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Articles 1 - 29 of 29
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
How The Foot Modulates Its Mechanics During Uphill And Downhill Walking, Jeffrey M. Patterson, Kota Z. Takahashi
How The Foot Modulates Its Mechanics During Uphill And Downhill Walking, Jeffrey M. Patterson, Kota Z. Takahashi
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
The foot's biomechanical role in walking on sloped surfaces is currently unclear. While previous biomechanics studies have examined the hip, knee, and ankle, the foot is oversimplified as a rigid-body segment. This oversimplification overshadows its complex structure and function. In this project, we use an innovative multi-segment foot model to explore how the foot adapts its mechanics to incline and decline walking. Preliminary results have revealed that the foot is capable of adapting its mechanical work profile to both incline and decline walking. Specifically, the foot can increase its positive work output (i.e., increased energy generation) during inclined walking to …
Updates On Epigenetic Alterations To Brca1: Chemosensitivities, Haley Blum
Updates On Epigenetic Alterations To Brca1: Chemosensitivities, Haley Blum
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Breast cancer 1, early onset (BRCA1) is a human tumor suppressor gene encoding the BRCA1 protein that maintains genomic integrity. Molecular events may contribute to the loss of BRCA1 function, contributing to site specific tumorigenesis. Loss of BRCA1 function may arise from mutation or epigenetic events. Germline mutations of BRCA1 have been thoroughly implicated in heritable breast and ovarian cancers. More recently, sporadic breast cancer has been shown to be driven by epigenetic alterations to the BRCA1 promoter region, specifically methylation. Breast carcinomas that present with BRCA1 promoter methylation have been associated with triple negative breast cancers, as well …
Developing And Testing Of An Upper Limb Exoskeleton For Stroke Patients, Drew Dudley, David Salazar
Developing And Testing Of An Upper Limb Exoskeleton For Stroke Patients, Drew Dudley, David Salazar
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Objective: The main objective of this study was to determine functional and neuromuscular outcomes of stroke patients using their non-preferred hand with and without a 3D printed passive exoskeleton compared to controls using their non-preferred hand with and without the passive exoskeleton. Methods: Adults at least six months post stroke (Stroke, n = 5) and age- and sex- matched healthy controls (Control, n = 5) performed nine trials of a gross motor task while having their brain activity measured. The Fugl-Meyer and “Box and Block” test was used to measure the gross dexterity of the subjects with and without the …
The Effect Of Sensory Input On The Temporal Structure Of Center Of Pressure In Stroke Survivors, Samantha Chong
The Effect Of Sensory Input On The Temporal Structure Of Center Of Pressure In Stroke Survivors, Samantha Chong
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Stroke is the leading cause of disability that affects 17 million people worldwide. Patients post stroke suffer from maintaining balance because the brain may not be able to receive or process visual, vestibular and proprioceptive sensory information: all of which contribute towards maintaining stability. Information provided by vision is important for spatial orientation, as it develops an environmental perspective. Proprioception is detected through the stretching of tendonsand surrounding tissue, and is able to help the brain determine spatial location. The vestibular system provides the sense of balance detecting rotations and linear accelerations through the vestibulo-ocular reflex. The vestibular system is …
An Exploration Of Why Healthcare Professionals Under-Report Observed Patient Aggression, Sydney Bonta
An Exploration Of Why Healthcare Professionals Under-Report Observed Patient Aggression, Sydney Bonta
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
An Exploration of Why Healthcare Professionals Under-Report Observed Patient Aggression
Authors: Sydney Bonta & Lisa L. Scherer, Ph.D.
Advisor: Lisa L. Scherer, Ph.D.
