Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Impact Of Travel Time To Health Facilities On Perinatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis And Meta-Analysis, Sanam Roder-Dewan, Marwa Ramadan, Paul Ouma, Alexander Manu, Emelda A. Okiro, Natalie Strobel, Bibian N. Robert, Emily Odipo, Peter M. Macharia, Anthony Danso-Appiah, David C. Goodman, Queen Dube, Gagan Gupta, Hema Magge, Karen Edmond

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Evidence-based global guidance on safe travel time for small or sick newborns who require transfer to health facilities after birth is lacking. A two-hour threshold is frequently cited in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), while 30 minutes is commonly used in high-income countries (HICs). Although these thresholds are widely referenced, their empirical basis and consistency across levels of newborn care and journey types have not been systematically examined. This study synthesises the evidence linking travel time and perinatal outcomes. Methods: We conducted a systematic review with narrative synthesis and meta-analysis to assess the impact of travel time or distance …

Quantification Of Sarm1 Nadase Activity In Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells, Lila F Dabill, Ivana R Shen, Jennifer M Brazill, Alicia Neiner, Yo Sasaki, Erica L Scheller

2020-Current year OA Pubs

SARM1 (sterile α and TIR motif-containing protein-1) is an NADase enzyme that serves as the central executioner of Wallerian axon degeneration. Given this, SARM1 is of high interest as a candidate therapeutic target, and SARM1 inhibitors are currently in clinical trials for treatment of neurodegeneration. Beyond neuroscience, emerging studies reveal that SARM1 may also drive aspects of bone fragility, liver pathology, adipose expansion, and insulin resistance in metabolic disease. However, we lack methods to quantify SARM1 activation in humans to better define patients at high risk of SARM1-mediated tissue damage. Unlike neurons, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) represent an easily …

Subclinical Neuropsychiatric Trait Variation In Parents Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cohort Study, Lindsay J Mullin, Carolyn Lasch, Natasha Marrus, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Many neuropsychiatric conditions share overlapping features underpinned by shared genetics. In this study, we examined the co-aggregation of sub-threshold variation in neuropsychiatric phenotypes in biological parents of autistic children to provide insights into the intergenerational transmission of genetic liability for autism.

METHODS: Autistic, neuropsychiatric (i.e., anxiety, depression, ADHD), and cognitive traits were characterized in biological parents of children enrolled in a longitudinal developmental study: 189 families of autistic children and 100 families with no autistic children were included. Families were further characterized as having only one (simplex) or more than one (multiplex) autistic child. Maternal and paternal traits were …

Longitudinal Changes In Cognition And Brain Imaging In Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus, James Kennedy, Sarah A Cooley, June Roman Fox, Kalen J Petersen, Elizabeth Westerhaus, Pat Reid, Linet Lopez, Beau M Ances

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: As persons with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) live longer, interactions between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), aging, and structural brain integrity become increasingly vital for understanding cognitive disorders. This study analyzed the effects of aging, HIV serostatus, and viral load on cognition and brain volumes in a large cohort of persons without HIV (PWOH), PWH with undetectable virus (PWHU) (HIV RNA ≤50 copies/mL), and PWH with detectable virus (PHWD) (HIV RNA >50 copies/mL). Cross-sectional and longitudinal data were included.

METHODS: Cognitive composites (NPZ4) and brain volumes were obtained from 259 PWOH, 264 PWHU, and 84 PWHD with a total of …

Efficacy Of Continuous Pegcetacoplan Treatment For Subfoveal Geographic Atrophy In Age-Related Macular Degeneration: 36-Month Results From Oaks, Derby, And Gale Open-Label Extension, Dilsher S. Dhoot, Sunir J. Garg, David M. Brown, Ivan J. Suñer, Ehsan Rahimy, David S. Boyer, Kineta Naidu, Chao Li, Caroline R. Baumal, Robyn H. Guymer

Wills Eye Hospital Papers

PURPOSE: To report efficacy of intravitreal pegcetacoplan treatment over 36 months in eyes with subfoveal geographic atrophy (GA).

