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Antisecretory And Analgesic Activities Of Terminalia Bellerica, Arif-Ullah Khan, Anwar Hassan Gilani

Anwar Gilani

This study describes the antisecretory and analgesic activities of the crude extract of Terminalia bellerica (Tb.Cr). T. bellerica extract inhibited the castor oil-induced intestinal fluid secretion in mice at the dose range of 300 - 1000 mg/kg. The extract also dose-dependently (50 - 100 mg/kg) reduced the numbers of acetic acid-mediated writhes in mice. These results indicate that T. bellerica exhibit antisecretory and anti-nociceptive effects, hence justifying its medicinal use in diarrhea and pain.

Antispasmodic And Ca++ Antagonist Potential Of Marrubiin, A Labdane Type Diterpene From Phlomis Bracteosa, Javid Hussain, Riaz Ullah, Arif-Ullah Khan, Fazal Mabood, Mohammad Raza Shah, Ahmed Al-Harrasi, Anwar Gilani

Anwar Gilani

A tricyclic labdane type diterpene was isolated for the first time from ethyl acetate soluble part of Phlomis bracteosa. Its structure was confirmed by x-ray which was found to be marrubiin. When studied in isolated rabbit jejunum, marrubiin caused concentration-dependent relaxation of spontaneous and high K+ (80 mM)-induced contractions, like that caused by verapamil, indicating that marrubiin exhibits spasmolytic activity, possibly mediated through Ca++ channel blocking action.

An In Vivo Study On The Diuretic Activity Of Holarrhena Antidysenterica, Aslam Khan, Samra Bashir, Anwar Hassan Gilani

Anwar Gilani

Holarrhena antidysenterica is used as diuretic in traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the crude extract of H. antidysentrica seeds (Ha.Cr) and its fractions, n-hexane (Ha.Hx), n-butanol (Ha.Bu) and aqueous (Ha.Aq), for their diuretic effect in Wistar rats and to investigate whether the activity is concentrated in any of the fractions. Wistar rats kept on fasting for 24 h with water ad labium, divided into normal, positive control and treated groups were orally given normal saline (20 ml/kg), hydrochlorothiazide (HCT; 10 mg/kg) and different doses of the plant material, respectively. Immediately after dosing, the rats were …

Over Prescription Of Antibiotics For Adult Pharyngitis Is Prevalent In Developing Countries But Can Be Reduced Using Mcisaac Modification Of Centor Scores: A Cross-Sectional Study., Amber Hanif Palla, Rafeeq Alam Khan, Anwar H. Gilani, Fawziah Marra

Anwar Gilani

Background

Although Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus (GABHS) can cause bacterial pharyngitis, the most common etiology is viral; despite this viral etiology, antibiotics are commonly prescribed for this infection in industrialized countries. We investigated the prevalence of GABHS in adult pharyngitis patients from lower socioeconomic settings in Karachi, Pakistan, how often antibiotics are prescribed for pharyngitis and if appropriate agents were used in a developing world setting. Finally, we wanted to see the usefulness of modified McIsaac scores in predicting positive cultures.

Methods

Adult patients were recruited from three local hospital outpatient dispensaries (OPDs). All patients aged 14–65 years who …

Antispasmodic, Bronchodilator And Blood Pressure Lowering Properties Of Hypericum Oblongifolium - Possible Mechanism Of Action, Arif-Ullah Khan, Munasib Khan, Fazal Subhan, Anwar Gilani

Anwar Gilani

The crude extract of Hypericum oblongifolium (Ho.Cr), which tested positive for flavonoids, saponins and tannins caused concentration-dependent (0.1-1.0 mg/mL) relaxation of spontaneous and high K(+) (80 mM)-induced contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum preparations, suggesting a Ca(++) antagonistic effect, which was confirmed when pretreatment of the tissue with Ho.Cr produced a rightward shift in the Ca(++) concentration-response curves, like that caused by verapamil. Ho.Cr relaxed carbachol (1 mu M) and high K(+)-induced contractions in guinea pig tracheal preparations. It caused a dose-dependent (3-100 mg/kg) fall in arterial blood pressure of rats under anesthesia. In isolated guinea pig atria, Ho.Cr caused inhibition …