Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Prevalence Estimates Of Trafficking In Persons Using Statistical Definitions: A Cross-Sectional High-Risk Community Survey In Cape Town, South Africa, Rumi Kato Price, Annah K Bender, Floriana H Milazzo, Edna G Rich, Nicolette V Roman, Sheldon X Zhang, Erica L Koegler

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVES: Current research on trafficking in persons (TIP) relies heavily on legal and prosecutorial definitions. A public health approach has called for population-level assessment; however, identification of TIP victims lacks a standardised operational definition. This study applied the Prevalence Reduction Innovation Forum (PRIF) statistical definitions, developed by the US Department of State, to a community survey in Cape Town, South Africa.

DESIGNS: A high-risk sampling strategy was used. TIP screening questions from two instruments were matched with PRIF domain indicators to generate prevalence estimates. Sensitivity, specificity and receiver operating characteristics analyses were conducted to assess the performance of the two …

The Subcortical And Neurochemical Organization Of The Ventral And Dorsal Attention Networks, Pedro Nascimento Alves, Stephanie J Forkel, Maurizio Corbetta, Michel Thiebaut De Schotten

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Attention is a core cognitive function that filters and selects behaviourally relevant information in the environment. The cortical mapping of attentional systems identified two segregated networks that mediate stimulus-driven and goal-driven processes, the Ventral and the Dorsal Attention Networks (VAN, DAN). Deep brain electrophysiological recordings, behavioral data from phylogenetic distant species, and observations from human brain pathologies challenge purely corticocentric models. Here, we used advanced methods of functional alignment applied to resting-state functional connectivity analyses to map the subcortical architecture of the Ventral and Dorsal Attention Networks. Our investigations revealed the involvement of the pulvinar, the superior colliculi, the head …

Covid-19 Alcoholic Cirrhosis And Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Cirrhosis Outcomes Among Hospitalized Patients In The United States: Insight From National Inpatient Sample Database, Devika Kapuria, Karthik Gangu, Prabal Chourasia, Aniesh Boba, Anthony Nguyen, Moon Ryu, Mark Peicher, Mario Flores, Harleen Kaur Chela, Ebubekir S Daglilar, Abu Baker Sheikh, Rahul Shekhar

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Patients with co-morbidities like cirrhosis are at risk of worse outcome from COVID-19 infection. Given limited prior studies, we evaluated outcomes associated with COVID-19 infection in alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis cirrhotic (CC+) versus cirrhotic without COVID-19 (CC-). We performed retrospective analysis of 822,604 patients including 28,610 COVID-19 patients from the National Inpatient Sample database with alcoholic and NASH cirrhosis enrolled between 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2020, with univariate and multivariate regression analyses. Primary outcome was mortality and secondary outcomes was mechanical ventilation, vasopressor use, length of stay, hospitalization expense and predictors of mortality. In-hospital mortality was three time …

Genetic Diversity Fuels Gene Discovery For Tobacco And Alcohol Use, Gretchen R B Saunders, Charles C Gu, John P Rice, Nancy L Saccone, Laura J Bierut, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Tobacco and alcohol use are heritable behaviours associated with 15% and 5.3% of worldwide deaths, respectively, due largely to broad increased risk for disease and injury

Acetyl-Coa-Mediated Autoacetylation Of Fatty Acid Synthase As A Metabolic Switch Of De Novo Lipogenesis In Drosophila, Ting Miao, Jinoh Kim, Ping Kang, Hideji Fujiwara, Fong-Fu Hsu, Hua Bai

2020-Current year OA Pubs

De novo lipogenesis is a highly regulated metabolic process, which is known to be activated through transcriptional regulation of lipogenic genes, including fatty acid synthase (FASN). Unexpectedly, we find that the expression of FASN protein remains unchanged during

Future Newborns With Opioid-Induced Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (Nas) Could Be Assessed With The Genetic Addiction Risk Severity (Gars) Test And Potentially Treated Using Precision Amino-Acid Enkephalinase Inhibition Therapy (Kb220) As A Frontline Modality Instead Of Potent Opioids, Mauro Ceccanti, Mark S Gold, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

