Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Association Of Radiotherapy Duration With Clinical Outcomes In Patients With Esophageal Cancer Treated In Nrg Oncology Trials: A Secondary Analysis Of Nrg Oncology Randomized Clinical Trials, Christopher L Hallemeier, Hyun Kim, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: For many types of epithelial malignant neoplasms that are treated with definitive radiotherapy (RT), treatment prolongation and interruptions have an adverse effect on outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between RT duration and outcomes in patients with esophageal cancer who were treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This study was an unplanned, post hoc secondary analysis of 3 prospective, multi-institutional phase 3 randomized clinical trials (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group [RTOG] 8501, RTOG 9405, and RTOG 0436) of the National Cancer Institute-sponsored NRG Oncology (formerly the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project, RTOG, and Gynecologic Oncology …

Evaluation Of Birth By Cesarean Delivery And Development Of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer, Yin Cao, Long H Nguyen, Stefani Tica, Ebunoluwa Otegbeye, Xiaoyu Zong, Bjorn Roelstraete, Andrew T Chan, Barbara B Warner, Olof Stephansson, Jonas F Ludvigsson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC), diagnosed younger than 50 years of age, has increased worldwide. Gut dysbiosis throughout the life course is hypothesized as a leading mechanism, yet epidemiologic data are limited.

OBJECTIVE: To prospectively examine the association between birth by cesarean delivery and early-onset CRC among offspring.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this population-based, nationwide case-control study in Sweden, adults diagnosed with CRC between 18 and 49 years of age from 1991 to 2017 were identified through the Epidemiology Strengthened by Histopathology Reports in Sweden (ESPRESSO) cohort. Up to 5 general population control individuals without CRC …

Rapid Profiling Of Dna Replication Dynamics Using Mass Spectrometry-Based Analysis Of Nascent Dna, Mohamed E Ashour, Andrea K Byrum, Alice Meroni, Jun Xia, Saurabh Singh, Roberto Galletto, Susan M Rosenberg, Alessandro Vindigni, Nima Mosammaparast

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The primary method for probing DNA replication dynamics is DNA fiber analysis, which utilizes thymidine analog incorporation into nascent DNA, followed by immunofluorescent microscopy of DNA fibers. Besides being time-consuming and prone to experimenter bias, it is not suitable for studying DNA replication dynamics in mitochondria or bacteria, nor is it adaptable for higher-throughput analysis. Here, we present mass spectrometry-based analysis of nascent DNA (MS-BAND) as a rapid, unbiased, quantitative alternative to DNA fiber analysis. In this method, incorporation of thymidine analogs is quantified from DNA using triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. MS-BAND accurately detects DNA replication alterations in both …

Priorities To Promote Participant Engagement In The Participant Engagement And Cancer Genome Sequencing (Pe-Cgs) Network, Anne Lr Schuster, Graham A Colditz, Li Ding, Bettina F Drake, Ryan C Fields, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Engaging diverse populations in cancer genomics research is of critical importance and is a fundamental goal of the NCI Participant Engagement and Cancer Genome Sequencing (PE-CGS) Network. Established as part of the Cancer Moonshot, PE-CGS is a consortium of stakeholders including clinicians, scientists, genetic counselors, and representatives of potential study participants and their communities. Participant engagement is an ongoing, bidirectional, and mutually beneficial interaction between study participants and researchers. PE-CGS sought to set priorities in participant engagement for conducting the network's research.

METHODS: PE-CGS deliberatively engaged its stakeholders in the following four-phase process to set the network's research priorities …

Estimated Clinical Outcomes And Cost-Effectiveness Associated With Provision Of Addiction Treatment In Us Primary Care Clinics, Raagini Jawa, Yjuliana Tin, Samantha Nall, Susan L Calcaterra, Alexandra Savinkina, Laura R Marks, Simeon D Kimmel, Benjamin P Linas, Joshua A Barocas

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: US primary care practitioners (PCPs) are the largest clinical workforce, but few provide addiction care. Primary care is a practical place to expand addiction services, including buprenorphine and harm reduction kits, yet the clinical outcomes and health care sector costs are unknown.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the long-term clinical outcomes, costs, and cost-effectiveness of integrated buprenorphine and harm reduction kits in primary care for people who inject opioids.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this modeling study, the Reducing Infections Related to Drug Use Cost-Effectiveness (REDUCE) microsimulation model, which tracks serious injection-related infections, overdose, hospitalization, and death, was used to examine …

