Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Individual Prediction In Prostate Cancer Studies Using A Joint Longitudinal-Survival-Cure Model, Menggang Yu, Jeremy Taylor, Howard M. Sandler

The University of Michigan Department of Biostatistics Working Paper Series

For monitoring patients treated for prostate cancer, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) is measured periodically after they receive treatment. Increases in PSA are suggestive of recurrence of the cancer and are used in making decisions about possible new treatments. The data from studies of such patients typically consist of longitudinal PSA measurements, censored event times and baseline covariates. Methods for the combined analysis of both longitudinal and survival data have been developed in recent years, with the main emphasis being on modeling and estimation. We analyze data from a prostate cancer study that has been extended by adding a mixture structure …

Capping Protein Binding To Actin In Yeast: Biochemical Mechanism And Physiological Relevance, Kyoungtae Kim, Atsuko Yamashita, Martin A. Wear, Yuichiro Maéda, John A. Cooper

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Single-Payer National Health Insurance: Physicians' Views, Danny Mccormick, David U. Himmelstein, Stephanie Woolhandler, David H. Bor

Publications and Research

Background
Forty-one million Americans have no health insurance and, despite the growth of managed care, medical costs are again increasing rapidly. One proposed solution is a single-payer health care financing system with universal coverage. Yet, physicians' views of such a system have not been well studied.

Methods
We surveyed a random sample of physicians (from the American Medical Association Masterfile) in Massachusetts, regarding their views on a single-payer health care financing system and other financing and physician work-life issues that such a system might affect.

Results
Of 1787 physicians, 904 (50.6%) responded to our survey. When asked which structure would …

Muc4 Mucin Expression In Human Pancreatic Tumours Is Affected By Organ Environment: The Possible Role Of Tgfbeta2., A. Choudhury, N. Moniaux, A. B. Ulrich, B. M. Schmied, J. Standop, Parviz M. Pour, S. J. Gendler, Michael A. Hollingsworth, J-P Aubert, Surinder K. Batra

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

MUC4 is highly expressed in human pancreatic tumours and pancreatic tumour cell lines, but is minimally or not expressed in normal pancreas or chronic pancreatitis. Here, we investigated the aberrant regulation of MUC4 expression in vivo using clonal human pancreatic tumour cells (CD18/HPAF) grown either orthotopically in the pancreas (OT) or ectopically in subcutaneous tissue (SC) in the nude mice. Histological examination of the OT and SC tumours showed moderately differentiated and anaplastic morphology, respectively. The OT tumour cells showed metastases to distant lymph nodes and faster tumour growth (P

Hedonic Capacity, Cigarette Craving, And Diminished Positive Mood, Jessica Werth Cook, Bonnie Spring, Dennis E. Mcchargue, Donald Hedecker

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Cigarette craving has been linked to elevated negative and positive moods, but a connection to deficient positive affect has not been studied. We tested whether a low hedonic capacity predicts a heightened urge to smoke after acute nicotine deprivation, and whether such an effect is mediated by decreased positive mood or increased negative mood. A total of 35 smokers characterized for individual differences in hedonic capacity were deprived of nicotine for 48 hr. Using mixed-effects regression modeling, we found that lower hedonic capacity predicted greater increases in craving 24 hr after nicotine withdrawal, t(29)=-22.33, p=-.03. The effect of hedonic capacity …

Ada News - 02/02/2004, American Dental Association, Publishing Division

ADA News

Established in 1970 as the official newspaper of the American Dental Association, the ADA News serves practicing dentists and others allied to the dental profession in the U.S. and internationally. It is the No. 1 source of news and information about the many benefits and services the ADA delivers to members daily as well as timely information on scientific, social, political and economic developments affecting dentistry and health care.

Signaling Switches And Bistability Arising From Multisite Phosphorylation In Protein Kinase Cascades., Nick I Markevich, Jan B. Hoek, Boris N. Kholodenko

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades can operate as bistable switches residing in either of two different stable states. MAPK cascades are often embedded in positive feedback loops, which are considered to be a prerequisite for bistable behavior. Here we demonstrate that in the absence of any imposed feedback regulation, bistability and hysteresis can arise solely from a distributive kinetic mechanism of the two-site MAPK phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. Importantly, the reported kinetic properties of the kinase (MEK) and phosphatase (MKP3) of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) fulfill the essential requirements for generating a bistable switch at a single MAPK cascade level. Likewise, …

The Prevalence And Treatment Of Pain Among Rural Medicaid Beneficiaries With Disabilities, Craig Ravesloot Ph.D., University Of Montana Rural Institute

Health and Wellness

Pain has an enormous impact on the lives of many people with disabilities. Recent research suggests that nearly 80% of people whose primary disability is not a pain disorder are still limited by pain as a secondary condition. As many as half of those people report that their pain is ongoing, intractable and limiting (Ehde, Jensen, Engel, Turner, Hoffman & Cardenas, 2003). Our research suggests strong associations between an individual’s pain and his or her quality of life, depression and the number of hours worked.

