Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Neonatal Gut Microbiota Alterations And Local Inflammation Induced By Escherichia Coli Infection Are Modified By Lactobacillus Rhamnosus Prophylaxis, Susana Chavez-Bueno, Hao Xuan, Shahid Umar, Concong Zhong, Wei Yu, Venkatesh Sampath

Presentations

Background: E. coli is a leading cause of neonatal sepsis. Newborns ingest E. coli, which transcytoses the gut producing bacteremia. Lactobacillus spp. decrease E. coli gut transcytosis but the mechanisms involved in this protective effect are not well understood.

Objective: To determine the effects of Lactobacillus pretreatment on the intestinal microbiota and inflammation in neonatal rats orally infected with E. coli.

Design/Methods: Newborn rats were orally pretreated on day of life (DOL) 1 and 2 with four doses of 107 colony forming units (CFU) of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) or PBS. On DOL 2, pups received orally 106 CFU of …

Human Lactoferrin And The Siderophore Aerobactin Independently Impact Intestinal Invasion By Neonatal Escherichia Coli Bacteremia Isolates, Susana Chavez-Bueno, Joshua Wheatley, Jennifer Tabakh

Posters

Background: E. coli is a major cause of neonatal sepsis. After ingestion, E. coli translocates the neonatal gut causing bacteremia. E. coli virulence depends on iron acquisition mechanisms, including siderophore systems. Lactoferrin (LF) protects against neonatal sepsis through immunomodulatory and antimicrobial effects which include iron chelation. However, it is not known whether siderophores in neonatal E. coli strains have an impact on LF’s effects on bacterial invasion and survival in intestinal epithelium.


Objective: To investigate the effects of human LF and the siderophore aerobactin on intestinal invasion and survival of septicemia-producing neonatal E. coli.


Design/Methods: Neonatal E. coli septicemia isolates …

Lessons From The Pandemic: How A Children’S Hospital Responded To The Challenges Of Covid-19, John Lantos, Paul Kempinski, Laurie Ellison, Jennifer Watts, Angela Myers

Presentations

The COVID-19 pandemic challenged doctors and hospital administrators as did no other event in our lifetimes. Leaders needed to develop a pandemic command structure with the agility to respond to rapidly evolving situations. They had to deal with drastic financial implications, develop new methods of delivering health care, and collaborate regionally. They learned the importance of communication with staff, policy makers, the local medical community, and the public. They had to allocate of scarce resources internally and externally, and balancing rational policy making against irrational fears. For children’s hospitals, some specific challenges included determining our role in a pandemic that …

Antibiotic Durations For Skin And Soft Tissue Infections In Pediatric Urgent Care Clinics, Megan Hamner, Amanda Nedved, Holly Austin, Donna Wyly, Alaina N. Burns, Diana King, Brian R. Lee, Rana El Feghaly

Posters

Background: Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are the second most common diagnosis leading to pediatric antibiotic prescriptions in the outpatient setting after respiratory diagnoses. However, most antibiotic stewardship programs have mainly focused on the latter. Children seen in the ambulatory setting for SSTIs often receive >7 days of antibiotics, although current society guidelines recommend 5-7 days for most diagnoses.


Objective: To determine the baseline percentage of patients receiving antibiotic prescriptions for >7 days for SSTIs in urgent care clinics (UCC)s of a pediatric health system and to evaluate factors that influence providers towards longer durations.


Design/Methods: We built a …

Prevalence Of Mycoplasma Genitalium And Macrolide Resistance In Adolescent Females Receiving Care At A Pediatric Hospital, Kayla Barnes, Bishnu Adhikari, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Christopher J. Harrison, Melissa K. Miller

Posters

Background: Mycoplasma genitalium is an established sexually transmitted cause of nongonococcal urethritis in males and macrolide resistance is increasing. The pathogenic role is less well-defined in adolescent females and guidelines recommend M. genitalium testing only be considered in cases of persistent or recurrent cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). We lack understanding of the prevalence and macrolide resistance of M. genitalium in adolescent females.


Objective: To determine the prevalence of M. genitalium and rate of detected macrolide resistance among adolescent females seeking care at a pediatric children’s hospital.


Design/Methods: We collected 200 salvaged urogenital samples (56 urine and 144 vaginal) …

Outpatient Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs In Children’S Hospitals: Status, Needs, Barriers, Rana El Feghaly, Elizabeth Monsees, Alaina N. Burns, Brian Lee, Ann L. Wirtz, Adam L. Hersh, Jason Newland

Posters

Background: Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are an essential tool to combat the increasing threat of antibiotic resistance. ASPs traditionally reside in acute care settings with a focus on inpatient prescribing. However, in 2016, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention affirmed the importance of outpatient ASP through its 4 core elements. Incorporation of these elements requires time, personnel, and funding, which may not be available in many institutions.


Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the current state of outpatient ASP in a large network of children’s hospitals and inform a programming agenda.


Design/Methods: This cross-sectional study used an investigator-developed survey …

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 69), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 68), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 67), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 66), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

A Practice Innovation To Improve Staff Vaccination Knowledge And Skills, Ijeoma Ugochukwu

Nursing Posters

Abstract:

The practice improvement project explored the best practices for equipping CentraCare Health System's (CCHS) Licensed Practical Nurses (LPNs) and Certified Medical Assistants' (CMAs) with childhood vaccination knowledge and communication skills necessary to educate hesitant patients and parents about the benefits of vaccination compliance. Innovative computer-based education (CBE) was identified and developed to empower LPNs and CMAs working in the ambulatory setting with childhood vaccination knowledge and communication skills to improve their ability to educate hesitant patients and parents about the benefits of vaccination. The CBE module was guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior in identifying vaccination knowledge and …

Evaluating Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Access To Primary Care Among Gay And Bisexual Men In The Us, A Population At High-Risk Of Hiv Infection, Jessica S. Kiernan, April D. Kimmel

Graduate Research Posters

BACKGROUND: 69% of new HIV diagnoses in the US are among gay and bisexual men, with disparities by race and ethnicity. Primary care providers increasingly provide HIV prevention. Racial and ethnic disparities in primary care access are well-documented, but their persistence among gay and bisexual men is unknown. We examined racial and ethnic disparities in access to primary care among this population.

METHODS: We used nationally representative person-level sociodemographic, health status and utilization data, and data on organizational- and socially determinant barriers to care, from the National Health Interview Survey, 2013-2018. Outcomes were: 1) general physician visit

RESULTS: The sample …