Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Sex-Specific Negative Affect-Like Behaviour And Parabrachial Nucleus Activation Induced By Bnst Stimulation In Adult Mice With Adolescent Alcohol History, Lucas Albrechet-Souza, Chelsea R. Kasten, Natalia B. Bertagna, Tiffany A. Wills

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Adolescent alcohol use is a strong predictor for the subsequent development of alcohol use disorders later in life. Additionally, adolescence is a critical period for the onset of affective disorders, which can contribute to problematic drinking behaviours and relapse, particularly in females. Previous studies from our laboratory have shown that exposure to adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) vapour alters glutamatergic transmission in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) and, when combined with adult stress, elicits sex-specific changes in glutamatergic plasticity and negative affect-like behaviours in mice. Building on these findings, the current work investigated whether BNST stimulation could substitute …

Reducing Risk For Chronic Disease: Evaluation Of A Collective Community Approach To Sustainable Evidence-Based Health Programming, Katherine Oestman, Ruth Rechis, Pamela A Williams, Jill A Brown, Katherine Treiman, Brittany Zulkiewicz, Michael T Walsh, Karen Basen-Engquist, Trina Rodriguez, Catherine Chennisi, Amber Macneish, Alise Neff, Mike Pomeroy, Faiyaz A Bhojani, Ernest Hawk

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Community initiatives can shape health behaviors, such as physical activity and dietary habits, across a population and help reduce the risk of developing chronic disease. to achieve this goal and impact health outcomes, Pasadena Vibrant Community aimed to engage communities in an ongoing dialogue about the importance of healthy behaviors, implement and advance community-based strategies to promote health, and improve diet and physical activity behaviors. The initiative was centered around a collaboration between a backbone organization, steering committee, and 7 collaborating organizations funded to implement multicomponent, evidence-based programs.. The common agenda was detailed in a community action plan, which …

Revealing Chronic Disease Progression Patterns Using Gaussian Process For Stage Inference., Yanfei Wang, Weiling Zhao, Angela Ross, Lei You, Hongyu Wang, Xiaobo Zhou

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVE: The early stages of chronic disease typically progress slowly, so symptoms are usually only noticed until the disease is advanced. Slow progression and heterogeneous manifestations make it challenging to model the transition from normal to disease status. As patient conditions are only observed at discrete timestamps with varying intervals, an incomplete understanding of disease progression and heterogeneity affects clinical practice and drug development.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We developed the Gaussian Process for Stage Inference (GPSI) approach to uncover chronic disease progression patterns and assess the dynamic contribution of clinical features. We tested the ability of the GPSI to reliably …

Using The R = Mc2 Heuristic To Understand Barriers To And Facilitators Of Implementing School-Based Physical Activity Opportunities: A Qualitative Study, Derek W Craig, Timothy J Walker, Paula Cuccaro, Shreela V Sharma, Natalia I Heredia, Michael C Robertson, Maria E Fernandez

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Schools are a key setting for supporting youth physical activity, given their broad reach and diverse student populations. Organizational readiness is a precursor to the successful implementation of school-based physical activity opportunities. The R = MC

METHODS: We analyzed interview data from 15 elementary school staff (principals, assistant principals, physical education teachers, and classroom teachers) from a school district in Texas. We focused on factors related to adopting, implementing, and sustaining a variety of school-based physical activity opportunities. We used the Framework Method to guide the analysis and coded data using deductive (informed by the R = MC

RESULTS: …

Postprandial Glucose Variability Following Typical Meals In Youth Living With Type 1 Diabetes., Susana R. Patton, Simon Bergford, Jennifer L. Sherr, Robin L. Gal, Peter Calhoun, Mark A. Clements, Michael C. Riddell, Corby K. Martin

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

We explored the association between macronutrient intake and postprandial glucose variability in a large sample of youth living with T1D and consuming free-living meals. In the Type 1 Diabetes Exercise Initiative Pediatric (T1DEXIP) Study, youth took photographs before and after their meals on 3 days during a 10 day observation period. We used the remote food photograph method to obtain the macronutrient content of youth's meals. We also collected physical activity, continuous glucose monitoring, and insulin use data. We measured glycemic variability using standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV) of glucose for up to 3 h after meals. …

Assessment Of Simultaneous Alcohol And Cannabis Use And Its Related Consequences And Cognitions In College Students: A Narrative Review, Jennifer L. Shipley, Abby L. Braitman

