Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Association Between Alzheimer's Disease-Related Markers And Physical Activity In Cognitively Normal Older Adults, Steve Pedrini, Pratishtha Chatterjee, Akinori Nakamura, Michelle Tegg, Eugene Hone, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Christopher C. Rowe, Vincent Dore, Victor L. Villemagne, David Ames, Naoki Kaneko, Samantha L. Gardener, Kevin Taddei, Binosha Fernando, Ian Martins, Prashant Bharadwaj, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Colin L. Masters, Belinda Brown, Ralph N. Martins, Aibl Research Group

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Previous studies have indicated that physical activity may be beneficial in reducing the risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD), although the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. The goal of this study was to evaluate the relationship between habitual physical activity levels and brain amyloid deposition and AD-related blood biomarkers (i.e., measured using a novel high-performance mass spectrometry-based assay), in apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 carriers and noncarriers. We evaluated 143 cognitively normal older adults, all of whom had brain amyloid deposition assessed using positron emission tomography and had their physical activity levels measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). We …

Barriers And Enablers For Older Adults Participating In A Home-Based Pragmatic Exercise Program Delivered And Monitored By Amazon Alexa: A Qualitative Study, Paul Jansons, Jackson Fyfe, Jack Dalla Via, Robin M. Daly, Eugene Gvozdenko, David Scott

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: The remote delivery and monitoring of individually-tailored exercise programs using voice-controlled intelligent personal assistants (VIPAs) that support conversation-based interactions may be an acceptable alternative model of digital health delivery for older adults. The aim of this study was to evaluate the enablers and barriers for older adults participating in a home-based exercise program delivered and monitored by VIPAs. Method: This qualitative study used videoconferencing to conduct semi-structured interviews following a 12-week, prospective single-arm pilot study in 15 adults aged 60 to 89 years living alone in the community. All participants were prescribed an individualized, brief (10 min, 2–4 times …

Identifying And Reporting Position-Specific Countermovement Jump Outcome And Phase Characteristics Within Rugby League, John J. Mcmahon, Jason P. Lake, Paul Comfort

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The countermovement jump (CMJ) has been suggested to be an important test of neuromuscular performance for rugby league (RL) players. Identifying force platform-derived CMJ variables that may be more applicable to RL positions (e.g., forwards and backs) has yet to be fully explored in the scientific literature. The aim of this study was to identify RL position-specific CMJ force-time variables. Specifically, we aimed to compare select forcetime variables from the countermovement (i.e., the combination of unweighting and braking) and propulsion phases of the CMJ between the global forwards and backs positional groups. We also aimed to compare typical (i.e., jump …

Global Evolutionary Dynamics And Resistome Analysis Of Clostridioides Difficile Ribotype 017, Korakrit Imwattana, Papanin Putsathit, Deirdre A. Collins, Teera Leepattarakit, Pattarachai Kiratisin, Thomas V. Riley, Daniel R. Knight

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Clostridioides difficile PCR ribotype (RT) 017 ranks among the most successful strains of C. difficile in the world. In the past three decades, it has caused outbreaks on four continents, more than other ‘epidemic’ strains, but our understanding of the genomic epidemiology underpinning the spread of C. difficile RT 017 is limited. Here, we performed high-resolution phylogenomic and Bayesian evolutionary analyses on an updated and more representative dataset of 282 non-clonal C. difficile RT 017 isolates collected worldwide between 1981 and 2019. These analyses place an estimated time of global dissemination between 1953 and 1983 and identified the acquisition of …