Pain As A Secondary Condition Experienced Byrural Medicaid Beneficiaries With Disabilities, Craig Ravesloot Ph.D., University Of Montana Rural Institute

Health and Wellness

Secondary conditions are disability-related problems that further limit a person’s ability to engage in daily activities. People who live independently in the community and who have mobility impairments consistently report being limited by 14 secondary conditions annually.

Living Well With A Disability: An Update, Tom Seekins Ph.D., University Of Montana Rural Institute

Health and Wellness

As many as one of every five Americans has a disability or chronic health condition. In rural areas, that proportion (23%) is even higher. As the U.S. population ages, the numbers of people with disability and chronic conditions will predictably increase, which accounts for a growing national interest in the health and wellness of individuals with disabilities. While composing about 20% of the population, individuals with disabilities account for nearly half of all medical expenditures.

Accurate Identification Of Adverse Outcomes After Cervical Spine Surgery, Charles C. Edwards Ii, Yekaterina Karpitskaya, Chuck Cha, John G. Heller, Carl Lauryssen, S. Timothy Yoon, K. Daniel Riew

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Technology In Nursing Education, Cheryl Delgado

Nursing Faculty Publications

Before writing this article, a computerized literature search was clone using online library services, articles were printed from e-journals. and a word-processing program was accessed on a lap-top personal computer. Such use of technology is well established and pervasive in higher education. It is so common as to be often transparent. For the past 30 years. the world has been host to a phenomenon the RAND organization calls the "information revolution." The United States has been a leader in developing and absorbing the new technologies into the patterns of everyday life. Most Americans. if they think about it at all. …

Ethics And The 21st Century University, Judith Bailey

Center for the Study of Ethics in Society Papers

Papers presented for the Center of the Study of Ethics in Society Western Michigan University

Spontaneous Recovery From Depression In Women: A Qualitative Study Of Vulnerabilities, Strengths And Resources, S Naeem, Badar Sabir Ali, A Iqbal, S Mubeen, A Gul

Department of Psychiatry

Objective: To gain insight into the perceived vulnerability and restitution factors for anxiety/or depression.Methods: Focus group discussion of seven married women recovered spontaneously from anxiety and/or depression, belonging to a lower middle class semi-urban community of Karachi.Results: Poverty, unemployment, abuse and on going difficulties were perceived as risk factors for depression. A reliable social support system, positive thinking approach, faith, prayers, and experiencing a "turning point" event were reported as factors that promoted recovery from anxiety and/or depression.CONCLUSION: Individual vulnerabilities, strengths and resources can have an important role in recovery from anxiety and/or depression in women.

Phylogenetic Analyses Of Texas Isolates Indicate An Evolving Subtype Of The Clade B Feline Immunodeficiency Viruses, Eric A. Weaver, Ellen W. Collisson, Margaret Slater, Guan Zhu

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Rigorous phylogenetic analyses were used to compare the nucleotide sequences of feline immunodeficiency virus strains isolated from Texas and throughout the world. The envelope V3-V4 sequences and capsid gene of the Texas isolates formed a cluster between subtypes B and E. Statistical comparisons with other published sequences confirmed that the Texas group is a unique cluster, possibly a new subtype, arising from subtype B.

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) was initially isolated in 1987 from a cat in California with severe immunodeficiency and has been recognized as a common worldwide feline pathogen (11, 14, 19, 20, 33). FIV-infected cats exhibit a …

Rye, Dottie Interview For The Miami Valley College Of Nursing And Health Oral History Project, Carol Holdcraft, Dorothea S. Rye

Wright State University - Miami Valley College of Nursing and Health Oral History Project

Carol Holdcraft interviewed Dottie Rye about the founding of the Wright State University College of Nursing and Health. In the interview Ms. Rye discusses her career and her involvement with the Wright State University College of Nursing and Health.

