Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Evaluating The Implementation Of The Switch® School Wellness Intervention And Capacity-Building Process Through Multiple Methods, Gabriella M Mcloughlin, Priscila Candal, Spyridoula Vazou, Joey A Lee, David A Dzewaltowski, Richard R Rosenkranz, Lorraine Lanningham-Foster, Douglas A Gentile, Laura Liechty, Senlin Chen, Gregory J Welk

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: School wellness programming is important for promoting healthy lifestyles and academic achievement in youth; however, research is needed on methods that can help schools implement and sustain such programs on their own. The purpose of this study was to investigate factors within and outside the school environment that influenced school capacity for implementation and potential sustainability of wellness programming.

METHODS: As part of the School Wellness Integration Targeting Child Health (SWITCH®) intervention, elementary school wellness teams (N = 30) were guided through a capacity-building process focused on promoting the adoption of healthy lifestyle behaviors in students. Data on implementation …

Global Hypermethylation Of Intestinal Epithelial Cells Is A Hallmark Feature Of Neonatal Surgical Necrotizing Enterocolitis, Misty Good, Tianjiao Chu, Patricia Shaw, Lora Mcclain, Austin Chamberlain, Carlos Castro, Jamie M Rimer, Belgacem Mihi, Qingqing Gong, Lila S Nolan, Krista Cooksey, Laura Linneman, Pranjal Agrawal, David N Finegold, David Peters

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains one of the overall leading causes of death in premature infants, and the pathogenesis is unpredictable and not well characterized. The aim of our study was to determine the molecular phenotype of NEC via transcriptomic and epithelial cell-specific epigenomic analysis, with a specific focus on DNA methylation.

METHODS: Using laser capture microdissection, epithelial cell-specific methylation signatures were characterized by whole-genome bisulfite sequencing of ileal and colonic samples at the time of surgery for NEC and after NEC had healed at reanastomosis (n = 40). RNA sequencing was also performed to determine the transcriptomic profile of …

Perspectives Of Scientists On Disseminating Research Findings To Non-Research Audiences, Demetria M Mcneal, Russell E Glasgow, Ross C Brownson, Daniel D Matlock, Pamela N Peterson, Stacie L Daugherty, Christopher E Knoepke

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Little is known about practices used to disseminate findings to non-research, practitioner audiences. This study describes the perspectives, experience and activities of dissemination & implementation (D&I) scientists around disseminating their research findings.

METHODS: The study explored D&I scientists' experiences and recommendations for assessment of dissemination activities to non-research audiences. Existing list serves were used to recruit scientists. Respondents were asked three open-ended questions on an Internet survey about dissemination activities, recommendations for changing evaluation systems and suggestions to improve their own dissemination of their work.

RESULTS: Surveys were completed by 159 scientists reporting some training, funding and/or publication history …

Roxadustat For Ckd-Related Anemia In Non-Dialysis Patients, Daniel W Coyne, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Roxadustat is an oral hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor that stimulates erythropoiesis and improves iron metabolism. We assessed the efficacy and tolerability of roxadustat in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD)-related anemia not on dialysis.

METHODS: ANDES was a global Phase 3 randomized study in which adults with stage 3-5 CKD not on dialysis received roxadustat or placebo. Patients were initially dosed thrice weekly; dose was titrated to achieve a hemoglobin level ≥11.0 g/dl, followed by titration for maintenance. The primary endpoints were change in hemoglobin (weeks 28-52) and proportion of patients achieving a hemoglobin response (hemoglobin ≥11.0 g/dl …

Approaches To Aggressive B-Cell Lymphomas In Less Fit Patients, Nancy L Bartlett

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Treating unfit patients with aggressive B-cell lymphoma poses the dilemma of balancing potential cure while minimizing toxicity because of frailty and comorbidities. Age greater than 80 years and common comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease and poorly controlled diabetes mellitus often preclude the use of full-dose anthracyclines and steroids, the backbones of standard regimens for aggressive B-cell lymphomas. Assessing patient fitness remains subjective, with no consensus on best practice or how to integrate assessment tools into decision making. Incorporation of prephase steroids for all unfit patients may markedly improve performance status with consideration of standard dose therapy, especially in patients less …