PATIENTS AND METHODS: The GALE (NCT04770545) open-label extension trial adds 12 months of results to the 24-month Phase 3 OAKS (NCT03525613) and DERBY (NCT03525600) trials, representing up to 36 months of continuous pegcetacoplan treatment. They included a heterogeneous population of eyes with subfoveal GA (63%). Pegcetacoplan-treated eyes enrolling in GALE continued at the same interval of pegcetacoplan monthly (PM) or every other month (PEOM). Patients' eyes in sham monthly or every-other-month arms crossed over to receive pegcetacoplan in GALE at the same …

Vaccination-Related Applications And Health Care Professionals' Observed Changes In Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Hesitancy: Cross-Sectional Survey, Manali Desai, Shreela Sharma, Joel Fokom-Domgue, Robert Yu, Wenyaw Chan, Onyema G Chido-Amajuoyi, Charles Darkoh, Sanjay Shete

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Digital tools are known to promote public health interventions such as vaccine delivery. The recommendation that health care professionals (HCPs) use vaccination-related mobile apps or web-based applications has contributed to improving vaccine awareness and acceptance in the United States. The state of Texas, which has one of the lowest human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates, has seen a significant increase in HPV vaccine hesitancy, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between changes in HPV vaccine hesitancy observed by HCPs among patients in Texas and promotion of vaccination-related applications at the health care facilities …

Exploring Spike-Dependent And Ace2-Independent Sars-Cov-2 Interactions With Salivary Epithelial Cells In The Absence Of Ace2, Caitlynn M L Barrows, Thaise C Geremias, Simon Young, Mary C Farach-Carson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Salivary gland infection by SARS-CoV-2 requires viral entry via routes and mechanisms that remain unresolved. This study examined the expression of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor in salivary tissues and basal cell-derived human salivary progenitor cells (hS/PCs), an unstudied potential entry point for SARS-CoV-2. Multiple detection modalities, including immunocytochemistry, Western blotting, flow cytometry and RT-PCR, demonstrated a consistent lack of ACE2 protein and transcript in both tissue specimens and primary salivary epithelial cells. Antigen retrieval at pH 9 was determined to be optimal for immunodetection protocols, yet ACE2 remained undetectable. Small intestine tissue served as a positive control, confirming …

Cigarette And E-Cigarette Use In Greater Philadelphia: Proportion Of Use Compared To National Data And Local Predictors Of Smoking Status, Munjireen Sifat, Joshua Banks, Lilianna Phan, Kuang-Yi Wen, Julie A. Barta, Rebecca J. Melillo, Hee-Soon Juon

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

UNLABELLED: Objective tobacco use, cigarette, e-cigarette, cancer-related beliefs, perceived risk, lifestyle attribution, cancer disparities, health equity. We assessed cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use in the Greater Philadelphia region alongside national data. The objectives were to descriptively explore differences in tobacco use by sociodemographic characteristics. We also examined cancer belief associations with smoking and e-cigarette use in the local context.

METHODS: We descriptively compared cross-sectional survey data from 2744 adults in the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center (SKCCC) catchment area (Greater Philadelphia region; May-July 2022) with 6252 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 6) nationally representative respondents (United States; March-November 2022). …

Integration Of Cognitive Processing Therapy For Ptsd And Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy For Co-Occurring Alcohol Use Disorder: Design And Methodology Of A Randomized Controlled Trial, Anka A Vujanovic, Sudie E Back, Debra L Kaysen, Amber M Jarnecke, Kat Roberts, Fiorela Ruiz, Kayla E Hall, Julianne C Flanagan, Joy M Schmitz, Sonya B Norman, Lyndsey Zoller, Patricia A Resick

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The prevalent comorbidity of alcohol use disorder (AUD) with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by more severe symptomatology, greater functional impairment, increased suicide risk, and poorer treatment outcomes as compared to either disorder alone. Trauma-focused, cognitive-behavioral interventions delivered alongside interventions for substance use disorders are recommended to reduce PTSD severity and substance use. Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) for PTSD and cognitive-behavioral therapy (i.e., Relapse Prevention [RP]) for AUD are two of the most widely used and efficacious treatments for these conditions. There are few effective integrated treatments available for PTSD/AUD comorbidity. The present study addresses this critical gap …