In this nonsystematic review and opinion, including articles primarily selected from PubMed, we examine the pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in order to craft a reasonable opinion to help forge a paradigm shift in the treatment and prevention of primarily opioid-induced NAS. Newborns of individuals who use illicit and licit substances during pregnancy are at risk for withdrawal, also known as NAS. In the US, the reported prevalence of NAS has increased from 4.0 per 1000 hospital births in 2010 to 7.3 per 1000 hospital births in 2017, which is an 82% increase. The management of …

Impact Of International Travel And Diarrhea On Gut Microbiome And Resistome Dynamics, Manish Boolchandani, Kevin S Blake, Drake H Tilley, Miguel M Cabada, Drew J Schwartz, Sanket Patel, Maria Luisa Morales, Rina Meza, Giselle Soto, Sandra D Isidean, Chad K Porter, Mark P Simons, Gautam Dantas

2020-Current year OA Pubs

International travel contributes to the global spread of antimicrobial resistance. Travelers' diarrhea exacerbates the risk of acquiring multidrug-resistant organisms and can lead to persistent gastrointestinal disturbance post-travel. However, little is known about the impact of diarrhea on travelers' gut microbiomes, and the dynamics of these changes throughout travel. Here, we assembled a cohort of 159 international students visiting the Andean city of Cusco, Peru and applied next-generation sequencing techniques to 718 longitudinally-collected stool samples. We find that gut microbiome composition changed significantly throughout travel, but taxonomic diversity remained stable. However, diarrhea disrupted this stability and resulted in an increased abundance …

Tiktok Tourette's: Are We Witnessing A Rise In Functional Tic-Like Behavior Driven By Adolescent Social Media Use?, Jessica Frey, Kevin J. Black, Irene A Malaty

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Perceptions of Tourette syndrome (TS) and tic disorders are often driven by social media. During the COVID-19 pandemic, social media consumption greatly increased, particularly in the adolescent population. In parallel with increased social media consumption, there has also been an increase in tic severity and functional tic-like behavior (FTLB). Given that many of the tic videos posted on social media are misleading, perpetuate false beliefs about TS, or reinforce tic-like behaviors, there is increasing concern that these videos are driving the rapid increase in FTLBs. Several studies have reviewed newly presenting cases of FTLB and have found shared characteristics, including …

Symptom-Driven Inhaled Corticosteroid/Long-Acting Beta-Agonist Therapy For Adult Patients With Asthma Who Are Non-Adherent To Daily Maintenance Inhalers: A Study Protocol For A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial, James G Krings, Kaitlyn M Wojcik, Vanessa Chen, Tejas C Sekhar, Kelly Harris, Abigail Zulich, Kaharu Sumino, Ross Brownson, Eric Lenze, Mario Castro

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: While inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are considered the essential foundation of most asthma therapy, ICS inhaler nonadherence is a notoriously common problem and a significant cause of asthma-related morbidity. Partially acknowledging the problem of nonadherence, international organizations recently made paradigm-shifting recommendations that all patients with mild-to-moderate persistent asthma be considered for symptom-driven ICS-containing inhalers rather than relying on adherence to traditional maintenance ICS inhalers and symptom-driven short-acting beta-agonists (SABA). With this new approach, asthma patients are at least exposed to the important anti-inflammatory effects of ICS-containing inhalers when their symptom reliever inhaler is deployed due to acute symptoms.