Comparing The Effects Of Hiv Self-Testing To Standard Hiv Testing For Key Populations: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, T Charles Witzel, Ingrid Eshun-Wilson, Muhammad S Jamil, Nerissa Tilouche, Carmen Figueroa, Cheryl C Johnson, David Reid, Rachel Baggaley, Nandi Siegfried, Fiona M Burns, Alison J Rodger, Peter Weatherburn

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: We update a previous systematic review to inform new World Health Organization HIV self-testing (HIVST) recommendations. We compared the effects of HIVST to standard HIV testing services to understand which service delivery models are effective for key populations.

METHODS: We did a systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) which compared HIVST to standard HIV testing in key populations, published from 1 January 2006 to 4 June 2019 in PubMed, Embase, Global Index Medicus, Social Policy and Practice, PsycINFO, Health Management Information Consortium, EBSCO CINAHL Plus, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. We extracted study characteristic and outcome data …

Cardiac Biomarkers During Cancer Therapy: Practical Applications For Cardio-Oncology, Jose A Alvarez-Cardona, Kathleen W Zhang, Joshua D Mitchell, Vlad G Zaha, Michael J Fisch, Daniel J Lenihan

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Uncorrected Mild Aortic Insufficiency At The Time Of Left Ventricular Assist Device Implantation, Yuki Tanaka, Tomohiro Nakajima, Irene Fischer, Fei Wan, Kunal Kotkar, Marc R Moon, Ralph J Damiano Jr, Muhammad F Masood, Akinobu Itoh

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: The study objective was to investigate the progression of uncorrected mild aortic insufficiency and its impact on survival and functional status after left ventricular assist device implantation.

METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 694 consecutive patients who underwent implantation of a continuous-flow left ventricular assist device between January 2006 and March 2018. Pre-left ventricular assist device transthoracic echocardiography identified 111 patients with mild aortic insufficiency and 493 patients with trace or no aortic insufficiency. To adjust for differences in preoperative factors, propensity score matching was used, resulting in 101 matched patients in each of the mild aortic insufficiency and no aortic …

A Large-Scale Genome-Wide Association Study Meta-Analysis Of Cannabis Use Disorder, Emma C Johnson, Alexander S Hatoum, June He, Kathleen K Bucholz, Louis Fox, Sarah M Hartz, John P Rice, Nancy L Saccone, Laura J Bierut, Richard A Grucza, Andrew C Heath, Pamela A F Madden, Elliot C Nelson, Arpana Agrawal, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Variation in liability to cannabis use disorder has a strong genetic component (estimated twin and family heritability about 50-70%) and is associated with negative outcomes, including increased risk of psychopathology. The aim of the study was to conduct a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify novel genetic variants associated with cannabis use disorder.

METHODS: To conduct this GWAS meta-analysis of cannabis use disorder and identify associations with genetic loci, we used samples from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Substance Use Disorders working group, iPSYCH, and deCODE (20 916 case samples, 363 116 control samples in total), contrasting cannabis use …

Lower Survival After Coronary Artery Bypass In Patients Who Had Atrial Fibrillation Missed By Widely Used Definitions, Giovanni Filardo, Benjamin D Pollock, Briget Da Graca, Danielle M Sass, Teresa K Phan, Debbie E Montenegro, Gorav Ailawadi, Vinod H Thourani, Ralph J Damiano Jr

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of limiting the definition of post-coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) atrial fibrillation (AF) to AF/flutter requiring treatment-as in the Society of Thoracic Surgeons' (STS) database- on the association with survival.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: We assessed in-hospital incidence of post-CABG AF in 7110 consecutive isolated patients with CABG without preoperative AF at 4 hospitals (January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2010). Patients with ≥1 episode of post-CABG AF detected via continuous in-hospital electrocardiogram (ECG)/telemetry monitoring documented by physicians were assigned to the following: Group 1, identified as having post-CABG AF in STS data and Group 2, …