Correction: Watts Et Al. Multi-Antigen Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus (Eehv) Mrna Vaccine Induces Humoral And Cell-Mediated Responses In Mice, Jessica R Watts, Jennifer L Spencer Clinton, Jeroen Pollet, Rongsheng Peng, Jie Tan, Paul D Ling

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The authors would like to make the following corrections to this published paper [...].

Stimulant Medications And Bone Health, Christine M Swanson, Julie H Wolfe, Chadi A Calarge

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose of review: This review summarizes the potential impact of stimulant medications on bone health, to raise awareness and optimize their safe use.

Recent findings: Stimulant medications can impair bone health through inadequate nutrient/calorie intake and stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system, which regulates bone metabolism. However, their use decreases fracture risk in younger populations ([Formula: see text]25 years old) with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), likely through reductions in impulsivity and injury. Special care may be needed when fractures occur while using these medications, as recent data suggest psychostimulants are associated with impaired fracture healing. Prescription and non-prescription use of …

Cardiac Hdac3 Disruption Contributes To Hdac Inhibitor-Induced Qt Prolongation, Jiao Lu, Christopher Ward, Sichong Qian, Lilei Zhang, Jiang Chang, Zheng Sun

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are approved for cancer treatment and are being investigated for a wide range of other diseases. Despite their therapeutic promise, clinical studies have reported cardiac side effects, particularly electrocardiogram (EKG) abnormalities, with QT interval prolongation being one of the most consistently reported findings. The mechanisms underlying these cardiac effects remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of HDAC3 in cardiac electrophysiology. We found that postnatal depletion of cardiac HDAC3 in mice caused QT interval prolongation, recapitulating the EKG abnormalities reported with HDAC inhibitor use. Adult-onset inducible depletion of cardiac HDAC3 induced additional EKG abnormalities, …

Contemporary Management Of Acute Heart Failure: From Emergency Presentation To Long-Term Remission, Jolie Bruno, Mattia Arrigo, Guillaume Baudry, Jan Biegus, Biykem Bozkurt, Kamilė Čerlinskaitė-Bajorė, Laura P Cohen, Nick Hartshorne-Evans, Shiro Ishihara, Neusa Jessen, Pieter Martens, Peder Myhre, Matteo Pagnesi, Carolyn Rosner, Novi Yanti Sari, Gianluigi Savarese, Kristoffer Grundtvig Skaarup, Aferdita Spahillari, Jozine M Ter Maaten, Heli Tolppanen, Jim L Januzzi, Alexandre Mebazaa

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Acute heart failure (AHF) represents a major global health challenge, with a substantial impact on survival, morbidity, and health care resource utilization. The clinical and economic burden associated with this condition continues to grow, highlighting the need for a timely, structured, and patient-centered approach to care. In light of the expanding body of data and evidence accumulated over recent years, it is necessary to rethink how we approach the recognition and management of AHF. This need has motivated the development of the present review, which aims to provide an updated and practical synthesis of the management of AHF-from early diagnostic …

Behavioral Science Applications In Collegiate Athlete Nutrition And Sleep: A Scoping Review, Maryam Yuhas, Katherine M. Kidwell, Olivia Moskuna, Rajib Mandal, Jessica L. Garay

Nutrition - All Scholarship

Nutrition and sleep are key health behaviors supporting athletic performance. Collegiate athletes in the United States (U.S.) are at high risk of insufficient dietary intake and nightly sleep given the competing demands of elite sports and academics. Researchers have developed interventions to improve collegiate athletes’ sleep and nutrition, either individually or collectively. However, progress in understanding how best to create sustained behavior change in this population has been slow. This may be due to the lack of application of behavioral science principles such as lack of a guiding theory, effective strategies, and consideration of implementation contexts. This scoping review takes …

