Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Sodium Content Of Packaged Foods And Beverages In Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study With Who Global Sodium Benchmarks, Kenya, And South Africa, Adedayo E Ojo, Alexandra Jones, Kylie Howes, Vanessa Alfa, Anthony Orji, Oluwafemi A Stephen, Carla Pool, Alex Kibet, Fraser Taylor, Diederick E Grobbee, Bruce Neal, Mark D Huffman, Dike B Ojji, Sanne A E Peters

2020-Current year OA Pubs

High intake of processed foods, especially those with high sodium content, is a contributor to hypertension and cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to compare the sodium content of packaged foods and beverages in Nigeria to WHO Global Sodium Benchmarks and similar products in Kenya and South Africa. The study examined packaged foods from major retail stores in the capital cities of the Federal Capital Territory, Kano, and Ogun states in Nigeria from November 2020 to March 2021. Benchmark values were based on the 2021 WHO Global Sodium Benchmarks. We used secondary data from packaged food surveys conducted in South Africa …

Epigenetic Activation Of Ebv Bglf4 Determines Antiviral-Based Regimen Response In Ebv+Cns Lymphoproliferative Disease, Christoph Weigel, Haley Klimaszewski, Fode Tounkara, Selamawit Addissie, Sarah Schlotter, Betsy Pray, James Dugan, Bradley Haverkos, Lynda Villagomez, Mark Lustberg, Pierluigi Porcu, Timothy Voorhees, Richard Ambinder, Shannon Kenney, Joyce Fingeroth, Henri-Jacques Delecluse, Michael Caligiuri, Lapo Alinari, Ginny Bumgardner, Christopher Oakes, Robert Baiocchi

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)–associated primary central nervous system lymphoproliferative diseases (EBV+PCNSL) are aggressive conditions with poor prognoses. We previously reported durable responses in patients with PCNSL who were treated with the antivirals ganciclovir and azidothymidine, plus rituximab and dexamethasone (GARD). Responses were associated with the detection of the lytic viral protein kinases, BGLF4 and BXLF1. These antiviral activating kinases are associated with lytic EBV, however, the mechanism for expression in latently infected EBV+CNSL is unknown. Expanding on previous work, we provide long-term clinical outcome data (N = 24) and show that RNA expression analysis in CNSL tissue biopsies (n = 12) …

Sickle Cell Visualization In Vivo In Humans: Microvascular Occlusion Formation And Hemorheological Indices, Marisa M Morakis, Luojie Huang, Gregory N. Mckay, Sophie Lanzkron, Lydia H. Pecker, Nicholas J. Durr

Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research

Vaso-occlusion is a signature pathology of sickle cell disease (SCD). However, the lack of in vivo methods to observe individual blood cell dynamics in humans limits our understanding of occlusion formation mechanisms. We present a novel in vivo, noninvasive, label-free, and high-resolution imaging technique to study blood flow and sickled cell behavior in affected individuals. We used oblique back-illumination microscopy (OBM) to capture videos of 91.0 ± 42.3 sublingual capillaries in each of 10 participants with SCD before and after red cell transfusions and compared the measurements to 10 unaffected controls. With direct observation of blood cell activity, we identified …

Beat-Bk: An Adaptive, Randomized Controlled Trial To Treat Polyomavirus Infections (Bkpyv) In Kidney And Kidney-Pancreas Transplantation Recipients (Beat-Bk) Study Protocol, Ryan Gately, Michael Dymock, Dharshana Sabanayagam, Scott B. Campbell, Jonathan C. Craig, Vikas Dharnidharka, Anna Francis, Jonathan M. Gleadle, Martin Hajek, Sana Hamilton, Martin Howell, Nicole Isbel, Allison Jaure, David W. Johnson, John Kanellis, Karen Keung, Siah Kim, Jen Kok, Dirk R. Kuypers, Nicholas Larkins, Wai H. Lim, Rahul Mainra, Julie A. Marsh, Gabor Mihala, Brian Nankivell, Samantha Ng

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background. – BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) is a common opportunistic infection in kidney transplant recipients, typically reactivating in the context of immunosuppression. Although asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, reactivation in transplant recipients can cause BKPyV-associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN), a leading cause of graft dysfunction and loss. BKPyV viremia affects approximately 10%–15% of transplant recipients, and once BKPyVAN is established, the risk of graft failure can exceed 50%. The current standard of care involves immunosuppression reduction to restore virus-specific immunity, but this approach increases the risk of acute and chronic rejection. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), which contains antiviral and immunomodulatory antibodies, has been proposed as …

