for each of the conserved fly orthologs. Most of the genes are expressed in the adult brain, including 24 neuron- and 13 glia-specific expression patterns. Overall, we identify 50 candidate AD risk gene homologs with requirements for CNS structure or function, including 18 whose loss of …


Optimizing Clinical Monitoring And Management Guidelines For Capivasertib In Hr-Positive/Her2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer: Expert Opinion, Neil M Iyengar, Joyce A O'Shaughnessy, Heather N Moore, Erika Hamilton, Komal L Jhaveri, Cynthia X Ma, Karen Tedesco, Monali Vasekar, Sarah Donahue, Hope S Rugo Dec 2025

Optimizing Clinical Monitoring And Management Guidelines For Capivasertib In Hr-Positive/Her2-Negative Advanced Breast Cancer: Expert Opinion, Neil M Iyengar, Joyce A O'Shaughnessy, Heather N Moore, Erika Hamilton, Komal L Jhaveri, Cynthia X Ma, Karen Tedesco, Monali Vasekar, Sarah Donahue, Hope S Rugo

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Capivasertib, an AKT inhibitor, approved in combination with fulvestrant for hormone receptor-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer with ≥1 PIK3CA, AKT1, and/or PTEN alterations, significantly improved progression-free survival in the CAPItello-291 phase 3 trial. However, capivasertib-associated adverse events of diarrhea, rash, and hyperglycemia may require proactive management. This article provides practical recommendations to support prevention and early intervention to optimize adherence and treatment outcomes.


Information About Task Duration Influences Energetic Cost During Split-Belt Adaptation And Retention Of Walking Patterns Post-Adaptation, Samantha N. Jeffcoat, Adrian Aragon, Andrian Kuch, Shawn Farrokhi, Andrew Hooyman, Russell Johnson, Natalia Sanchez Dec 2025

Information About Task Duration Influences Energetic Cost During Split-Belt Adaptation And Retention Of Walking Patterns Post-Adaptation, Samantha N. Jeffcoat, Adrian Aragon, Andrian Kuch, Shawn Farrokhi, Andrew Hooyman, Russell Johnson, Natalia Sanchez

Physical Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

Studies of locomotor adaptation have shown that adaptation can occur in short bouts and can continue for long bouts or across days. Information about task duration might influence the adaptation of gait features, given that task duration influences the time available to explore and adapt the aspects of gait that reduce energy cost. We hypothesized that information about task duration and frequency of updates influences adaptation to split-belt walking based on two competing mechanisms: individuals anticipating a prolonged adaptation period may either (1) extend exploration of energetically suboptimal gait patterns, or (2) adapt toward a more energy-efficient pattern earlier to …


Super-Fast, Super-Early: High-Frequency Oscillations May Be A Prelude To Alzheimer's Dementia In Down Syndrome, Manuel Silva-Pérez, Jeannie Chin Dec 2025

Super-Fast, Super-Early: High-Frequency Oscillations May Be A Prelude To Alzheimer's Dementia In Down Syndrome, Manuel Silva-Pérez, Jeannie Chin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia has near full penetrance in adults with Down syndrome (DS) and is strongly linked to late-onset myoclonic epilepsy in Down syndrome (LOMEDS). However, promising biomarkers of epileptogenicity, such as high-frequency oscillations (HFOs >250 Hz), have not been studied. This study is the first to use wideband polysomnography in DS to investigate if HFOs occurred and preceded AD dementia and LOMEDS. Methods: Wideband (0.1 to 500 Hz, 2048 Hz) polysomnography was performed using the international 10–20 system. HFOs were automatically detected during slow-wave sleep, followed by manual review. Results: Fourteen individuals with DS and five age-matched euploid …