Adherence To The Eat-Lancet Diet And The Risk Of Heart Failure In Individuals With Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome Stages 0–3: A Prospective Cohort Study, Peng Fu, Hong Zheng, Kuangyi Wu, Yulong Lan, Dan Wu, Weiqiang Wu, Huancong Zheng, Zefeng Cai, Yuxian Wang, Qiuyue Lin, Bo Zhang, Youren Chen

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background and objective – In 2019, the EAT-Lancet Commission on Healthy Diets from Sustainable Food Systems proposed the EAT-Lancet planetary health diet as a universal reference dietary pattern aimed at promoting human health while minimizing environmental degradation. However, epidemiological evidence regarding the association between adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and the risk of heart failure (HF), particularly among individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome (CKMs) stages 0–3, remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the associations between adherence to the EAT-Lancet dietary pattern, its individual dietary components, and the risk of HF among individuals at CKMs stages 0–3. Materials and methods …

Leveraging Multimodal Large Language Models For Fall Risk Reduction In Older Adults In The Home: Proposed Model Design, Justin Do, Vivaswat Suresh, Lily Zhang, Bharvi M. Chavre, Jeremy Cha, Robert S. Pugliese

SKMC Student Presentations and Publications

This research letter proposes a novel model design leveraging natively multimodal large language models to identify fall risks and generate visualizations of recommended home environmental modifications, aiming to improve the accessibility and impact of personalized fall prevention advice for older adults. Through a pilot rating study, this work demonstrates that multimodal large language models can generate safe and actionable advice to reduce fall risk in lived spaces of older adults, and also generate realistic edits based on original images. While this concept needs further testing and clinical comparison, it highlights a promising avenue for further innovation of fall prevention tactics.

Early Detection Of Alzheimer's Disease And Related Dementias From Spontaneous Speech Using Foundation Speech And Language Models: Comparative Evaluation, Jingyu Li, Lingchao Mao, Xi Mao, Hairong Wang, Zhendong Wang, Xuelei Sherry Ni

Economics and Finance Faculty Publications

Background: Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) are progressive neurodegenerative conditions where early detection is critical for timely intervention and care planning. However, current diagnostic methods are often inaccessible, costly, and delayed, especially for underserved populations. There is a growing need for scalable, noninvasive tools that can support timely diagnosis. Spontaneous speech contains rich acoustic and linguistic markers that can serve as noninvasive behavioral markers for cognitive decline. Foundation models, pretrained on large-scale audio or text data, generate high-dimensional embeddings that encode rich contextual and acoustic information.

Objective: This study benchmarks open-source foundation language and speech models to evaluate their …

Anatomy Of The Orbit: Radiologic And Surgical Anatomy Of Anterior And Medial Approaches, Emily Garvey, Benjamin Bitner, Mindy R. Rabinowitz

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Faculty Papers

Purpose of Review: To review relevant medial orbital anatomy as well as the most commonly used approaches to this space. Recent Findings: The use of the endoscopic endonasal approach for access to the medial orbit, including the intraconal space, has expanded allowing for removal of previously “inoperable” pathology. Summary: Each approach has their strength when considering access to the medial orbit, the transcaruncular incision allows for fast access with limited dissection while the transpalebral approach allows for visualization of the medial orbit but also extended access to the superior and lateral orbit. Conversely, the conjunctival approach allows for wider access …

Influence Of Semantic Richness On Word Form Learning In Children With Developmental Language Disorder, Mckenzie Scoppa, Sara Benham, Allison Gladfelter, Amanda Steeb, Lisa Goffman

CISLL Publications

Purpose:

Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) show a word form learning deficit, characterized by inaccurate and variable productions of novel words. We investigated whether, when a novel word form is introduced, incremental exposure to either a sparse visual referent or a relatively semantically rich story influences the phonetic accuracy and the phonological and articulatory variability of production in children with DLD and their typically developing (TD) peers.