METHODS: This …

Federated Learning Enables Big Data For Rare Cancer Boundary Detection, Sarthak Pati, Pamela Lamontagne, Daniel Marcus, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

The Polyamine Spermine Potentiates The Propagation Of Negatively Charged Molecules Through The Astrocytic Syncytium, Jan Benedikt, Christian J Malpica-Nieves, Yomarie Rivera, Miguel Méndez-González, Colin G Nichols, Rüdiger W Veh, Misty J Eaton, Serguei N Skatchkov

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The interest in astrocytes, the silent brain cells that accumulate polyamines (PAs), is growing. PAs exert anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidepressant, neuroprotective, and other beneficial effects, including increasing longevity in vivo. Unlike neurons, astrocytes are extensively coupled to others via connexin (Cx) gap junctions (GJs). Although there are striking modulatory effects of PAs on neuronal receptors and channels, PA regulation of the astrocytic GJs is not well understood. We studied GJ-propagation using molecules of different (i) electrical charge, (ii) structure, and (iii) molecular weight. Loading single astrocytes with patch pipettes containing membrane-impermeable dyes, we observed that (i) even small molecules do not …

Quantitative Measures Used In Empirical Evaluations Of Mental Health Policy Implementation: A Systematic Review, Meagan Pilar, Eliot Jost, Callie Walsh-Bailey, Byron J Powell, Stephanie Mazzucca, Amy Eyler, Jonathan Purtle, Peg Allen, Ross C Brownson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Mental health is a critical component of wellness. Public policies present an opportunity for large-scale mental health impact, but policy implementation is complex and can vary significantly across contexts, making it crucial to evaluate implementation. The objective of this study was to (1) identify quantitative measurement tools used to evaluate the implementation of public mental health policies; (2) describe implementation determinants and outcomes assessed in the measures; and (3) assess the pragmatic and psychometric quality of identified measures.

METHOD: Guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, Policy Implementation Determinants Framework, and Implementation Outcomes Framework, we conducted a systematic …

Discrimination Of Normal And Cancerous Human Skin Tissues Based On Laser-Induced Spectral Shift Fluorescence Microscopy, A Niazi, A Ehtesham, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

A homemade spectral shift fluorescence microscope (SSFM) is coupled with a spectrometer to record the spectral images of specimens based on the emission wavelength. Here a reliable diagnosis of neoplasia is achieved according to the spectral fluorescence properties of ex-vivo skin tissues after rhodamine6G (Rd6G) staining. It is shown that certain spectral shifts occur for nonmelanoma/melanoma lesions against normal/benign nevus, leading to spectral micrographs. In fact, there is a strong correlation between the emission wavelength and the sort of skin lesions, mainly due to the Rd6G interaction with the mitochondria of cancerous cells. The normal tissues generally enjoy a significant …

Genome-Edited Zebrafish Model Of Abcc8 Loss-Of-Function Disease, Jennifer M Ikle, Robert C Tryon, Soma S Singareddy, Nathaniel W York, Maria S Remedi, Colin G Nichols

2020-Current year OA Pubs

ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K

Identification Of Novel Antifungal Skeleton Of Hydroxyethyl Naphthalimides With Synergistic Potential For Chemical And Dynamic Treatments, Pengli Zhang, Vijai Kumar Reddy Tangadanchu, Chenghe Zhou

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The invasion of pathogenic fungi poses nonnegligible threats to the human health and agricultural industry. This work exploited a family of hydroxyethyl naphthalimides as novel antifungal species with synergistic potential of chemical and dynamic treatment to combat the fungal resistance. These prepared naphthalimides showed better antifungal potency than fluconazole towards some tested fungi including

Hyperkalemia And Electrocardiogram Manifestations In End-Stage Renal Disease, Zubaid Rafique, Bryan Hoang, Heba Mesbah, Ryan Pappal, Frank W Peacock, Raul Juarez-Vela, Lukasz Szarpak, Dick C Kuo

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Hyperkalemia is one of the more common acute life-threatening metabolic emergencies. The aim of our study is to determine the correlation and accuracy of abnormal ECG parameters as a function of serum potassium concentration in the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) population. We performed a retrospective chart review of emergency department patients presenting with ESRD and receiving emergent hemodialysis treatment. A total of 96 patients, each with five independent ED visits, provided 480 sets of ECGs and electrolytes. Of these, four ECGs were excluded for inability to interpret, leaving a total of 476 patient encounters that met all inclusion criteria. Linear …