The Value And Impacts Of Academic Public Health Departments, Paul C Erwin, Julie H Grubaugh, Stephanie Mazzucca-Ragan, Ross C Brownson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The academic health department (AHD) is a partnership between an academic institution and a governmental health agency. These partnerships are meant to provide mutual benefits that include opportunities for student field placements and internships, practice-informed curriculum, and practice-based research. The term academic health department dates back only to 2000, although there are several examples of academic-practice partnerships prior to that date. In addition to AHDs that have been established over the past two decades, other forms of academic-practice engagement provide similar mutual benefits, such as prevention research centers and public health training centers. Current research on AHDs explores how these …

Logistical, Technical, And Radiation Safety Aspects Of Establishing A Radiopharmaceutical Therapy Program: A Case In Lutetium-177 Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (Psma) Therapy, Jacqueline E Zoberi, Jose Garcia-Ramirez, David Luechtefeld, Nichole M Maughan, Maxwell Amurao, Reiko Oyama, Brian C Baumann, Hiram A Gay, Jeff M Michalski

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a cell surface protein highly expressed in nearly all prostate cancers, with restricted expression in some normal tissues. The differential expression of PSMA from tumor to non-tumor tissue has resulted in the investigation of numerous targeting strategies for therapy of patients with metastatic prostate cancer. In March of 2022, the FDA granted approval for the use of lutetium-177 PSMA-617 (Lu-177-PSMA-617) for patients with PSMA-positive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) who have been treated with androgen receptor pathway inhibition and taxane-based chemotherapy. Therefore, the use of Lu-177-PSMA-617 is expected to increase and become more widespread. Herein, …

Using Synthetic Mr Images For Distortion Correction, David F Montez, Andrew N Van, Ryland L Miller, Nicole A Seider, Scott Marek, Annie Zheng, Dillan J Newbold, Kristen Scheidter, Benjamin P Kay, Abhinav K Jha, Aristeidis Sotiras, Timothy O Laumann, Evan M Gordon, Nico U F Dosenbach, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Functional MRI (fMRI) data acquired using echo-planar imaging (EPI) are highly distorted by magnetic field inhomogeneities. Distortion and differences in image contrast between EPI and T1-weighted and T2-weighted (T1w/T2w) images makes their alignment a challenge. Typically, field map data are used to correct EPI distortions. Alignments achieved with field maps can vary greatly and depends on the quality of field map data. However, many public datasets lack field map data entirely. Additionally, reliable field map data is often difficult to acquire in high-motion pediatric or developmental cohorts. To address this, we developed Synth, a software package for distortion correction and …

Expanding The Muscle Imaging Spectrum In Dysferlinopathy: Description Of An Outlier Population From The Classical Mri Pattern, Laura Llansó, Alan Pestronk, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Dysferlinopathy is a muscle disease characterized by a variable clinical presentation and is caused by mutations in the DYSF gene. The Jain Clinical Outcome Study for Dysferlinopathy (COS) followed the largest cohort of patients (n=187) with genetically confirmed dysferlinopathy throughout a three-year natural history study, in which the patients underwent muscle function tests and muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We previously described the pattern of muscle pathology in this population and established a series of imaging criteria for diagnosis. In this paper, we describe the muscle imaging and clinical features of a subgroup of COS participants whose muscle imaging results …

Complete Remission Of Widely Metastatic Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Amplified Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma After Precision Immune And Targeted Therapy With Description Of Sequencing And Organoid Correlates, Daniel A King, S Peter Goedegebuure, Xiuli Zhang, Jasreet Hundal, Malachi Griffith, William E Gillanders, Haeseong Park, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Baseline Characteristics Of The North American Prodromal Synucleinopathy Cohort, Jonathan E Elliott, Jennifer Mcleland, Susan R Criswell, Yo-El S Ju, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is widely considered a prodromal synucleinopathy, as most with RBD develop overt synucleinopathy within ~10 years. Accordingly, RBD offers an opportunity to test potential treatments at the earliest stages of synucleinopathy. The North American Prodromal Synucleinopathy (NAPS) Consortium has created a multisite RBD participant, primarily clinic-based cohort to better understand characteristics at diagnosis, and in future work, identify predictors of phenoconversion, develop synucleinopathy biomarkers, and enable early stage clinical trial enrollment.

