Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Nexus Between Constructs Of Social Cognitive Theory Model And Diabetes Self-Management Among Ghanaian Diabetic Patients: A Mediation Modelling Approach, Yaa Obirikorang, Emmanuel Acheampong, Enoch Odame Anto, Ebenezer Afrifa-Yamoah, Eric Adua, John Taylor, Linda Ahenkorah Fondjo, Sylvester Yao Lokpo, Evans Asamoah Adu, Bernard Adutwum, Enoch Ofori Antwi, Emmanuella Nsenbah Acheampong, Michael Adu Gyamfi, Freeman Aidoo, Eddie-Williams Owiredu, Christian Obirikorang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The promotion of Diabetes Self-Management (DSM) practices, education, and support is vital to improving the care and wellbeing of diabetic patients. Identifying factors that affect DSM behaviours may be useful to promote healthy living among these patients. The study assessed the determinants of DSM practices among Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients using a model-based social cognitive theory (SCT). This cross-sectional study comprised 420 (T2DM) patients who visited the Diabetic Clinic of the Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Kumasi-Ghana. Data was collected using self-structured questionnaires to obtain socio-demographic characteristics, T2DM-related knowledge, DSM practices, SCT constructs; beliefs in treatment effectiveness, level …

Perspectives On Wider Integration Of The Health-Assistive Smart Home, Gordana Dermody, Jenna Mikus, Davina Porock, Dov Sugarman, Naeem K. Janjua, Christopher How, Roschelle Fritz

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Most older adults desire to be as independent as possible and remain living in their ancestral home as they age. Aging-in-place maximizes the independence of older adults, enhancing their wellbeing and quality of life while decreasing the financial burden of residential care costs. However, due to chronic disease, multimorbidity, and age-related changes, appropriate conditions are required to make aging-in-place possible. Remote monitoring with smart home technologies could provide the infrastructure that enables older adults to remain living independently in their own homes safely. The health-assistive smart home shows great promise, but there are challenges to integrating smart homes on a …

Provision Of Non-Invasive Coronary And Carotid Vascular Imaging Results On Changes In Diet And Physical Activity In Asymptomatic Adults: A Scoping Review, Simone Radavelli Bagatini, Abadi K. Gebre, Mary A. Kennedy, Marc Sim, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Catherine P. Bondonno, Ben Jackson, James Dimmock, Marcus P. Schlaich, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Joshua R. Lewis

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Although a healthy diet and physical activity have been shown to prevent or delay cardiovascular disease (CVD) hospitalizations and deaths, most adults do not meet current guidelines. Provision of coronary artery calcification (CAC) and carotid ultrasound (CUS) imaging results may motivate beneficial lifestyle changes. We scoped the existing literature for studies providing non-invasive vascular imaging results and reporting diet, physical activity, and/or anthropometric measures to identify knowledge gaps and opportunities for further research. Methods: A systematic search was performed across three electronic databases, in line with PRISMA ScR guidelines and Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review framework. Results: Twenty studies …

Speaking Of Online Learning: Alternative Practice-Based Learning Experiences For Speech Pathologists In Australia, Ghana And Hong Kong, Jemma Skeat, Josephine Ohenewa Bampoe, Susan Booth, Emily Brogan, Maya Conway, Rachel Davenport, Simone Howells, Peggy Kan, Michelle Krahe, Sally Hewat, Abigail Lewis, Alex Little, Joanne Walters, Gwendalyn Webb, Nikki Worthington

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Speech Pathology programs usually send students to workplaces to learn clinical skills necessary for practice. During COVID-19, programs needed to respond quickly to ensure that students continued to gain the necessary experiences and skills required to progress through their program and graduate as clinicians, while simultaneously complying with COVID-19 requirements. Case studies from seven different universities in Australia, Ghana and Hong Kong described the diverse ways in which placements were adapted to be COVID-safe, taking into account local needs. Some practices which had been included in placement education prior to the pandemic, such as telepractice and simulation-based learning, were extended …

Statistical Analysis Plan For The Stepped-Wedge Clinical Trial Healing Right Way - Enhancing Rehabilitation Services For Aboriginal Australians After Brain Injury, Elizabeth Armstrong, Tapan Rai, Deborah Hersh, Sandra Thompson, Juli Coffin, Natalie Ciccone, Leon Flicker, Dominique Cadilhac, Erin Godecke, Deborah Woods, Colleen Hayward, Graeme J. Hankey, Meaghan Mcallister, Judith Katzenellenbogen

