Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Hematological Disorders And Pulmonary Hypertension, Rajamma Mathew, Jing Huang, Joseph M. Wu, John T. Fallon, Michael H. Gewitz

NYMC Faculty Publications

Pulmonary hypertension (PH), a serious disorder with a high morbidity and mortality rate, is known to occur in a number of unrelated systemic diseases. Several hematological disorders such as sickle cell disease, thalassemia and myeloproliferative diseases develop PH which worsens the prognosis. Associated oxidant injury and vascular inflammation cause endothelial damage and dysfunction. Pulmonary vascular endothelial damage/dysfunction is an early event in PH resulting in the loss of vascular reactivity, activation of proliferative and antiapoptotic pathways leading to vascular remodeling, elevated pulmonary artery pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy and premature death. Hemolysis observed in hematological disorders leads to free hemoglobin which …

Isolated Idiopathic Aortitis With An Unusually Thickened Aortic Wall: Case Report, John Yoon, Irina Gruboy, Altheeb Zaid, Mark Connolly, Wilbert S. Aronow, Walid Elozomor, Jamshed Zuberi

NYMC Faculty Publications

Aortitis includes a broad range of disorders involving inflammation of the aorta. While most forms of aortitis can be linked to a specific cause, patients with idiopathic aortitis (IDA), are asymptomatic and usually diagnosed after surgical removal. The specific pathophysiology is not well understood, but can be strongly associated with tobacco smoking, young age at presentation, and family history of aortic aneurysm. Wall thickening is the most common physical characteristic of aortitis, and the inflammation can affect any layer of the aorta. The normal wall thickness of the aorta is less than 4 mm and can be as thick as …

Global, Regional, And National Life Expectancy, All-Cause Mortality, And Cause-Specific Mortality For 249 Causes Of Death, 1980-2015: A Systematic Analysis For The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2015, H Wang, M Naghavi, M Coggeshall, L Dandona, D Dicker, Sahil Khera, M Tavakkoli, Gbd 2015 Mortality And Causes Of Death Collaborators

NYMC Faculty Publications

Background Improving survival and extending the longevity of life for all populations requires timely, robust evidence on local mortality levels and trends. The Global Burden of Disease 2015 Study (GBD 2015) provides a comprehensive assessment of all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1980 to 2015. These results informed an in-depth investigation of observed and expected mortality patterns based on sociodemographic measures. Methods We estimated all-cause mortality by age, sex, geography, and year using an improved analytical approach originally developed for GBD 2013 and GBD 2010. Improvements included refinements to the estimation of child …

Global, Regional, And National Incidence, Prevalence, And Years Lived With Disability For 310 Diseases And Injuries, 1990-2015: A Systematic Analysis For The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2015, T Vos, C Allen, M Arora, R Barber, Z Bhutta, A Brown, A Carter, D Casey, Sahil Khera, M Tavakkoli, Gbd 2015 Disease And Injury Incidence And Prevalence Collaborators

NYMC Faculty Publications

Background Non-fatal outcomes of disease and injury increasingly detract from the ability of the world's population to live in full health, a trend largely attributable to an epidemiological transition in many countries from causes affecting children, to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) more common in adults. For the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 2015), we estimated the incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for diseases and injuries at the global, regional, and national scale over the period of 1990 to 2015. Methods We estimated incidence and prevalence by age, sex, cause, year, and geography with …

The Beta-1-Receptor Blocker Nebivolol Elicits Dilation Of Cerebral Arteries By Reducing Smooth Muscle [Ca2+]I, Peter Cseplo, Zoltan Vamos, Ivan Ivic, Orsolya Torok, Attila Toth, Akos Koller

NYMC Faculty Publications

RATIONALE: Nebivolol is known to have beta-1 blocker activity, but it was also suggested that it elicits relaxation of the peripheral arteries in part via release of nitric oxide (NO). However, the effect of nebivolol on the vasomotor tone of cerebral arteries is still unclear.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of nebivolol on the diameter of isolated rat basilar arteries (BA) in control, in the presence of inhibitors of vasomotor signaling pathways of know action and hemolysed blood.