Process Perspectives On Lung Cancer Screening In Primary Care: A Qualitative Study Of Providers And Staff In An Urban U.S. Healthcare System, Tina Duong Nguyen, Elochukwu Ezenwankwo, Lem Phan, Melissa Dicarlo, Amanda Indictor, Ronald Myers, Jan M Eberth

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The limited integration of important aspects of lung cancer screening (LCS) into routine primary care practice has contributed to suboptimal LCS rates nationwide. We aimed to shed light on the pathways that facilitate LCS referral/order and completion in primary care patients, focusing on the screening workflows and processes.

METHODS: We conducted semi-structured interviews with 10 providers and staff members at Jefferson Health, an urban U.S. health system that employs a hybrid approach to LCS. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

RESULTS: We identified eight themes related to care coordination and systemic challenges in LCS processes in primary care. While …

A Pocket Manual For Human Papillomavirus Vaccines, Natalie A Voss, J Brooks Jackson, Mary B Rysavy

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide and is responsible for the majority of cervical, anal, and vaginal cancers. The first prophylactic HPV vaccine was introduced in the United States in 2006. Extensive evidence demonstrates the HPV vaccine is highly efficacious and effective, particularly when administered prior to HPV exposure. Despite strong safety data and proven cost-effectiveness, HPV vaccine uptake in the United States and globally remains suboptimal. Barriers to vaccination include limited knowledge, safety concerns, and logistical challenges. Current advancements focus on single-dose vaccine regimens, development of therapeutic vaccines, and higher-valent formulations. Expanding HPV vaccine …

Medial Pulvinar Nucleus As A Causal Hub For Heteromodal Naming, Oscar Woolnough, Tessy Thomas, Kathryn M Snyder, Ellery Wheeler, Jay Gavvala, Nitin Tandon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Our ability to retrieve the names of objects in our environment is a fundamental aspect of everyday life. This process requires a complex, dynamic network of cortical and subcortical interactions. While the cortical constituents of this network have been extensively studied with intracranial recordings, the subcortical nodes of the naming network are unclear. We probed the role of the left medial pulvinar nucleus in naming with direct intracranial recordings and stimulation in eight humans (three male, five female) as they named objects using pictures and auditory and written descriptions. We found a spectrotemporal signature of naming in the left medial …

Childhood Maltreatment And Deviations From Normative Brain Structure: A Mega-Analysis Of 3,711 Individuals From The Enigma Mdd And Enigma Ptsd Working Groups, Haley R Wang, Zhen-Qi Liu, Elena Pozzi, Ahmed Hussain, Priyanka Sigar, Chadi Abdallah, Nina Alexander, Justin Baker, Jochen Bauer, Jennifer Urbano Blackford, Josh Cisler, Colm G Connolly, Andrew Cotton, Judith Daniels, Udo Dannlowski, Maria Densmore, Terri Deroon-Cassini, Danai Dima, Stefan Du Plessis, Amit Etkin, Negar Fani, Lukas Fisch, Jacklynn Fitzgerald, Thomas Frodl, Cynthia H Y Fu, Ali Saffet Gonul, Evan M Gordon, Ian Gotlib, Roberto Goya-Maldonado, Nynke A Groenewold, Dominik Grotegerd, Tim Hahn, J Paul Hamilton, Laura Han, Ilan Harpaz-Rotem, Courtney C Haswell, Ryan Herringa, Julia Herzog, Jonathan Ipser, Neda Jahanshad, Tanja Jovanovic, Milissa Kaufman, Tilo Kircher, Maximilian Konowski, Sheri-Michelle Koopowitz, Axel Krug, John Krystal, Ruth Lanius, Christine Larson, Amit Lazarov, Lauren Lebois, Elisabeth Leehr, Ifat Levy, Meng Li, Antje Manthey, Adi Maron-Katz, Andrew Mcintosh, Katie Mclaughlin, Susanne Meinert, Benson Mwangi, Steven M Nelson, Igor Nenadić, Yuval Neria, Richard Neufeld, Amar Ojha, Bunmi Olatunji, Elizabeth A Olson, Nils Opel, Matthew Peverill, Kerry Ressler, Marisa Ross, Isabelle Rosso, Matthew Sacchet, Kelly Sambrook, Christian Schmahl, Soraya Seedat, Martha E Shenton, Maurizio Sicorello, Anika Sierk, Jair C Soares, Dan J Stein, Frederike Stein, Murray B Stein, Benjamin Suarez-Jimenez, Jean Théberge, Sophia I Thomopoulos, Carissa Tomas, Paula Usemann, Leigh L Van Den Heuvel, Sanne Van Rooij, Henrik Walter, Martin Walter, Xin Wang, Heather Whalley, Nils R Winter, Mon-Ju Wu, Hong Xie, Tony Yang, Xi Zhu, Sigal Zilcha-Mano, Giovana B Zunta-Soares, Sophia Frangou, Paul M Thompson, Lauren Salminen, Delin Sun, Rajendra Morey, Jennifer S Stevens, Lianne Schmaal, Tiffany C Ho