International Council For Standardization In Haematology (Icsh) Recommendations For Laboratory Measurement Of Adamts13, Ian Mackie, Ilaria Mancini, Joshua Muia, Johanna Kremer Hovinga, Sukesh Nair, Sam Machin, Ross Baker

2020-Current year OA Pubs

This guidance document was prepared on behalf of the International Council for Standardization in Haematology (ICSH), by the ADAMTS13 Assay Working Group, which comprises an international group of both clinical and laboratory experts. The document provides recommendations on best practice for the performance of ADAMTS13 assays in clinical laboratories. ADAMTS13 assays support the differential diagnosis of thrombotic microangiopathies and have utility in the management of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). There are three types of assay: activity, antigen and autoantibody/inhibitor assays. Methods for activity assays differ in terms of sensitivity, specificity, precision and turnaround time. The most widely used assays involve …

Diagnostic Concordance Of Clinical Diagnosis, Tissue Culture, And Histopathology Testing For Skin And Soft Tissue Infections: A Single-Center Retrospective Study, Christina M Herbosa, Trisha S Bhat, Yevgeniy R Semenov, Ilana S Rosman, Amy C Musiek

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Tissue culture and histopathology are the conventional diagnostic modalities for skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), but few studies have investigated their concordance.

OBJECTIVE: Determine concordance between histopathology and tissue culture in the diagnosis of suspected SSTIs.

METHODS: Single-center retrospective study of 355 cases with suspected SSTIs identified from the dermatology inpatient consultation log January 2014-July 2017.

RESULTS: Overall concordance between histopathology testing and tissue culture results was high (76.1%). Concordance was high for cases defined as no evidence of infection, fungal infection and mycobacterial infection by histopathology (77.8%, 74.2%, and 80.0%) and tissue culture (92.1%, 67.7%, and 83.3%). …

Antibody Profiling Of Patients With Prostate Cancer Reveals Differences In Antibody Signatures Among Disease Stages, Hemanth K Potluri, Tun Lee Ng, Michael A Newton, Jin Zhang, Christopher A Maher, Peter S Nelson, Douglas G Mcneel

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Previous studies of prostate cancer autoantibodies have largely focused on diagnostic applications. So far, there have been no reports attempting to more comprehensively profile the landscape of prostate cancer-associated antibodies. Specifically, it is unknown whether the quantity of antibodies or the types of proteins recognized change with disease progression.

METHODS: A peptide microarray spanning the amino acid sequences of the gene products of 1611 prostate cancer-associated genes was synthesized. Serum samples from healthy male volunteers (n=15) and patients with prostate cancer (n=85) were used to probe the array. These samples included patients with various clinical stages of disease: newly …

A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial Evaluating Effects Of Lebrikizumab On Airway Eosinophilic Inflammation And Remodelling In Uncontrolled Asthma (Clavier), Cary D Austin, Kaharu Sumino, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The anti-interleukin 13 (IL-13) monoclonal antibody lebrikizumab improves lung function in patients with moderate-to-severe uncontrolled asthma, but its effects on airway inflammation and remodelling are unknown. CLAVIER was designed to assess lebrikizumab's effect on eosinophilic inflammation and remodelling.

OBJECTIVE: To report safety and efficacy results from enrolled participants with available data from CLAVIER.

METHODS: We performed bronchoscopy on patients with uncontrolled asthma before and after 12 weeks of randomized double-blinded treatment with lebrikizumab (n = 31) or placebo (n = 33). The pre-specified primary end-point was relative change in airway subepithelial eosinophils per mm

RESULTS: There was a baseline …

Sequence Analysis In Bos Taurus Reveals Pervasiveness Of X-Y Arms Races In Mammalian Lineages, Jennifer F Hughes, Colin Kremitzki, Catrina Fronick, Tina A Graves-Lindsay, Lucinda Fulton, Wesley C Warren, Richard K Wilson, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Studies of Y Chromosome evolution have focused primarily on gene decay, a consequence of suppression of crossing-over with the X Chromosome. Here, we provide evidence that suppression of X-Y crossing-over unleashed a second dynamic: selfish X-Y arms races that reshaped the sex chromosomes in mammals as different as cattle, mice, and men. Using super-resolution sequencing, we explore the Y Chromosome of

