Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Assessment Of Embedded Conjugated Polymer Sensor Arrays For Potential Load Transmission Measurement In Orthopaedic Implants, Carolina Micolini, Frederick Benjamin Holness, James A. Johnson, Aaron David Price

Bone and Joint Institute

© 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Load transfer through orthopaedic joint implants is poorly understood. The longer-term outcomes of these implants are just starting to be studied, making it imperative to monitor contact loads across the entire joint implant interface to elucidate the force transmission and distribution mechanisms exhibited by these implants in service. This study proposes and demonstrates the design, implementation, and characterization of a 3D-printed smart polymer sensor array using conductive polyaniline (PANI) structures embedded within a polymeric parent phase. The piezoresistive characteristics of PANI were investigated to characterize the sensing behaviour inherent to these …

The Effect Of Light Touch On Balance Control During Overground Walking In Healthy Young Adults., A R Oates, Janelle Unger, C M Arnold, J Fung, J L Lanovaz

Physical Therapy Publications

Balance control is essential for safe walking. Adding haptic input through light touch may improve walking balance; however, evidence is limited. This research investigated the effect of added haptic input through light touch in healthy young adults during challenging walking conditions. Sixteen individuals walked normally, in tandem, and on a compliant, low-lying balance beam with and without light touch on a railing. Three-dimensional kinematic data were captured to compute stride velocity (m/s), relative time spent in double support (%DS), a medial-lateral margin of stability (MOS_ML) and its variance (MOS_MLCV), as well as a symmetry index (SI) …

Optimization Of The Hockey Fans In Training (Hockey Fit) Weight Loss And Healthy Lifestyle Program For Male Hockey Fans, Wendy Blunt, Dawn P. Gill, Shannon Sibbald, Brendan Riggin, Roseanne Pulford, Ryan Scott, Karen Danylchuk, Cindy M. Gray, Sally Wyke, Christopher Bunn, Robert Petrella

Lifestyle Research Team

BACKGROUND:

The health outcomes of men continue to be poorer than women globally. Challenges in addressing this problem include difficulties engaging men in weight loss programs as they tend to view these programs as contrary to the masculine narrative of independence and self-reliance. Researchers have been turning towards sports fans to engage men in health promotion programs as sports fans are typically male, and tend to have poor health habits.

METHODS:

Developed from the highly successful gender-sensitized Football Fans in Training program, Hockey Fans in Training (Hockey FIT) recruited 80 male hockey fans of the London Knights and Sarnia Sting …

Aesthetic Outcome Of Maxillomandibular Advancement Surgery For The Treatment Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Jennifer Curran

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Introduction:

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder in which complete or partial airway obstruction causes disruptive sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness. Highly successful treatment outcomes for OSA utilizing maxillomandibular advancement (MMA) surgery have been reported. However, due to the large degree of surgical advancement that is performed, concerns may exist regarding the final aesthetic result.

Objectives:

To evaluate facial profile changes in patients treated for OSA with MMA surgery utilizing panels of oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMFS), orthodontists (ORTHO) and laypeople (LAY).

Methods:

This was a retrospective cohort analysis. Pre- and post-treatment silhouettes of patients who underwent …

Power Reserve Following Ramp-Incremental Cycling To Exhaustion: Implications For Muscle Fatigue And Function, Michael D. Hodgson

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

In ramp-incremental cycling exercise, some individuals are capable of producing power output (PO) in excess of that produced at their limit of tolerance (LoT) while others cannot. This study sought to describe the: 1) prevalence of a “power reserve” within a group of young men (n=21; mean ± SD: age 25±4 years; V̇O_2max45±8 ml•kg^-1•min^-1); and 2) muscle fatigue characteristics of those with and without a power reserve. Power reserve was determined as the difference between peak PO achieved during a ramp-incremental test to exhaustion and maximal, single-leg isokinetic dynamometer power. Pre- versus post-exercise changes …

When Patients Ask To Die: The Role Of Nurses In Medical Assistance In Dying, Laura Sheridan