Comparing Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors With Procarbazine, Lomustine, And Vincristine Chemotherapy For Oligodendrogliomas, Gerardo Duran, Diego Pichardo-Rojas, Ahmed Hashim Ali, Peter Passias, Angela Downes, Wilson Z Ray, Gregory J Zipfel, Hakeem J Shakir, Andrew Bauer, Andrew Jea, Ian F Dunn, Jeffrey A Zuccato, Christopher S Graffeo, M Burhan Janjua Dec 2025

Comparing Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors With Procarbazine, Lomustine, And Vincristine Chemotherapy For Oligodendrogliomas, Gerardo Duran, Diego Pichardo-Rojas, Ahmed Hashim Ali, Peter Passias, Angela Downes, Wilson Z Ray, Gregory J Zipfel, Hakeem J Shakir, Andrew Bauer, Andrew Jea, Ian F Dunn, Jeffrey A Zuccato, Christopher S Graffeo, M Burhan Janjua

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The abstract has been submitted for presentation to the AANS 2026 meeting being held in San Antonio, TX, USA.


Enhancing Intergenerational Health In Nigeria: Peripartum As Critical Life Stage For Cardiovascular Health (Enhance-Cvh) Study: Findings From Pre-Implementation Using The Updated Consolidated Framework For Implementation Research (Cfir 2.0), Julia D López, Cecilia Nartey, Debra Haire-Joshu, Victor G Dávila-Román, Mark D Huffman, Clementina E Okoro, Et Al. Dec 2025

Enhancing Intergenerational Health In Nigeria: Peripartum As Critical Life Stage For Cardiovascular Health (Enhance-Cvh) Study: Findings From Pre-Implementation Using The Updated Consolidated Framework For Implementation Research (Cfir 2.0), Julia D López, Cecilia Nartey, Debra Haire-Joshu, Victor G Dávila-Román, Mark D Huffman, Clementina E Okoro, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Pregnancy is a crucial period to improve cardiovascular health (CVH) for mothers and their families. The current study emphasizes framework-guided factors that influence the adaptation of an evidence-based intervention (Parents as Teachers and Healthy Eating Active Living Taught at Home [PAT + HEALTH]) to support healthy gestational weight gain and postpartum weight management among pregnant women with obesity and their infants in Nigeria.

METHODS: From May to June 2023, 43 in-depth interviews were conducted with 11 parents, 15 community health extension workers (CHEWs)/health educators, and 17 policymakers/ healthcare supervisors in the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. Additionally, nine focus groups …


Brain Metabolic-Functional (De)Coupling From Health To Glioma Dysfunction, G Vallini, G Baron, E Silvestri, T Volpi, A G Vlassenko, M S Goyal, A Chiuso, D Cecchin, M Corbetta, A Bertoldo Dec 2025

Brain Metabolic-Functional (De)Coupling From Health To Glioma Dysfunction, G Vallini, G Baron, E Silvestri, T Volpi, A G Vlassenko, M S Goyal, A Chiuso, D Cecchin, M Corbetta, A Bertoldo

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The interplay between brain metabolism and function supports the brain's adaptive capacity in cognitively demanding processes. Prior work has linked glucose metabolism to resting-state fMRI activity, but often overlooks both hemodynamic confounders in the BOLD signal and the brain's dynamic nature. To address this, we employed a novel effective connectivity decomposition, separating symmetric partial covariance, capturing "true" statistical dependencies between regions, from antisymmetric differential covariance, reflecting directional brain flow. In 42 healthy subjects, we show that partial covariance corresponds to metabolic connectivity across regions, while node directionality relates to standardized uptake value ratio, a proxy for local glucose consumption. We …


Improving Palliative Care Knowledge And Intentions Among Great Plains American Indians: Efficacy Results From A Randomized Clinical Trial Testing A Culture-Centric Palliative Care Message, Mary J. Isaacson, Kah Meng (Charlie) Soh, Christopher S. Wichman, Gina Johnson, Kelly Le Beaux, Semhar Michael, Lisa Sparks, Karla M. Hunter Dec 2025

Improving Palliative Care Knowledge And Intentions Among Great Plains American Indians: Efficacy Results From A Randomized Clinical Trial Testing A Culture-Centric Palliative Care Message, Mary J. Isaacson, Kah Meng (Charlie) Soh, Christopher S. Wichman, Gina Johnson, Kelly Le Beaux, Semhar Michael, Lisa Sparks, Karla M. Hunter

Communication Faculty Articles and Research

Background

Palliative care (PC) has the potential to alleviate symptom burden and enhance quality of life, yet use of PC among American Indians lags significantly behind whites.