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Childhood maltreatment (CM), encompassing abuse and neglect, is highly prevalent and associated with elevated risk for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), and other related conditions. The extent to which neuroanatomical alterations in MDD and PTSD are attributable to CM, however, is uncertain.

Methods: Here, we analyzed CM and whole-brain MRI data from 3,711 participants in the ENIGMA MDD and PTSD Working Groups (25 sites; 33.3±13.0 years; 59.9% female). Normative modeling estimated deviation z-scores for 14 subcortical volumes (SV), 68 cortical thickness (CT), and 68 surface area (SA) measures. To identify transdiagnostic effects, associations between CM and …

Prevalence, Spatial And Temporal Distribution Of Tungiasis In The Kilifi Health And Demographic Surveillance System (Khdss) In Kenya, Nelson Ouma, Samuel K. Muchiri, Christopher Nyundo, David Walumbe, Amek Nyaguara, Marta Maia, Ifedayo Adetifa, Benedict Orindi, Phillip Bejon, Ulrike Fillinger, Lynne Elson

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

INTRODUCTION: Tungiasis is a highly neglected tropical disease of the skin caused by an embedded female sand flea affecting the most resource-poor communities in sub-Saharan Africa, the Caribbean and South America. The global disease burden is unknown and systematic, fine-resolution spatial data on prevalence and environmental and ecological risk factors are rare. METHODS: We leveraged the Kilifi Health and Demographic Surveillance System of 90 257 households and asked whether they had a case of tungiasis in the household at interview during three survey rounds of routine surveys, undertaken between May 2021 and May 2022. Precise geospatial data to locate households …

There’S No “I” In Team: Sustaining Interprofessional Education, Molly Scarlato Dnp, Rn, Kristina J. Rosario Bsn, Rn, Kortney Welles Msn, Rn, Cmsrn

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Modulating Alternative Splicing Of Mecp2 Is A Potential Therapeutic Strategy For Rett Syndrome, Harini P Tirumala, Li Wang, Yan Li, Sameer S Bajikar, Ashley G Anderson, Wei Wang, Alexander J Trostle, Mahla Zahabiyon, Aleksandar Bajic, Jean J Kim, Hu Chen, Zhandong Liu, Huda Y Zoghbi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Rett syndrome (RTT) is a neurological disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2), a transcriptional regulator essential for maintenance of normal neuronal function. The current FDA-approved treatment for RTT, Trofinetide, mildly alleviates some symptoms. In contrast, re-introducing MeCP2 or increasing its amount through transgenesis in mouse RTT models improves most neurological phenotypes and enhances survival. Here, we devised a therapeutic strategy to moderately increase MeCP2 protein by modulating the alternative splicing of MECP2 to switch the less efficiently translated e2 to the more efficiently translated e1 isoform. We deleted Mecp2 exon 2 (unique …

Characteristics And Incidence Of Gastric Cancer Among Patients With Autoimmune And Non-Autoimmune Atrophic Gastritis In A U.S. Population, Mimi C Tan, Kadon N Caskey, Irene Jeong-Ah Lee, Yan Liu, Juan Gomez Cifuentes, Shilpa Jain, Hashem B El-Serag

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is a risk factor for gastric neuroendocrine tumor (NET). We compared risk factors between AIG cases, non-autoimmune atrophic gastritis (NAIG) cases, and normal controls and determined the incidence of gastric malignancy, including adenocarcinoma and NET.