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Canadians are increasingly living with chronic illness heightening the importance of palliative and end of life care. Nurses have significant involvement in end of life care which, in Canada, may now include medical assistance in dying (MAiD). This qualitative study used interpretive description to explore the perspectives of nine palliative care nurses regarding best practices in care related to MAiD. The analysis produced three overarching themes of: (a) Business as usual which reflects participants’ perspective that MAiD is an aspect of existing practices in end of life decision making in palliative care; (b) Nursing role within MAiD discusses the importance …

Exploiting Fission Yeast Genetic Interaction Data To Identify Disease-Specific Drug Targets For Tuberous Sclerosis Complex, Ashyad Rayhan

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an inherited genetic disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in either TSC1 or TSC2. Their respective gene products regulate the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, which serves as an activator of cellular proliferation, metabolism, and cell survival. Orthologs of the TSC1 and TSC2 genes exist in a wide range of organisms, including the commonly used and genetically tractable model eukaryote, Schizosaccharomyces pombe. To better understand the functional roles of S. pombe tsc1 and tsc2, I exploited recent advances in genetic interaction biology to identify and characterize genes that modulate the phenotypic …

Multiparametric Mri Changes Persist Beyond Recovery In Concussed Adolescent Hockey Players, Kathryn Y. Manning, Amy Schranz, Robert Bartha, Gregory A. Dekaban, Christy Barreira, Arthur Brown, Lisa Fischer, Kevin Asem, Timothy J. Doherty, Douglas D. Fraser, Jeff Holmes, Ravi S. Menon

BrainsCAN Publications

Objective: To determine whether multiparametric MRI data can provide insight into the acute and long-lasting neuronal sequelae after a concussion in adolescent athletes.

Methods: Players were recruited from Bantam hockey leagues in which body checking is first introduced (male, age 11–14 years). Clinical measures, diffusion metrics, resting-state network and region-to-region functional connectivity patterns, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy absolute metabolite concentrations were analyzed from an independent, age-matched control group of hockey players (n 5 26) and longitudinally in concussed athletes within 24 to 72 hours (n 5 17) and 3 months (n 5 14) after a diagnosed concussion.

Results: There were …

Friction Testing Of Contemporary Self-Ligating Appliance Systems, Michael Greene

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Background: Resistance to tooth movement is multifactorial, with friction (FR) one of many important components. There is limited data comparing contemporary Passive and Active self-ligating bracket (SLB) systems in terms of FR created by archwire engagement. Aim: To compare classical FR in contemporary SLB systems and traditional twin brackets in vitro, and to identify the point of initiation of bracket-archwire engagement. Materials & Methods: Nine bracket systems of .022-in slot size were FR tested: Victory Series (3M Unitek) with elastic ligature (control); Passive SLB systems Damon Q (Ormco), Carriere SLX (Henry Schein), H4 (Ortho Classic), Altitude …

Binding Of Salivary Proteins To Orthodontic Brackets, Maria Pia Canales

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different orthodontic materials on the formation of the protein pellicle on the bracket surface.

Materials and Methods: We used X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) to analyze the atomic composition of orthodontic metallic and ceramic brackets. Following XPS, the brackets were immersed in human whole saliva supernatant for 2-hour incubation at 37°C. Hydroxyapatite (HA) discs were used as control. Acquired pellicle was harvested with sonication for each group, and liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry was used for protein identification.

Results: Differences reported by XPS and mass spectrometry were noted …

Design And Evaluation Of Neurosurgical Training Simulator, Trinette L. Wright

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Surgical simulators are becoming more important in surgical training. Consumer smartphone technology has improved to allow deployment of VR applications and are now being targeted for medical training simulators. A surgical simulator has been designed using a smartphone, Google cardboard 3D glasses, and the Leap Motion (LM) hand controller. Two expert and 16 novice users were tasked with completing the same pointing tasks using both the LM and the medical simulator NeuroTouch. The novice users had an accuracy of 0.2717 bits (SD 0.3899) and the experts had an accuracy of 0.0925 bits (SD 0.1210) while using the NeuroTouch. Novices and …

Ventilation Inhibits Sympathetic Action Potential Recruitment Even During Severe Chemoreflex Stress, Mark B. Badrov, Otto F. Barak, Tanja Mijacika, Leena N. Shoemaker, Lindsay J. Borrell, Mihajlo Lojpur, Ivan Drvis, Zeljko Dujic, J. Kevin Shoemaker