Placental Lesions And Differential Expression Of Pro-And Anti-Angiogenic Growth Mediators And Oxidative Dna Damage Marker In Placentae Of Ghanaian Suboptimal And Optimal Health Status Pregnant Women Who Later Developed Preeclampsia, Enoch Odame Anto, David Antony Coall, Emmanuel Akomanin Asiamah, Osei Owusu Afriyie, Otchere Addai-Mensah, Yaw Amo Wiafe, W. K. B. A. Owiredu, Christian Obirikorang, Max Efui Annani-Akollor, Nicholas Akinwale Titiloye, Eric Adua, Emmanuel Acheampong, Evans Asamoah Adu, Stephen Opoku, Agartha Odame Anto, Augustine Tawiah, Youxin Wang, Wei Wang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background Angiogenic growth mediators (AGMs) and oxidative stress (OS) both play essential roles in normal placental vascular development and as such, placental alterations in these factors contribute to pre-eclampsia (PE). Suboptimal health status (SHS), an intermediate between health and disease, has been associated with imbalanced AGMs and OS biomarkers. Thus, SHS pregnant women may be at increased risk of developing PE and may present abnormal placental alteration and expression of AGMs and OS compared to optimal health status (OHS) pregnant women. We examined the histopathological morphology, immunohistochemical expression of AGMs antibodies and oxidative DNA damage marker in the placentae of …

How A 7-Week Food Literacy Cooking Program Affects Cooking Confidence And Mental Health: Findings Of A Quasi-Experimental Controlled Intervention Trial, Joanna Rees, Shih Ching Fu, Johnny Lo, Ros Sambell, Joshua R. Lewis, Claus T. Christophersen, Matthew F. Byrne, Robert U. Newton, Siobhan Boyle, Amanda Devine

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Obesity and mental health disorders are rising simultaneously with shifting dietary behavior away from home cooking, toward typically nutrition-poor and energy-dense convenience meals. Food literacy strongly influences nutrition choices. Community-based cooking interventions target barriers to healthy eating and facilitate development of food literacy skills, thereby potentially increasing preparation of home-cooked meals and positively influencing health. This study of 657 healthy Australian adults explored the efficacy of a 7-week cooking program in improving cooking confidence, whether this transferred to behavior surrounding food, and/or affected mental health. Significant post-program improvements in cooking confidence and satisfaction (all p < 0.001, (Formula presented.) 1.12 large), ability to change eating habits (p < 0.001) and overcome lifestyle barriers (p = 0.005) were observed for the intervention group but not control. Participation also improved mental and general health (all p < 0.05, (Formula presented.) 0.02 small). No changes were observed for acquisition and consumption of food, or nutrition knowledge in either group. This 7-week cooking program built cooking confidence and improved general and mental health but did not change dietary behavior. To further improve nutrition related behaviors associated with better mental health, more effort is needed to recruit those with below-average nutrition knowledge and interest in cooking.

The Therapeutic Effect Of Exogenous Melatonin On Depressive Symptoms: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Cancan Li, Dandan Ma, Min Li, Tao Wei, Xuan Zhao, Yuanyuan Heng, Delong Ma, Enoch Odame Anto, Yanbo Zhang, Mingyun Niu, Wangxin Zhang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Depression-related mortality and morbidity pose growing public health burdens worldwide. Although the therapeutic effect of exogenous melatonin on depression has been investigated, findings remain inconsistent. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the effectiveness of melatonin in the treatment of depression, including primary and secondary depression symptoms. Methods: We searched the online databases of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for original studies published up to May 2021. We used STATA 14.0 software to synthesize the results of included studies. To evaluate the effectiveness of melatonin, we calculated the standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals …

Conventional Therapies Deplete Brain-Infiltrating Adaptive Immune Cells In A Mouse Model Of Group 3 Medulloblastoma Implicating Myeloid Cells As Favorable Immunotherapy Targets, Zahra Abbas, Courtney George, Mathew Ancliffe, Meegan Howlett, Anya C. Jones, Mani Kuchibhotla, Robert J. Wechsler-Reya, Nicholas G. Gottardo, Raelene Endersby

