Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Sex-Related Measurement Bias In Autism Spectrum Disorder Symptoms In The Baby Siblings Research Consortium, Catherine A Burrows, Natasha Marrus, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Disparities exist in age of diagnosis and prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) for female compared with male children. Correcting for sources of bias is critical for improving equitable ASD identification.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether sex differences exist in measurement of ASD symptoms using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) among young children at high familial likelihood (HFL) and low familial likelihood (LFL) of ASD.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study collected longitudinal, prospective data from the Baby Siblings Research Consortium between January 1, 2003, and December 31, 2021. Participants included 3106 children who had an older sibling …

Disruption Of The Cerebrospinal Fluid-Plasma Protein Balance In Cognitive Impairment And Aging, Amelia Farinas, Daniel Western, Jigyasha Timsina, Carlos Cruchaga, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The brain barrier system, including the choroid plexus, meninges and brain vasculature, regulates substrate transport and maintains differential protein concentrations between blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Aging and neurodegeneration disrupt brain barrier function, but proteomic studies of the effects on blood-CSF protein balance are limited. Here we used SomaScan proteomics to characterize paired CSF and plasma samples from 2,171 healthy or cognitively impaired older individuals from multiple cohorts, including the Global Neurodegeneration Proteomics Consortium. We identified proteins with correlated CSF and plasma levels that are produced primarily outside the brain and are enriched for structural domains that may enable their …

Implementation Outcomes Of A Patient Decision-Aid In A Diverse Population With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus In 15 Us Rheumatology Clinics, Jasvinder A Singh, Seth Eisen, Alfred Kim, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the clinical outcomes during the implementation of a self-administered patient decision-aid (PtDA) for lupus.

METHODS: We provided an effective computerized lupus PtDA in 15 rheumatology outpatient clinics 2019-2024 (including the COVID pandemic). We undertook Organizational Readiness to Implement Change Surveys (ORICs) and Team Learning and Psychological Safety Surveys (TLPSSs) at baseline. The primary study outcome objective measure, percent penetration/reach, was defined as the number of patients who viewed the lupus PtDA at the end of the study, divided by the total number of eligible patients (times 100). We used validated clinical …

Echollm: Extracting Echocardiogram Entities With Light-Weight, Open-Source Large Language Models, Jonathan Chi, Yazan Rouphail, Ethan Hillis, Ningning Ma, An Nguyen, Jane Wang, Mackenzie Hofford, Aditi Gupta, Patrick G Lyons, Adam Wilcox, Albert M Lai, Philip R O Payne, Marin H Kollef, Caitlin Dreisbach, Andrew P Michelson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated high levels of performance in clinical information extraction compared to rule-based systems and traditional machine-learning approaches, offering scalability, contextualization, and easier deployment. However, most studies rely on proprietary models with privacy concerns and high costs, limiting accessibility. We aim to evaluate 14 publicly available open-source LLMs for extracting clinically relevant findings from free-text echocardiogram reports and examine the feasibility of their implementation in information extraction workflows.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used 14 open-source LLM models to extract clinically relevant entities from echocardiogram reports (

RESULTS: In aggregate, Gemma2:9b-instruct had the highest precision, recall, …

Tau Pet Positivity In Individuals With And Without Cognitive Impairment Varies With Age, Amyloid-Β Status, Apoe Genotype And Sex, Rik Ossenkoppele, Tammy L S Benzinger, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Tau positron emission tomography (PET) imaging allows in vivo detection of tau proteinopathy in Alzheimer's disease, which is associated with neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Understanding how demographic, clinical and genetic factors relate to tau PET positivity will facilitate its use for clinical practice and research. Here we conducted an analysis of 42 cohorts worldwide (N = 12,048), including 7,394 cognitively unimpaired (CU) participants, 2,177 participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 2,477 participants with dementia. We found that from age 60 years to 80 years, tau PET positivity in a temporal composite region increased from 1.1% to 4.4% among CU …