METHODS AND RESULTS: Vasomotor responses were measured by videomicroscopy and the intracellular Ca2+ by the Fura-2 AM ratiometric method. Under control conditions, …

Attenuation Of Na/K-Atpase Mediated Oxidant Amplification With Pnaktide Ameliorates Experimental Uremic Cardiomyopathy, Jiang Liu, Jiang Tian, Muhammad Chaudhry, Nader G. Abraham, Joseph Shapiro

NYMC Faculty Publications

We have previously reported that the sodium potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na/K-ATPase) can effect the amplification of reactive oxygen species. In this study, we examined whether attenuation of oxidant stress by antagonism of Na/K-ATPase oxidant amplification might ameliorate experimental uremic cardiomyopathy induced by partial nephrectomy (PNx). PNx induced the development of cardiac morphological and biochemical changes consistent with human uremic cardiomyopathy. Both inhibition of Na/K-ATPase oxidant amplification with pNaKtide and induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) with cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP) markedly attenuated the development of phenotypical features of uremic cardiomyopathy. In a reversal study, administration of pNaKtide after the induction of uremic …

Florecimiento De Algas Nocivas (Fans), Ecosistemas Marinos Y La Salud Humana En La Patagonia Chilena [Harmful Algal Blooms (Habs), Marine Ecosystems And Human Health In The Chilean Patagonia], Felipe C. Cabello, Henry P. Godfrey

NYMC Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Omic Paradigms Enhance Interface Between Periodontitis Pathogenesis And Metabolic Disorder, Hong-Duck Kim, Kiran Naiyeam, Jae-Hyeon Cho, Diane E. Heck

NYMC Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Longer-Term Therapy For Symptoms Attributed To Lyme Disease, Gary P. Wormser

NYMC Faculty Publications

Comment on

• Randomized Trial of Longer-Term Therapy for Symptoms Attributed to Lyme Disease. [N Engl J Med. 2016]

Prevalence And Determinants Of Metabolic Syndrome In Qatar: Results From A National Health Survey, Mohamed Al-Thani, Al Anoud M. Al-Thani, Sohaila Cheema, Javaid Sheikh, Ravinder Mamtani, Albert B. Lowenfels, Walaa F. Al-Chetachi, Badria Almalki, Shamseldin A. Hassan Khalifa, Ahmad O. Haj Bakri, Patrick Maisonneuve

NYMC Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVES: To determine optimum measurements for abdominal obesity and to assess the prevalence and determinants of metabolic syndrome in Qatar.

DESIGN: National health survey.

SETTING: Qatar National STEPwise Survey conducted by the Supreme Council of Health during 2012.

PARTICIPANTS: 2496 Qatari citizens aged 18-64 representative of the general population.

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Measure of obesity (body mass index, waist circumference or waist-to-height ratio) that best identified the presence of at least 2 other factors of metabolic syndrome; cut-off values of waist circumference; frequency of metabolic syndrome.

RESULTS: Waist circumference ≥102 for men and ≥94 cm for women was …

Cyp2c44 Gene Disruption Exacerbated Pulmonary Hypertension And Heart Failure In Female But Not Male Mice, Sachindra R. Joshi, Anand Lakhkar, Vidhi Dhagia, Ariadne Zias, Vasiliki Soldatos, Kaori Oshima, Houli Jiang, Katherine Gotlinger, Jorge H Capdevila, Michal L. Schwartzman, Ivan F. Mcmurtry, Sachin A. Gupte

NYMC Faculty Publications

Epoxyeicosatrienoicacids (EETs), synthesized from arachidonic acid by epoxygenases of the CYP2C and CYP2J gene subfamilies, contribute to hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) in mice. Despite their roles in HPV, it is controversial whether EETs mediate or ameliorate pulmonary hypertension (PH). A recent study showed that deficiency of Cyp2j did not protect male and female mice from hypoxia-induced PH. Since CYP2C44 is a functionally important epoxygenase, we hypothesized that knockout of the Cyp2c44 gene would protect both sexes of mice from hypoxia-induced PH. We tested this hypothesis in wild-type (WT) and Cyp2c44 knockout (Cyp2c44 (-/-)) mice exposed to normoxia (room air) and …

221 Newborn-Screened Neonates With Medium-Chain Acyl-Coenzyme A Dehydrogenase Deficiency: Findings From The Inborn Errors Of Metabolism Collaborative, K Bentler, S Zhai, S Elsbecker, G Arnold, B Burton, J Vockley, C Cameron, S Hiner, M Edick, S Berry, J Thomas, M Dodge, R Singh, S Lakshman, David Kronn, Inborn Errors Of Metabolism Collaborative