Distinct Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Receptors Dictate Stem Cell Fitness Versus Lineage Output In Dnmt3a-Mutant Clonal Hematopoiesis, Jennifer M Sanmiguel, Elizabeth Eudy, Matthew A Loberg, Kira A Young, Jayna J Mistry, Kristina D Mujica, Logan S Schwartz, Timothy M Stearns, Grant A Challen, Jennifer J Trowbridge

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: Clonal hematopoiesis resulting from the enhanced fitness of mutant hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) associates with both favorable and unfavorable health outcomes related to the types of mature mutant blood cells produced, but how this lineage output is regulated is unclear. Using a mouse model of a clonal hematopoiesis-associated mutation, DNMT3AR882/+ (Dnmt3aR878H/+), we found that aging-induced TNFα signaling promoted the selective advantage of mutant HSCs and stimulated the production of mutant B lymphoid cells. The genetic loss of the TNFα receptor TNFR1 ablated the selective advantage of mutant HSCs without altering their lineage output, whereas the loss of TNFR2 resulted …

Equity Implications Of Hospital Penalties During 4 Years Of The Comprehensive Care For Joint Replacement Model, 2016 To 2019, Sukruth A Shashikumar, Andrew M Ryan, Karen E Joynt Maddox

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Infections In The First Year Of Life And Development Of Beta Cell Autoimmunity And Clinical Type 1 Diabetes In High-Risk Individuals: The Trigr Cohort, Olga Kordonouri, David Cuthbertson, Malin Belteky, Bärbel Aschemeier-Fuchs, Neil H White, Elisabeth Cummings, Mikael Knip, Johnny Ludvigsson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Accumulated data suggest that infections in early life contribute to the development of type 1 diabetes. Using data from the Trial to Reduce IDDM in the Genetically at Risk (TRIGR), we set out to assess whether children who later developed diabetes-related autoantibodies and/or clinical type 1 diabetes had different exposure to infections early in life compared with those who did not.

METHODS: A cohort of 2159 children with an affected first-degree relative and HLA-conferred susceptibility to type 1 diabetes were recruited between 2002 and 2007 and followed until 2017. Infections were registered prospectively. The relationship between infections in the …

Fatness, Fitness And The Aging Brain: A Cross Sectional Study Of The Associations Between A Physiological Estimate Of Brain Age And Physical Fitness, Activity, Sleep, And Body Composition, David Wing, Lisa T Eyler, Eric J Lenze, Julie Loebach Wetherell, Jeanne F Nichols, Romain Meeusen, Job G Godino, Joshua S Shimony, Abraham Z Snyder, Tomoyuki Nishino, Ginger E Nicol, Guy Nagels, Bart Roelands

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Changes in brain structure and function occur with aging. However, there is substantial heterogeneity both in terms of when these changes begin, and the rate at which they progress. Understanding the mechanisms and/or behaviors underlying this heterogeneity may allow us to act to target and slow negative changes associated with aging.

METHODS: Using T1 weighted MRI images, we applied a novel algorithm to determine the physiological age of the brain (brain-predicted age) and the predicted age difference between this physiologically based estimate and chronological age (BrainPAD) to 551 sedentary adults aged 65 to 84 with self-reported cognitive complaint measured …

Diptoindonesin G Is A Middle Domain Hsp90 Modulator For Cancer Treatment, Kristine Donahue, Haibo Xie, Miyang Li, Ang Gao, Min Ma, Yidan Wang, Rose Tipton, Nicole Semanik, Tina Primeau, Shunqiang Li, Lingjun Li, Weiping Tang, Wei Xu

2020-Current year OA Pubs

HSP90 inhibitors can target many oncoproteins simultaneously, but none have made it through clinical trials due to dose-limiting toxicity and induction of heat shock response, leading to clinical resistance. We identified diptoindonesin G (dip G) as an HSP90 modulator that can promote degradation of HSP90 clients by binding to the middle domain of HSP90 (K