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Medulloblastoma is the most common childhood brain cancer. Mainstay treatments of radiation and chemotherapy have not changed in decades and new treatment approaches are crucial for the improvement of clinical outcomes. To date, immunotherapies for medulloblastoma have been unsuccessful, and studies investigating the immune microenvironment of the disease and the impact of current therapies are limited. Preclinical models that recapitulate both the disease and immune environment are essential for understanding immune-tumor interactions and to aid the identification of new and effective immunotherapies. Using an immune-competent mouse model of aggressive Myc-driven medulloblastoma, we characterized the brain immune microenvironment and changes induced …

Travel Ban Effects On Sars-Cov-2 Transmission Lineages In The Uae As Inferred By Genomic Epidemiology, Andreas Henschel, Samuel F. Feng, Rifat A. Hamoudi, Gihan Daw Elbait, Ernesto Damiani, Fathimathuz Waasia, Guan K. Tay, Bassam H. Mahboub, Maimunah Hemayet Uddin, Juan Acuna, Eman Alefishat, Rabih Halwani, Herbert F. Jelinek, Farah Mustafa, Nawal Alkaabi, Habiba S. Alsafar

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Global and local whole genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 enables the tracing of domestic and international transmissions. We sequenced Viral RNA from 37 sampled Covid-19 patients with RT-PCR-confirmed infections across the UAE and developed time-resolved phylogenies with 69 local and 3,894 global genome sequences. Furthermore, we investigated specific clades associated with the UAE cohort and, their global diversity, introduction events and inferred domestic and international virus transmissions between January and June 2020. The study comprehensively characterized the genomic aspects of the virus and its spread within the UAE and identified that the prevalence shift of the D614G mutation was due to …

European Respiratory Society International Congress 2021: Highlights From Best-Abstract Awardees, Sanjay Ramakrishnan, Fabien Beaufils, Jana De Brandt, Kerri Viney, Claire Bradley, Vincent Cottin, G. Maged Hassan, Joana Cruz

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This article provides an overview of some of the highlights of the @EuroRespSoc Congress 2021 from the perspective of the best-abstract awardees of the ERS Assemblies @EarlyCareerERS @OrphaLung https://bit.ly/3JCjHYS Every year, the European Respiratory Society (ERS) offers grants to recognise the best overall abstracts of the 14 ERS Assemblies submitted for the ERS International Congress, covering all respiratory areas. The authors of the best abstract (i.e. the highest average score of abstract reviewers and only those who have not applied or were not eligible for a sponsored award) were invited to write a short summary about their virtual Congress experience …

The Role Of Igg N-Galactosylation In Spondyloarthritis, Xiaojia Xu, Lois A. Balmer, Zhixian Chen, Gehendra Mahara, Ling Lin

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a group of chronic inflammatory arthritic diseases causing inflammatory back pain and stiffness, leading to irreversible damage of joint and spine, seriously affecting the quality of life. However, the exact pathogenesis of SpA is still unknown, although the blockers of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) are a major therapeutic advance. Of interest is the association between SpA and Immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation. IgG N-glycosylation is a process of post-translational modification (PTM) that takes part in regulating anti- and pro-inflammatory effects. A relationship between IgG N-glycosylation and the development of inflammatory arthritic diseases exists, in addition …

Immunoanalytic Investigation Of Grain Proteins Antigenic For Celiac Disease Patients In An Einkorn Collection, Zsófia Birinyi, Dalma Réder, Ádám Diós, Ilma R. Korponay-Szabó, Éva Hunyadi-Gulyás, Christakis George Florides, Angéla Juhász, Gyöngyvér Gell

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Our study focuses on the complex characterization of a wild and cultivated einkorn collection of the Cereal Gene Bank of Agriculture Research Institute in Hungary, using proteomics, immune analytics and bioinformatics analyses. In a serological ELISA pre-screen of 208 different Triticum monococcum L. ssp. monococcum and Triticum monococcum L. ssp. aegilopoides genotypes with celiac disease samples high diversity was observed in the immune response. Based on the immune analytic results, four genotypes with significantly reduced immune reactivity were selected for detailed proteomics characterization. Our results confirm the benefits of high-throughput/large-scale pre-screening and the use of a complex examination platform to …