METHODS: Participants ≥18 years of age with overnight polysomnogram-confirmed RBD without Parkinson's disease, dementia, multiple system atrophy, or narcolepsy were …

Lrp6 High Bone Mass Characterized In Two Generations Harboring A Unique Mutation Of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 6, Michael P Whyte, Steven Mumm, Jonathan C Baker, Fan Zhang, Homer Sedighi, Shenghui Duan, Tim Cundy

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Osteoblast Wnt/

Axatilimab For Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease After Failure Of At Least Two Prior Systemic Therapies: Results Of A Phase I/Ii Study, Carrie L Kitko, Iskra Pusic, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) remains the major cause of late morbidity after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R)-dependent macrophages promote cGVHD fibrosis, and their elimination in preclinical studies ameliorated cGVHD. Axatilimab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that inhibits CSF-1R signaling and restrains macrophage development.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: This phase I (phI)/phase II (phII) open-label study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03604692) evaluated safety, tolerability, and efficacy of axatilimab in patients age ≥ 6 years with active cGVHD after ≥ 2 prior systemic therapy lines. Primary objectives in phI were to identify the optimal biologic and recommended phII dose and …

Regulation Of Astrocyte Lipid Metabolism And Apoe Secretion By The Microglial Oxysterol, 25-Hydroxycholesterol, Anil G Cashikar, Danira Toral-Rios, David Timm, Johnathan Romero, Michael Strickland, Justin M Long, Xianlin Han, David M Holtzman, Steven M Paul

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Neuroinflammation, a major hallmark of Alzheimer's disease and several other neurological and psychiatric disorders, is often associated with dysregulated cholesterol metabolism. Relative to homeostatic microglia, activated microglia express higher levels of Ch25h, an enzyme that hydroxylates cholesterol to produce 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC). 25HC is an oxysterol with interesting immune roles stemming from its ability to regulate cholesterol metabolism. Since astrocytes synthesize cholesterol in the brain and transport it to other cells via ApoE-containing lipoproteins, we hypothesized that secreted 25HC from microglia may influence lipid metabolism as well as extracellular ApoE derived from astrocytes. Here, we show that astrocytes take up externally …

Delayed Ipsilateral Intestinal Perforation After Endoscopic Gastrojejunostomy: A Perspective On Underlying Mechanisms, Juan Reyes Genere, Zoilo K Suarez, Vladimir Kushnir

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The endoscopic management for malignant gastric outlet obstruction has expanded with the advent of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy. Delayed perforation after endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy is an important yet rarely reported adverse event, and it is unclear why some patients may suffer this complication. We present a case of intestinal perforation occurring one month after endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy and discuss potential mechanisms which may contribute to this outcome.

Visual Autism, Margaret Reynolds, Susan M. Culican

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Melanoma In A Patient With Dnmt3a Overgrowth Syndrome, David Y Chen, Leslie A Sutton, Sai Mukund Ramakrishnan, Eric J Duncavage, Sharon E Heath, Leigh A Compton, Christopher A Miller, Timothy J Ley

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Alterations in epigenetic regulators are increasingly recognized as early events in tumorigenesis; thus, patients with acquired or inherited variants in epigenetic regulators may be at increased risk for developing multiple types of cancer. DNMT3A overgrowth syndrome (DOS), caused by germline pathogenic variants in the DNA methyltransferase gene

Charged Multivesicular Body Protein 4b Forms Complexes With Gap Junction Proteins During Lens Fiber Cell Differentiation, Yuefang Zhou, Thomas M Bennett, Thomas W White, Alan Shiels

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Charged multivesicular body protein 4b (CHMP4B) is a core sub-unit of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport III (ESCRT-III) machinery that serves myriad remodeling and scission processes of biological membranes. Mutation of the human CHMP4B gene underlies rare forms of early-onset lens opacities or cataracts, and CHMP4B is required for lens growth and differentiation in mice. Here, we determine the sub-cellular distribution of CHMP4B in the lens and uncover a novel association with gap junction alpha-3 protein (GJA3) or connexin 46 (Cx46) and GJA8 or Cx50. Immunofluorescence confocal microscopy revealed that CHMP4B localized to cell membranes of elongated fiber …

Strategies To Prevent Clostridioides Difficile Infections In Acute-Care Hospitals: 2022 Update, Larry K Kociolek, Dale N Gerding, Ruth Carrico, Philip Carling, Curtis J Donskey, Ghinwa Dumyati, David T Kuhar, Vivian G Loo, Lisa L Maragakis, Monika Pogorzelska-Maziarz, Thomas J Sandora, David J Weber, Deborah Yokoe, Erik R Dubberke

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Myt1l Is Required For Suppressing Earlier Neuronal Development Programs In The Adult Mouse Brain, Jiayang Chen, Nicole A Fuhler, Kevin K Noguchi, Joseph D Dougherty