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Aboriginal Australians are known to suffer high levels of acquired brain injury (stroke and traumatic brain injury) yet experience significant barriers in accessing rehabilitation services. The aim of the Healing Right Way trial is to evaluate a culturally secure intervention for Aboriginal people with newly acquired brain injury to improve their rehabilitation experience and quality of life. Following publication of the trial protocol, this paper outlines the statistical analysis plan prior to locking the database. Methods: The trial involves a stepped wedge design with four steps over 3 years. Participants were 108 adult Aboriginal Australians admitted to one of …

Effectiveness Of Universal Newborn Hearing Screening: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Karen Edmond, Shelly Chadha, Cynthia Hunnicutt, Natalie Strobel, Vinaya Manchaiah, Christine Yoshinaga-Itano, Universal Newborn Hearing Screening (Unhs) Review Group

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background:

Permanent bilateral hearing loss (PBHL) is a serious condition in newborns, with a prevalence of at least one per 1000 live births. However, there has been no recent systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of universal newborn hearing screening programs (UNHS).

Methods:

We registered our study protocol on PROSPERO CRD42020175451. Primary outcomes were any identification of PBHL (ie, PBHL diagnosed at any time), age of identification of PBHL, and neurodevelopment. Two reviewers searched standard databases to March 2022 and extracted data. We used fixed and random effects meta-analysis to pool data and graded the certainty of evidence using …

Squat And Countermovement Jump Performance Across A Range Of Loads: A Comparison Between Smith Machine And Free Weight Execution Modes In Elite Sprinters, Irineu Loturco, Michael R. Mcguigan, Tomás T. Freitas, Fábio Y. Nakamura, Daniel A. Boullosa, Pedro L. Valenzuela, Lucas A. Pereira, Fernando Pareja-Blanco

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The aims of this study were to: 1) provide and compare the height achieved during Smith machine (SM) and free weight (FW) loaded jumps executed over a wide spectrum of loads (40–120 % of body mass [BM]); and 2) test the difference between loaded and unloaded squat jump (SJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) attempts in ten highly trained male sprinters. On the first visit, athletes performed unloaded SJ and CMJ, loaded SJ with loads corresponding to 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 % BM, and loaded CMJ at 100% BM using an Olympic barbell (FW). On the second visit, they …

Needs And Views On Healthy Lifestyles For The Prevention Of Dementia And The Potential Role For Mobile Health (Mhealth) Interventions In China: A Qualitative Study, Jinxia Zhang, Esmé Eggink, Xiaoyu Zhang, Xingming Li, Bin Jiang, Hongmei Liu, Siqi Ge, Wei Zhang, Jihui Lyu, Yixuan Niu, Yueyi Yu, Haifeng Hou, Xizhu Xu, Xiaoyan Ye, Wenzhi Wang, Ruben Terlou, Edo Richard, Wei Wang, Youxin Wang, Eric P. Moll Van Charante, Song Manshu, Prodemos Consortium

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objectives:

Over the coming decades, China is expected to face the largest worldwide increase in dementia incidence. Mobile health (mHealth) may improve the accessibility of dementia prevention strategies, targeting lifestyle-related risk factors. Our aim is to explore the needs and views of Chinese older adults regarding healthy lifestyles to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD) and dementia through mHealth, supporting the Prevention of Dementia using Mobile Phone Applications (PRODEMOS) study.

Design:

Qualitative semi-structured interview study, using thematic analysis.

Setting:

Primary and secondary care in Beijing and Tai’an, China.

Participants:

Older adults aged 55 and over without dementia with an increased dementia risk, …

Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels Of Fatty Acid–Binding Protein 3 Are Associated With Likelihood Of Amyloidopathy In Cognitively Healthy Individuals, Kunal Dhiman, Victor L. Villemagne, Christopher Fowler, Pierrick Bourgeat, Qiao-Xin Li, Steven Collins, Christopher C. Rowe, Colin L. Masters, David Ames, Kaj Blennow, Henrik Zetterberg, Ralph N. Martins, Veer Gupta

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: Fatty acid–binding protein 3 (FABP3) is a biomarker of neuronal membrane disruption, associated with lipid dyshomeostasis—a notable Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiological change. We assessed the association of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) FABP3 levels with brain amyloidosis and the likelihood/risk of developing amyloidopathy in cognitively healthy individuals. Methods: FABP3 levels were measured in CSF samples of cognitively healthy participants, > 60 years of age (n = 142), from the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers & Lifestyle Flagship Study of Ageing (AIBL). Results: FABP3 levels were positively associated with baseline brain amyloid beta (Aβ) load as measured by standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR, standardized β …