NYMC Faculty Publications

Introduction: There is limited understanding of relationships between genotype, phenotype and other conditions contributing to health in neonates with medium-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD) identified through newborn screening. Methods: Retrospective analysis of comprehensive data from a cohort of 221 newborn-screened subjects identified as affected with MCADD in the Inborn Errors of Metabolism-Information System (IBEM-IS), a long term follow-up database of the Inborn Errors of Metabolism Collaborative, was performed. Results: The average age at notification of first newborn screen results to primary care or metabolic providers was 7.45 days. The average octanoylcamitine (C8) value on first newborn screen was 11.2 …

Extramedullary Hematopoiesis Presented As Cytopenia And Massive Paraspinal Masses Leading To Cord Compression In A Patient With Hereditary Persistence Of Fetal Hemoglobin, Tasleem Katchi, Krishna Kolandaivel, Pallavi Khattar, Taliya Farooq, Humayun Islam, Delong Liu

NYMC Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Extramedullary hematopoeisis (EMH) can occur in various physiological and pathologic states. The spleen is the most common site of EMH.

CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case with hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin with extramedullary hematopoiesis presented as cord compression and cytopenia secondary to multi-paraspinal masses.

CONCLUSION: Treatment can be a challenge. Relapse is a possibility.

Characteristics Of Binge Eating Disorder In Relation To Diagnostic Criteria, Denise Wilfley, Leslie Citrome, Barry Herman

NYMC Faculty Publications

The objective of this review was to examine the evidentiary basis for binge eating disorder (BED) with reference to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Fifth Edition (DSM-5) diagnostic criteria for BED. A PubMed search restricted to titles and abstracts of English-language reviews, meta-analyses, clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, journal articles, and letters using human participants was conducted on August 7, 2015, using keywords that included "binge eating disorder," DSM-5, DSM-IV, guilt, shame, embarrassment, quantity, psychological, behavior, and "shape and weight concerns." Of the 257 retrieved publications, 60 publications were considered relevant to discussions related to DSM-5 …

Colorectal Cancer On The Decline, Albert B. Lowenfels, Patrick Maisonneuve, Ravinder Mamtani

NYMC Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Epidemiological And Virological Characterization Of Influenza B Virus Infections, Sivan Sharabi, Yaron Drori, Michal Micheli, Nehemya Friedman, Aharona Glatman-Freedman, Michal Mandelboim

NYMC Faculty Publications

While influenza A viruses comprise a heterogeneous group of clinically relevant influenza viruses, influenza B viruses form a more homogeneous cluster, divided mainly into two lineages: Victoria and Yamagata. This divergence has complicated seasonal influenza vaccine design, which traditionally contained two seasonal influenza A virus strains and one influenza B virus strain. We examined the distribution of the two influenza B virus lineages in Israel, between 2011-2014, in hospitalized and in non-hospitalized (community) influenza B virus-infected patients. We showed that influenza B virus infections can lead to hospitalization and demonstrated that during some winter seasons, both influenza B virus lineages …

Interleukin-6 Increases Matrix Metalloproteinase-14 (Mmp-14) Levels Via Down-Regulation Of P53 To Drive Cancer Progression, Jillian Cathcart, Anna Banach, Alice Liu, Jun Chen, Michael S. Goligorsky, Jian Cao

NYMC Faculty Publications

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play critical roles in cancer invasion and metastasis by digesting basement membrane and extracellular matrix (ECM). Much attention has focused on the enzymatic activities of MMPs; however, the regulatory mechanism of MMP expression remains elusive. By employing bioinformatics analysis, we identified a potential p53 response element within the MMP-14 promoter. Experimentally, we found that p53 can repress MMP-14 promoter activity, whereas deletion of this p53 response element abrogated this effect. Furthermore, we found that p53 expression decreases MMP-14 mRNA and protein levels and attenuates MMP-14-mediated cellular functions. Additional promoter analysis and chromatin immunoprecipitation studies identified a mechanism …

Schizophrenia Relapse, Patient Considerations, And Potential Role Of Lurasidone, Leslie L. Citrome

NYMC Faculty Publications

When treating persons with schizophrenia, delaying time to relapse is a main goal. Antipsychotic medication has been the primary treatment approach, and there are a variety of different choices available. Lurasidone is a second-generation (atypical) antipsychotic agent that is approved for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar depression. Three long-term studies of lurasidone have examined time to relapse in persons with schizophrenia, including a classic placebo-controlled randomized withdrawal study and two 12-month active comparator studies (vs risperidone and vs quetiapine extended-release). Lurasidone 40-80 mg/d evidenced superiority over placebo (number needed to treat [NNT] vs placebo for relapse, 9). Lurasidone 40-160 …

Changes In Urinary Bisphenol A Concentrations Associated With Placement Of Dental Composite Restorations In Children And Adolescents, Nancy Maserejian, Felicia L Trachtenberg, Olivia Brown Wheaton, Antonia M Calafat, Gayatri Ranganathan, Hae-Young Kim, Russ Hauser

NYMC Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (bis-GMA)-based dental composite restorations may release bisphenol A (BPA). The authors assessed changes in urinary BPA concentrations over a 6-month follow-up period in children and adolescents who received bis-GMA-based restorations.