According to the 2011 US Bureau of Justice Statistics report, medical professionals experienced the third highest proportion of workplace violence (WPV), with violence primarily emanating from patient. In a national survey of nurses employed in hospitals, 76% stated that they had encountered some sort of violence in their workplace (Speroni, Fitch, Dawson, Dugan, Atherton, & Leesburg, 2014). Similarly, patient aggression against physicians has long been a problem (Morrison, Lantos, Levinson, 1998). Despite this widespread exposure to WPV …
The Effect Of Arm Swing On Countermovement Vertical Jump Performance, Arash Mohammadzadeh Gonabadi
The Effect Of Arm Swing On Countermovement Vertical Jump Performance, Arash Mohammadzadeh Gonabadi
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Vertical jumping is one of the popular ways to evaluate ankle-knee efficiency in athletic population. Arm swing can play a crucial role in enhancing vertical jump performance. This study aimed to address the differences in kinetic and kinematic parameters during countermovement jump motion with arm swing (AS) and no arm swing (NAS). We used OpenSim to examine the efficacy of AS in reducing the impulse applied to the body and changes in range of lower limb joint angles at landing instant. We calculated the maximum vertical peak of the ground reaction force and impulse generated at landing in two different …
Efficacy Of Assistive Devices Produced With Additive Manufacturing, James Pierce
Efficacy Of Assistive Devices Produced With Additive Manufacturing, James Pierce
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Despite the frequency of musculoskeletal injuries such as sprains, broken bones and torn ligaments1, treatment options are often costly, time-consuming and ill-fitted.2,3 Additive manufacturing (“3D-printing) allows for the production of highly-customized and inexpensive assistive devices4, which suggests potential efficacy in the prescription of splints and casts for musculoskeletal injury.3 In the present study, a parametric, customizable splint/cast was created using a computer-aided design (CAD) package (Fusion 360, Autodesk, San Rafael, CA, USA) and produced with low-cost, desktop 3D printing (Ultimaker 2+ Extended, Ultimaker, Geldermalsen, Netherlands). Fitting of the devices was performed on five healthy …
Evaluating An Electronic Protocol In A Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Jeanette Rose
Evaluating An Electronic Protocol In A Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Jeanette Rose
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
A team of clinicians at Children’s Hospital and Medical Center (CHMC) developed a standardized protocol in 2018 for the care of patients needing sedation. This protocol is ordered through the EPIC electronic health record system for patients in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). When used, electronic protocols reduce the variation in clinical decision making which can ultimately improve patient outcomes. The goal of this project is to evaluate this technology, how the protocol is being used, and how it may be improved. Actual users of the EPIC sedation protocol were the subjects of this study, including PICU physicians, physician …
Temporal Step Coordination While Walking With A Single-Point Cane, Monica Barajas
Temporal Step Coordination While Walking With A Single-Point Cane, Monica Barajas
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
TEMPORAL STEP COORDINATION WHILE WALKING WITH A SINGLE-POINT CANE
Monica Barajas, Russel Buffum, Tyler Hamer, Brian A. Knarr
University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE
Stroke is the primary cause of long-term adult disability in the United States. Some physical limitations that a stroke survivor may encounter are foot drop, unilateral muscle weakness, limited coordination and muscle movement, among other effects that may directly affect gait. To address weakness and poor coordination post-stroke, a cane is commonly used. While a cane can help with balance, coordinating steps with an additional device can prove difficult to learn and may alter natural …
The Opioid Crisis: Exploring The Effects On First Responders And Healthcare Professionals, Rachel Lubischer, Dawne Frain
The Opioid Crisis: Exploring The Effects On First Responders And Healthcare Professionals, Rachel Lubischer, Dawne Frain
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
In 2017, the National Department of Health and Human Services declared the opioid crisis a public health emergency (The White House, 2018). Although Nebraska ranks among the states with the lowest number of drug overdose deaths, rising opioid use creates safety concerns for first responders and healthcare professionals, and leads to strained resources in many jurisdictions. We hope to increase our audience’s knowledge on the opioid crisis, how it effects first responders and healthcare professionals, and pertinent policies and initiatives in Nebraska. Our audience will leave this presentation better equipped to initiate discussions with friends, family, and community members about …
Visual Contributions To Balance Control During Gait, Kyle Brozek
Visual Contributions To Balance Control During Gait, Kyle Brozek
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
We propose to isolate the contributions of continuous OF to the orthogonal relationship between balance and gait control during treadmill walking using a series of conditions. Manipulating the direction of OF using a CAREN (Motek Medical, Amsterdam, Netherlands) virtual reality treadmill environment will isolate these visual contributions in human subjects as they walk. We plan to tease out the effect of OF direction on the relationship between gait and balance control by having healthy young adults perform a series of treadmill walking trials while immersed in a VR environment. This will be done by manipulating the direction of walking and …
Gait Alterations In Peripheral Arterial Disease Are Not Worsened By The Presence Of Diabetes, Hafizur Rahman
Gait Alterations In Peripheral Arterial Disease Are Not Worsened By The Presence Of Diabetes, Hafizur Rahman
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a vascular disease where atherosclerotic blockages restrict blood flow to muscles in the lower extremities. Diabetes is a common co-morbid condition in PAD and has been shown to increase the risk of lower extremity amputation compared to PAD without diabetes. Although there is a clear pathological relationship between diabetes and PAD, the gait mechanics involved remain indistinct. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether the presence of diabetes in addition to PAD results in greater functional impairment during ambulation. Twenty-three subjects with PAD and twelve controls consented to participate in the research. …
Division I Collegiate Male Basketball Player Post-Surgical Cai With Bone Spur Excision: A Case Report, Jacqueline Gutierrez
Division I Collegiate Male Basketball Player Post-Surgical Cai With Bone Spur Excision: A Case Report, Jacqueline Gutierrez
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
A Division I basketball player planted his foot and injured his ankle. He had a significant history of repeated lateral ankle sprains and was evaluated as having a grade 2 ankle sprain. He was referred for imaging revealing significant damage to a variety of tissues including a talar osteochondral defect and joint degeneration. He opted for surgical repair, however, post-surgical rehabilitation did not improve the athlete and a secondary procedure was necessary to correct complications. The initial procedure was successful to repair ligamentous stability of the joint. But was not sufficient to fully restore the joint to full function.