Mouse Tissue Harvest-Induced Hypoxia Rapidly Alters The In Vivo Metabolome, Between-Genotype Metabolite Level Differences, And 13c-Tracing Enrichments, Adam J Rauckhorst, Nicholas Borcherding, Daniel J Pape, Alora S Kraus, Diego A Scerbo, Eric B Taylor

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Metabolomics as an approach to solve biological problems is exponentially increasing in use. Thus, this a pivotal time for the adoption of best practices. It is well known that disrupted tissue oxygen supply rapidly alters cellular energy charge. However, the speed and extent to which delayed mouse tissue freezing after dissection alters the broad metabolome is not well described. Furthermore, how tissue genotype may modulate such metabolomic drift and the degree to which traced

METHODS: By combined liquid chromatography (LC)- and gas chromatography (GC)-mass spectrometry (MS), we measured how levels of 255 mouse liver metabolites changed following 30-second, 1-minute, …

G Protein Gamma Subunit, A Hidden Master Regulator Of Gpcr Signaling, Dinesh Kankanamge, Mithila Tennakoon, Ajith Karunarathne, N Gautam

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Heterotrimeric G proteins (αβγ subunits) that are activated by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) mediate the biological responses of eukaryotic cells to extracellular signals. The α subunits and the tightly bound βγ subunit complex of G proteins have been extensively studied and shown to control the activity of effector molecules. In contrast, the potential roles of the large family of γ subunits have been less studied. In this review, we focus on present knowledge about these proteins. Induced loss of individual γ subunit types in animal and plant models result in strikingly distinct phenotypes indicating that γ subtypes play important and …

Cognition And The Single Neuron: How Cell Types Construct The Dynamic Computations Of Frontal Cortex, Amelia J Christensen, Torben Ott, Adam Kepecs

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Frontal cortex is thought to underlie many advanced cognitive capacities, from self-control to long term planning. Reflecting these diverse demands, frontal neural activity is notoriously idiosyncratic, with tuning properties that are correlated with endless numbers of behavioral and task features. This menagerie of tuning has made it difficult to extract organizing principles that govern frontal neural activity. Here, we contrast two successful yet seemingly incompatible approaches that have begun to address this challenge. Inspired by the indecipherability of single-neuron tuning, the first approach casts frontal computations as dynamical trajectories traversed by arbitrary mixtures of neurons. The second approach, by contrast, …

Public Interest In Hyaluronic Acid Injections For Knee Osteoarthritis In The United States And Europe: An International Google Trends Analysis, Samuel A Cohen, Robert H Brophy, Antonia F Chen, Karl C Roberts, Robert H Quinn, Kevin G Shea

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Hyaluronic acid injections remain a common nonsurgical alternative for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis despite limited clinical evidence and varying global recommendations regarding its use. We used the Google Trends tool to provide a quantitative analysis of public interest in hyaluronic acid injections for knee osteoarthritis in the United States and Europe.

METHODS: We customized Google Trends parameters to obtain search data from January 2009 to December 2019 in both the United States and Europe. Combinations of "arthritis", "osteoarthritis", "hyaluronic acid", "knee arthritis", "knee osteoarthritis", and "knee injection" were entered into the Google Trends tool, and trend analyses were …

Vascular Endothelial-Cadherin As A Marker Of Endothelial Injury In Preclinical Alzheimer Disease, Rawan Tarawneh, Rachel S Kasper, Jessie Sanford, Chia-Ling Phuah, Jason Hassenstab, Carlos Cruchaga

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Endothelial dysfunction is an early and prevalent pathology in Alzheimer disease (AD). We here investigate the value of vascular endothelial-cadherin (VEC) as a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) marker of endothelial injury in preclinical AD.