Spot The Difference: Comparing Results Of Analyses From Real Patient Data And Synthetic Derivatives, Randi E Foraker, Sean C Yu, Aditi Gupta, Andrew P Michelson, Jose A Pineda Soto, Ryan Colvin, Francis Loh, Marin H Kollef, Thomas Maddox, Bradley Evanoff, Hovav Dror, Noa Zamstein, Albert M Lai, Philip R O Payne

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Synthetic data may provide a solution to researchers who wish to generate and share data in support of precision healthcare. Recent advances in data synthesis enable the creation and analysis of synthetic derivatives as if they were the original data; this process has significant advantages over data deidentification.

OBJECTIVES: To assess a big-data platform with data-synthesizing capabilities (MDClone Ltd., Beer Sheva, Israel) for its ability to produce data that can be used for research purposes while obviating privacy and confidentiality concerns.

METHODS: We explored three use cases and tested the robustness of synthetic data by comparing the results of …

Acute Right Ventricular Dysfunction In A Critically Ill Patient With Covid-19, Chakradhar Venkata, Senthil Aruchamy, Jan Kasal

2020-Current year OA Pubs

• Right ventricular dysfunction is common in critically ill patients with COVID-19. • Echocardiography is crucial for diagnosing hemodynamic complications of COVID-19. • Pulmonary embolism and acute cor pulmonale can complicate SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Reducing Infant Catheterization In The Emergency Department Through Clean-Catch Urine Collection., Amanda E Mulcrone, Manas Parikh, Fahd A Ahmad

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Our emergency department (ED) traditionally relied on urethral catheterization to obtain urine cultures when evaluating infants for urinary tract infections (UTIs). Catheterization is associated with adverse effects, and recent studies have demonstrated clean-catch urine methods can be successfully used to obtain urine cultures. We pursued a quality improvement (QI) initiative aimed at decreasing the frequency of urethral catheterizations in our ED by using an established clean-catch technique to obtain infant urine cultures.

METHODS: We implemented a clean-catch urine collection method, which we entitled "Bladder Massage," for infants 0-6 months of age needing a urine culture in our ED. Exclusions …

Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide, And Dexamethasone Plus Transplant In Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma, Jagoda K Jasielec, Ravi Vij, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

In this phase 2 multicenter study, we evaluated the incorporation of autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) into a carfilzomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone (KRd) regimen for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). Transplant-eligible patients with NDMM received 4 cycles of KRd induction, ASCT, 4 cycles of KRd consolidation, and 10 cycles of KRd maintenance. The primary end point was rate of stringent complete response (sCR) after 8 cycles of KRd with a predefined threshold of ≥50% to support further study. Seventy-six patients were enrolled with a median age of 59 years (range, 40-76 years), and 35.5% had high-risk cytogenetics. The primary end point …

Altered Capicua Expression Drives Regional Purkinje Neuron Vulnerability Through Ion Channel Gene Dysregulation In Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1, Ravi Chopra, David D Bushart, John P Cooper, Dhananjay Yellajoshyula, Logan M Morrison, Haoran Huang, Hillary P Handler, Luke J Man, Warunee Dansithong, Daniel R Scoles, Stefan M Pulst, Harry T Orr, Vikram G Shakkottai

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Selective neuronal vulnerability in neurodegenerative disease is poorly understood. Using the ATXN1[82Q] model of spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1), we explored the hypothesis that regional differences in Purkinje neuron degeneration could provide novel insights into selective vulnerability. ATXN1[82Q] Purkinje neurons from the anterior cerebellum were found to degenerate earlier than those from the nodular zone, and this early degeneration was associated with selective dysregulation of ion channel transcripts and altered Purkinje neuron spiking. Efforts to understand the basis for selective dysregulation of channel transcripts revealed modestly increased expression of the ATXN1 co-repressor Capicua (Cic) in anterior cerebellar Purkinje neurons. Importantly, …