Estimating Variations In Metabolic Cost Within The Stride Cycle During Level And Uphill Walking, Arash Mohammadzadeh Gonabadi
Estimating Variations In Metabolic Cost Within The Stride Cycle During Level And Uphill Walking, Arash Mohammadzadeh Gonabadi
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Indirect calorimetry provides the average cost of a stride cycle and prevents from identifying which part of the gait cycle causes increased metabolic cost in patients, however, recent simulation methods allow estimating the time profile of metabolic cost within the stride cycle. In this study, we compare the estimations of the time profile of the metabolic cost of two simulation methods for level and uphill walking. We used kinematic, kinetic and electromyography data from level and uphill walking (one participant) to estimate the time profiles of metabolic cost using the muscle-level metabolic model of Umberger using electromyography and kinematic data …
The Effects Of Swimming Training On Arterial Stiffness, Muscular Strength And Cardiorespiratory Endurance In Postmenopausal Women With Stage 2 Hypertension, Steven Scott
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Objective:
Aging is associated with progressive decreases in arterial health and function as well as overall fitness. It is crucial to prevent or reduce the negative effects of aging on vasculature and fitness components by implementing appropriate lifestyle interventions, such as exercise training. We examined the effects of a swimming (SWM) regimen on arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity, PWV), blood pressure (BP), wave reflection (AIx), muscle strength and aerobic capacity in postmenopausal women with stage 2 hypertension.
Methods:
Using a parallel experimental design, participants were randomly assigned to either a SWM (n=52) or non-exercising control group (n=48) for 20 weeks. …
Muscle Oxygenation In Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease During Walking With And Without An Ankle Foot Orthosis, Anthony Arellano, Hafizur Rahman, Iraklis Pipinos, Jason Johanning, Sara Myers
Muscle Oxygenation In Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease During Walking With And Without An Ankle Foot Orthosis, Anthony Arellano, Hafizur Rahman, Iraklis Pipinos, Jason Johanning, Sara Myers
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a cardiovascular disease caused by blockages in the arteries that reduce blood flow to the peripheral limbs. Claudication, a prominent symptom of PAD is a condition in which the lack of blood flow causes an inability to meet the metabolic demands of the muscle tissue, causes severe cramping pain. Previous studies have shown muscle oxygenation starts significantly lower and declines faster in patients with PAD compared to healthy controls. An ankle foot orthosis (AFO) can provide walking assistance by absorbing and returning the mechanical force during walking. We hypothesized oxygenation levels would be higher in …
The Effects Of A 12-Week Jump Rope Exercise Program On Abdominal Adiposity, Vasoactive Substances, Inflammation & Vascular Function In Prehypertensive Adolescent Girls, Ronald Headid
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Childhood obesity is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. It is necessary to combat unfavorable outcomes of obesity at a young age by utilizing effective interventions, such as exercise. Purpose: We sought to examine the effects of a jump rope exercise program on CVD risk factors, including body composition, vasoactive substances, inflammation, and vascular function in prehypertensive adolescent girls. Methods: Forty girls (age 14-16) were recruited and randomly assigned to a jump rope exercise group (EX, n=20) or control group (CON, n=20). Body composition, nitrate and nitrite levels, endothelin-1 (ET-1), c-reactive protein (CRP), systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood …
Investigating The Effect Of Induced Stress On Dual-Task Performance, Farahnaz Fallah Tafti
Investigating The Effect Of Induced Stress On Dual-Task Performance, Farahnaz Fallah Tafti
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Doing two tasks concurrently is an inevitable situation that occurs in daily life. Several factors such as pathological conditions, the aging process, and even stress may have a detrimental effect on both tasks’ performances. The aim of this study was to monitor perceived stress during dual-task to investigate how inducing stress affects dual-task performance. Eighteen healthy young participants, (24.76±3.56 years; 68.85 ±11.85 kg; 1.72±0.07 m) were recruited. Participants were asked to perform a single task (no secondary task) and DTs (wire maze with or without buzzer) randomly while standing on a firm surface. Perceived stress was obtained after each trial …
Impacts Of Exercise And Environmental Temperature On Mitochondrial Quantity And Quality, Halee Keller