METHODS: Cognitively normal participants (Clinical Dementia Rating [CDR] 0) from the Knight Washington University-ADRC were included in this study (n = 700). Preclinical Alzheimer's Cognitive Composite (PACC) scores, CSF VEC, tau, p-tau181, Aβ42/Aβ40, neurofilament light-chain (NFL) levels, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessments of white matter injury (WMI) were obtained from all participants. A subset of participants underwent brain amyloid imaging using positron emission tomography (amyloid-PET) …

Examining Shortened Versions Of The Social Responsiveness Scale For Use In Autism Spectrum Disorder Prediction And As A Quantitative Trait Measure: Results From A Validation Study Of 3-5 Year Old Children, Kristen Lyall, Juliette Rando, Bridget Toroni, Tobechukwu Ezeh, John N Constantino, Lisa A Croen, Brigid Garvin, Kate Piselli, James Connell, Aaron J Kaat, Craig J Newschaffer, Program Collaborators For Environmental Influences On Child Health Outcomes

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) is a 65-item measure yielding a continuous score capturing autism-related traits. Scores based on SRS item subsets have been analytically examined but administration of shortened versions has not been evaluated prospectively.

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to compare psychometric properties of two shortened versions of the SRS to the full 65-item SRS, in young children from both a clinical and general population setting.

METHODS: Study participants (aged 3-5 years) were drawn from the AJ Drexel Autism Institute clinic (

RESULTS: Overall, distributional properties of the three administration methods were highly comparable, with …

An Open-Label Multi-Center Phase 1 Safety Study Of Bxq-350 In Children And Young Adults With Relapsed Solid Tumors, Including Recurrent Malignant Brain Tumors, Mohamed S Abdelbaki, Mariko Dawn Dewire Schottmiller, Timothy P Cripe, Richard C Curry, Charles A Cruze, Leah Her, Suzanne Demko, Denise Casey, Bhuvana Setty

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: BXQ-350 is a novel anti-neoplastic agent composed of saposin C (SapC) and phospholipid dioleoylphosphatidyl-serine sodium (DOPS) that selectively binds tumor cell phosphatidylserine (PS), inducing apoptosis. BXQ-350 has demonstrated preclinical antitumor effects in high-grade gliomas (HGG) and clinical activity in adult patients with recurrent HGG.

METHODS: A phase 1 study was conducted in pediatric patients with relapsed/refractory solid tumors, including recurrent brain tumors. Primary objectives were to characterize safety and determine maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and preliminary antitumor activity. Sequential dose cohorts were assessed up to 3.2 mg/kg using an accelerated titration design. Each cycle was 28 days; dosing occurred …

Community Prevalence Of Helicobacter Pylori And Dyspepsia And Efficacy Of Triple Therapy In A Rural District Of Eastern Uganda, Yang Jae Lee, Ibrahim Ssekalo, Rauben Kazungu, Timothy S Blackwell Jr, Peter Muwereza, Yuefeng Wu, José B Sáenz

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND:

OBJECTIVES: We determined the prevalence of

METHODS: Of 400 randomly selected adult residents in eastern Uganda, 376 were administered a validated, chronic dyspepsia questionnaire and provided a stool sample for

RESULTS:

CONCLUSIONS: In our study population, chronic dyspepsia did not predict

Pilot Study: Parp1 Imaging In Advanced Prostate Cancer, Farrokh Dehdashti, Melissa A. Reimers, Kooresh I. Shoghi, Delphine L. Chen, Jingqin Luo, Buck Rogers, Russell K. Pachynski, Sreeja Sreekumar, Cody Weimholt, Dong Zhou

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: PARP inhibitor (PARPi) therapy is approved for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and homologous recombination repair (HRR) genomic aberrations. However, only a fraction of patients with BRCA1/2 mutations respond to PARPi therapy. In this pilot study, we assess PARP-1 expression in prostate cancer patients with and without HRR genomic alternations using a novel PARP-based imaging agent.

PROCEDURES: Nine advanced prostate cancer patients were studied with PET/CT and [

RESULTS: We found great variability in FTT uptake (SUV

CONCLUSIONS: FTT-PET/CT may serve as an alternate biomarker for PARP1 expression and a potential method for PARPi treatment selection.