Exploring Discordant Low Amyloid Beta And High Neocortical Tau Positron Emission Tomography Cases, Natasha Krishnadas, Vincent Doré, Simon M. Laws, Tenielle Porter, Fiona Lamb, Svetlana Bozinovski, Victor L. Villemagne, Christopher C. Rowe

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: Neocortical 3R4R (3-repeat/4-repeat) tau aggregates are rarely observed in the absence of amyloid beta (Aβ). 18F-MK6240 binds specifically to the 3R4R form of tau that is characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We report four cases with negative Aβ, but positive tau positron emission tomography (PET) findings. Methods: All Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle study of aging (AIBL) study participants with Aβ (18F-NAV4694) and tau (18F-MK6240) PET scans were included. Centiloid < 25 defined negative Aβ PET (Aβ–). The presence of neocortical tau was defined quantitatively and visually. Results: Aβ– PET was observed in 276 participants. Four of these participants (one cognitively unimpaired [CU], two mild cognitive impairment [MCI], one AD) had tau tracer retention in a pattern consistent with Braak tau stages V to VI. Fluid biomarkers supported a diagnosis of AD. In silico analysis of APP, PSEN1, PSEN2, and MAPT genes did not identify relevant functional mutations. Discussion: Discordant cases were infrequent (1.4% of all Aβ– participants). In these cases, the Aβ PET ligand may not be detecting the Aβ that is present.

Plasma P-Tau181/Aβ1-42 Ratio Predicts Aβ-Pet Status And Correlates With Csf-P-Tau181/Aβ1-42 And Future Cognitive Decline, Christopher J. Fowler, Erik Stoops, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Eugeen Vanmechelen, Jeroen Vanbrabant, Nele Dewit, Kimberley Mauroo, Paul Maruff, Christopher C. Rowe, Jurgen Fripp, Qiao-Xin Li, Pierrick Bourgeat, Steven J. Collins, Ralph N. Martins, Colin L. Masters, James D. Doecke

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: In Alzheimer's disease (AD), plasma amyloid beta (Aβ)1-42 and phosphorylated tau (p-tau) predict high amyloid status from Aβ positron emission tomography (PET); however, the extent to which combination of these plasma assays can predict remains unknown. Methods: Prototype Simoa assays were used to measure plasma samples from participants who were either cognitively normal (CN) or had mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/AD in the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study. Results: The p-tau181/Aβ1-42 ratio showed the best prediction of Aβ-PET across all participants (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.905, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.86–0.95) and in CN (AUC = …

Faces Of Pain In Dementia: Learnings From A Real-World Study Using A Technology-Enabled Pain Assessment Tool, Mustafa Atee, Kreshnik Hoti, Paola Chivers, Jeffery D. Hughes

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Pain is common in people living with dementia (PLWD), including those with limited verbal skills. Facial expressions are key behavioral indicators of the pain experience in this group. However, there is a lack of real-world studies to report the prevalence and associations of pain-relevant facial micro-expressions in PLWD. In this observational retrospective study, pain-related facial features were studied in a sample of 3,144 PLWD [mean age 83.3 years (SD = 9.0); 59.0% female] using the Face domain of PainChek®, a point-of-care medical device application. Pain assessments were completed by 389 users from two national dementia-specific care programs and 34 Australian …

Geospatiotemporal And Causal Inference Study Of Cannabis And Other Drugs As Risk Factors For Female Breast Cancer Usa 2003-2017, Albert Stuart Reece, Gary Kenneth Hulse

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Breast cancer (BC) is the commonest human cancer and its incidence (BC incidence, BCI) is rising worldwide. Whilst both tobacco and alcohol have been linked to BCI genotoxic cannabinoids have not been investigated. Age-adjusted state-based BCI 2003-2017 was taken from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database of the Centers for Disease Control. Drug use from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health, response rate 74.1%. Median age, median household income and ethnicity were from US census. Inverse probability weighted (ipw) multivariable regression conducted in R. In bivariate analysis BCI was shown to be significantly linked with rising cannabis …

Higher Consumption Of Fruit And Vegetables Is Associated With Lower Worries, Tension And Lack Of Joy Across The Lifespan, Simone Radavelli-Bagatini, Marc Sim, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Nicola P. Bondonno, Catherine P. Bondonno, Richard Woodman, Joanne M. Dickson, Craig Harms, Dianna J. Magliano, Jonathan E. Shaw, Robin M. Daly, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Joshua Lewis

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background and Aims: Higher total fruit and vegetable (FV) intakes have been
associated with lower perceived stress. However, the relationship of FV intake with domains of perceived stress is unclear. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the relationship between consumption of FV and four perceived stress domains (worries, tension, lack of joy and demands) in a population-based cohort of Australian adults.