Impacts Of Exercise And Environmental Temperature On Mitochondrial Quantity And Quality, Halee Keller
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Halee Keller, Robert Shute, Dustin Slivka
University of Nebraska at Omaha, School of Health and Kinesiology, Omaha, NE
BACKGROUND: Mitochondria are highly concentrated in skeletal muscle tissue, and undergo damage from ROS during metabolic processes. This damage is often left unrepaired and leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, which has been linked to many common diseases. Exercise training increases mitochondrial development within skeletal muscle tissue and thus may be protective. Environmental temperature, when paired with exercise may provide an even greater effect than exercise alone. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of three weeks of exercise …
Diagnostic Accuracy Of Instrumented Helmets To Assess Concussions In High School Football Athletics, Alyssa Irby
Diagnostic Accuracy Of Instrumented Helmets To Assess Concussions In High School Football Athletics, Alyssa Irby
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Approximately 300,000 high school students experience a concussion yearly and are the third most common injury for youth football players accounting for 9.6% of all injuries. The current concussion monitoring systems are subjective and rely heavily on symptom recognition by players and coaches. Instrumented helmets fill a gap when subjective monitoring systems fail to recognize concussions. The purpose of this study is to determine the diagnostic accuracy of instrumented helmets and the effectiveness of alerting for a concussion in a youth population. Fifty-five football players from a local high school during the 2018 season who wore instrumented helmets participated. Impact …
An Investigation Of Stimulants: Reviewing Their Effects On The Brain, Including Memory And Microglia, Michael Douchey
An Investigation Of Stimulants: Reviewing Their Effects On The Brain, Including Memory And Microglia, Michael Douchey
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Stimulants are a class of drugs that have a variety of effects on the brain, including changes in receptor activity in the brain areas responsible for- memory, attention, emotion, motor control, and the reward pathway. Stimulants may be generally classified by their availability. For example, prescription stimulants, which include drugs such as methylphenidate (Concerta™, Ritalin™) and mixed amphetamine salts (Adderall™), must be prescribed by medical professionals. Another regulated stimulant, albeit one available without a prescription, is nicotine; a highly addictive chemical that is age-restricted by the U.S. federal government. Nicotine is found in tobacco products, and in tobacco-free alternatives including …
3d Prosthetics Effects On Standing Posture In Unilateral Upper Limb Deficient Children, Keaton Young
3d Prosthetics Effects On Standing Posture In Unilateral Upper Limb Deficient Children, Keaton Young
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
3D Prosthetics Effects on Standing Posture in Unilateral Upper Limb Deficient Children
Keaton Young
Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha
Introduction
Upper Limb Reduction Deficiency (ULD) is a congenital disability that affects the upper limb, which the Center for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that nearly 1,500 babies are born with ULD in the United States yearly 1,2. Prior research has focused on functional treatment of the upper limbs but has lacked observance of the effects that prosthetics and limb loss incur to the trunk. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the acute effects …
The Utility Of 3d Printing As A Method Of Pre-Operative Planning For Pediatric Skull Surgeries, David Salazar
The Utility Of 3d Printing As A Method Of Pre-Operative Planning For Pediatric Skull Surgeries, David Salazar
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Salazar Oral Presentation
Perceptions Of Physical Activity While Breastfeeding: A Mixed Methods Approach, Kailey Snyder
Perceptions Of Physical Activity While Breastfeeding: A Mixed Methods Approach, Kailey Snyder
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Background: Being physically active and breastfeeding can greatly support a new mother’s physiological and psychological health. However, within the United States, only 35% of women are maintaining their pre-pregnancy physical activity after childbirth and only 31% of infants are being breastfed at 12 months of age. Preliminary investigations suggest barriers such as lack of time and knowledge hinder a breastfeeding woman’s ability to be physically active however more research is needed. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore women’s perceptions of physical activity while breastfeeding. Methods: This mixed methods study utilized quantitative (survey) and qualitative (interview) measures, both …