Rural Kentucky’S Physician Shortage: Strategies For Producing, Recruiting And Retaining Primary Care Providers Within A Medically Underserved Region, Baretta R. Casey, Judy Jones, David A. Gross, Lola Dixon

Center of Excellence in Rural Health Reports

Examines the inadequate supply of doctors in outlying regions of the Commonwealth. Through literature review, data analysis, personal interviews and other research methods, the UK Center for Excellence in Rural Health-Hazard study concluded that Kentucky needs an additional 600 primary care physicians in order to adequately meet the health care needs of its residents. The findings appear in the October 2005 Journal of the Kentucky Medical Association.

The Frank J. Manning Certificate In Gerontology Alumni Survey: 21 Years Of Service To Elders, Nina M. Silverstein, Jenai Murtha, Donna Sullivan, May Jawad

Gerontology Institute Publications

The Certificate Program in Gerontology at the University of Massachusetts Boston, a large urban university, was established in 1979 as part of an Administration on Aging (AoA) grant to develop and expand services to the elderly citizens of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. In 1984, a line item was added to the state budget by the legislature and governor establishing the Gerontology Institute at the University of Massachusetts Boston and ensuring the continuation of training, research, and policy and advocacy work on behalf of and with Massachusetts’ elders (O’Brien, 1996). Upon Frank J. Manning’s death in 1986, the program was renamed …

Serotonin Transporter And Gaba(A) Alpha 6 Receptor Variants Are Associated With Neuroticism, Srijan Sen, Sandra Villafuerte, Randolph Nesse, Scott F. Stoltenberg, Jeffrey Hopcian, Lillian Gleiberman, Alan Weder, Margit Burmeister, University Of Michigan - Ann Arbor

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Background: A tendency to experience negative affect, as measured by the neuroticism component of the Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness Personality Inventory (NEO-PI), is a trait marker for major depression. Epidemiologic studies indicate a strong genetic component, but to date few specific genetic variants have been definitively implicated. A serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) has been extensively studied in neuroticism and several psychiatric disorders, with inconclusive results. A GABA(A) receptor α6 subunit variant (Pro385Ser) has been associated with alcohol-related traits but has not been studied in neuroticism or depression.
Methods: A total of 384 subjects who completed the NEO-PI were genotyped …

Consumer Perspectives On Quality In Adult Day Care, Amy Leventhal Stern, Francis G. Caro

Gerontology Institute Publications

Purpose: The purpose of this project was to gain insight into the quality of care and services provided through adult day care from the user’s perspective. Design and Methods: The project utilized 13 focus groups to explore aspects associated with user needs, preferences, and satisfaction with adult day care centers. Results: Focus group participants described aspects of adult day care that are important in delivering quality care, program features that are effective, and key areas in need of improvement. Ensuring the safety of clients; having caring, friendly, and compassionate staff available to provide one-on-one attention; engaging clients in stimulating activities; …

Botulinum Toxin And Other New Approaches To Migraine Therapy, Avi Ashkenazi, Stephen Silberstein

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

The number of migraine treatments and our understanding of migraine pathophysiology are both increasing. Newer treatments are focusing on migraine prevention. Botulinum toxin (BTX) is a potent neurotoxin that has been used primarily for diseases associated with increased muscle activity. Recently the toxin was found to have antinociceptive effects that are probably independent of its muscle-relaxant action. Recent clinical trials support the efficacy of BTX type-A (and possibly also type-B) in the treatment of migraine. The anticonvulsant topiramate was recently shown to be effective for migraine prevention. With the low doses used for this indication, cognitive side effects are less …

Q-Probes Study Of Replicate Specimens At The Clinical Laboratory, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, L Ali, I Siddiqui

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective: The aim of this Q-probes study was to evaluate the precision of replicate specimens.Methods: This Q-probes study done at the Clinical Laboratory, The Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi is about routine chemistry analytes because of their importance in critical care patients. The analytes data was collected for six months from April to September 2002. There were total 358 samples, which were given for reanalysis during this period under the constant working conditions. After analysis, results of both the runs on different days, were compared to determine the percent difference between the results. After calculating the percent difference, the results …

Measuring And Improving Health Care Quality: Nursing's Contribution To The State Of Science, Doris C. Vahey, Beth Ann Swan, Norma M. Lang, Pamela H. Mitchell