Bone and Joint Institute

© 2017 the American Physiological Society. This study investigated the influence of ventilation on sympathetic action potential (AP) discharge patterns during varying levels of high chemoreflex stress. In seven trained breath-hold divers (age 33 ± 12 yr), we measured muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) at baseline, during preparatory rebreathing (RBR), and during 1) functional residual capacity apnea (FRCApnea) and 2) continued RBR. Data from RBR were analyzed at matched (i.e., to FRCApnea) hemoglobin saturation (HbSat) levels (RBRMatched) or more severe levels (RBREnd). A third protocol compared alternating periods (30 s) of FRC and RBR (FRC-RBRALT). Subjects continued each protocol until …

Manipulation Of Auditory Feedback In Individuals With Normal Hearing And Hearing Loss, Le Truc Linh Vaccarello

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Auditory feedback, the hearing of one’s own voice, plays an important role in the detection of speech errors and the regulation of speech production. The limited auditory cues available with a hearing loss can reduce the ability of individuals with hearing loss to use their auditory feedback. Hearing aids are a common assistive device that amplifies inaudible sounds. Hearing aids can also change auditory feedback through digital signal processing, such as frequency lowering. Frequency lowering moves high frequency information of an incoming auditory stimulus into a lower frequency region where audibility may be better. This can change how speech sounds …

Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase In Smooth Muscle Cells And Aortic Integrity, Alanna R. Watson

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The thoracic aortic wall can degenerate over time with catastrophic consequences. Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) can resist and repair artery damage but their capacities decline with age and stress. Recently, production of NAD⁺ via nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) has emerged as a mediator of cell vitality. However, a role for Nampt in aortic SMCs in vivo is unknown. To study the role of Nampt in SMCs, mice with Nampt-deficient SMCs were generated. SMC-Nampt knockout mice were viable but had mildly dilated aortas. Infusion of angiotensin II led to aortic medial hemorrhage and dissection. SMCs had indicators of premature …

Determining The Impact Of A New Physiotherapist-Led Primary Care Model For Back Pain: Protocol For A Pilot Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial, Jordan Miller, David Barber, Catherine Donnelly, Simon French, Michael Green, Jonathan Hill, Joy Macdermid, Jacquelyn Marsh, Kathleen Norman, Julie Richardson, Monica Taljaard, Timothy Wideman, Lynn Cooper, Colleen Mcphee

Bone and Joint Institute

© 2017 The Author(s). Background: Back pain is a leading contributor to disability, healthcare costs, and lost work. Family physicians are the most common first point of contact in the healthcare system for people with back pain, but physiotherapists (PTs) may be able to support the primary care team through evidence-based primary care. A cluster randomized trial is needed to determine the clinical, health system, and societal impact of a primary care model that integrates physiotherapists at the first visit for people with back pain. Prior to conducting a future fully powered cluster randomized trial, we need to demonstrate feasibility …

Epigenetic Etiology Of Intellectual Disability., Shigeki Iwase, Nathalie G Bérubé, Zhaolan Zhou, Nael Nadif Kasri, Elena Battaglioli, Marilyn Scandaglia, Angel Barco

Paediatrics Publications

Intellectual disability (ID) is a prevailing neurodevelopmental condition associated with impaired cognitive and adaptive behaviors. Many chromatin-modifying enzymes and other epigenetic regulators have been genetically associated with ID disorders (IDDs). Here we review how alterations in the function of histone modifiers, chromatin remodelers, and methyl-DNA binding proteins contribute to neurodevelopmental defects and altered brain plasticity. We also discuss how progress in human genetics has led to the generation of mouse models that unveil the molecular etiology of ID, and outline the direction in which this field is moving to identify therapeutic strategies for IDDs. Importantly, because the chromatin regulators linked …

Nursing Practice During A Mission In Nepal: Ethics And Leadership, Lorena M. Bonilla

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The ability of nurses to reflect or critically examine the impact of professional standards of practice, legal guidelines, and ethical frameworks that influence and guide their practice is essential to help patients achieve quality of life and wellness. Regardless of the location and setting where nursing takes place, contextual factors such as the benefits and potential harm resulting from the care provided, availability of resources, the nurse’s scope of practice, and evidence-based practice guidelines, all affect a nurse’s ability to practice in a safe, ethical, competent, caring, and compassionate manner.