Central Nervous System Pathology In Preclinical Mps Iiib Dogs Reveals Progressive Changes In Clinically Relevant Brain Regions, Martin T Egeland, Marta M Tarczyluk-Wells, Melissa M Asmar, Evan G Adintori, Roger Lawrence, Elizabeth M Snella, Jackie K Jens, Brett E Crawford, Jill C M Wait, Emma Mccullagh, Jason Pinkstaff, Jonathan D Cooper, N Matthew Ellinwood

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Mucopolysaccharidosis type IIIB (MPS IIIB; Sanfilippo syndrome B) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by the deficiency of alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity, leading to increased levels of nondegraded heparan sulfate (HS). A mouse model has been useful to evaluate novel treatments for MPS IIIB, but has limitations. In this study, we evaluated the naturally occurring canine model of MPS IIIB for the onset and progression of biochemical and neuropathological changes during the preclinical stages (onset approximately 24-30 months of age) of canine MPS IIIB disease. Even by 1 month of age, MPS IIIB dogs had elevated HS levels in brain …

A Phase 1b Study Of Afm13 In Combination With Pembrolizumab In Patients With Relapsed Or Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma, Nancy L Bartlett, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

In relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (R/R HL), immunotherapies such as the anti-programmed death-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab have demonstrated efficacy as monotherapy and are playing an increasingly prominent role in treatment. The CD30/CD16A-bispecific antibody AFM13 is an innate immune cell engager, a first-in-class, tetravalent antibody, designed to create a bridge between CD30 on HL cells and the CD16A receptor on natural killer cells and macrophages, to induce tumor cell killing. Early studies of AFM13 have demonstrated signs of efficacy as monotherapy for patients with R/R HL and the combination of AFM13 with pembrolizumab represents a rational new treatment modality. Here, we describe a …

Functional Genomic Analyses Uncover Apoe-Mediated Regulation Of Brain And Cerebrospinal Fluid Beta-Amyloid Levels In Parkinson Disease, Laura Ibanez, Jorge A Bahena, Chengran Yang, Umber Dube, Fabiana H G Farias, John P Budde, Kristy Bergmann, Carol Brenner-Webster, John C Morris, Richard J Perrin, Nigel J Cairns, John O'Donnell, Rebecca Miller, Albert A Davis, Paul Kotzbauer, Meghan C Campbell, Joel S Perlmutter, Oscar Harari, Carlos Cruchaga, Bruno A Benitez, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Alpha-synuclein is the main protein component of Lewy bodies, the pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease. However, genetic modifiers of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) alpha-synuclein levels remain unknown. The use of CSF levels of amyloid beta

Anemocheck-Lrs: An Optimized, Color-Based Point-Of-Care Test To Identify Severe Anemia In Limited-Resource Settings, Marina S Perez-Plazola, Erika A Tyburski, Luke R Smart, Thad A Howard, Amanda Pfeiffer, Russell E Ware, Wilbur A Lam, Patrick T Mcgann

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Severe anemia is common and frequently fatal for hospitalized patients in limited-resource settings. Lack of access to low-cost, accurate, and rapid diagnosis of anemia impedes the delivery of life-saving care and appropriate use of the limited blood supply. The WHO Haemoglobin Colour Scale (HCS) is a simple low-cost test but frequently inaccurate. AnemoCheck-LRS (limited-resource settings) is a rapid, inexpensive, color-based point-of-care (POC) test optimized to diagnose severe anemia.

METHODS: Deidentified whole blood samples were diluted with plasma to create variable hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations, with most in the severe (≤ 7 g/dL) or profound (≤ 5 g/dL) anemia range. Each …

Non-Negative Data-Driven Mapping Of Structural Connections With Application To The Neonatal Brain, E Thompson, A R Mohammadi-Nejad, E C Robinson, J L R Andersson, S Jbabdi, M F Glasser, M Bastiani, S N Sotiropoulos

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Mapping connections in the neonatal brain can provide insight into the crucial early stages of neurodevelopment that shape brain organisation and lay the foundations for cognition and behaviour. Diffusion MRI and tractography provide unique opportunities for such explorations, through estimation of white matter bundles and brain connectivity. Atlas-based tractography protocols, i.e. a priori defined sets of masks and logical operations in a template space, have been commonly used in the adult brain to drive such explorations. However, rapid growth and maturation of the brain during early development make it challenging to ensure correspondence and validity of such atlas-based tractography approaches …