Psychology Faculty Publications

As rates of students using cannabis continue to rise, simultaneous use of alcohol and cannabis (such that their effects overlap; commonly referred to as simultaneous alcohol and marijuana [SAM] use) is prevalent among college students who use both substances. Although research focusing on SAM use and related cognitions and consequences continues to grow, there are no common established measures, as approaches vary across studies. This narrative review identifies current methods for assessing SAM use and measures of SAM-related consequences and cognitions (motives and expectancies) among college students, evaluates how they were developed, identifies gaps in the literature, and provides recommendations …

Responsive Neurostimulation For People With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy And Autism Spectrum Disorder, Madeline C. Fields, Emily A. Johnson, John Zempel, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have comorbid epilepsy at much higher rates than the general population, and about 30% will be refractory to medication. Patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) should be referred for surgical evaluation, yet many with ASD and DRE are not resective surgical candidates. The aim of this study was to examine the response of this population to the responsive neurostimulator (RNS) System.

METHODS: This multicenter study evaluated patients with ASD and DRE who underwent RNS System placement. Patients were included if they had the RNS System placed for 1 year or more. Seizure reduction and …

The Association Of Skin Cancer Prevention Knowledge, Sun-Protective Attitudes, And Sun-Protective Behaviors In A Navy Population, Rachel Newnam, Uyen Le-Jenkins, Carolyn Rutledge, Craig Cunningham

Nursing Faculty Publications

Introduction: U.S. Navy service members are primarily between the ages of 18 and 30 years and often required to be outside for extended periods of time in geographical locations with increased and often unfamiliar ultraviolet indexes that collectively increase their risk for skin cancer. Skin cancer is the country's most common form of cancer, yet there is a paucity of skin cancer prevention literature, especially within the U.S. Navy. The purpose of this study was to describe skin cancer risk and skin cancer prevention "cues-to-action" and to determine if skin cancer prevention knowledge was associated with sun-protective attitudes (e.g., prevention …

Distinct Reproductive Phenotypes Segregate With Differences In Body Weight In Adolescent Polycystic Ovary Syndrome., Angie Chen-Patterson, Angelina Bernier, Tania S. Burgert, Vanessa Davis, Tazeena Khan, David Geller, Emily Paprocki, Rachana Shah, Selma F. Witchel, Camila Pereira-Eshraghi, Aviva B. Sopher, Melanie G. Cree, Laura C. Torchen

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

INTRODUCTION: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogenous clinical syndrome defined by hyperandrogenism and irregular menses. In adult women with PCOS, discrete metabolic and reproductive subgroups have been identified. We hypothesize that distinct phenotypes can be distinguished between adolescent girls who are lean (LN-G) and girls with obesity (OB-G) at the time of PCOS diagnosis.

METHODS: Data were extracted from the CALICO multisite PCOS database. Clinical data collected at the time of diagnosis were available in 354 patients (81% with obesity) from 7 academic centers. Patients with body mass index (BMI) < 85th percentile for age and sex were characterized as lean (LN-G) and those with BMI percentile ≥ 95th percentile as obese (OB-G). We compared metabolic and reproductive phenotypes in LN-G and OB-G.

RESULTS: Reproductive phenotypes differed between the groups, with LN-G …

Models Of Video Feedback For Youth Athletes Performing An American Football Tackle, Eric Schussler, Richard J. Jagacinski, Ajit Chaudhari, John A. Buford, James A. Onate

Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

Context: Video feedback is an expeditious method for improving athlete safety when performing activities with an inherent risk of injury. Providing appropriate and validated feedback during tackling training in American football may be a mechanism for athletes to learn safe tackling performance.

Objective: To determine the effect of video feedback in the instruction of tackling form.

Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Setting: Laboratory.

Patients or Other Participants: A total of 32 youth football athletes (28 boys, 4 girls; age ¼ 11.8 6 0.8 years) participated in 1 day of training. Of those, 14 participants completed 2 additional days of training and …

Identification And Characterization Of Two Novel Kcnh2 Mutations Contributing To Long Qt Syndrome, Anthony Owusu-Mensah, Jacqueline Treat, Joyce Bernardi, Ryan Pfeiffer, Robert Goodrow, Bright Tsevi, Victoria Lam, Michel Audette, Jonathan M. Cordeiro, Makarand Deo

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

We identified two different inherited mutations in KCNH2 gene, or human ether-a-go-go related gene (hERG), which are linked to Long QT Syndrome. The first mutation was in a 1-day-old infant, whereas the second was in a 14-year-old girl. The two KCNH2 mutations were transiently transfected into either human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells or human induced pluripotent stem-cell derived cardiomyocytes. We performed associated multiscale computer simulations to elucidate the arrhythmogenic potentials of the KCNH2 mutations. Genetic screening of the first and second index patients revealed a heterozygous missense mutation in KCNH2, resulting in an amino acid change (P632L) in the …

Examining Associations Between Genetic And Neural Risk For Externalizing Behaviors In Adolescence And Early Adulthood, Sarah J Brislin, Andrey P Anokhin, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Researchers have identified genetic and neural risk factors for externalizing behaviors. However, it has not yet been determined if genetic liability is conferred in part through associations with more proximal neurophysiological risk markers.