Using an exploratory case study to investigate nurses’ (n=9) view …

The Feasibility Of Square-Stepping Exercise As A Universal Intervention For Older Adults With Chronic Disease To Improve Cognitive And Physical Function, Erin M. Shellington

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Square-stepping exercise (SSE) is a cognitive training program with a physical component. An instructor demonstrates a stepping pattern across a gridded mat and participants are required to memorize and repeat the patterns on their own. In community-dwelling older adults, SSE has demonstrated some benefits on global cognitive functioning (GCF), balance, functional fitness, and social interaction.

Aims: to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of SSE in varied populations and settings to improve mobility and cognition. Populations included older adults with: knee osteoarthritis (OA), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and self-reported cognitive complaints (sCC), and those living in long-term care (LTC) …

E-Visits For Early Post-Operative Visits Following Orthopaedic Surgery Can They Add Efficiency Without Sacrificing Effectiveness, William G. Jeffery

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

We asked 217 sport surgery and 135 total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients to complete a questionnaire (e-Visit) before attending their two and six-week post-operative appointment. Our primary objective was to use the questions asked of patients prior to their appointment to develop a model that could be used as web-based e-Visit to predict early post-operative adverse events. Gold standard comparison was the surgeon’s opinion as to the presence or absence of an event at follow-up. Secondary objective was evaluation of a simplified model. We found good area under the curve (AUC) statistics (0.76 (95% CI 0.69 - 0.84) and 0.80 …

Canadian Guidelines For Controlled Pediatric Donation After Circulatory Determination Of Death-Summary Report, Matthew J Weiss, Laura Hornby, Bram Rochwerg, Michael Van Manen, Sonny Dhanani, V Ben Sivarajan, Amber Appleby, Mary Bennett, Daniel Buchman, Catherine Farrell, Aviva Goldberg, Rebecca Greenberg, Ram Singh, Thomas A Nakagawa, William Witteman, Jill Barter, Allon Beck, Kevin Coughlin, Alf Conradi, Cynthia Cupido, Rosanne Dawson, Anne Dipchand, Darren Freed, Karen Hornby, Valerie Langlois, Cheryl Mack, Meagan Mahoney, Deepak Manhas, Christopher Tomlinson, Samara Zavalkoff, Sam D Shemie

Paediatrics Publications

OBJECTIVES: Create trustworthy, rigorous, national clinical practice guidelines for the practice of pediatric donation after circulatory determination of death in Canada.

METHODS: We followed a process of clinical practice guideline development based on World Health Organization and Canadian Medical Association methods. This included application of Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology. Questions requiring recommendations were generated based on 1) 2006 Canadian donation after circulatory determination of death guidelines (not pediatric specific), 2) a multidisciplinary symposium of national and international pediatric donation after circulatory determination of death leaders, and 3) a scoping review of the pediatric donation after circulatory …

Identification Of A Novel Synaptic Protein, Tmtc3, Involved In Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia With Intellectual Disability And Epilepsy, Sali M K Farhan, Kevin C J Nixon, Michelle Everest, Tara N Edwards, Shirley Long, Dmitri Segal, Maria J Knip, Heleen H Arts, Rana Chakrabarti, Jian Wang, John F Robinson, Donald Lee, Seyed M Mirsattari, C Anthony Rupar, Victoria M Siu, Forge Canada Consortium, Michael O Poulter, Robert A Hegele, Jamie M Kramer

Paediatrics Publications

Defects in neuronal migration cause brain malformations, which are associated with intellectual disability (ID) and epilepsy. Using exome sequencing, we identified compound heterozygous variants (p.Arg71His and p. Leu729ThrfsTer6) in TMTC3, encoding transmembrane and tetratricopeptide repeat containing 3, in four siblings with nocturnal seizures and ID. Three of the four siblings have periventricular nodular heterotopia (PVNH), a common brain malformation caused by failure of neurons to migrate from the ventricular zone to the cortex. Expression analysis using patient-derived cells confirmed reduced TMTC3 transcript levels and loss of the TMTC3 protein compared to parental and control cells. As TMTC3 function is currently …