Methods: We included patients who underwent endoscopy with gastric biopsy between 3/2006 and 9/2021 in Harris Health (Houston, Texas). We identified AIG cases, NAIG cases (gastric atrophy or intestinal metaplasia [GIM] without autoimmune features), and normal controls (without AIG, NIAG, and GIM). A GI pathologist confirmed AIG diagnosis on histopathology report or slide. We determined risk factors of AIG compared to …

A Neural Circuit Framework For Economic Choice: From Building Blocks Of Valuation To Compositionality In Multitasking, Aldo Battista, Camillo Padoa-Schioppa, Xiao-Jing Wang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Value-guided decisions are a cornerstone of cognition, yet the underlying circuit-level mechanisms remain elusive. We used reinforcement learning to train recurrent neural network models endowed with Dale's law on a battery of economic choice tasks, which revealed a two-stage computational framework. First, value estimation occurs at the input level, where learned weights store subjective preferences and approximate the non-linear multiplication of reward magnitude and probability to yield expected values. This feedforward mechanism enables generalization to novel choice options. Second, option values are compared within the recurrent network, where specific connectivity patterns mediate robust winner-take-all decisions, with both excitatory and inhibitory …

Characteristics Of Young Children Hospitalized With Acute Respiratory Failure From Infection With Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Sars-Cov-2, Or Both, November 2023-March 2024., Regina M. Simeone, Margaret M. Newhams, Laura D. Zambrano, Jemima M. Calixte, Katherine Lindsey, Amber Orzel-Lockwood, Amanda B. Payne, Natasha B. Halasa, Satoshi Kamidani, Aline B. Maddux, Kathleen Chiotos, Hillary Crandall, Jennifer E. Schuster, Danielle M. Zerr, Lora M. Martin, Melissa A. Cameron, Katherine Irby, Shira J. Gertz, Steven L. Shein, Ryan A. Nofziger, Samina S. Bhumbra, Janet R. Hume, Michele Kong, Mia Maamari, Bria M. Coates, Judith A. Guzman-Cottrill, Mary Allen Staat, Thomas J. Connors, Matt S. Zinter, Jigar C. Chauhan, Tamara T. Bradford, Kari Wellnitz, Angela P. Campbell, Adrienne G. Randolph, Overcoming Covid-19 Investigators

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and SARS-CoV-2 can cause acute respiratory failure in children. We compared characteristics and outcomes of children aged < 2 years with respiratory failure from infection with RSV, SARS-CoV-2, or both viruses.

METHODS: We used data from a US pediatric respiratory virus hospitalization surveillance network including children with ICU admission for acute respiratory failure (receiving high-flow oxygen or mechanical ventilation) with RSV and/or SARS-CoV-2 during November 2023-March 2024. Demographic, clinical characteristics, and hospitalization outcomes were stratified by a positive test for RSV, SARS-CoV-2, or both viruses, and compared using chi-squared or Kruskal-Wallis tests. Multivariable analyses assessed independent associations between outcomes and infection.

RESULTS: Overall, 1406 children were included: 1253 (89.1%) …

Proteomic Profiling Of Pulmonary Function And Cardiovascular Disease Risk In The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities Study, Yura Lee, Astrid M Manuel, Ngoc Quynh H Nguyen, Christine Ladd-Acosta, Alanna C Morrison, Kari E North, Eric Boerwinkle, Amil M Shah, Zhongming Zhao, Stephanie J London, Bing Yu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Pulmonary function is linked to cardiovascular disease risk; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We aimed to identify protein biomarkers associated with pulmonary function and examine their impact on incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, coronary heart disease, heart failure, and all-cause mortality.

Methods: Data from White and Black Americans in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study (visit 2: N=11 354, mean age=57 years; visit 5: N=3517, mean age=75 years), a prospective cohort, were analyzed. Linear regression assessed associations between protein levels and pulmonary function measures, including forced expiratory volume in 1 second and forced vital capacity. The impact of …

Differences In Graft Rupture And Subsequent Meniscal Tears Following Adolescent Acl Reconstruction Using Quadriceps Tendon Versus Hamstrings Autograft: A Retrospective Study With Minimum 2-Year Follow-Up., Morgan E. Swanson, Christopher Defrancesco, Kevin M. Landrum, David Kell, Richa Gandhi, Sulagna Sarkar, Theodore J. Ganley, Kathleen J. Maguire

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) using quadriceps tendon (QT) autograft is associated with lower rates of graft rupture and favorable functional outcomes compared with hamstring (HS) autograft in adolescents. The ACL-deficient knee is at increased risk of injury to secondary stabilizers of the knee, including the menisci, although studies have not reported differences in rates of subsequent meniscal tear between HS and QT groups.