METHODS: Participants from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism, a large, family-based study of alcohol use disorders were genotyped and polygenic scores for externalizing (EXT PGS) were calculated. Associations with target P3 amplitude from a visual oddball task (P3) and broad endorsement of externalizing behaviors (indexed via self-report of alcohol and cannabis use, and antisocial behavior) were assessed in participants of European (EA;

RESULTS: …

Parents' Stigmatizing Beliefs About The Hpv Vaccine And Their Association With Information Seeking Behavior And Vaccination Communication Behaviors, Ashley Hedrick Mckenzie, Ross Shegog, Lara S Savas, C Mary Healy, L Aubree Shay, Sharice Preston, Sharon Coan, Travis Teague, Erica Frost, Stanley W Spinner, Sally W Vernon

Journal Articles

Parents' stigmatizing beliefs about the HPV vaccine, such as beliefs that it promotes adolescent sexual activity, constitute a notable barrier to vaccine uptake. The purpose of this study is to describe the associations between parents' stigmatizing beliefs about the HPV vaccine, psychosocial antecedents to vaccination, and parents' intentions to vaccinate their children. Parents of vaccine-eligible children (

Development Of White Matter Fiber Covariance Networks Supports Executive Function In Youth, Joëlle Bagautdinova, Aristeidis Sotiras, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

During adolescence, the brain undergoes extensive changes in white matter structure that support cognition. Data-driven approaches applied to cortical surface properties have led the field to understand brain development as a spatially and temporally coordinated mechanism that follows hierarchically organized gradients of change. Although white matter development also appears asynchronous, previous studies have relied largely on anatomical tract-based atlases, precluding a direct assessment of how white matter structure is spatially and temporally coordinated. Harnessing advances in diffusion modeling and machine learning, we identified 14 data-driven patterns of covarying white matter structure in a large sample of youth. Fiber covariance networks …

Dsm-5 Conduct Disorder And Symptoms In Youths At High Risk Of Psychosis In Kenya With Dsm-5 Mental Disorders And Substance Use: Towards Integrated Management, David M Ndetei, Victoria Mutiso, Christine Musyimi, Reinpeter Momanyi, Pascalyne Nyamai, Peter Tyrer, Daniel Mamah

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Little is known about the prevalence of Conduct Disorder (CD) and symptoms of CD in high risk psychosis persons at both clinical and community populations in LMICs and in particular Kenya. This study aimed to document (1) the prevalence of CD diagnosis and symptoms in youth who screened positive for psychosis and (2) the associated mental disorders and substance use in the same cohort in LMIC. The sample size was 536 students who had screened positive on the Washington Early Recognition Center Affectivity and Psychosis (WERCAP) from a population of 9,742 high school, college and university students, but had not …

Acute Stress Disorder And Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Screening In Pediatric Trauma Patients, Samantha Irizarry, Marian Malone, Megan Waddell

Graduate Publications and Other Selected Works - Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)

BACKGROUND: Two-thirds of U.S. children and adolescents report experiencing one or more potentially traumatic events by age seventeen. 13.4% of the North Carolina pediatric population ages 0-17 have undergone two or more traumatic adverse childhood experiences, compared to 14% of the U.S. population. Early identification reduces the by-products of underdiagnosis of ASD and PTSD, such as mental illness, developmental delays, poor academic performance, and challenges with social interactions.

LOCAL PROBLEM: The project site is a level-one pediatric trauma hospital in Charlotte, North Carolina, seeing more than 130,000 patients annually. Before project implementation, there was an absence of ASD …

Effects Of A Preventive Mental Health Curriculum Embedded Into A Scholarly Gaming Course On Adolescent Self-Esteem: Prospective Matched Pairs Experiment., Christopher Jenson, Sharon Fitzgerald Wolff, Libby Milkovich

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Positive self-esteem predicts happiness and well-being and serves as a protective factor for favorable mental health. Scholarly gaming within the school setting may serve as a channel to deliver a mental health curriculum designed to improve self-esteem.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the impact of a scholarly gaming curriculum with and without an embedded preventive mental health curriculum, Mental Health Moments (MHM), on adolescents' self-esteem.