Disparities In Rate, Triggers, And Management In Pediatric And Adult Cases Of Suspected Drug-Induced Anaphylaxis In Canada, Sofianne Gabrielli, Ann E Clarke, Harley Eisman, Judy Morris, Lawrence Joseph, Sebastien La Vieille, Peter Small, Rodrick Lim, Paul Enarson, Michal Zelcer, Edmond S Chan, Chris Mill, Moshe Ben-Shoshan

Paediatrics Publications

Introduction

Data is sparse on drug-induced anaphylaxis (DIA) and there have not been studies assessing the differences in clinical characteristics and management of DIA between adults and children.

Objective

We assessed the percentage, diagnosis, and management of DIA among all anaphylaxis visits in three pediatric and one adult emergency departments (ED) across Canada.

Methods

Children presenting to the Montreal Children's Hospital (MCH), British Columbia Children's Hospital (BCCH), and Children's Hospital at London Health Sciences Center and adults presenting to Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur with anaphylaxis were recruited as part of the Cross-Canada Anaphylaxis Registry. A standardized data form documenting the reaction …

The Anatomy Of The Infrarenal Lumbar Splanchnic Nerves In Human Cadavers: Implications For Retroperitoneal Nerve-Sparing Surgery, Tyler Beveridge, Dale Fournier, Adam M.R. Groh, Marjorie Johnson, Nicolas E. Power, Brian L. Allman

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Injury to the nerves of the aortic- and superior hypogastric plexuses during retroperitoneal surgery often results in significant post-operative complications, including retrograde ejaculation and/or loss of seminal emission in males. Although previous characterizations of these plexuses have done well to provide a basis for understanding the typical anatomy, additional research into the common variations of these plexuses could further optimize nerve-sparing techniques for retroperitoneal surgery. To achieve this, the present study aimed to document the prevalence and positional variability of the infrarenal lumbar splanchnic nerves (LSNs) through gross dissection of 26 human cadavers. In almost all cases, two LSNs were …

Multiparametric Mri Changes Persist Beyond Recovery In Concussed Adolescent Hockey Players, Kathryn Y. Manning Msc, Amy Achranz Bmsc, Robert Bartha Phd, Gregory A. Dekaban Phd, Christy Barreira Bsc, Arthur Brown Phd, Lisa Fischer Md, Kevin Asem Md, Timothy J. Doherty, Douglas D. Fraser Md Phd, Jeff Holmes Phd, Ravi S. Menon

Anatomy and Cell Biology Publications

Objective: To determine whether multiparametric MRI data can provide insight into the acute and long-lasting neuronal sequelae after a concussion in adolescent athletes.

Methods: Players were recruited from Bantam hockey leagues in which body checking is first introduced (male, age 11–14 years). Clinical measures, diffusion metrics, resting-state network and region-to-region functional connectivity patterns, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy absolute metabolite concentrations were analyzed from an independent, age-matched control group of hockey players (n 5 26) and longitudinally in concussed athletes within 24 to 72 hours (n 5 17) and 3 months (n 5 14) after a diagnosed concussion.

Results: …

High Rates Of Return To Sports Activities And Work After Osteotomies Around The Knee: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Alexander Hoorntje, Suzanne Witjes, P. Paul F.M. Kuijer, Koen L.M. Koenraadt, Rutger C.I. Van Geenen, Joost G. Daams, Alan Getgood, Gino M.M.J. Kerkhoffs

Bone and Joint Institute

© 2017, The Author(s). Background: Knee osteotomies are proven treatment options, especially in younger patients with unicompartmental knee osteoarthritis, for certain cases of chronic knee instability, or as concomitant treatment for meniscal repair or transplantation surgery. Presumably, these patients wish to stay active. Data on whether these patients return to sport (RTS) activities and return to work (RTW) are scarce. Objectives: Our aim was to systematically review (1) the extent to which patients can RTS and RTW after knee osteotomy and (2) the time to RTS and RTW. Methods: We systematically searched the MEDLINE and Embase databases. Two authors screened …