METHODS: The authors collected data from 91 study participants aged 3 to 17 years who needed composite restorations. Participants provided urine samples and information on BPA-related exposures before and at approximately 1 day, 14 days, and 6 months after treatment. The authors used multivariable linear regression models to test associations between the number of surface restorations placed and the changes in urinary BPA concentrations.

RESULTS: Participants …

Sweetening Of Glutamine Metabolism In Cancer Cells By Rho Gtpases Through Convergence Of Multiple Oncogenic Signaling Pathways, Thambi Dorai, John T. Pinto, Arthur J. L. Cooper

NYMC Faculty Publications

Comment on: Lukey MJ, Greene KS, Erickson JW, et al. The oncogenic transcription factor c-Jun regulates glutaminase expression and sensitizes cells to glutaminase-targeted therapy. Nat Commun 2016;7:11321.

Feeding/Swallowing Disorders: Maintaining Quality Of Life In Persons With Intellectual Disability, Luis Riquelme, Rebecca Benjamin, Hannah Tahhan, Gracelynn Sandoval, Naga Alomari, Alexandra Soyfer

NYMC Faculty Publications

Persons with intellectual disability (ID) have received little attention in systematic studies of healthcare and quality of life. Less attention has been provided to specific disorders, such as those impacting the swallowing mechanism. In comparison to the general population, persons with ID experience noticeably greater healthcare inequalities and despite greater life expectancy, it is still lower than the general population. This paper serves as an introduction to healthcare colleagues regarding the risks involved in choking and swallowing disorders in persons with ID, how to evaluate these potential risks and possible treatments. Associated etiologies are presented. A discussion on feeding disorders …

Selective Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors-Induced Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, Rahul Vasudev, Upamanyu Rampal, Hiten Patel, Kunal Patel, Mahesh Bikkina, Fayez Shamoon

NYMC Faculty Publications

CONTEXT: Takotsubo translates to "octopus pot" in Japanese. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) is characterized by a transient regional systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle. Catecholamine excess is the one most studied and favored theories explaining the pathophysiology of TTC.

CASE REPORT: We present the case of a 52-year-old Hispanic female admitted for venlafaxine-induced TTC with a review literature on all the cases of Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI)-associated TTC published so far.

CONCLUSION: SNRI inhibit the reuptake of catecholamines into the presynaptic neuron, resulting in a net gain in the concentration of epinephrine and serotonin in the neuronal synapses and causing iatrogenic …

Cell Therapy Must Be Regulated As Medicine, Zihai Li, Delong Liu

NYMC Faculty Publications

Background

The current standard of care for relapsed and refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is combination chemotherapy.

Case presentation

We report a case of highly refractory ALL who was treated with blinatumomab. The ALL in this patient relapsed within a month after completion of hyperCVAD regimen and was refractory to high dose mitoxantrone/cytarabine and CLAG regimens.

Conclusion This highly refractory pre-B Ph− ALL was induced to complete remission after one course of single agent blinatumomab.

Complete Remission After Single Agent Blinatumomab In A Patient With Pre-B Acute Lymphoid Leukemia Relapsed And Refractory To Three Prior Regimens: Hypercvad, High Dose Cytarabine Mitoxantrone And Clag, Katherine Linder, Deepthi Gandhiraj, Madhura Hanmantgad, Karen Seiter, Delong Liu

NYMC Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The current standard of care for relapsed and refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is combination chemotherapy.

CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of highly refractory ALL who was treated with blinatumomab. The ALL in this patient relapsed within a month after completion of hyperCVAD regimen and was refractory to high dose mitoxantrone/cytarabine and CLAG regimens.

CONCLUSION: This highly refractory pre-B Ph(-) ALL was induced to complete remission after one course of single agent blinatumomab.