Method:

Thirty-six preschoolers (18 DLD, 18 TD) aged 4;1–5;11 (years;months) were exposed to six novel words, two in each of three semantic cue conditions: no cues, sparse cues (visual referent), and rich …

Phosphate-Mediated Regulation Of Intracellular Calcium Dynamics, Huma Shahzad, Mohammed S. Razzaque

School of Medicine Publications

Phosphate (Pi) and calcium (Ca2+) are essential mineral ions that play coordinated roles in maintaining normal cellular functions. While various steps of calcium signaling are well characterized, emerging evidence suggests the critical role of both intracellular and extra cellular phosphate in regulating intracellular Ca2+. In the cytoplasm, phosphate influences ATP production and organelle calcium buffering and influences the activity of calcium pumps, such as sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) and the plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA). Extracellular phosphate, taken up via sodium-dependent phosphate transporters, triggers signaling cascades that affect the processes of calcium influx, storage, and release. Additionally, high extracellular phosphate levels …

A Survey Of Health Professions Learners’ Attitudes Towards Social Media In Medical Education: A Substance Use Disorders Education Case Study, Gregory A. Jaffe, Sarah Lawson, William Leach, Mallika Kodavatiganti, Erin Avanzato, Katherine Fesperman, Heather Klusaritz

Department of Family & Community Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Social media is a ubiquitous part of the modern world and plays a key role in the dissemination of information. While utilizing social media for educational purposes has been repeatedly demonstrated as feasible, it has been underutilized in medical education and remains a critical opportunity to integrate microlearning and stigma reduction curricula.

METHODS: A cross-sectional survey on social media usage, attitudes, and beliefs was sent to medical and nursing students at two large academic institutions within Philadelphia. Descriptive statistics are reported, and non-parametric tests were utilized for exploratory analyses.

RESULTS: Health learners were low consumers of social media, reporting …

A Tactile Trans-Flexor Carpi Radialis Surface Landmark Technique For Median Nerve Local Injection: A Cadaveric Study, Clark Chen, Keenan Sobol, Connor Hickey, Duncan Vannest, John Ibrahim, James Raphael

Einstein Health Papers

PURPOSE: Median nerve (MN) block under local anesthesia at the wrist is commonly performed but can be limited by anatomic variation, particularly absence of the palmaris longus tendon. This study investigates a novel trans-flexor carpi radialis (trans-FCR) technique for MN anesthesia that uses the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) tendon as a consistent surface landmark.

METHODS: Fourteen fresh frozen upper extremity cadaver specimens were used. A 25-gauge needle was inserted through the FCR sheath approximately 4 cm proximal to the wrist crease in a transverse fashion, angled approximately 0° to the vertical and parallel to the wrist crease. The trans-FCR technique …

Assessment And Mitigation Of Covid-19 Occupational Hazards Among Small Businesses In A High-Risk Community, Sadie H Conway, Denise Vasquez, Soyoung Kwon, Kristina D Mena, Louis D Brown, Janelle Rios

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose –: This project explored COVID-19 workplace hazards and factors influencing the implementation of risk mitigation approaches among small businesses in a high-risk community.

Design/methodology/approach –: Using a novel framework, data were collected from 90 workplaces through site visits and consultations with at least one owner, manager or supervisor ("employer") and at least one non-managerial staff member ("employee"). A risk assessment and mitigation plan were prepared based on site-specific hazards; later, a follow-up visit assessed whether recommendations had been implemented and factors influencing these decisions.

Findings –: A total of 84 businesses (93.3%) implemented at least one recommendation, citing ease …

Obesity Rise Plateaus In Developed Nations And Accelerates In Developing Nations, Ncdrf Collaboration, Bin Zhou, Nowell H. Phelps, Agnese Galeazzi, Olivia N. O’Driscoll, James E. Bennett, Lakshya Jain, Ysé D’Ailhaud De Brisis, Gladys E. Maestre, Jesus D. Melgarejo