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to compare rates of graft rupture and subsequent meniscal tear after adolescent ACLR using HS or QT autograft.

STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

METHODS: …

Association Between Functional Status And Cardiac Function In Chronic Heart Failure: Insights From The C-Mic Ii Trial., Marat Fudim, Tamara Kovacevic-Preradovic, Marija Zdravkovic, Sasko Jovev, Nermir Granov, Tanja Popov, Igor Rudez, Petar Vukovic, Velibor Ristic, Annette Holtdirk, Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, Faouzi Kallel, Miodrag Peric, Javed Butler, Stefan D. Anker, Dragana Kosevic, J. Eduardo Rame

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: Relationship between changes in cardiac function, functional capacity, and patient-reported health status in heart failure (HF) remains incompletely defined, which may help inform endpoint selection and clarify how distinct clinical domains reflect treatment response.

METHODS: This post hoc analysis of the randomized cardiac microcurrent (C-MIC) II trial, which evaluated the efficacy and safety of C-MIC therapy in patients with chronic HF with reduced ejection fraction on optimal guideline-directed medical therapy, included 65 ambulatory patients with non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy, New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III-IV symptoms, and baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) 25-35%. Correlations between changes in Kansas …

Cognitive And Emotional Conflict Control Among Children Affected By Parental Hiv/Aids In China, Huihui Wang, Juan Liu, Danfeng Wen, Wan Zhao, Xiaoming Li Ph.D., Junfeng Zhao

Faculty Publications

Background: Children affected by parental HIV/AIDS constitute a particularly vulnerable population, often facing heightened risks in psychosocial adaptation due to family disruption, social stigma, and resource deprivation. However, the characteristics of their executive functions, particularly the core component of conflict monitoring, remain unclear.

Methods: The present study compared the performance of children affected by parental HIV/AIDS (n=32) to a control group (n=32) on a cognitive conflict and emotional conflict face-word Stroop task.

Results: The results of the cognitive Stroop task demonstrated that both groups showed better performance in congruent stimuli compared to incongruent stimuli (86.20% vs.67.30%; 568.43ms vs.586.04ms). In the …

Impediments To Transforming The Healthcare Delivery System: Shifting The Paradigm From Provider Centric To Patient Centric, Elizabeth A. Regan, Manasa Devi Chinta

Faculty Publications

Introduction: 

Stated aims for digital healthcare transformation frequently cite goals for better coordinated patient-centric systems. However, despite advances in medical science, digital technologies, health policies, and billions of dollars invested over the past 25 years, most healthcare providers are far from fully realizing the demonstrated benefits of today's digital technologies for improving patient care. Sharing information across healthcare systems remains challenging. Problems with fragmentation, quality, inequities, and rising costs of care delivery persist. A recent study of 1,026 U.S. hospital systems found that only 15.8 percent achieved a digital maturity level needed to provide digitally enabled healthcare services to better …

Exploring The Role Of Social Networks In Youth Mental Health, Nicholas Szoko, Alexander Riley, Jacquelin Rankine, Alison J Culyba

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Social network analysis (SNA) offers an innovative approach to understand youths' complex social support systems. Growing work highlights links between youths' social networks and mental health. We used SNA to examine associations between social network characteristics and psychological empowerment, depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress among youth living in areas with concentrated disadvantage. We administered egocentric social network surveys in which youth (i.e., egos) enumerated individuals in their social network (i.e., alters), answered questions about each alter, and described how alters were connected. We measured psychological empowerment and mental health symptoms with validated instruments. There were 111 youth in the analytic …

Sex-Related Differences In Clinical Profile, Management, And Outcomes Of Patients With Type A And B Acute Aortic Dissection: Observations From Irad, Elizabeth Jackson, Andreina Carbone, Sherene Shalhub, Chih-Wen Pai, Marek Ehrlich, Toru Suzuki, G Chad Hughes, Anil Bhan, Rumi Faizer, Antonio Cittadini, Alan Braverman, Eric Isselbacher, Kim Eagle, Christoph Nienaber, Eduardo Bossone

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Available data about sex differences in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD) are scant and conflicting. The aim of this study is to assess sex-related differences in clinical characteristics, presentation, diagnostic findings, management, and outcomes among patients with type A (TA-AAD) and type B AAD (TB-AAD).