Do Risk Factors For Hcc Impact The Association Of Ct/Mri Lirads Major Features With Hcc? An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis, Robert G Adamo, Daniel R Ludwig, Tyler J Fraum, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Clostridioides (Clostridium) Difficile In Children And Adolescents In The Community In Cambodia, Lengsea Eng, Paul Turner, Kefyalew Addis Alene, Deirdre A. Collins, Su Chen Lim, Pisey Tan, Sona Soeng, Dylorng Hun, Sotera Yohn, Sarim Vong, Archie C.A. Clements, Thomas V. Riley

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile transmission between community and healthcare settings has been increasingly reported. We aimed to identify the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of C. difficile colonising adolescents and non-hospitalised children in Cambodia. Methods: Stool samples were collected from 266 students at the University of Health Sciences (UHS) in Phnom Penh, between July and August 2022, and 246 children ≥1 year old visiting the outpatient department (OPD) at Angkor Hospital for Children in Siem Reap, between January and August 2022. C. difficile culture, toxin gene detection and PCR ribotyping were performed. Results: Overall, C. difficile was recovered from 07/266 specimens …

Enhancing Person-Centred Care In The Final Years Of Life: Insights From Emergency Department Visits And Hospitalisations In Victorian Residential Aged Care (2015/16 To 2022/23), Janine J. Alan, Bridget Laging, Peter Cameron, Rohan Laging, James Boyd, Davina Porock, Sean Randall

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objective: To explore emergency hospitalisations from Victorian residential aged care facilities (RACFs). Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of Victorian RACFs transfers to ED from 2015/16 to 2022/23. Main outcome measures: (1) ED event rate per 100 RACF beds; (2) Number of ED events, day/time, triage category, reason, comorbidity profile, length of stay, death within 12 months of ED presentation and costs; (3) Relationship between resident characteristics and total ED events; (4) Number of inpatient events, comorbidity profile, length of stay, intensive care use, preventable hospitalisations, diagnosis-related group, deaths and costs. Results: The rate of ED presentations from Victorian RACFs from 2015/16 …

Exploring Behavioural Motivations Of Treatment Refusal In Cancer: A Q-Methodological Approach, Ruby Koyllor A. Gleeson, Nicolas H. Hart, Darren Haywood, Frank D. Baughman

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Cancer treatment refusal is known to lower survival rates and increase cancer symptoms in individuals with cancer. Behavioural motivations of treatment refusal need to be elucidated for better cancer care. Using Q-methodology, a mixed methods research approach, we explored behavioural motivations of treatment refusal in individuals diagnosed with cancer. Method: Thirty-nine individuals (n = 39; age = 49.2 ± 12.2 years) were recruited from Australia, the UK, and the USA, who had refused cancer treatment within the past decade. Participants completed an online demographic questionnaire and a Q-sort activity which required the organisation and ranking of 44 statements on …

Knowledge And Perceptions Of Modifiable Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Among Indians: Scoping Review, Kunwar Kaur, Ma'en Zaid Abu-Qamar, Amineh Rashidi, Nilufeur Mckay, Rosemary Saunders

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) causes a significant number of deaths globally. India has the highest IHD burden, with cases up 138% since 1990. Individuals of Indian descent face a greater risk of early IHD and poorer long-term outcomes. Indian people typically develop IHD a decade earlier than other populations, with 52% of IHD-related deaths occurring before the age of 70, compared to 23% in Western populations. Aims: This review aims to synthesise evidence on the Indian population's knowledge and perceptions of modifiable IHD risk factors and identify literature gaps. Methods: Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology and the Preferred Reporting …

The Moderating Effect Of Dietary Patterns On The Association Of Depression And Anxiety With Cognitive Function, Hilal Salim Said Al Shamsi, Samantha L. Gardener, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Kevin Taddei, Colin L. Masters, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Ralph N. Martins, W. M.A.D.B. Fernando