METHODS: The scholarly gaming curriculum and MHM were developed by 3 educators and a school-based health intervention expert. The scholarly gaming curriculum aligned with academic guidelines from the International Society for Technology Education, …

Advancing Suicide Intervention Strategies For Teens (Assist): Study Protocol For A Multisite Randomised Controlled Trial, Molly Adrian, Elizabeth Mccauley, Robert Gallop, Jack Stevens, David A. Jobes, Jennifer Crumlish, Barbara Stanley, Gregory K. Brown, Kelly L. Green, Jennifer L. Hughes, Jeffrey A. Bridge

Mathematics Faculty Publications

Introduction: Brief interventions that reduce suicide risk following youth's experience with acute care due to suicidality are needed. Methods and analysis: The study will use a three-arm randomised controlled trial designed to test the effectiveness of the Safety Planning Intervention with structured follow-up (SPI+) and the Collaborative Assessment and Management of Suicidality (CAMS) compared with enhanced usual care. The primary outcomes measure will be suicidal events, defined as death by suicide, attempted suicide, preparatory acts toward imminent suicidal behaviour or suicidal ideation resulting in a change in emergency evaluation or inpatient admission. Secondary measures will be the number of suicide …

The Modified Clinical Progression Scale For Pediatric Patients: Evaluation As A Severity Metric And Outcome Measure In Severe Acute Viral Respiratory Illness., Shannon B. Leland, Steven J. Staffa, Margaret M. Newhams, Robinder G. Khemani, John C. Marshall, Cameron C. Young, Aline B. Maddux, Mark W. Hall, Scott L. Weiss, Adam J. Schwarz, Bria M. Coates, Ronald C. Sanders, Michele Kong, Neal J. Thomas, Ryan A. Nofziger, Melissa L. Cullimore, Natasha B. Halasa, Laura L. Loftis, Natalie Z. Cvijanovich, Jennifer E. Schuster, Heidi Flori, Shira J. Gertz, Janet R. Hume, Samantha M. Olson, Manish M. Patel, David Zurakowski, Adrienne G. Randolph, Pediatric Acute Lung And Sepsis Investigator’S Network Pediatric Intensive Care Influenza Study Group (Palisi Picflu) Investigators And Overcoming Covid-19 Investigators

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVES: To develop, evaluate, and explore the use of a pediatric ordinal score as a potential clinical trial outcome metric in children hospitalized with acute hypoxic respiratory failure caused by viral respiratory infections.

DESIGN: We modified the World Health Organization Clinical Progression Scale for pediatric patients (CPS-Ped) and assigned CPS-Ped at admission, days 2-4, 7, and 14. We identified predictors of clinical improvement (day 14 CPS-Ped ≤ 2 or a three-point decrease) using competing risks regression and compared clinical improvement to hospital length of stay (LOS) and ventilator-free days. We estimated sample sizes (80% power) to detect a 15% clinical …

Models Of Shared Care For The Management Of Psychotic Disorder After First Diagnosis In Ontario., Joshua C. Wiener, Rebecca Rodrigues, Jennifer N S Reid, Kelly K. Anderson

Epidemiology and Biostatistics Publications

OBJECTIVE: To describe the provision of care for young people following first diagnosis of psychotic disorder.

DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study using health administrative data.

SETTING: Ontario.

PARTICIPANTS: People aged 14 to 35 years with a first diagnosis of nonaffective psychotic disorder in Ontario between 2005 and 2015 (N=39,449).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Models of care, defined by psychosis-related service contacts with primary care physicians and psychiatrists during the 2 years after first diagnosis of psychotic disorder.