College of Nursing Faculty Papers & Presentations

Concern over the quality of health care is a recurring topic in the United States. A “state of the science” invitational conference on quality health care, titled “Measuring and Improving Health Care Quality, Towards Meaningful Solutions To Pressing Problems, Nursing’s Contribution to the State of the Science” was held April 18–20, 2002 in Philadelphia at the Annenberg Center for Public Policy, University of Pennsylvania. This conference stemmed from the work of the American Academy of Nursing (AAN) Expert Panel on Quality Health Care and had its genesis in June 1996 during the AAN Expert Panel on Quality’s Conference titled, “Outcome …

Prognostic Indicators In Patients With Intracranial Tuberculoma: A Review Of 102 Cases, Mohammad Wasay, M. K. Moolani, J. Zaheer, Bhojo A. Khealani, R. A. Smego, A. R. Sarwari

Department of Medicine

Objective:

To see the characteristics, course and outcome of patients suffering from intracranial tuberculoma.

Methods:

Retrospective review of 102 patients diagnosed as intracranial tuberculoma at a tertiary care center over 10 years.

Results:

A total of 102 cases were seen with an age range of 1 to 75 years (mean, 30 years). Predisposing factors included Diabetes mellitus (8 patients) and pregnancy or puerperium (7 patients). Five pediatric patients had tuberculoma despite documented BCG vaccination. Fever (59%), headache (57%), meningeal irritation (36%) were the commonest presenting features; one-third of patients were drowsy or comatosed at presentation. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis was performed …

Banti's Syndrome: Case Report And Review Of Literature, S. N. Waqar, S. Jindhani, N. S. . Baig, M. A. Waqar, Faisal Wasim Ismail, Muhammad Tariq

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Return To El Calaboz. Interview By James E Mattson, Eloisa G. Tamez, James E. Mattson

School of Nursing Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Understanding Mental Health Needs Of Southeast Asian Refugees: Historical, Cultural, And Contextual Challenges, Eugenia Hsu, Corrie A. Davies, David J. Hansen

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Research and clinical information pertaining to mental health needs of Asians residing in the United States is limited but growing. There is a tendency to group all persons of Asian descent together and, therefore, the empirical literature does not sufficiently address the mental health needs in specific subgroups. The focus of this article is to understand the mental health needs of one subgroup of Asians-Southeast Asian refugees (SEAR). The main purpose is to review the relevant literature pertaining to Southeast Asian refugees’ experiences and to understand the manifestation of psychiatric disorders by examining historical, cultural, and contextual challenges. Despite the …

Incorporating Death Into Health-Related Variables In Longitudinal Studies, Paula Diehr, Laura Lee Johnson, Donald L. Patrick, Bruce Psaty

UW Biostatistics Working Paper Series

Background: The aging process can be described as the change in health-related variables over time. Unfortunately, simple graphs of available data may be misleading if some people die, since they may confuse patterns of mortality with patterns of change in health. Methods have been proposed to incorporate death into self-rated health (excellent to poor) and the SF-36 profile scores, but not for other variables.

Objectives: (1) To incorporate death into the following variables: ADLs, IADLs, mini-mental state examination, depressive symptoms, body mass index (BMI), blocks walked per week, bed days, hospitalization, systolic blood pressure, and the timed walk. (2) To …

Divergence In Non-Cognate Amino Acid Recognition Between Class I And Class Ii Lysyl-Trna Synthetases, Jeffrey D. Levengood, Sandro F. Ataide, Hervé Roy, Michael Ibba

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Lysine insertion during coded protein synthesis requires lysyl-tRNA^Lys, which is synthesized by lysyl-tRNA synthetase (LysRS). Two unrelated forms of LysRS are known: LysRS2, which is found in eukaryotes, most bacteria, and a few archaea, and LysRS1, which is found in most archaea and a few bacteria. To compare amino acid recognition between the two forms of LysRS, the effects of l-lysine analogues on aminoacylation were investigated. Both enzymes showed stereospecificity toward the l-enantiomer of lysine and discriminated against noncognate amino acids with different R-groups (arginine, ornithine). Lysine analogues containing substitutions at other positions were generally most effective as …

Somatotopic Representation Of Action Words In Human Motor And Premotor Cortex, Olaf Hauk, Ingrid Johnsrude, Friedemann Pulvermüller

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Since the early days of research into language and the brain, word meaning was assumed to be processed in specific brain regions, which most modern neuroscientists localize to the left temporal lobe. Here we use event-related fMRI to show that action words referring to face, arm, or leg actions (e.g., to lick, pick, or kick), when presented in a passive reading task, differentially activated areas along the motor strip that either were directly adjacent to or overlapped with areas activated by actual movement of the tongue, fingers, or feet. These results demonstrate that the referential meaning of action words has …