METHODS: Data about 11 586 patients enrolled in the IRAD (International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection) from 1996 to 2022, were analyzed; 7819 (67.5%) experienced TA-AAD and 3867 (33.0%) TB-AAD. Men and women were compared with regard to diagnosis, treatment, and in-hospital and long-term survival.

RESULTS: One third of patients were women (TA-AAD, …

Clinical Validation Of Perfusion Imaging With Pulmonary Function Test Data Using Voronoi-Based Discretization, Jorge Cisneros, Caleb J. Herrera, Yi-Kuan Liu, Lisa V. Du, Yevgeniy Vinogradskiy, Richard Castillo, Girish Nair, Edward Castillo

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Objective.Accurate lung function assessment is essential for diagnosing and managing diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, pulmonary emboli, and lung cancer. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) provides valuable 3D functional imaging of ventilation and perfusion, but is limited by low spatial resolution, availability, additional radiation, and cost. Alternative methods, including CT-based perfusion (CT-P) and deep learning models, require large datasets to validate results that are often scarce. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) offer rapid and noninvasive global lung function measures and are clinically widely used. While ventilation correlates well with PFTs, perfusion imaging presents challenges due to complex blood flow and …

Vlx-1005, But Not Argatroban, Prevents Itam-Mediated Platelet Activation And Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia, Adriana Yamaguchi, Victoria Putzbach, Reheman Adili, Sophia Lazar, Livia Stanger, Devin Gilmore, David J. Maloney, Steven E. Mckenzie, James V. Michael, Michael Holinstat

Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research

Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an immune prothrombotic disorder characterized by the binding of platelet-activating immunoglobulin G antibodies to platelet factor 4/heparin. In platelets, this leads to cross-linking of the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-bearing receptor FcγRIIa, platelet activation, and thrombocytopenia, which in combination with extensive thrombin generation significantly increases the risk of thrombosis. Our laboratory has previously demonstrated that 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX), an oxygenase primarily expressed in platelets, plays a critical role in platelet activation through FcγRIIa. In this study, we aimed to determine the effectiveness of VLX-1005, a potent and selective inhibitor of 12-LOX, alone or in combination with argatroban, …

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder And Risk Of All-Cause And Cause-Specific Mortality: A Nationwide Population And Sibling-Controlled Cohort Study In Taiwan, Chih-Wei Hsu, Yang-Chieh Brian Chen, Liang-Jen Wang, Mu-Hong Chen, Yao-Hsu Yang, Chih-Sung Liang, Edward Chia-Cheng Lai

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Aims: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may shorten life expectancy, but evidence for Asian populations and cause-specific mortality remains limited. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between PTSD and mortality risk in an Asian population.

Methods: We used Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (2000-2022) to assemble a cohort of 28,777 individuals with incident PTSD and 115,108 age- and sex-matched unexposed individuals, plus a sibling cohort of 13,305 affected patients and 22,030 unaffected siblings. Cox models estimated adjusted hazard ratios (AHRs) for all-cause, unnatural-cause (suicide and accidents) and natural-cause mortality, with progressive adjustment for sociodemographic factors, comorbidity …