Alcohol Consumption And Cardiovascular Outcomes In Patients With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study, Malik Janjua, Matthew Knuiman, Mark Divitini, Brendan Mcquillan, John K. Olynyk, Gary P. Jeffrey, Leon A. Adams

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Low-level alcohol consumption is associated with reduced cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population. It is unclear whether this association is seen in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) who have an increased risk of CVD. We examined the association between alcohol consumption and CVD-related outcomes in subjects with NAFLD from a general population cohort. Subjects participating in the 1994-1995 Busselton Health survey underwent clinical and biochemical assessment. NAFLD was identified using the Fatty Liver Index of >60, and alcohol consumption quantified using a validated questionnaire. CVD hospitalizations and death during the ensuing 20 years were ascertained using the …

Assessing The Causal Effects Of Adipokines On Uric Acid And Gout: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study, Ruyi Cong, Xiaoyu Zhang, Zihong Song, Shanshan Chen, Guanhua Liu, Yizhi Liu, Xiuyu Pang, Fang Dong, Weijia Xing, Youxin Wang, Xizhu Xu

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Previous observational studies have highlighted associations between adipokines and hyperuricemia, as well as gout, but the causality and direction of these associations are not clear. Therefore, we attempted to assess whether there are causal effects of specific adipokines (such as adiponectin (ADP) and soluble leptin receptors (sOB-R)) on uric acid (UA) or gout in a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, based on summary statistics from large genome-wide association studies. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was performed as the primary analysis. Sensitivity analyses (including MR-Egger regression, weighted median, penalized weighted median, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier methods) were also …

Development Of 1,2,4-Oxadiazole Antimicrobial Agents To Treat Enteric Pathogens Within The Gastrointestinal Tract, Noel P. Pitcher, Jitendra R. Harjani, Yichao Zhao, Jianwen Jin, Daniel Knight, Lucy Li, Papanin Putsathit, Thomas V. Riley, Glen P. Carter, Jonathan B. Baell

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Colonization of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with pathogenic bacteria is an important risk factor for the development of certain potentially severe and life-threatening healthcare-associated infections, yet efforts to develop effective decolonization agents have been largely unsuccessful thus far. Herein, we report modification of the 1,2,4-oxadiazole class of antimicrobial compounds with poorly permeable functional groups in order to target bacterial pathogens within the GI tract. We have identified that the quaternary ammonium functionality of analogue 26a results in complete impermeability in Caco-2 cell monolayers while retaining activity against GI pathogens Clostridioides difficile and multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterococcus faecium. Low compound recovery levels …

High Definition Tdcs Effect On Postural Control In Healthy Individuals: Entropy Analysis Of A Crossover Clinical Trial, Diandra B. Favoretto, Eduardo Bergonzoni, Diego Carvalho Nascimento, Francisco Louzada, Tenysson W. Lemos, Rosangela A. Batistela, Renato Moraes, João P. Leite, Brunna P. Rimoli, Dylan J. Edwards, Taiza G.S. Edwards

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objective: Converging evidence supporting an effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on postural control and human verticality perception highlights this strategy as promising for post-stroke rehabilitation. We have previously demonstrated polarity-dependent effects of high-definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) on weight-bearing asymmetry. However, there is no investigation regarding the time-course of effects on postural control induced by HD-tDCS protocols. Thus, we performed a nonlinear time series analysis focusing on the entropy of the ground reaction force as a secondary investigation of our randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial. Materials and Methods: Twenty healthy right-handed young adults received the following conditions (random order, …

Pivot-12: A Phase Iii Study Of Adjuvant Bempegaldesleukin Plus Nivolumab In Resected Stage Iii/Iv Melanoma At High Risk For Recurrence, Alexander Mm Eggermont, Paolo A. Ascierto, Nikhil I. Khushalani, Dirk Schadendorf, Genevieve Boland, Jeffrey Weber, Karl D. Lewis, Daniel Johnson, Gareth Rivalland, Adnan Khattak, Margarita Majem, Helen Gogas, Georgina V. Long, Sue L. Currie, David Chien, Mary A. Tagliaferri, Matteo S. Carlino, Adi Diab