Methods: Participants (n = 8,640) were men and women aged ≥ 25 years from
the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab) Study. Dietary intake was assessed using a 74-item validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. Perceived stress domains …

Summary Of Diabetes Among Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander People, Australian Indigenous Healthinfonet, Kathy Ride

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This publication, in plain language, is based on information presented in the Review of diabetes among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people (2022). This short, visual report summarises the key findings and concepts from the review to provide a holistic picture of diabetes among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. It is a quick source of information covering:

• the social and cultural context of diabetes, and the behavioural and biomedical factors that contribute to diabetes among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people
• the extent of diabetes among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, including incidence and prevalence data; hospitalisations; mortality …

A Large-Scale Genome-Wide Cross-Trait Analysis Reveals Shared Genetic Architecture Between Alzheimer’S Disease And Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders, Emmanuel O. Adewuyi, Eleanor K. O'Brien, Dale R. Nyholt, Tenielle Porter, Simon Laws

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Consistent with the concept of the gut-brain phenomenon, observational studies suggest a relationship between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders; however, their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we analyse several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics (N = 34,652–456,327), to assess the relationship of AD with GIT disorders. Findings reveal a positive significant genetic overlap and correlation between AD and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease (PUD), gastritis-duodenitis, irritable bowel syndrome and diverticulosis, but not inflammatory bowel disease. Cross-trait meta-analysis identifies several loci (P_{meta-analysis} < 5 × 10⁻⁸) shared by AD and GIT disorders (GERD and PUD) including …

5-Ht2 Receptor Antagonism Reduces Human Motoneuron Output To Antidromic Activation But Not To Stimulation Of Corticospinal Axons, Jacob R. Thorstensen, Janet L. Taylor, Justin J. Kavanagh

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The intrinsic electrical properties of motoneurons strongly affect motoneuron excitability to fast-acting excitatory ionotropic inputs. Serotonin (5-HT) is a neurochemical that alters the intrinsic properties of motoneurons, whereby animal models and in vitro experiments indicate that 5-HT increases motoneuron excitability by activating 5-HT2 receptors on the somato-dendritic compartment. In the current study, we examined how antagonism of the 5-HT2 receptor affects motoneuron excitability in humans. We hypothesised that motoneuron excitability would be reduced. The 5-HT2 antagonist cyproheptadine was administered to 10 healthy participants in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Electrical cervicomedullary stimulation was used to deliver a synchronised excitatory volley …

Epidemiology Of ∆8thc-Related Carcinogenesis In Usa: A Panel Regression And Causal Inferential Study, Albert Stuart Reece, Gary Kenneth Hulse

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The use of ∆8THC is increasing at present across the USA in association with widespread cannabis legalization and the common notion that it is “legal weed”. As genotoxic actions have been described for many cannabinoids, we studied the cancer epidemiology of ∆8THC. Data on 34 cancer types was from the Centers for Disease Control Atlanta Georgia, substance abuse data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, ethnicity and income data from the U.S. Census Bureau, and cannabinoid concentration data from the Drug Enforcement Agency, were combined and processed in R. Eight cancers (corpus uteri, liver, gastric cardia, breast …

Summary Of Cannabis Use Among Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander People, Australian Indigenous Healthinfonet

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This Summary is based on the Review of cannabis use among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. The review summarises the evidence from journal publications, government reports, national data collections and national surveys accessed through the HealthInfoNet’s database of publications. Please note that statistics presented do not always include all states and territories, see sources for details. ...