Single-Layer Spherical (Sls) Vs Single-Layer (Sl) Woven Endobridge (Web) Device In The Treatment Of Narrow-Neck Intracranial Aneurysms: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis, Hamza Adel Salim, Vivek Yedavalli, Fathi Milhem, Nimer Adeeb, Basel Musmar, Muhammed Amir Essibayi, Motaz Daraghma, Mahmoud Dibas, Nicole M. Cancelliere, Jose Danilo Bengzon Diestro, Oktay Algin, Sherief Ghozy, Sovann V. Lay, Adrien Guenego, Leonardo Renieri, Joseph Carnevale, Guillaume Saliou, Panagiotis Mastorakos, Kareem El Naamani, Eimad Shotar, Markus Möhlenbruch, Michael Kral, Charlotte Chung, Mohamed M. Salem, Ivan Lylyk, Paul M. Foreman, Hamza Shaikh, Vedran Župančić, Muhammad U. Hafeez, Joshua Catapano, Muhammad Waqas, Muhammet Arslan, Onur Ergun, James D. Rabinov, Julian Maingard, Clemens M. Schirmer, Mariangela Piano, Anna L. Kühn, Caterina Michelozzi, Robert M. Starke, Ameer Hassan, Mark Ogilvie, Anh Nguyen, Jesse Jones, Waleed Brinjikji, Marie T. Nawka, Marios Psychogios, Christian Ulfert, Bryan Pukenas, Jan-Karl Burkhardt, Thien Huynh, Juan Carlos Martinez-Gutierrez, Sunil A. Sheth, Diana Slawski, Rabih Tawk, Benjamin Pulli, Boris Lubicz, Pietro Panni, Ajit S. Puri, Guglielmo Pero, Eytan Raz, Christoph J. Griessenauer, Hamed Asadi, Adnan Siddiqui, Elad I. Levy, Neil Haranhalli, David Altschul, Andrew F. Ducruet, Felipe C. Albuquerque, Robert W. Regenhardt, Christopher J. Stapleton, Peter Kan, Vladimir Kalousek, Pedro Lylyk, Srikanth Boddu, Jared Knopman, Stavropoula I. Tjoumakaris, Hugo H. Cuellar-Saenz, Pascal M. Jabbour, Frédéric Clarençon, Nicola Limbucci, Vitor Mendes Pereira, Aman B. Patel, Max Wintermark, Adam A. Dmytriw

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Data on the use of Woven EndoBridge (WEB) devices in the treatment of narrow-neck intracranial aneurysms (NNA) are limited. We compared the efficacy and safety of single-layer (SL) and single-layer spherical (SLS) WEB devices in treating NNA. We conducted a multicenter retrospective analysis of adult patients with NNA (neck ≤ 4 mm and width-to-neck ratio ≥ 2) treated with SL or SLS WEB devices between January 2011 and December 2022. Patients with fusiform or blister aneurysms, adjunctive treatments, or devices other than SL or SLS were excluded. Propensity score matching was used to adjust for confounding variables. Outcomes included procedural …

Single Ventricle Physiology May Not Preclude Cardiac Repair In The Setting Of Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia, Kylie I Holden, Michael C Scott, Ashley H Ebanks, Amir M Khan, D Michael Mcmullan, Anthony Johnson, Charles S Cox, Matthew T Harting, Damien J Lapar

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

Objective: Management for congenital heart disease (CHD) with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), particularly in single ventricle physiology, is challenging, with limited studies showing poor outcomes. This investigation evaluated outcomes for these complex patients.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study (2007-2022) from the CDH Study Group analyzed mortality in patients with CDH and single ventricle physiology, using standard statistical methods and Cox regression for estimation.

Results: A total of 9,261 CDH patients were identified, including 1,886 with CDH + CHD and 131 with single ventricle physiology. The median gestational age was 38 weeks and birthweight was 2.8 kg. Of 131 patients, 34 …

Single-Layer Spherical (Sls) Vs Single-Layer (Sl) Woven Endobridge (Web) Device In The Treatment Of Narrow-Neck Intracranial Aneurysms: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis, Hamza Adel Salim, Vivek Yedavalli, Fathi Milhem, Nimer Adeeb, Basel Musmar, Muhammed Amir Essibayi, Motaz Daraghma, Mahmoud Dibas, Nicole M Cancelliere, Jose Danilo Bengzon Diestro, Oktay Algin, Sherief Ghozy, Sovann V Lay, Adrien Guenego, Leonardo Renieri, Joseph Carnevale, Guillaume Saliou, Panagiotis Mastorakos, Kareem El Naamani, Eimad Shotar, Markus Möhlenbruch, Michael Kral, Charlotte Chung, Mohamed M Salem, Ivan Lylyk, Paul M Foreman, Hamza Shaikh, Vedran Župančić, Muhammad U Hafeez, Joshua Catapano, Muhammad Waqas, Muhammet Arslan, Onur Ergun, James D Rabinov, Julian Maingard, Clemens M Schirmer, Mariangela Piano, Anna L Kühn, Caterina Michelozzi, Robert M Starke, Ameer Hassan, Mark Ogilvie, Anh Nguyen, Jesse Jones, Waleed Brinjikji, Marie T Nawka, Marios Psychogios, Christian Ulfert, Bryan Pukenas, Jan-Karl Burkhardt, Thien Huynh, Juan Carlos Martinez-Gutierrez, Sunil A Sheth, Diana Slawski, Rabih Tawk, Benjamin Pulli, Boris Lubicz, Pietro Panni, Ajit S Puri, Guglielmo Pero, Eytan Raz, Christoph J Griessenauer, Hamed Asadi, Adnan Siddiqui, Elad I Levy, Neil Haranhalli, David Altschul, Andrew F Ducruet, Felipe C Albuquerque, Robert W Regenhardt, Christopher J Stapleton, Peter Kan, Vladimir Kalousek, Pedro Lylyk, Srikanth Boddu, Jared Knopman, Stavropoula I Tjoumakaris, Hugo H Cuellar-Saenz, Pascal M Jabbour, Frédéric Clarençon, Nicola Limbucci, Vitor Mendes Pereira, Aman B Patel, Max Wintermark, Adam A Dmytriw