Language Outcomes In Children Who Are Deaf And Hard Of Hearing: The Role Of Language Ability Before Hearing Aid Intervention, Olivia Daub, Marlene P. Bagatto, Andrew M. Johnson, Janis Oram Cardy

Communication Sciences and Disorders Publications

© 2017 American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. Purpose: Early auditory experiences are fundamental in infant language acquisition. Research consistently demonstrates the benefits of early intervention (i.e., hearing aids) to language outcomes in children who are deaf and hard of hearing. The nature of these benefits and their relation with prefitting development are, however, not well understood. Method: This study examined Ontario Infant Hearing Program birth cohorts to explore predictors of performance on the Preschool Language Scale–Fourth Edition at the time of (N = 47) and after (N = 19) initial hearing aid intervention. Results: Regression analyses revealed that, before the hearing aid …

Sustainable Bio-Based Phenol-Formaldehyde Resoles Using Hydrolytically Depolymerized Kraft Lignin, Homaira Siddiqui, Nubla Mahmood, Zhongshun Yuan, Ferdinando Crapulli, Luana Dessbesell, Amin Rizkalla, Ajay Ray, Chunbao Xu

Bone and Joint Institute

© 2017 by the authors. In this study bio-based bio-phenol-formaldehyde (BPF) resoles were prepared using hydrolytically depolymerized Kraft lignin (DKL) as bio-phenol to partially substitute phenol. The effects of phenol substitution ratio, weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of DKL and formaldehyde-to-phenol (F/P) ratio were also investigated to find the optimum curing temperature for BPF resoles. The results indicated that DKL with Mw ∼1200 g/mol provides a curing temperature of less than 180°C for any substitution level, provided that F/P ratios are controlled. Incorporation of lignin reduced the curing temperature of the resin, however, higher Mw DKL negatively affected the curing process. …

Disruption Of Hippocampal Multisynaptic Networks By General Anesthetics., Min-Ching Kuo, L Stan Leung

Physiology and Pharmacology Publications

BACKGROUND: Previous studies showed that synaptic transmission is affected by general anesthetics, but an anesthetic dose response in freely moving animals has not been done. The hippocampus provides a neural network for the evaluation of isoflurane and pentobarbital on multisynaptic transmission that is relevant to memory function.

METHODS: Male Long-Evans rats were implanted with multichannel and single electrodes in the hippocampus. Spontaneous local field potentials and evoked field potentials were recorded in freely behaving rats before (baseline) and after various doses of isoflurane (0.25 to 1.5%) and sodium pentobarbital (10 mg/kg intraperitoneal).

RESULTS: Monosynaptic population excitatory postsynaptic potentials at the …

A Longitudinal Study Of Tumour Metabolism Using Hyperpolarized Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging In A Preclinical Model Of Glioma, Heeseung Lim

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Glioma is the most common and aggressive primary malignant brain tumour. Glioma is typically treated with surgery followed by radio/chemotherapy. Even with aggressive treatment, median survival time is expected to be ~12 to 15 months. Reoccurrence of glioma is almost inevitable, further threatening the well-being of patients who have already endured rigorous treatment. Therefore, it is paramount to choose the most effective therapy and to accurately determine outcome as early as possible to provide optimum end-of-life care. Tumours alter their metabolism in response to increasing energy demands, mainly through increased glycolysis and accompanying lactate production. This increases production of other …

Effect Of Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Molecule-3 On The Severity Of Endothelial Dysfunction Due To Elevation Of Hydrostatic Pressure In An In Vitro Model Of Compartment Syndrome, Michel A. Taylor

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Compartment syndrome (CS) is a surgical emergency caused by elevated pressure within a closed osseofascial compartment. It leads to microvascular dysfunction, limiting oxygen and nutrient delivery, gas exchange, resulting in cellular anoxia, muscle necrosis and cell death.

Currently, the only effective treatment is surgical fasciotomy. Recently, carbon monoxide (CO) delivered via carbon monoxide releasing molecule-3 (CORM-3) has been shown to improve microvascular perfusion and convey anti-inflammatory benefits in animal models of CS.

The contribution of elevated hydrostatic pressure (EHP) to the pathophysiology of CS was examined in an in vitro model of CS. We found that EHP led to increased …