Regulatory Flexibilities And Access To Covid-19 Vaccines During The Pandemic In Bhutan, Dawa Tshering, Pelden Chejor

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Summary Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is rapidly evolving with millions of cases and death reported globally. The first-ever case of COVID-19 in Bhutan was confirmed on 5 March 2020 in a 76-year-old American tourist. The national regulatory authorities have implemented varying degrees of regulatory flexibilities to prevent unnecessary death by ensuring timely access to medical products and technologies during the pandemic. The Drug Regulatory Authority of Bhutan, as a national medicines regulatory agency responsible for ensuring the quality of medical products has implemented several regulatory mechanisms to ensure access to medical products including COVID-19 vaccines during the pandemic. In this …

The Development Of The Western Australian Haemodialysis Vascular Access Complexity Instrument, Linda L. Coventry, Jon Hosking, Evelyn Coral, Mark Jenkins, Chandra P. Salgado Kent, Doris Chan, Wai Lim, Diane E. Twigg, Claire M. Rickard

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background The Western Australian Haemodialysis Vascular Access Classification instrument was developed to classify the cannulation complexity of the arteriovenous fistula or arteriovenous graft as simple, challenging, or complex. Although the instrument was developed by experts in haemodialysis nursing, the instrument had not undergone formal validity or reliability testing. Objectives Evaluate the Western Australian Haemodialysis Vascular Access Classification instrument for content validity, interrater and test–retest reliability. Design Prospective cohort study. Participants Content validity was assessed by haemodialysis nursing experts (n = 8). The reliability testing occurred in one in-centre and one satellite haemodialysis unit in Western Australia from September to November …

Nurse-Led Volunteer Support Care Plan, Rosemary Saunders, Kate Crookes, Karen Gullick, Olivia Gallagher, Karla Seaman, Debra Scaini, Seng Giap Marcus Ang, Caroline Bulsara, Bev Ewens, Jeff Hughes, Bev O'Connell, Christopher Etherton-Beer

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The Nurse-Led Volunteer Support Care Plan described in “Nurses leading volunteer support for older adults in hospital: A discussion paper” is made available. This care plan is designed for nurses to develop a plan to direct volunteer support to better meet the individual needs of patients.

A Retrospective Cohort Study Of Factors Associated With Severity Of Falls In Hospital Patients, Manonita Ghosh, Beverly O’Connell, Ebenezer Afrifa-Yamoah, Sue Kitchen, Linda Coventry

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Severity of falls in hospital patients are threat to patient safety which can result in a financial burden on the patient’s family and health care services. Both patient specific and environmental and organisational factors are associated with severity of falls in hospital. It is important to continuously analyse the factors associated with severity of fall which can inform the implementation of any fall preventive strategies. This study aims to identify factors associated with the severity of falls in hospitalised adult patients in Western Australia. This study involved a retrospective cohort analysis of inpatient falls records extracted from the hospital’s Clinical …

Ancestral Sars-Cov-2, But Not Omicron, Replicates Less Efficiently In Primary Pediatric Nasal Epithelial Cells, Yanshan Zhu, Keng Yih Chew, Melanie Wu, Anjana C. Karawita, Georgina Mccallum, Lauren E. Steele, Ayaho Yamamoto, Larisa I. Labzin, Tejasri Yarlagadda, Alexander A. Khromykh, Xiaohui Wang, Julian D. J. Sng, Claudia J. Stocks, Yao Xia, Tobias R. Kollmann, David Martino, Merja Joensuu, Frédéric A. Meunier, Giuseppe Balistreri, Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Asha C. Bowen, Anthony Kicic, Peter D. Sly, Kirsten M. Spann, Kirsty R. Short

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Children typically experience more mild symptoms of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) when compared to adults. There is a strong body of evidence that children are also less susceptible to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection with the ancestral viral isolate. However, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) has been associated with an increased number of pediatric infections. Whether this is the result of widespread adult vaccination or fundamental changes in the biology of SARS-CoV-2 remain to be determined. Here, we use primary nasal epithelial cells (NECs) from children and adults, differentiated at an air-liquid interface to …

Association Of Immunoglobulin G N-Glycosylation With Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Phenotypes And Actual Clinical Cardiovascular Events: A Study Protocol For A Longitudinal Prospective Cohort Study, Cuihong Tian, Gehendra Mahara, Hongxia Zhang, Xuerui Tan

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction Immune-inflammatory response plays a key role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. IgG N-glycosylation is reported to be associated with the 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk score and subclinical atherosclerosis. However, the relationship of IgG glycosylation with actual clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and plaque phenotypes has rarely been investigated. Therefore, this study aims to understand whether IgG glycosylation traits are correlated with actual clinical CVD events and plaque phenotypes. Methods and analysis Designed to verify the efficacy of IgG glycosylation as a risk for CVD events and screen potential biomarkers of CVD to prevent atherosclerosis occurrence, this longitudinal prospective …