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Bempegaldesleukin (BEMPEG: NKTR-214) is an immunostimulatory IL-2 cytokine prodrug engineered to deliver a controlled, sustained and preferential IL-2 pathway signal. Nivolumab (NIVO), a PD-1 inhibitor, has been shown to prolong survival in patients with advanced melanoma and recurrence-free survival in the adjuvant setting. PIVOT-02 showed that BEMPEG plus NIVO was well-tolerated and demonstrated clinical activity as first-line therapy in metastatic melanoma. PIVOT-12 is a randomized, phase III, global, multicenter, open-label study comparing adjuvant therapy with BEMPEG plus NIVO versus NIVO alone in adult and adolescent patients with completely resected cutaneous stage III/IV melanoma at high risk of recurrence. The primary …

Evaluation Of Pd-L1 Expression On Circulating Tumour Cells In Small-Cell Lung Cancer, Emmanuel Acheampong, Afaf Abed, Michael Morici, Isaacs Spencer, Aaron B. Beasley, Samantha Bowyer, Du Bois Asante, Chris Lomma, Weitao Lin, Michael Millward, Elin S. Gray

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Antibodies against the programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor and its ligand (PD-L1) have been recently approved for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) treatment. Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) have emerged as an appealing liquid biopsy candidate that could enhance treatment decision-making in systemic therapy for SCLC patients. Several current technologies enrich CTCs using specific surface epitopes, size, rigidity, or dielectric properties. However, they are hampered by the heterogeneity of the enriched cells from blood samples. Methods: We evaluated two CTC enrichment systems: EpCAM conjugated to magnetic beads and a microfluidic device (Parsortix, Angle plc). PD-L1 expression was evaluated on the isolated CTCs. …

Clostridioides Difficile Infection And One Health: An Equine Perspective, Natasza M. R. Hain-Saunders, Daniel R. Knight, Mieghan Bruce, Thomas V. Riley

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile presents a significant health risk to humans and animals. The complexity of the bacterial–host interaction affecting pathogenesis and disease development creates an ongoing challenge for epidemiological studies, control strategies and prevention planning. The recent emergence of human disease caused by strains of C. difficile found in animals adds to mounting evidence that C. difficile infection (CDI) may be a zoonosis. In equine populations, C. difficile is a known cause of diarrhoea and gastrointestinal inflammation, with considerable mortality and morbidity. This has a significant impact on both the well-being of the animal and, in the case of performance …

Perceptions Of Drinking Water Access And Quality In Rural Indigenous Villages In Fiji, Sarah Nelson, Jacqueline Thomas, Aaron Jenkins, Kelera Naivalu, Timoci Naivalulevu, Vilisi Naivalulevu, Kinikoto Mailautoka, Shylett Anthony, Mereia Ravoka, Stacy D. Jupiter, Sangeeta Mangubhai, Pierre Horwitz, Seye Abimbola, Joel Negin

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Poor rural water quality is a health challenge in Fiji. A mixed-methods study in six iTaukei (Indigenous Fijian) villages was conducted to understand local perceptions of drinking water access and quality, how this changes drinking water source choices, and impacts of age and gender. Seventy-two household surveys, 30 key informant interviews (KIIs) and 12 focus group discus-sions (FGDs) were conducted. Household surveys revealed 41.7% of community members perceived their water as dirty and 76.4% perceived their water as clean. Two-thirds of households reported that they always or usually had enough water. FGDs and KIIs revealed water access and quality was …

In Vivo Ps-Oct Needle Probe Scan Of Human Skeletal Muscle, Jeffrey M. Mcbride, Michael J. Hackmann, Sophia Nimphius, Barry Cense