Synthesis Of A Sulfur Variant For Treatment Of Trypanosomiasis, Carlos Vera-Esquivel
Synthesis Of A Sulfur Variant For Treatment Of Trypanosomiasis, Carlos Vera-Esquivel
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Previous work in our lab has found diphenyl ether benzylamines showed a successful response with a micromolar concentration of our lead compound to treat the deadly Trypanosamiosis rhodesience. Furthermore, mammalian cell lines saw promising resistance towards damages. The goal of this study was to synthesize a diphenyl thio benzylamine variant. This variant was more active toward T. b. rhodesience but showed more toxicity to both rat 10 (IC50 mM) and human cell lines (HFF, HC-04, U-2 OS, and HEK293). The selectivity index (ratio of toxicity to activity in the same concentration units (SI)) …
Impacts Of Dietary Nitrate On Endothelial Function, Arterial Stiffness, And Systemic Vascular Pressure In Peripheral Arterial Disease, Elizabeth J. Pekas, Steven D. Scott, Ronald J. Headid Iii, Michael D. Shukis, Jeonghwa Shin, Jiwon Song, Song-Young Park
Impacts Of Dietary Nitrate On Endothelial Function, Arterial Stiffness, And Systemic Vascular Pressure In Peripheral Arterial Disease, Elizabeth J. Pekas, Steven D. Scott, Ronald J. Headid Iii, Michael D. Shukis, Jeonghwa Shin, Jiwon Song, Song-Young Park
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the manifestation of atherosclerotic plaque in the larger arteries of the legs, which results in impaired blood flow to the lower extremities. Markers of vascular health, including endothelial function and arterial stiffness, have been shown to be attenuated in PAD.
Purpose: We sought to examine the effects of a nitrate supplement (body mass-normalized dosage of beetroot juice) on vascular function measurements such as endothelial function, arterial stiffness, and central and peripheral blood pressure in patients with PAD. We hypothesized that acute intake of a nitrate supplement would improve vascular function.
Methods: PAD patients (stage II-III, …
Left Achilles Tendon Rupture In A Male Collegiate Soccer Player, Benjamin Welch
Left Achilles Tendon Rupture In A Male Collegiate Soccer Player, Benjamin Welch
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
ABSTRACT
Objective: To present the case of an Achilles tendon rupture including surgical repair and rehabilitation in a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I, male, soccer athlete.
Background: While attempting to perform a backflip following a match victory, the athlete jumped up and experienced a gunshot sound and feeling on his posterior, distal, left leg. On-field evaluation included a positive Thompson Test for Achilles tendon (AT) rupture. Post injury imaging revealed a coinciding diagnosis.
Differential Diagnosis: AT strain, calcaneal fracture, fibula fracture, Shepard’s fracture
Treatment: Open surgery technique to repair the tear followed by rehabilitation protocol beginning with rest and …
The Energy Paradox Of The Ankle-Foot Complex During Human Walking, Nikolaos Papachatzis, Kota Takahashi
The Energy Paradox Of The Ankle-Foot Complex During Human Walking, Nikolaos Papachatzis, Kota Takahashi
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Flexor hallucis longus (FHL) is a multiarticular muscle that possesses the potential to alter foot’s functional and mechanical behavior, since it performs multiple significant functions during walking (e.g supports the medial longitudinal arch of the foot).The purpose of this study was to determine if the functional changes of the FHL are associated with the foot’s adaptations to the mechanical demands of walking. Backward walking is an experimental method capable of altering how the forces propagate underneath the foot and disrupting the mechanical function of the FHL muscle. We hypothesized that: (1) the muscle activity of the FHL will increase during …
Large Scale Dynamical Model Of Macrophage/Hiv Interactions, Sean T. Bresnahan, Matthew M. Froid
Large Scale Dynamical Model Of Macrophage/Hiv Interactions, Sean T. Bresnahan, Matthew M. Froid
UNO Student Research and Creative Activity Fair
Properties emerge from the dynamics of large-scale molecular networks that are not discernible at the individual gene or protein level. Mathematical models - such as probabilistic Boolean networks - of molecular systems offer a deeper insight into how these emergent properties arise. Here, we introduce a non-linear, deterministic Boolean model of protein, gene, and chemical interactions in human macrophage cells during HIV infection. Our model is composed of 713 nodes with 1583 interactions between nodes and is responsive to 38 different inputs including signaling molecules, bacteria, viruses, and HIV viral particles. Additionally, the model accurately simulates the dynamics of over …