2020-Current year OA Pubs

In vitro studies indicate the neurodevelopmental disorder gene myelin transcription factor 1-like (MYT1L) suppresses non-neuronal lineage genes during fibroblast-to-neuron direct differentiation. However, MYT1L's molecular and cellular functions in the adult mammalian brain have not been fully characterized. Here, we found that MYT1L loss leads to up-regulated deep layer (DL) gene expression, corresponding to an increased ratio of DL/UL neurons in the adult mouse cortex. To define potential mechanisms, we conducted Cleavage Under Targets & Release Using Nuclease (CUT&RUN) to map MYT1L binding targets and epigenetic changes following MYT1L loss in mouse developing cortex and adult prefrontal cortex (PFC). We found …

Social Disadvantage During Pregnancy: Effects On Gestational Age And Birthweight, Joan L Luby, Sarah K England, Deanna M Barch, Barbara B Warner, Cynthia Rogers, Christopher D Smyser, Regina Triplett, Jyoti Arora, Tara A Smyser, George M Slavich, Peinan Zhao, Molly Stout, Erik Herzog, J Philip Miller

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Whether psychosocial adversity during pregnancy impacts fetal health outcomes at birth remains underexplored. This is a critical issue given significant social disadvantage and psychosocial stress faced by pregnant women worldwide.

STUDY DESIGN: Measures of social disadvantage and psychological factors, and medical/reproductive and nutritional health status in pregnant women were obtained at each trimester. Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), we investigated the relationship of forms of adversity to each other and to infant gestational age, and birthweight.

RESULTS: Among 399 singletons, Social Disadvantage significantly predicted gestational age (p = 0.003), and residual birthweight (p = 0.006). There was a 0.4 …

Understanding Misimplementation In U.S. State Health Departments: An Agent-Based Model, Matt Kasman, Ross A Hammond, Rob Purcell, Louise Farah Saliba, Stephanie Mazzucca-Ragan, Margaret Padek, Peg Allen, Douglas A Luke, Sarah Moreland-Russell, Paul C Erwin, Ross C Brownson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: The research goal of this study is to explore why misimplementation occurs in public health agencies and how it can be reduced. Misimplementation is ending effective activities prematurely or continuing ineffective ones, which contributes to wasted resources and suboptimal health outcomes.

METHODS: The study team created an agent-based model that represents how information flow, filtered through organizational structure, capacity, culture, and leadership priorities, shapes continuation decisions. This agent-based model used survey data and interviews with state health department personnel across the U.S. between 2014 and 2020; model design and analyses were conducted with substantial input from stakeholders between 2019 …

The Who Aware (Access, Watch, Reserve) Antibiotic Book And Prevention Of Antimicrobial Resistance, Veronica Zanichelli, Michael Sharland, Bernadette Cappello, Lorenzo Moja, Haileyesus Getahun, Carmem Pessoa-Silva, Hatim Sati, Catharina Van Weezenbeek, Hanan Balkhy, Mariângela Simão, Sumanth Gandra, Benedikt Huttner

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Guidance on the appropriate use of antibiotics for common infections is lacking in many settings. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently released

Air Pollution And Acute Kidney Injury In The U.S. Medicare Population: A Longitudinal Cohort Study, Whanhee Lee, Ziyad Al-Aly, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have reported the association between air pollution exposure and reduced kidney function. However, it is unclear whether air pollution is associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI).

OBJECTIVES: To address this gap in knowledge, we investigated the effect estimates of long-term exposures to fine particulate matter [PM

METHODS: This nationwide population-based longitudinal cohort study included 61,300,754 beneficiaries enrolled in Medicare Part A fee-for-service (FFS) who were

RESULTS: Exposure to

DISCUSSION: This study found an association between exposures to air pollution and the risk of the first hospital admission with AKI, and this association persisted …

Myeloid Autophagy Genes Protect Mice Against Fatal Tnf- And Lps-Induced Cytokine Storm Syndromes, Ya-Ting Wang, Amy Sansone, Asya Smirnov, Christina L Stallings, Anthony Orvedahl

2020-Current year OA Pubs

ATG5: autophagy related 5; ATG7: autophagy related 7; ATG14: autophagy related 14; ATG16L1: autophagy related 16-like 1 (S. cerevisiae); BECN1: beclin 1, autophagy related; CASP1: caspase 1; CASP4/CASP11: caspase 4, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase; CIM: conditionally immortalized macrophage; CLP: cecal ligation and puncture; CSS: cytokine storm syndrome; DC: dendritic cell; IFNG/IFNγ: interferon gamma; IFNGR1: interferon gamma receptor 1; ip: intraperitoneal; iv: intravenous; IL12/p70: interleukin 12, p70 heterodimer; IL18: Interleukin 18; ITGAX/CD11c: integrin alpha X; LAP: LC3-associated phagocytosis; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; LYZ2/LYSM: lysozyme 2; MAP1LC3A/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha; RB1CC1/FIP200: RB1-inducible coiled-coil 1; S100A8/MRP8: S100 calcium binding protein A8 (calgranulin …