School of Medicine Publications

Global reporting of obesity is commonly based on comparisons over multiple decades1 and lacks a granular and systematic analysis of its dynamics. We used 4,050 population-based studies with measured height and weight data on 232 million participants to assess the worldwide dynamics of obesity from 1980 to 2024. The rise in obesity decelerated in school-aged children and adolescents throughout the 1990s in many high-income countries, and subsequently plateaued in most at age-standardized prevalences spanning 20 percentage points, from 3–4% for girls in Japan, Denmark and France to 23% for boys in the USA. There were indications of a small …

Wnt-Dependent Ontogeny Of Acellular Cementum-Forming Cementoblasts On The Tooth Root Surface, Taishi Komori, Mizuki Nagata, Natnicha Praneetpong, Hanwen Fan, Yuxiao Zhou, Noriaki Ono, Wanida Ono

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cementum is a specialized mineralized tissue that covers the tooth root surface and anchors the tooth to the surrounding periodontal ligament. The cervical acellular cementum (AC) is indispensable for periodontal attachment and represents a key target for periodontal regenerative therapies. However, the developmental origin and molecular identity of AC-forming cementoblasts remain poorly understood. Here, through an integrated spatial and single-cell transcriptomic analysis, we identify AC-forming cementoblasts as a distinct population of noncanonical mineralizing cells enriched for cell-matrix organization and Wnt signaling signatures, distinguishing them from cellular cementum-forming cementoblasts localized in the apical portion. Lineage tracing using a Wnt inhibitory factor …

Selective And Differential Roles Of Pvhcrh Neurotransmitters In Diet-Induced Obesity In Mice, Zhiying Jiang, Yuhan Cao, Michelle He, Cunjin Su, Runzhou Yang, Maojie Yang, Jing Cai, Hongli Li, Yuanzhong Xu, Shi-Bin Li, Hiroshi Yamaguchi, Luis De Lecea, Benjamin R Arenkiel, Qingchun Tong

The Brown Foundation: Institute of Molecular Medicine

Stress and diet are known to synergistically promote risks of obesity but the underlying neural basis remains elusive. Corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the paraventricular hypothalamus (PVHCRH) are stress responsive and release both CRH and glutamate. Here we generated a mouse model with gain or loss of release in CRH or glutamate from PVHCRH neurons. While these models showed no changes in body weight when fed chow, they exhibited contrasting effects when fed high-fat high-caloric diets (HFD). Whereas disrupting glutamate release from PVHCRH neurons led to diet-induced obesity (DIO), that of CRH caused no impact. Conversely, augmented CRH release led to …

Robust Magnetoelectric Backscatter Communication System For Bioelectronic Implants, Fatima Alrashdan, Joshua E Woods, Ellie C Chen, Wendy Tan, Zhanghao Yu, Wei Wang, Mathews John, Lukas Jaworski, Drew Bernard, Allison Post, Angel Moctezuma-Ramirez, Abdelmotagaly Elgalad, Kaiyuan Yang, Mehdi Razavi, Jacob T Robinson

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Wireless communication technologies for bioelectronic implants enable remote monitoring for diagnosis and adaptive therapeutic intervention without the constraints of wired connections. However, wireless data uplink from millimeter-scale devices deep in the body struggles to achieve low power consumption while maintaining large misalignment tolerances. Here, we report a passive wireless backscatter communication system based on magnetoelectric transducers that consumes less than 0.3 pJ/bit and achieves less than 1E-6 bit error rate at a distance of 55 mm while tolerating a misalignment of 10 mm. Using this robust data uplink, we designed a wireless cardiac sensing node that can transmit electrocardiogram signals …