RESULTS: During the 2-year follow-up period, 29% of the cohort received only primary care, 30% received only psychiatric care, and 32% received both primary and …

"My Gut Feeling Is…": An Ethnographic Study Exploring Interprofessional Communication About Children And Adolescents With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain In Paediatric Rheumatology., Rebecca R. Lee, Janet E. Mcdonagh, Tim Rapley, Albert Farre, Mark Connelly, Tonya M. Palermo, Karine Toupin-April, Emily Wakefield, Sarah Peters, Lis Cordingley

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Interprofessional communication about inflammatory and non-inflammatory musculoskeletal conditions is an important component of assessment and management in paediatric rheumatology. Chronic pain is a feature of some of these conditions which likely influences the extent and type of communication about pain. Research investigating interprofessional communication about paediatric pain is limited but has found that communication is inclusive of the biopsychosocial context of children/adolescents as well as their families. The aim of this ethnographic study was to explore interprofessional communication about children and adolescents with chronic musculoskeletal pain in paediatric rheumatology. We observed forty-five healthcare professionals recruited from 3 UK paediatric rheumatology …

Opening The Black Box Of Family-Based Treatments: An Artificial Intelligence Framework To Examine Therapeutic Alliance And Therapist Empathy, Phillippe B Cunningham, Jordon Gilmore, Sylvie Naar, Stephanie D Preston, Catherine F Eubanks, Nina Christina Hubig, Jerome Mcclendon, Samiran Ghosh, Stacy Ryan-Pettes

Journal Articles

The evidence-based treatment (EBT) movement has primarily focused on core intervention content or treatment fidelity and has largely ignored practitioner skills to manage interpersonal process issues that emerge during treatment, especially with difficult-to-treat adolescents (delinquent, substance-using, medical non-adherence) and those of color. A chief complaint of "real world" practitioners about manualized treatments is the lack of correspondence between following a manual and managing microsocial interpersonal processes (e.g. negative affect) that arise in treating "real world clients." Although family-based EBTs share core similarities (e.g. focus on family interactions, emphasis on practitioner engagement, family involvement), most of these treatments do not have …

A Youth-Centred Approach To Improving Engagement In Hiv Services: Human-Centred Design Methods And Outcomes In A Research Trial In Kisumu County, Kenya, Eliud Omondi Akama, Thomas Odeny, Ingrid Eshun-Wilson, Elvin H Geng, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: IntroductionInnovative interventions are needed to improve HIV outcomes among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) living with HIV. Engaging AYAs in intervention development could increase effectiveness and youth acceptance, yet research is limited. We applied human-centred design (HCD) to refine adherence-support interventions pretrial and assessed HCD workshop acceptability.

METHODS: We applied an iterative, four-phased HCD process in Kenya that included: (1) systematic review of extant knowledge, (2) prioritisation of design challenges, (3) a co-creation workshop and (4) translation tables to pair insights with trial intervention adaptations. The co-creation workshop was co-led by youth facilitators employing participatory activities to inform intervention …

Barriers To The Diagnosis, Care, And Management Of Pediatric Patients With Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome In The United States: A Qualitative Analysis., William R. Black, Lora L. Black, Jordan T. Jones

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Objectives: Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes (EDS) are a family of heritable connective tissue diseases. Primary practitioners are capable of diagnosing and managing EDS; however, few are knowledgeable and comfortable enough to see patients with EDS, resulting in delays in diagnosis and care. This study explores the barriers physicians experience with diagnosing, managing, and caring for patients with EDS, and potential resolutions to those barriers. Methods: As part of a larger online study, providers (n = 107) in the United States were asked to specify "What information would improve (their) comfort" in diagnosing, caring for, and managing EDS via open-ended questions. Results …

Comparison Of Joint Mobilization And Movement Pattern Training For Patients With Hip-Related Groin Pain: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial, Marcie Harris-Hayes, Patricia Zorn, Karen Steger-May, Megan M Burgess, Rebecca D Demargel, Suzanne Kuebler, John Clohisy, Simon Haroutounian

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of completing a randomized clinical trial (RCT) and examine the preliminary effects of 2 interventions for hip-related groin pain (HRGP).

METHODS: In this pilot RCT, patients with HRGP, who were 18 to 40 years old, were randomized (1:1 ratio) to a joint mobilization (JtMob) group or a movement pattern training (MoveTrain) group. Both treatments included 10 supervised sessions and a home exercise program. The goal of JtMob was to reduce pain and improve mobility through peripherally and centrally mediated pain mechanisms. The key element was physical therapist-provided JtMob. The …

Utilization And Predictors Of Adjuvant Metformin For Children And Adolescents On Mixed Receptor Antagonists (Second-Generation Antipsychotics), Hua Chen, Ning Lyu, Wenyaw Chan, Austin De La Cruz, Chadi Calarge

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVE: to examine utilization and predictors of adjuvant metformin among pediatric recipients of second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) (mixed receptor antagonist).