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background and aims: Investigating modifiable risk factors, such as diet, is crucial in understanding their effects on the relationship between Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related cognitive decline and related conditions. This study assesses whether dietary patterns moderate the relationship between symptoms of depression, anxiety, and cognitive function in older adults. Given that biological and psychosocial differences between sexes may influence dietary behaviours, mental health symptoms, and cognitive outcomes, conducting sex-stratified analyses will allow for identification of differential associations. Method: Cross-sectional data from cognitively unimpaired older adults (n = 1174, age ≥60 years) from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study were …

Exercise Perceptions In People With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Insights From A Qualitative Study, Kedar Deshpande, John Olynyk, Oyekoya Ayonrinde, Kazunori Nosaka

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a chronic liver condition associated with lifestyle and metabolic risk factors. While exercise is a beneficial treatment strategy, many patients struggle to implement and perform exercise regularly. It is important for practitioners to know about patient awareness, attitudes, and preferences regarding exercise in the con-text of MASLD. In this study, we examined exercise knowledge, attitudes, and exercise preferences among patients with MASLD to improve their exercise behavior changes. Methods: We conducted a questionnaire and semi-structured inter-view study in adults with MASLD to assess their disease awareness, perspectives on exercise and exercise preferences. …

Management Of Neonates In The Special Care Nursery And Its Impact On The Developing Gut Microbiota: A Comprehensive Clinical Review, Ravisha Srinivasjois, Shripada Rao, Gavin Pereira

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The first few days following the birth are a vulnerable time for the neonate. Sick infants experience various interventions during their stay in the neonatal unit in order to stay alive and grow. Acquisition of gut microbes is critical for the short- and long-term health of the neonate. At a time when the gut microbiome is starting to take shape, crucial interventions directed at improving the growth, development and survival of the neonate impact its development. Events prior to and after the birth of the neonate, such as maternal conditions, antibiotic exposure, type of feeds, supplemental probiotics, and neonatal intensive …

Measuring The Impact Of The Australian National Placement Evaluation Centre To Enhance Nursing And Midwifery Student Clinical Placements: A Multimodal Evaluation, Colleen Ryan, Robyn Cant, Areum Hyun, Debbie Procter, Louise Alexander, Dianne Bloxsome, Lynda Hughes, Fiona Bogossian, Simon Cooper

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Aim: To evaluate the early impact of the Centre. Background: The educational quality of nursing and midwifery student clinical placement learning varies. The National Placement Evaluation Centre has a pivotal role in quality improvement by systematically collecting student and supervisor feedback on placement experiences. Design: Multimodal impact evaluation. Methods: Data were collected from website analytics and a survey shared via stakeholder registration emails and social media. The Impact Management Planning and Evaluation Ladder model was used to understand impact. Data were analysed using a sequential, hybrid inductive/deductive approach. Descriptive statistics summarised participant characteristics and qualitative data were themed. Results: Website …

Ocular Changes As Potential Biomarkers For Early Diagnosis Of Alzheimer's Disease, Purna Chandra Poudel, Shaun M. Frost, Shaun Eslick, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Kevin Taddei, Eugene Hone, Ralph N. Martins

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia. AD diagnosis often involves a thorough assessment, including clinical evaluation, cognitive testing, medical history examination, genetic testing, and biomarker analysis. Currently, the invasive nature and high costs of biomarker testing, such as cerebrospinal fluid analysis and neuroimaging, have limited the early detection and intervention of the disease. Therefore, researchers have explored cheaper and less invasive options, such as ocular imaging. This review discusses the close relationship between the eye and the central nervous system and ocular changes as a potential non-invasive AD biomarker. Ocular changes …

Restricting Outdoor Advertising Of Unhealthy Food: Can Australia's Food Category-Based Classification System Be Applied Consistently?, Clare Whitton, Frith Klug, Alexia Bivoltsis, Georgina S.A. Trapp, Claire E. Pulker