Implementation And Effectiveness Of An Enhanced Recovery Protocol For Children Undergoing Surgery: The Enrich-Us Stepped-Wedge Cluster-Randomized Trial, Mehul V Raval, Yao Tian, Willemijn Schäfer, Salva N Balbale, Mallory N Perez, Martha-Conley E Ingram, Alison Lehane, Charesa J Smith, Gwyneth A Sullivan, Audra J Reiter, Andrew Hu, Johanna M Borst, Sarah C Blake, Sharron Close, Teaniese L Davis, Bonnie S Essner, Kurt F Heiss, Lynn W Huang, Erin Wymore, Deysi Paniagua-Perez, Kirsty M Engelhardt, Peter M Graffy, Julie K Johnson, Craig W Lillehei, Brian W Gray, Seth D Goldstein, Scott S Short, Samir R Pandya, Janice A Taylor, Christopher Gayer, Adam B Goldin, Matthew M Boelig, Kristy L Rialon, Tim Jancelewicz, Aaron M Lipskar, Mubeen Jafri, Elisabeth T Tracy, Matthew T Harting, Jason P Sulkowski, P Benson Ham, Kaveh Vali, Robert A Cina, David T Schindel, Saleem Islam, Erin A Teeple, Sohail R Shah, Ankush Gosain, David H Rothstein, Megan A Brockel, Jillian Chown, Jane L Holl

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: Despite evidence that enhanced recovery protocols (ERPs) improve outcomes in adults undergoing surgery, adoption for pediatric populations has lagged.

Objective: To assess the implementation and clinical effectiveness of a consensus-based ERP for pediatric patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal (GI) surgery.

Design, setting, and participants: A prospective type 2 hybrid implementation-effectiveness, stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized by entry date into implementation phase, trial of pediatrics patients, 10 to 18 years of age, undergoing elective GI surgery at 18 US sites from September 2019 to June 2024.

Interventions: Sites were randomized into 3 groups, each spending at least 9 months in a control phase, with …

A Lifecycle Governance And Learning Health System Framework For Trustworthy, Generalizable, And Sustainable Human-Ai Partnership In Clinical Practice: Lessons From The Asthma-Guidance And Prediction System (A-Gps), Chung-Il Wi, Shauna Overgaard, Momin Malik, Dave Watson, Deepak Sharma, Jennifer Le-Rademacher, Dan Kelleher, Lu Zheng, Joshua Ohde, Brian Lynch, Ashwani Khurana, Sunghwan Sohn, Mahmoud M Aljuhani, Chris Carpenter, Manuel Arteta, Jason Greenwood, Martha Hartz, Randy Foss, Elif Polat, Imad Absah, Carla Davis, Meera Gupta, Lynnea Myers, Björn Nordlund, Cui Tao, Mark L Wieland, Christi Patten, Amie Jones, Prathibha Varkey, Brenna T Loufek, David E Vidal, Nari Gopala, Eric Klee, Vijay H Shah, John D Halamka, Matthew R Callstrom, Nicholas L Rider, Hongfang Liu, Constantin Aliferis, Vesna D Garovic, Young J Juhn

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into clinical decision support (CDS) holds promise for proactive, personalized, and precision care. However, current understanding of how to establish trustworthy human-AI partnerships is in its infancy, despite its critical importance for implementing AI in healthcare. We present the Asthma-Guidance and Prediction System (A-GPS) as a case study of a practice-integrated AI platform that demonstrates how trustworthy, generalizable and sustainable AI can be developed, evaluated, and implemented in real-world asthma care. We describe major challenges and solutions based on our real-world experience during the process and offer the practical framework, approaches, tools and workflow …

Hierarchical Small Molecule Inhibition Of Myst Acetyltransferases, Xuemin Chen, Alexandra Castroverde, Minervo Perez, Ronald Holewinski, Kiall F Suazo, Rashmi Karki, Thorkell Andresson, Benjamin A Garcia, Jordan L Meier

2020-Current year OA Pubs

MYST lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) are a class of epigenetic enzymes critical for cellular function that constitute an emerging therapeutic target in cancer. Recently, several drug-like MYST inhibitors have been reported that show promise in preclinical models as well as in clinical trials of breast cancer. Understanding the specificity of these molecules is critical for their effective use as chemical probes. Here we apply an integrated profiling strategy to systematically define the potency and selectivity of drug-like MYST KAT inhibitors. First, we use optimized chemoproteomic profiling and histone acetylation biormarkers to study the industry-developed KAT inhibitor PF-9363. This reveals dose-dependent engagement …