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) derived birefringence values effectively identify skeletal muscle structural disruption due to muscular dystrophy and exercise-related muscle damage in animal models in ex vivo tissue. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if a PS-OCT needle probe inserted into the leg of a human subject could accurately identify various anatomical structures with implications for use as a diagnostic tool for the determination of skeletal muscle pathology. A healthy middle-aged subject participated in this study. A custom-built PS-OCT system was interfaced with a side-viewing fiber-optic needle probe inserted into the subject's vastus lateralis muscle via a …

Genetic Overlap Analysis Of Endometriosis And Asthma Identifies Shared Loci Implicating Sex Hormones And Thyroid Signalling Pathways, Emmanuel O. Adewuyi, D. Mehta, D. R. Nyholt, International Endogene Consortium (Iec), 23andme Research Team

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Study question: Is there a shared genetic or causal association of endometriosis with asthma or what biological mechanisms may underlie their potential relationships?

Summary answer: Our results confirm a significant but non-causal association of endometriosis with asthma implicating shared genetic susceptibility and biological pathways in the mechanisms of the disorders, and potentially, their co-occurrence.

What is known already: Some observational studies have reported a pattern of co-occurring relationship between endometriosis and asthma; however, there is conflicting evidence and the aetiology, as well as the underlying mechanisms of the relationship, remain unclear.

Study design, size, duration: We applied multiple statistical genetic …

Editorial: The Use Of Post-Exercise Cooling As A Recovery Strategy: Unraveling The Controversies, Mohammed Ihsan, Chris R. Abbiss, Robert Allan

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Post-exercise cooling is a popular recovery strategy utilized by athletes, and of interest to many research groups. Significant body of research have examined the effects of post-exercise cooling on outcomes such as physical performance, regulation of inflammatory biomarkers, and psychophysical indices related to perceived fatigue, recovery and wellbeing. ...

A Mild Causal Relationship Between Tea Consumption And Obesity In General Population: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study, Cancan Li, Mingyun Niu, Zheng Guo, Pengcheng Liu, Yulu Zheng, Di Liu, Song Yang, Wei Wang, Yuanmin Li, Haifeng Hou

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Evidence from observational studies for the effect of tea consumption on obesity is inconclusive. This study aimed to verify the causal association between tea consumption and obesity through a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis in general population-based datasets. The genetic instruments, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with tea consumption habits, were obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS): UK Biobank, Nurses’ Health Study, Health Professionals Follow-up Study, and Women’s Genome Health Study. The effect of the genetic instruments on obesity was analyzed using the UK Biobank dataset (among ∼500,000 participants). The causal relationship between tea consumption and obesity was analyzed by …

Forecasting Neuromuscular Recovery After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: Athlete Recovery Profiles With Generalized Additive Modeling, Matthew J. Jordan, Nathaniel Morris, Jeremiah Barnert, Drew Lawson, Isabel Aldrich Witt, Walter H Herzog

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

A retrospective analysis of longitudinally collected athlete monitoring data wasconducted to generate a model of neuromuscular recovery after anterior cruciateligament (ACL) injury and reconstruction (ACLR). Neuromuscular testing data in-cluding countermovement jump (CMJ) force‐time asymmetries and knee extensorstrength (maximum voluntary contractionext) asymmetries (between‐limb asymmetryindex—AI) were obtained from athletes with ACLR using semitendinosus (ST) au-tograft (n= 29; AI measurements: n= 494), bone patellar tendon bone autograft(n= 5; AI measurements:n= 88) and noninjured controls (n= 178; AI measurements:n= 3188). Explosive strength measured as the rate of torque development was alsocalculated. CMJ force‐time asymmetries were measured over discrete movementphases (eccentric deceleration phase, concentric phase). …

Mtor Inhibitors Induce Erythropoietin Resistance In Renal Transplant Recipients, Reece Jefferies, Harish Puttagunta, Anoushka Krishnan, Ashley Irish, Ramyasuda Swaminathan, John K. Olynyk