Methods

This randomized clinical trial employed a randomized, complete block, posttest-only control group design to evaluate the efficacy of a culture-centric narrative video message to increase knowledge of and communication about PC among AI adults residing in three Great Plains Reservations compared to a general PC message or no message. Measures included participants’ knowledge of and intentions to discuss PC using a posttest survey.

Results

N = 320 individuals completed the survey. Both …


Cv: Mirelya Marquez (Radiography), Mirelya Marquez Dec 2025

Cv: Mirelya Marquez (Radiography), Mirelya Marquez

Rehabilitation and Health Sciences Department Faculty Curricula Vitae

No abstract provided.


Selenium Nanoparticles As Versatile Delivery Tools, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Rajesh Vadlapatla, Ajoy Koomer, Kyle Yep, Keykavous Parang Dec 2025

Selenium Nanoparticles As Versatile Delivery Tools, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Rajesh Vadlapatla, Ajoy Koomer, Kyle Yep, Keykavous Parang

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have emerged as promising metal-based nanoparticles for drug delivery due to their unique physicochemical properties, intrinsic bioactivity, and biocompatibility. SeNPs offer a lower toxicity, higher bioavailability, and flexibility to be customized for surface chemistry compared to traditional selenium compounds. Advances in synthetic strategies, including chemical reduction, green biosynthesis, and surface functionalization with polymers, peptides, or ligands, have improved their stability, targeting capability, and circulation time. SeNP-based systems have demonstrated unique anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities, as they can function as drug carriers and active therapeutic agents. The surface of SeNPs has been functionalized with ligands such as …


Cv: Mirelya Marquez (Radiography), Mirelya Marquez Dec 2025

Cv: Mirelya Marquez (Radiography), Mirelya Marquez

Health Sciences Department Curricula Vitae

No abstract provided.


Presenteeism Among Health Care Personnel With Covid-19, James C. Crosby, Eliezer Santos Leon, Brian Chinnock, Karisa K. Harland, Anusha Krishnadasan, Nicholas M. Mohr, Ian D. Plumb, Melissa Briggs Hagen, Kelli Wallace, David A. Talan, Project Prevent Network, Anne Zepeski, Tracy Young, Howard A. Smithline, Lilly C. Lee, Stephen C. Lim, Et Al Dec 2025

Presenteeism Among Health Care Personnel With Covid-19, James C. Crosby, Eliezer Santos Leon, Brian Chinnock, Karisa K. Harland, Anusha Krishnadasan, Nicholas M. Mohr, Ian D. Plumb, Melissa Briggs Hagen, Kelli Wallace, David A. Talan, Project Prevent Network, Anne Zepeski, Tracy Young, Howard A. Smithline, Lilly C. Lee, Stephen C. Lim, Et Al

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

IMPORTANCE: Presenteeism-defined as continuing to work during an illness-poses a public health risk in the workplace and is especially hazardous within health care institutions where vulnerable patients may be exposed to nosocomial infections. Understanding the frequency and characteristics of health care personnel (HCP) who report presenteeism while ill with COVID-19 may help mitigate SARS-CoV-2 spread in hospitals and other health care institutions. OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency of presenteeism among HCP with symptomatic COVID-19, and to evaluate the demographic, occupational, and clinical factors associated with it. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This is an observational cohort study that uses data from …


Understanding Medical Information And Emotional Support Needs In Mental Health Questions With Large Language Models, Chen Liu, William Yu Chung Wang, Gohar Khan Dec 2025