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Data on the use of Woven EndoBridge (WEB) devices in the treatment of narrow-neck intracranial aneurysms (NNA) are limited. We compared the efficacy and safety of single-layer (SL) and single-layer spherical (SLS) WEB devices in treating NNA. We conducted a multicenter retrospective analysis of adult patients with NNA (neck ≤ 4 mm and width-to-neck ratio ≥ 2) treated with SL or SLS WEB devices between January 2011 and December 2022. Patients with fusiform or blister aneurysms, adjunctive treatments, or devices other than SL or SLS were excluded. Propensity score matching was used to adjust for confounding variables. Outcomes included procedural …

Pregnancy, Cancer, And Radiation-A Modern Refresher, Kelly Kisling, Sandra M Meyers, Rebecca Milman, Susan Richardson, Christina Chapman, Justine Dupere, Grace Eliason, Suzanne Evans, Titania Juang, Young Lee, Jeffrey Masten, Julia Maues, Rachel Newman, Mike Silosky, Catherine Song, Catheryn Yashar, Sara Thrower

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cancer occurs in ∼1 per 1000 pregnancies; thousands of patients may require radiation procedures for diagnosis and treatment each year in the United States alone. This rare but high-risk scenario, coupled with fear of radiation, has created ambiguity in the ideal management of pregnant patients. Without a comprehensive guide for the use of radiation in imaging and treatment for pregnant cancer patients, it is difficult for providers to offer optimal patient-centered care without introducing disparities. The goal of this paper is to provide guidance on the use of radiation for screening, diagnosis, staging, and treatment of cancer, while highlighting gaps …

Influence Of Body Composition On The Efficacy Of Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab For Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma, Kabir Grewal, Maria Julia Moura Nascimento Santos, Pankaj Kumar Chauhan, Kai Yu, Nizar M Tannir, Sagar S Mukhida, Neha Venkatesh, Amishi Y Shah, Amado J Zurita, Andrew C Johns, Matthew T Campbell, Sangeeta Goswami, Jianjun Gao, Eric Jonasch, Jennifer L Mcquade, Omar Alhalabi, Pavlos Msaouel, Andrew W Hahn

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy (ICI) with nivolumab+ipilimumab is a first-line (1L) standard for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), yet outcomes remain heterogeneous. Increasing evidence suggests that host factors influence the tumor microenvironment and response to ICI. Although higher body mass index (BMI) has been associated with improved outcomes in several malignancies, BMI is an imprecise surrogate for underlying adipose and muscle compartments. We evaluated the association between body composition and outcomes with 1L nivolumab+ipilimumab in metastatic ccRCC.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with mccRCC treated with 1L nivolumab+ipilimumab at MD Anderson Cancer Center between June 2015 and …

Tongue Reduction For Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review., Adrian Williamson, Rohit Nallani, Jason R. Brown

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent pediatric disorder that, if untreated, can result in substantial developmental and health consequences. Tongue reduction procedures, such as midline posterior glossectomy (MPG), are increasingly used to address tongue base obstruction. This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness and safety of tongue reduction procedures for pediatric OSA.

DATA SOURCES: Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were queried for studies from inception to September 20, 2023.

REVIEW METHODS: Studies reporting on outcomes of pediatric patients (≤21 years) undergoing tongue reduction surgery for OSA were included.

RESULTS: From 477 abstracts, 9 studies met the inclusion …