Barriers And Facilitators To Hiv Prevention Interventions For Reducing Risky Sexual Behavior Among Youth Worldwide: A Systematic Review, Fungai Mbengo, Esther Adama, Amanda Towell-Barnard, Arvin Bhana, Maggie Zgambo

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Interventions aimed at reducing risky sexual behavior are considered an important strategy for averting Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection among youth (15-24 years) who continue to be at risk of the disease. Enhancing intervention success requires a comprehensive understanding of the barriers and facilitators to interventions targeting youth. However, there is lack of a systematic review of both quantitative and qualitative studies to comprehensively identify and synthesize barriers and facilitators to HIV prevention interventions for reducing risky sexual behavior among youth worldwide. This review aimed to identify and synthesize barriers and facilitators to HIV prevention interventions for reducing risky …

Bridging The Gap Between Clinical Service And Academic Education Of Hand-Splinting Practice: Perspectives And Experiences Of Thai Occupational Therapists, Anuchart Kaunnil, Veerawat Sansri, Surachart Thongchoomsin, Kannika Permpoonputtana, Mandy Stanley, Piyawat Trevittaya, Chirathip Thawisuk, Peeradech Thichanpiang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

A gap in knowledge about current splinting practice exists between the educational program and clinical service. To bridge this gap, we investigated the perspectives and experiences of Thai occupational therapists regarding contemporary hand splinting practices in clinical use. A mixed-method study was designed. An explanatory sequential mixed methods design was used. In the first quantitative phase, a survey questionnaire was mailed to occupational therapists. The questions were regarding contemporary hand splinting practices in clinical use at seven hospitals in the capital city of Bangkok and outskirt areas. In the second phase, semi-structured interviews were completed to explore expert occupational therapists' …

Cohort Profile: The Growing Up Healthy Study (Guhs)—A Prospective And Observational Cohort Study Investigating The Long-Term Health Outcomes Of Offspring Conceived After Assisted Reproductive Technologies, Roger J. Hart, Blagica Penova-Veselinovic, Laura A. Wijs, John L. Yovich, Peter Burton

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Worldwide, over 8 million children and adults are conceived following assisted reproductive technologies (ART), and their long-term health is of consequential public health interest. The objective of this paper is to describe the Growing up Healthy Study (GUHS) cohort in detail, publicise it and invite collaboration. Combining the data collected in the GUHS with other cohorts or databases will improve the much-needed knowledge about the effects of ART, and allow for better understanding of the long-term health outcomes of offspring conceived after ART. The GUHS cohort is a prospective observational study of adolescents and young adults conceived after assisted reproductive …

Covid-19 Restrictions And Psychological Well-Being Of Fathers With Infants Admitted To Nicu—An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study, Esther Abena Adama, Flora Koliouli, Livio Provenzi, Nancy Feeley, Edwin Van Teijlingen, Jillian Ireland, Frances Thomson-Salo, Minesh Khashu, Finesse Group

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Aim

To describe the impact of the COVID-19 restrictions on the caregiving activities and psychological well-being of fathers with infants admitted to neonatal units.

Methods

Cross-sectional study using adapted COPE-IS and COPE-IU tools. Participants' recruitment occurred online via social media and parents' associations. Online survey in English, French and Italian were distributed and promoted via websites and social media platforms of parent's associations. The study was undertaken across 12 countries in Asia, Australia, Africa and Europe.

Results

A total of 108 fathers of NICU infants completed the survey. COVID-19 related restrictions were categorised into 3 types: no restrictions, partial and …

Congenital Anomaly Epidemiological Correlates Of Δ8thc Across Usa 2003–16: Panel Regression And Causal Inferential Study, Albert Stuart Reece, Gary Kenneth Hulse

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Δ8-Tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8THC) is marketed in many US states as ‘legal weed’. Concerns exist relating to class-wide genotoxic cannabinoid effects. We conducted an epidemiological investigation of Δ8THC-related genotoxicity expressed as 57 congenital anomaly (CA) rates (CARs) in the USA. CARs were taken from the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia. Drug exposure data were taken from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health, with a response rate of 74.1%. Ethnicity and income data were taken from the US Census Bureau. National cannabinoid exposure was taken from Drug Enforcement Agency publications and multiplied by state cannabis use data to derive state-based …