Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Detection Of Sensitive And Mutant Ruminal Bacteria Isolates From Sheep, Cattle, And Buffalo Using 14 Therapeutic Antibiotics, Abdelfattah Zeidan Mohamed Salem, Roberto Montes De Oca Jimenez, Maria Andrea Cerrillo-Soto, Ahmed Eid Kholif, Mohamed Zidan Mohamed Salem, Mona Mohamed Mohamed Yasseen Elghandour

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In the present study, sensitive and mutant colonies of some ruminal bacterial species isolated from sheep, cattle, and buffalo were detected. We counted and considered \"mutant colonies\" the bacterial colonies grown in the clear inhibition zone in the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test. Detected mutant colonies were higher in buffalo than in cattle and sheep. Duricef and metronidazole caused no mutations in any species. The others formed mutant colonies, where roxithromycin = polymyxin = chloramphenicol = gentamicin < erythromycin < vancomycin < piperacillin = cefotaxime < streptomycin < cefoperazone < ciprofloxacin < amikacin. Sheep had the highest number of sensitive isolates, and the number of sensitive isolates was dramatically lower in cattle and buffalo. There were no sensitive isolates with the antibiotic metronidazole, and there was a low number of sensitive isolates with duricef. The other antibiotics had more sensitive isolates (gentamicin = ciprofloxacin = amikacin > streptomycin = piperacillin > erythromycin > vancomycin = cefoperazone = cefotaxime > roxithromycin > polymyxin > chloramphenicol). The number of sensitive isolates of the different ruminant species for …

Efficacy Of Probiotics Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Gg And Saccharomyces Boulardii In The Treatment Of Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea And Clostridium Diffiicile-Associated Disease, Estie Klugmann

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Antibiotic therapy may cause serious side effects. Two disturbing effects of antibiotic administration are antibiotic-associated diarrhea and Clostridium difficile-associated disorder. Antibiotic-associated diarrhea occurs as a direct result of the normal flora destruction due to the antibiotics - which do not discriminate against pathogens or healthy forms of bacteria. C. diff disorder also occurs as an indirect result of antibiotic administration, because the destruction of the normal flora prevents people from having healthy bacteria to prevent disease. There have been studies conducted to determine if replacing the destroyed normal flora with probiotics, or beneficial microorganisms will prevent or treat these conditions. …

Evaluation Of The Seca Inhibitors As Novel Anti-Microbial Agents, Christina Cerovsky, Jinshan Jin, Hsiuchin Yang, Binghe Wang, Phang C. Tai

DISCOVERY: Georgia State Honors College Undergraduate Research Journal

The misuse of conventional antibiotics and natural selection of the infectious bacterial population has produced drug resistance. Thus, novel effective antibiotic compounds that treat bacterial infections resistant to available therapies are needed. SecA is an indispensable ATPase of the protein translocation machinery present in all bacteria. SecA is responsible for the secretion of many essential proteins, some toxins and virulence factors, and is essential for bacterial survival. SecA has no counterpart in mammalian cells, thus provides an ideal target for developing antimicrobial agents. SCA-13 (HO) is a pyrimidine analog derived from virtual screening; it exerts the ability to inhibit SecA …

Investigation Of The Inhibition Effects Of Someantibiotics On Human Erythrocytecarbonic Anhydrase Isozymes, T. Abdülkadir Çoban, Barbaros Nalbantoğlu, M. Yaşar Çi̇l, Hasan Özdemi̇r, Ö. İrfan Küfrevi̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

In this study, the in vitro effects of some antibiotics on carbonic anhydrase (CA) isozymes have been investigated. Human erythrocyte CA-I and CA-II isozymes were separately purified by affinity chromatography. Inhibition effects of four different antibiotics on CA isozymes were determined by using the CO 2 -Hydratase method. I 50 values of antibiotics were obtained by drawing % Activity [Actibiotic] graphs. The obtained I 50 values of cefazolin sodium, cephradine, sulbactam/cefoperazone and chloramphenicol sodium succinate were 9, 16, 19 and 48 mM on CA-I and 6, 10, 15 and 17 mM on CA-II, respectively. Antibiotics dosages should be taken into …

Growth Promoters In Rabbits, Suwanna Kijparkorn, Supattra Srichairat, Somporn Wangsoongnoen

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Fifty-six weanling crossbred rabbits (NZW x Native), aged 28 days, were randomly allotted to 7 groups with 8 animals per treatment and 2 animals per cage. Their diet was calculated to contain 16% crude protein with 3,300 kcal of digestible energy / kg feed. Para grass was fed ad libitum. Oxytetracycline and virginiamycin were added to the feed at levels of 5, 10 and 20 and 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg respectively and the seventh group was used as a control. Weight gain and feed intakes were recorded weekly for 10 weeks. Four rabbits from each group were slaughtered for …

Assessment Of The Efficacy Of Antibiotics Given As In-Feed Medication To Grower Pigs(การประเมินประสิทธิภาพของยาปฏิชีวนะชนิดต่าง ๆ ผสมอาหารในสุกรรุ่น), Boonrit Thongsong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

An attempt was made to assess the efficacy of antibiotics as in-feed medication to grower pigs by measuring growth performance, feed-cost ratios. Eighty grower pigs, with an average body weight of 27 kg, were randomly allocated into four groups of twenty pigs and fed ad-libitum for 62 days with feed containing (Treatment A) 40 ppm Acetyl isovaleryl tylosin (AIV) plus 300 ppm Chlortetracycline hydrochoride, (Treatment B) 20 ppm AIV plus 300 ppm Chlortetracycline hydrochoride, (Treatment C) 110 ppm Tylosin plus Sulfamethazine and (Treatment D) 44 ppm Lincomycin plus Spectinomycin. The average daily gain (A.D.G), feed convertion ratio (F.C.R) and feed …

Argt Caused By Toxic Antibiodies : Research Report, P Vogel

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A fortunate coincidence, discovered recently, has provided annual ryegrass toxicity researchers with valuable knowledge which may help them understand how the ARGT toxins affect animals, and further their investigations into vaccine development. A toxic antibiotic, identified years ago, has proved to be closely related to the ARGT toxins. Antibiotics are generally regarded as effective agents for the control of many bacterial and fungal infections. However, some of them are toxic to both the bacteria and the host, whether man or animal.

Microbial Monitoring, Harry P. Dalton

MCV/Q, Medical College of Virginia Quarterly

The need for monitoring both areas for alteration in microbial flora, which may result in invasion or adverse effect on internal organs of the host, has been an accepted scientific fact of modern medicine for years. Questions remain, however, on how much monitoring needs to be done. What areas of the patients and the environment should be tested, and what are the practical uses of the results of such monitoring? Before attempting to answer these questions, let me give you an overview of how microbial monitoring has been used at the Medical College of Virginia hospitals and other institutions to …

Marker Dyes In Antibiotics, K Needham, N. Ingleton

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

'For some years the presence of penicillin in milk has been a serious problem for the dairy industry.

When cows are treated for mastitis with antibiotics some residue finds its way into the milk.

Unless the milk from treated cows is withheld for at least 72 hours after treatment this residue enters the bulk milk supply.

Antibiotics And Sterilisers In The Dairy Industry, K Needham, N. Ingleton

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A S a consequence of the rapid advances made in all aspects of technology there are an ever increasing number of preparations becoming available to the dairy farmer, to assist both in the control of disease in his crops, pastures and animals and to maintain and enhance the quality of his dairy products.

These are—antibiotics, sterilisers, detergents, various weedicides and pesticides