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Aim: To elucidate the role of mTOR inhibitors on iron, hepcidin and erythropoietin-mediated regulation of hemopoiesis in stable renal transplant recipients (RTR). Background: Impaired hemopoiesis is common following renal transplantation managed using mTOR inhibitors. The mechanisms responsible are uncertain but include direct effects on iron, hepcidin or erythropoietin-mediated hemopoiesis. Methods: We conducted a single center prospective case-control study of 26 adult RTR with stable allograft function. RTR received stable mTOR dosing (cases, 11/26 [42%]) or stable tacrolimus dosing (controls, 15/26 [58%]). Baseline demographics, full blood count, renal function, iron studies, hepcidin-25, Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and erythropoietin (EPO) levels were determined. Results: …

Mitoprotective Effects Of A Synergistic Nutraceutical Combination: Basis For A Prevention Strategy Against Alzheimer’S Disease, Dona P.W. Jayatunga, Eugene Hone, Binosha W.M.A. Fernando, Manohar L. Garg, Giuseppe Verdile, Ralph N. Martins

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Evidence to date suggests the consumption of food rich in bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, omega-3 fatty acids may potentially minimize age-related cognitive decline. For neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), which do not yet have definitive treatments, the focus has shifted toward using alternative approaches, including prevention strategies rather than disease reversal. In this aspect, certain nutraceuticals have become promising compounds due to their neuroprotective properties. Moreover, the multifaceted AD pathophysiology encourages the use of multiple bioactive components that may be synergistic in their protective roles when combined. The objective of the present study was to determine …

A Synergistic Combination Of Dha, Luteolin, And Urolithin A Against Alzheimer’S Disease, Dona P.W. Jayatunga, Eugene Hone, Binosha W.M.A. Fernando, Manohar L. Garg, Giuseppe Verdile, Ralph N. Martins

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder and the most common form of dementia worldwide. The classical AD brain is characterized by extracellular deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) protein aggregates as senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), composed of hyper-phosphorylated forms of the microtubule-associated protein Tau. There has been limited success in clinical trials for some proposed therapies for AD, so attention has been drawn toward using alternative approaches, including prevention strategies. As a result, nutraceuticals have become attractive compounds for their potential neuroprotective capabilities. The objective of the present study was to derive a synergistic nutraceutical combination in …

Adverse Events Reporting Of Clinical Trials In Exercise Oncology Research (Advance): Protocol For A Scoping Review, Hao Luo, Oliver Schumacher, Daniel A. Galvão, Robert U. Newton, Dennis R. Taaffe

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: Adequate, transparent, and consistent reporting of adverse events (AEs) in exercise oncology trials is critical to assess the safety of exercise interventions for people following a cancer diagnosis. However, there is little understanding of how AEs are reported in exercise oncology trials. Thus, we propose to conduct a scoping review to summarise and evaluate current practice of reporting of AEs in published exercise oncology trials with further exploration of factors associated with inadequate reporting of AEs. The study findings will serve to inform the need for future research on standardisation of the definition, collection, and reporting of AEs for …

Population-Based Incidence Of Guillain-Barré Syndrome During Mass Immunization With Viral Vaccines: A Pooled Analysis, Fengge Wang, Donglan Wang, Yingjie Wang, Cancan Li, Yulu Zheng, Zheng Guo, Pengcheng Liu, Yichun Zhang, Wei Wang, Youxin Wang, Haifeng Hou

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Misunderstanding temporal coincidence of adverse events during mass vaccination and invalid assessment of possible safety concerns have negative effects on immunization programs, leading to low immunization coverage. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to identify the incidence rates of GBS that are temporally associated with viral vaccine administration but might not be attributable to the vaccines. By literature search in Embase and PubMed, we included 48 publications and 2,110,441,600 participants. The pooled incidence rate of GBS was 3.09 per million persons (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.67 to 3.51) within six weeks of vaccination, equally 2.47 per 100,000 person-year (95%CI: …