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Most outdoor food advertising (e.g. billboards and bus stops) features foods that are considered unhealthy. The most important technical challenge when designing policies to restrict unhealthy outdoor food advertising is defining 'unhealthy food'. To date, most restriction policies have used nutrient profiling models (i.e. foods are classified according to their nutritional composition) to determine which foods and beverages may be advertised. In Australia, state governments have endorsed a food category-based classification system, with no prescribed nutrient limits, which may create ambiguity when multiple users are identifying food advertisements to be restricted. This study aimed to assess the consistency of decisions …

Successful Treatment Of Aspergilloma With Antifungal Alone: A Case Of Conservative Management, Ad Rian Chong, Khai Lip Ng, Nai Chien Huan, Nur Husna Mohd Aminudin, Raja Nor Adilla Raja Rahaizat, Kasuma Mohamed Nordin

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Pulmonary aspergilloma can cause life-threatening haemoptysis. Surgical resection and/or bronchial artery embolization (BAE) are established treatment modalities, but both can be risky in frail patients with comorbidities. Spontaneous regression of aspergilloma with antifungal agents alone is rare. We report an elderly gentleman with a background history of treated pulmonary tuberculosis, who presented with haemoptysis due to a large left upper lobe aspergilloma. He declined surgery and BAE due to perceived risks. Oral voriconazole and later isavuconazole were prescribed, which led to clinical improvement and significant reduction in the size of the aspergilloma over 6 months. Antifungal agents might be a …

Understanding The Role Of Sports Injury Management By Australian Osteopaths: A Cross Sectional Survey Of 992 Practitioners, Brett Vaughan, Jon Adams, Wenbo Peng, Lauren V. Fortington, Michael Fleischmann, Kylie Fitzgerald, Amie Steel, David Sibritt

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Sport-related injuries are common presentations to primary care and hospital settings. Australian osteopaths practice mainly in private clinical settings in which the frequency of sport-related injury presentations, and how these injuries are managed, is unknown. The objective of the study was to describe the demographic, practice, and clinical management characteristics of Australian osteopaths who report often treating sport-related injuries. The study is a secondary analysis of data derived from the Australian osteopathy practice-based research network. Respondents indicated the frequency treating sports-related injuries in addition to other demographic, practice, and patient management characteristics. Backward logistic regression identified significant characteristics associated with …

Characteristics Of Extravascular Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Implantation., Sreedhar R Billakanty, Auroa G Badin, Matthew J Cline, Bridget A Cavanagh, Andrea K Robinson, Nagesh X Chopra, Eugene Y Fu, Jaret D Tyler, Anish K Amin

Heart and Vascular Articles

No abstract provided.

Car-Bp: Taking Hypertension Screening Beyond Clinics, Jesus Melgarejo, Gladys Maestre, Eron Manusov

School of Medicine Publications

No abstract provided.

Genetic Study Of Von Willebrand Factor Antigen Levels ≤ 50 Iu/Dl Identifies Variants Associated With Increased Risk Of Vwd And Bleeding, Rachel K. Friedman, Adam S. Heath, Jennifer E. Huffman, James T. Baker, Natalie R. Hasbani, Sarah A. Gagliano Taliun, Ming-Huei Chen, Tom Howard, Joanne E. Curran, John Blangero

School of Medicine Publications

Background: von Willebrand disease (VWD) is a common inherited bleeding disorder caused by low levels or activity of circulating von Willebrand factor (VWF). Genetic susceptibility to VWF antigen (VWF:Ag) below normal (≤50 IU/dL) in the general population is underexplored.