A Praziquantel Treatment Study Of Immune And Transcriptome Profiles In Schistosoma Haematobium-Infected Gabonese Schoolchildren, Lucja A Labuda, Ayola A Adegnika, Bruce A Rosa, John Martin, Ulysse Ateba-Ngoa, Abena Serwaa Amoah, Honorine Mbenkep Lima, Lynn Meurs, Moustapha Mbow, Mikhael D Manurung, Jeannot F Zinsou, Hermelijn H Smits, Peter G Kremsner, Makedonka Mitreva, Maria Yazdanbakhsh

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Although Schistosoma haematobium infection has been reported to be associated with alterations in immune function, in particular immune hyporesponsiveness, there have been only few studies that have used the approach of removing infection by drug treatment to establish this and to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms.

METHODS: Schistosoma haematobium-infected schoolchildren were studied before and after praziquantel treatment and compared with uninfected controls. Cellular responses were characterized by cytokine production and flow cytometry, and in a subset of children RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) transcriptome profiling was performed.

RESULTS: Removal of S haematobium infection resulted in increased schistosome-specific cytokine responses that were …

Antimicrobial Resistance In Enteric Bacteria: Current State And Next-Generation Solutions, M J Wallace, S R S Fishbein, G Dantas

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the largest threats to global health and imposes substantial burdens in terms of morbidity, mortality, and economic costs. The gut is a key conduit for the genesis and spread of antimicrobial resistance in enteric bacterial pathogens. Distinct bacterial species that cause enteric disease can exist as invasive enteropathogens that immediately evoke gastrointestinal distress, or pathobionts that can arise from established bacterial commensals to inflict dysbiosis and disease. Furthermore, various environmental reservoirs and stressors facilitate the evolution and transmission of resistance. In this review, we present a comprehensive discussion on circulating resistance profiles and gene mobilization …

Phosphodiesterase 5 (Pde5) Restricts Intracellular Cgmp Accumulation During Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli Infection, Jennifer Foulke-Abel, Huimin Yu, Laxmi Sunuwar, Ruxian Lin, James M Fleckenstein, James B Kaper, Mark Donowitz

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic

Genetics And Geography Of Leukocyte Telomere Length In Sub-Saharan Africans, Steven C Hunt, Michael A Province, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) might be causal in cardiovascular disease and major cancers. To elucidate the roles of genetics and geography in LTL variability across humans, we compared LTL measured in 1295 sub-Saharan Africans (SSAs) with 559 African-Americans (AAms) and 2464 European-Americans (EAms). LTL differed significantly across SSAs (P = 0.003), with the San from Botswana (with the oldest genomic ancestry) having the longest LTL and populations from Ethiopia having the shortest LTL. SSAs had significantly longer LTL than AAms [P = 6.5(e-16)] whose LTL was significantly longer than EAms [P = 2.5(e-7)]. Genetic variation in SSAs explained 52% of …

A Multisite Study Of A Breast Density Deep Learning Model For Full-Field Digital Mammography And Synthetic Mammography, Thomas P Matthews, Sadanand Singh, Brent Mombourquette, Jason Su, Meet P Shah, Stefano Pedemonte, Aaron Long, David Maffit, Jenny Gurney, Rodrigo Morales Hoil, Nikita Ghare, Douglas Smith, Stephen M Moore, Susan C Marks, Richard L Wahl

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: To develop a Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) breast density deep learning (DL) model in a multisite setting for synthetic two-dimensional mammographic (SM) images derived from digital breast tomosynthesis examinations by using full-field digital mammographic (FFDM) images and limited SM data.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A DL model was trained to predict BI-RADS breast density by using FFDM images acquired from 2008 to 2017 (site 1: 57 492 patients, 187 627 examinations, 750 752 images) for this retrospective study. The FFDM model was evaluated by using SM datasets from two institutions (site 1: 3842 patients, 3866 examinations, 14 …