METHOD: This study used 2016-2021 data of a national electronic medical record database. Eligible participants were children aged 6 to 17 with a new SGA prescription for at least 90 days. Predictors of prescribing adjuvant metformin in general and to nonobese pediatric SGA recipients in particular were assessed using conditional logistic regression and logistic regression analyses, respectively.

RESULTS: Of 30,009 pediatric SGA recipients identified, 2.3% (n = 785) received adjuvant metformin. Among 597 participants with a body mass index z score …

Supporting Adolescents' Participation In Muscle-Strengthening Physical Activity: Protocol For The 'Resistance Training For Teens' (Rt4t) Hybrid Type Iii Implementation-Effectiveness Trial, Hayden T. Kelly, Jordan J. Smith, Angeliek Verdonschot, Sarah G. Kennedy, Joseph J. Scott, Heather Mckay, Nicole Nathan, Rachel Sutherland, Philip J. Morgan, Jo Salmon, Dawn Penney, James Boyer, Rhodri S. Lloyd, Christopher Oldmeadow, Penny Reeves, Kirrilly Pursey, Myna Hua, Sarah Longmore, Jennifer Norman, Alexander Voukelatos, Avigdor Zask, David R. Lubans

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

INTRODUCTION: In Australia, only 22% of male and 8% of female adolescents meet the muscle-strengthening physical activity guidelines, and few school-based interventions support participation in resistance training (RT). After promising findings from our effectiveness trial, we conducted a state-wide dissemination of the 'Resistance Training for Teens' (RT4T) intervention from 2015 to 2020. Despite high estimated reach, we found considerable variability in programme delivery and teachers reported numerous barriers to implementation. Supporting schools when they first adopt evidence-based programmes may strengthen programme fidelity, sustainability, and by extension, programme impact. However, the most effective implementation support model for RT4T is unclear. OBJECTIVE: …

Regional Vulnerability Indices In Youth With Persistent And Distressing Psychoticlike Experiences, Nicole R Karcher, Hailey Modi, Peter Kochunov, Si Gao, Deanna M Barch

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Distressing and persistent psychoticlike experiences (PLEs) in youth are associated with greater odds of developing psychiatric conditions in adulthood. Despite this risk, it is unclear whether early PLEs show similar brain patterns compared with adults with psychiatric and neurologic conditions.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the degree to which persistent and distressing PLEs exhibit neural metrics that show similarity to adults with chronic psychiatric and neurologic conditions.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study used Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study examining the persistence and distress associated with PLEs across the first 3 waves of data with baseline structural magnetic resonance …

Targeted Therapy With Nanatinostat And Valganciclovir In Recurrent Ebv-Positive Lymphoid Malignancies: A Phase 1b/2 Study, Bradley Haverkos, Onder Alpdogan, Robert Baiocchi, Jonathan E. Brammer, Tatyana A. Feldman, Marcelo Capra, Elizabeth A. Brem, Santosh Nair, Phillip Scheinberg, Juliana Pereira, Leyla Shune, Erel Joffe, Patricia Young, Susan Spruill, Afton Katkov, Robert Mcrae, Ivor Royston, Douglas V. Faller, Lisa Rojkjaer, Pierluigi Porcu

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Lymphomas are not infrequently associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and EBV positivity is linked to worse outcomes in several subtypes. Nanatinostat is a class-I selective oral histone deacetylase inhibitor that induces the expression of lytic EBV BGLF4 protein kinase in EBV+ tumor cells, activating ganciclovir via phosphorylation, resulting in tumor cell apoptosis. This phase 1b/2 study investigated the combination of nanatinostat with valganciclovir in patients aged ≥18 years with EBV+ lymphomas relapsed/refractory to ≥1 prior systemic therapy with no viable curative treatment options. In the phase 1b part, 25 patients were enrolled into 5 dose escalation cohorts to determine …

Us Adolescent Rest-Activity Patterns: Insights From Functional Principal Component Analysis (Nhanes 2011-2014), Chris Ho Ching Yeung, Jiachen Lu, Erica G Soltero, Cici Bauer, Qian Xiao

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Suboptimal rest-activity patterns in adolescence are associated with worse health outcomes in adulthood. Understanding sociodemographic factors associated with rest-activity rhythms may help identify subgroups who may benefit from interventions. This study aimed to investigate the association of rest-activity rhythm with demographic and socioeconomic characteristics in adolescents.

METHODS: Using cross-sectional data from the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 adolescents (N = 1814), this study derived rest-activity profiles from 7-day 24-hour accelerometer data using functional principal component analysis. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the association between participant characteristics and rest-activity profiles. Weekday and weekend …