Understanding Medical Information And Emotional Support Needs In Mental Health Questions With Large Language Models, Chen Liu, William Yu Chung Wang, Gohar Khan

All Works

Purpose – This study seeks to bridge the gap between users’ multidimensional needs and the single-task capabilities of existing Mental Health Question Answering (MHQA) systems by tackling the underexplored challenge of jointly understanding medical informational needs and emotional support needs within complex consumer mental health inquiries. Design/methodology/approach – Grounded in Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST), the proposed Multi-Needs and Context Recognition (MNCR) framework decomposes mental health question understanding task into four interrelated subtasks: Medical Needs Recognition (MNR), Medical Needs-related Context Extraction (MNCE), Emotional Needs Recognition (ENR) and Emotional Needs-related Context Extraction (ENCE). A new benchmark dataset, MHQ-MedEmo, was constructed through multi-layered …


Travel Time To Treating Facility And Mortality In Men With Prostate Cancer, Stephan M. Korn, Filippo Dagnino, Danesha Daniels, Zhiyu Qian, Hanna Zurl, Klara K. Pohl, Mei Chin Hsieh, Brenda Y. Hernandez, Andrea Piccolini, Alexander P. Cole, Amanda J. Reich, Joel S. Weissman, Quoc Dien Trinh, Hari S. Iyer Dec 2025

Travel Time To Treating Facility And Mortality In Men With Prostate Cancer, Stephan M. Korn, Filippo Dagnino, Danesha Daniels, Zhiyu Qian, Hanna Zurl, Klara K. Pohl, Mei Chin Hsieh, Brenda Y. Hernandez, Andrea Piccolini, Alexander P. Cole, Amanda J. Reich, Joel S. Weissman, Quoc Dien Trinh, Hari S. Iyer

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

IMPORTANCE Geographic access to prostate cancer care may influence outcomes but is often measured using straight-line distance, which may not accurately capture the travel burden experienced by patients. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between estimated travel time from patients’ residence to treatment facilities and all-cause and prostate cancer–specific mortality. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This retrospective cohort study used data from the Multilevel Epidemiologic Tumor Registry for Oncology, a nationally representative, investigatorinitiated, population-based cancer registry that integrates geomasked residential and treatment facility information from multiple US state cancer registries. The study included patients aged 40 to 99 years from Hawaii, Louisiana, …


Restoration Of Sfrp3 Preserves The Neural Stem Cell Pool And Spatial Discrimination Ability In A Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, Chia-Hsuan Fu, Jin Park, Umberto Tosi, Francisco A Blanco, Manuel Silva-Pérez, Kavitha Muralidharan, Jason C You, Minjung Lee, Gabriel S Stephens, Xiaohong Zhang, Yi Zheng, Helen Scharfman, Kimberley F Tolias, Jeannie Chin Dec 2025

Restoration Of Sfrp3 Preserves The Neural Stem Cell Pool And Spatial Discrimination Ability In A Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, Chia-Hsuan Fu, Jin Park, Umberto Tosi, Francisco A Blanco, Manuel Silva-Pérez, Kavitha Muralidharan, Jason C You, Minjung Lee, Gabriel S Stephens, Xiaohong Zhang, Yi Zheng, Helen Scharfman, Kimberley F Tolias, Jeannie Chin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have an increased incidence of seizures, which worsen cognitive decline. Using a transgenic mouse model of AD neuropathology that exhibits spontaneous seizures, we previously found that seizure activity stimulates and accelerates depletion of the hippocampal neural stem cell (NSC) pool, which was associated with deficits in neurogenesis-dependent spatial discrimination. However, the precise molecular mechanisms that drive seizure-induced activation and depletion of NSCs are unclear. Here, using mice of both sexes, we performed RNA-sequencing on the hippocampal dentate gyrus and identified differentially expressed regulators of neurogenesis in the Wnt signaling pathway that regulates many aspects of …