Antimicrobials: A Global Alliance For Optimizing Their Rational Use In Intra-Abdominal Infections (Agora), M Sartelli, D Weber, E Ruppe, M Bassetti, B Wright, L Ansaloni, F Catena, F Coccolini, Rifat Latifi, T Zakrison, A Corcione, R Melotti, C Viscoli, P Viale

NYMC Faculty Publications

Intra-abdominal infections (IAI) are an important cause of morbidity and are frequently associated with poor prognosis, particularly in high-risk patients. The cornerstones in the management of complicated IAIs are timely effective source control with appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Empiric antimicrobial therapy is important in the management of intra-abdominal infections and must be broad enough to cover all likely organisms because inappropriate initial antimicrobial therapy is associated with poor patient outcomes and the development of bacterial resistance. The overuse of antimicrobials is widely accepted as a major driver of some emerging infections (such as C. difficile), the selection of resistant pathogens in …

Effects Of Quercetin On Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Controlled Trials, Maria-Corina Serban, Alberto Zanchetti, George Howard, Diana Antal, Wilbert S. Aronow, Lipid And Blood Pressure Meta-Analysis Collaboration (Lbpmc) Group

NYMC Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Quercetin, the most abundant dietary flavonol, has antioxidant effects in cardiovascular disease, but the evidence regarding its effects on blood pressure (BP) has not been conclusive. We assessed the impact of quercetin on BP through a systematic review and meta-analysis of available randomized controlled trials.

METHODS AND RESULTS: We searched PUBMED, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and EMBASE up to January 31, 2015 to identify placebo-controlled randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of quercetin on BP. Meta-analysis was performed using either a fixed-effects or random-effect model according to I(2) statistic. Effect size was expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% …

The Genetic Landscape Of Dural Marginal Zone Lymphomas, Karthik A. Ganapathi, Vaidehi Jobanputra, Fabio Iwamoto, Pallavi Khattar, Elaine S. Jaffe, Mahesh M. Mansukhani, Govind Bhagat

NYMC Faculty Publications

The dura is a rare site of involvement by marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) and the biology of dural MZL is not well understood. We performed genome-wide DNA copy number and targeted mutational analysis of 14 dural MZL to determine the genetic landscape of this entity. Monoallelic and biallelic inactivation of TNFAIP3 by mutation (n=5) or loss (n=1) was observed in 6/9 (67%) dural MZL exhibiting plasmacytic differentiation, including 3 IgG4+ cases. In contrast, activating NOTCH2 mutations were detected in 4/5 (80%) dural MZL displaying variable monocytoid morphology. Inactivating TBL1XR1 mutations were identified in all NOTCH2 mutated cases. Recurrent mutations in …

Successful Treatment Of Ibrutinib-Associated Central Nervous System Hemorrhage With Platelet Transfusion Support, Karen Seiter, Michael Stiefel, Azfar Shaikh, Nasir Ahmed, Paul Baskind, Delong Liu

NYMC Faculty Publications

Ibrutinib is a novel targeted therapy for B-cell malignancies. Hemorrhagic events were reported in the original trials, however the mechanism of bleeding is just being elucidated. Recent studies have demonstrated platelet dysfunction as a mechanism of bleeding. Currently we report two patients who developed life-threatening central nervous system hemorrhage while receiving ibrutinib for chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL) and mantle cell lymphoma, respectively. Both patients improved rapidly after platelet transfusions even though their platelet counts were normal or only mildly reduced at the time of hemorrhage. We suggest that platelet transfusions can ameliorate the platelet dysfunction defect of ibrutinib and can …

Ethics, Drugs And Rock And Roll: On The Integration Of Bioethics Into The Entrepreneurial Life, Angela Rossetti

NYMC Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Sexually Dimorphic Adaptation Of Cardiac Function: Roles Of Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid And Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors, Jun Qin, Yicong Le, Ghezal Froogh, Sharath Kandhi, Houli Jiang, Dong Sun, An Huang

NYMC Faculty Publications

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are cardioprotective mediators metabolized by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to form corresponding diols (DHETs). As a sex-susceptible target, sEH is involved in the sexually dimorphic regulation of cardiovascular function. Thus, we hypothesized that the female sex favors EET-mediated potentiation of cardiac function via downregulation of sEH expression, followed by upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). Hearts were isolated from male (M) and female (F) wild-type (WT) and sEH-KO mice, and perfused with constant flow at different preloads. Basal coronary flow required to maintain the perfusion pressure at 100 mmHg was significantly greater in females than males, and …