Methods: To identify genetic variants influencing VWF:Ag levels ≤50 IU/dL, we performed a genome-wide association study in 926 cases with VWF:Ag levels ≤50 IU/dL and 12,846 controls from 7 studies from the TOPMed program. We then examined whether genome-wide significant findings were also associated with clinical diagnosis of VWD in 5 biobanks with 708 VWD cases and 1,286,069 controls, and with …

Definitions Of Cardiogenic Shock And Indications For Temporary Mechanical Circulatory Support: Joint Consensus Report Of The Perioperative Quality Initiative And The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Cardiac Society, Stephanie O Ibekwe, Amanda Rea, Christian Stoppe, Alexander Zarbock, Andrew D Shaw, Daniel T Engelman, Manreet K Kanwar, Perioperative Quality Initiative (Poqi) And The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (Eras) Cardiac Society Workgroup

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: The management of patients with cardiogenic shock (CS) is complex and resource intensive, particularly given the recent surge in temporary mechanical circulatory support (tMCS) devices. This document was created to establish an approach to the assessment of CS to provide early and targeted therapies, including tMCS.

Methods: An interdisciplinary, international panel of experts, using a structured appraisal of the literature and a modified Delphi method, derived consensus regarding the assessment of CS based on pathophysiologic severity, etiology, and phenotypic clustering to guide escalation of care as well as identify those patients who might benefit from tMCS.

Results: Key principles …

Changes In Post-Transplant Serum Testosterone Levels In Men Undergoing Lung Transplantation: A Pilot Study Using The Trinetx Research Network, Erin Jesse, Mohit Khera, Kenneth Chavin, Nannan Thirumavalavan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Hypogonadism is understudied in men requiring solid organ transplants, particularly among lung transplant recipients. Improvement in serum testosterone levels has been reported in kidney and liver transplantation. Using the TriNetX Research Network, we performed a retrospective cohort study to evaluate the incidence of peri-transplant hypogonadism and the natural course of serum testosterone following successful lung transplantation. Men aged ≥ 18 with a lung transplant and total testosterone drawn within one year pre- and post-transplant were included. Men with receipt of testosterone therapy were excluded. A low testosterone (< 300 ng/dL) and normal testosterone (≥300 ng/dL) cohort was created before employing descriptive and analytic statistics to investigate the incidence of peri-transplant hypogonadism and the change in serum testosterone levels following lung transplantation. In our entire cohort, lung transplantation was not associated with a significant increase in post-transplant serum testosterone (329.86 ± 162.56 ng/dL pre-transplant and 355.13 ± 216.11 ng/dL post-transplant, p = 0.483). The number of men with low testosterone decreased by 9.8% following lung transplantation but was not significant, p = 0.404. In this pilot study, no significant change in the number of hypogonadal men nor serum testosterone levels was observed among men undergoing lung transplantation.

Experiences Of The Emergency Department Environment: A Qualitative Study With Caregivers Of People With Dementia, Norvin Hernandez, Ana Paulina Rivera, Ed Boyer, Mark E Kunik, Manish N Shah, Christine Ritchie, Aanand D Naik, Shan W Liu, Maura Kennedy

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

ED crowding and boarding adversely impact older patients' care and outcomes. Little is known about how ED crowding impacts persons living with dementia, a vulnerable population. This study sought to explore ED experiences of caregivers of people with dementia during a period of ED crowding and boarding. We performed semi-structured interviews with caregivers of people with dementia with an ED visit during a period of ED crowding and boarding at two public hospitals experiencing a threefold increase in boarding from pre-pandemic levels. Participants were recruited via chart review. We coded data using an inductive approach. Three themes emerged from 29 …

Community-Engaged Medical Student Elective To Improve Knowledge And Attitudes Toward Individuals With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities, Elisha Acosta

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) face multiple barriers to inclusion throughout life. One barrier is the medical knowledge and biases of adult healthcare providers with diagnoses traditionally associated with childhood. Medical school curricula have limited content related to IDD, and students have limited opportunities to engage with community organizations during their clinical years. Methods: We created a one-month clinical elective to address medical students' attitudes and knowledge regarding individuals with IDD using experiential learning. Students saw adult patients in our primary care clinic with a variety of IDD diagnoses and spent 30% of their time at community sites …

Outcomes And Resource Utilization In Hyperkalemic Emergency Department Patients Treated With Patiromer Or Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate, James Neuenschwander, Harold Brown, Jennifer Kammerer, Jeffrey Budden, Ning Rosenthal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVES: Hyperkalemia (HK) is a life-threatening condition commonly treated in emergency department (ED). Real-world outcomes associated with ED administration of potassium binders are limited. This study assessed ED discharge disposition and resource utilization in hyperkalemic ED patients treated with patiromer or sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC).

METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study using discharge data from 230 hospitals in the Premier PINC AI Healthcare Database. ED patients were included if they were ≥18 years old, had potassium ≥5 mEq/L, and received patiromer/SZC during January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to …

Implementation Outcomes Of A Patient Decision-Aid In A Diverse Population With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus In 15 Us Rheumatology Clinics, W Winn Chatham, Sonali Narain, Narender Annapureddy, Diane L Kamen, Kimberly Trotter, Vikas Majithia, Cathy Lee Ching, Zineb Aouhab, Swamy Venuturupalli, Daniel J Wallace, Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman, Alfred Kim, Maureen Mcmahon, S Sam Lim, Kalpana Bhairavarasu, Alexa Meara, Kenneth Kalunian, T Mark Beasley

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the clinical outcomes during the implementation of a self-administered patient decision-aid (PtDA) for lupus.

Methods: We provided an effective computerized lupus PtDA in 15 rheumatology outpatient clinics 2019-2024 (including the COVID pandemic). We undertook Organizational Readiness to Implement Change Surveys (ORICs) and Team Learning and Psychological Safety Surveys (TLPSSs) at baseline. The primary study outcome objective measure, percent penetration/reach, was defined as the number of patients who viewed the lupus PtDA at the end of the study, divided by the total number of eligible patients (times 100). We used validated clinical …

Standard Cardiovascular Risk Prediction Scores Underestimate Risk In Immune-Mediated Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Survivors, Vijay Nambi, Ang Li, Shruti Chaturvedi, Senthil Sukumar

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) is a rare hematologic disorder with improved survival due to advancements in treatment. However, long-term cardiovascular morbidity and mortality remain significant. Established cardiovascular risk calculators, such as the 2008 Framingham Heart Study (FHS) global cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) risk estimators, may not adequately account for the elevated and unique cardiovascular risks in iTTP survivors.

Objectives: To evaluate the discrimination and calibration of the ACC/AHA ASCVD and FHS global CVD models in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) among iTTP survivors.

Methods: This retrospective …

Potential Intermediate-Term Survival Differences Among Heart Transplant Recipients From Circulatory Death Vs Brain Death Donors, Gabriel Loor, Andrew Civitello, Jose Euberto Mendez Reyes, O Howard Frazier, Todd Rosengart, Kenneth Liao

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: This study builds upon previous analyses by examining heart transplant survival from donation after circulatory death (DCD) vs donation after brain death (DBD) using the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database, with follow-up extended to 3 years post-transplant.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 1,453 DCD and 16,561 DBD adult heart transplants from January 2019 to June 2024 using the UNOS database. Propensity scores were generated based on clinically relevant covariates, and 1-to-1 propensity-score matching was performed. Survival analysis was conducted using Cox proportional hazards regression and Kaplan-Meier curves, with the log-rank test comparing overall survival …

A Simple, Interpretable Machine Learning Model Based On Clinical Factors Accurately Predicts Incident Dysplasia Or Malignancy In Barrett's Esophagus, Aaron P Thrift, Theresa Nguyen-Wenker, Hashem B El-Serag

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose: Identifying patients likely to develop dysplasia or malignancy is critical for effective surveillance in patients with Barrett's Esophagus (BE). However, current predictive models are limited. We evaluated the performance of machine learning (ML) models in predicting incident dysplasia or malignancy in a cohort of veteran patients with BE.

Methods: We analyzed data from 598 patients newly diagnosed with non-dysplastic BE (NDBE), BE indefinite for dysplasia (BE-IND), and BE with non-persistent low-grade dysplasia (LGD) at the Michael DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center from November 1990 to January 2019 with follow-up through January 2024. Progressors were patients who developed persistent LGD, …