Persistent Molecular Disease In Adult Patients With Aml Evaluated With Whole-Exome And Targeted Error-Corrected Dna Sequencing, Michael J Slade, Reza Ghasemi, Michelle O'Laughlin, Tasha Burton, Robert S Fulton, Haley J Abel, Eric J Duncavage, Timothy J Ley, Meagan A Jacoby, David H Spencer

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Persistent molecular disease (PMD) after induction chemotherapy predicts relapse in AML. In this study, we used whole-exome sequencing (WES) and targeted error-corrected sequencing to assess the frequency and mutational patterns of PMD in 30 patients with AML.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study cohort included 30 patients with adult AML younger than 65 years who were uniformly treated with standard induction chemotherapy. Tumor/normal WES was performed for all patients at presentation. PMD analysis was evaluated in bone marrow samples obtained during clinicopathologic remission using repeat WES and analysis of patient-specific mutations and error-corrected sequencing of 40 recurrently mutated AML genes …

Failure Of Early Mycological Clearance In Hiv-Negative Cryptococcal Meningitis, Zhihui Su, Chongliang Luo, Kai Dai, Dasen Yuan, Bang-E Qin, Meifeng Gu, Junyu Liu, Yong Chen, Fuhua Peng, Ying Jiang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Negative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures at 2 weeks after antifungal treatment (early mycological clearance [EMC]) should be a treatment goal of cryptococcal meningitis (CM). However, EMC in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative patients with CM is poorly understood.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of medical records and 1-year follow-up of 141 HIV-negative patients with CM with an initial positive CSF culture for

RESULTS: Of 141 patients, 28 (19.9%) had EMC failure. The 1-year mortality rate was 5.7% (8/141). Multivariate analysis showed that non-amphotericin B (AmB)-based regimens, baseline log

CONCLUSIONS: EMC failure in HIV-negative CM is attributed to non-AmB-based therapy …

Outcome Prediction By The 2022 European Leukemianet Genetic-Risk Classification For Adults With Acute Myeloid Leukemia: An Alliance Study, Krzysztof Mrózek, Geoffrey L Uy, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Recently, the European LeukemiaNet (ELN) revised its genetic-risk classification of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We categorized 1637 adults with AML treated with cytarabine/anthracycline regimens according to the 2022 and 2017 ELN classifications. Compared with the 2017 ELN classification, 2022 favorable group decreased from 40% to 35% and adverse group increased from 37% to 41% of patients. The 2022 genetic-risk groups seemed to accurately reflect treatment outcomes in all patients and patients aged <60 years, but in patients aged ≥60 years, relapse rates, disease-free (DFS) and overall (OS) survival were not significantly different between intermediate and adverse groups. In younger African-American patients, DFS and OS did not differ between intermediate-risk and adverse-risk patients nor did DFS between favorable and intermediate groups. In Hispanic patients, DFS and OS did not differ between favorable and intermediate groups. Outcome prediction abilities of 2022 and 2017 ELN classifications were similar. Among favorable-risk patients, myelodysplasia-related mutations did not affect patients with CEBPA

Cis Interactions In The Irf8 Locus Regulate Stage-Dependent Enhancer Activation, Tian-Tian Liu, Feiya Ou, Julia A Belk, Prachi Bagadia, David A Anderson Iii, Vivek Durai, Winnie Yao, Ansuman T Satpathy, Theresa L Murphy, Kenneth M Murphy

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Individual elements within a superenhancer can act in a cooperative or temporal manner, but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. We recently identified an

Area Deprivation Index And Segregation On The Risk Of Hiv: A U.S. Veteran Case-Control Study, Abiodun O Oluyomi, Angela L Mazul, Yongquan Dong, Donna L White, Christine M Hartman, Peter Richardson, Wenyaw Chan, Jose M Garcia, Jennifer R Kramer, Elizabeth Chiao

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Preventing HIV infection remains a critically important tool in the continuing fight against HIV/AIDS. The primary aim is to evaluate the effect and interactions between a composite area-level social determinants of health measure and an area-level measure of residential segregation on the risk of HIV/AIDS in U.S. Veterans.

METHODS: Using the individual-level patient data from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, we constructed a case-control study of veterans living with HIV/AIDS (VLWH) and age-, sex assigned at birth- and index date-matched controls. We geocoded patient's residential address to ascertain their neighborhood and linked their information to two measures of …