Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Blood-Brain Barrier-Associated Pericytes Internalize And Clear Aggregated Amyloid-Β42 By Lrp1-Dependent Apolipoprotein E Isoform-Specific Mechanism, Qingyi Ma, Zhen Zhao, Abhay P. Sagare, Yingxi Wu, Min Wang, Nelly Chuqui Owens, Philip B. Verghese, Joachim Herz, David M. Holtzman, Berislav V. Zlokovic

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Software For Web-Based Tic Suppression Training [Version 2; Referees: 3 Approved], Jonathan K. Black, Kevin J. Black

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Stigma And Attitudes Toward Patients With Psychiatric Illness Among Postgraduate Indian Physicians, Susmita Chandramouleeswaran, Wesley Rajaleelan, Natasha Catherine Edwin, Ivan Koshy

2010-2019 OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Due to paucity of psychiatrists in India, psychiatric patients often present to other doctors. We aimed to study nonpsychiatric residents' attitude and stigma toward psychiatric patients.

METHODS: A total of 57 postgraduate trainees participated in a cross-sectional study in a tertiary hospital in New Delhi. Attitudes to psychiatric patients were assessed using the attitude to mental illness questionnaire (AMIQ) and the perceived stigma questionnaire. This was correlated with sociodemographic information.

RESULTS: Over 70% residents accepted mentally ill patients as friends and felt they were equally employable. However, AMIQ demonstrated a negative attitude towards patients with schizophrenia. Perceived competence in …

Insights Into Onchocerca Volvulus Population Biology Through Multilocus Immunophenotyping, Carmelle T Norice-Tra, José Ribeiro, Sasisekhar Bennuru, Michael P Fay, Rahul Tyagi, Makedonka Mitreva, Thomas B Nutman

2010-2019 OA Pubs

We have developed a serologically based immunophenotyping approach to study Onchocerca volvulus (Ov) population diversity. Using genomic sequence data and polymerase chain reaction-based genotyping, we identified nonsynonymous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes of 16 major immunogenic Ov proteins: Ov-CHI-1/Ov-CHI-2, Ov16, Ov-FAR-1, Ov-CPI-1, Ov-B20, Ov-ASP-1, Ov-TMY-1, OvSOD1, OvGST1, Ov-CAL-1, M3/M4, Ov-RAL-1, Ov-RAL-2, Ov-ALT-1, Ov-FBA-1, and Ov-B8. We assessed the immunoreactivity of onchocerciasis patient sera (n = 152) from the Americas, West Africa, Central Africa, and East Africa against peptides derived from 10 of these proteins containing SNPs. Statistically significant variation in immunoreactivity among the regions was seen in SNP-containing peptides …

Repeat Treatment With Rifaximin Improves Irritable Bowel Syndrome-Related Quality Of Life: A Secondary Analysis Of A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial, Brooks D Cash, Mark Pimentel, Satish S C Rao, Leonard Weinstock, Lin Chang, Zeev Heimanson, Anthony Lembo

2010-2019 OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) impairs patient quality of life (QOL). Rifaximin is an oral, nonsystemic antibiotic indicated for IBS-D. The objective of this secondary analysis was to evaluate rifaximin retreatment on IBS-related QOL in patients with IBS-D.

METHODS: Patients received open-label rifaximin 550 mg three times daily for 2 weeks. Clinical responders [simultaneously meeting weekly response criteria for abdominal pain (⩾30% improvement from baseline in mean weekly pain score) and stool consistency (⩾50% decrease from baseline in number of days/week with Bristol Stool Scale (BSS) type 6 or 7 stools) during ⩾2 of first 4 weeks posttreatment] who …

Two Novel Susceptibility Loci For Prostate Cancer In Men Of African Ancestry, David V Conti, Bettina F Drake, Adam S Kibel, Et Al.

2010-2019 OA Pubs

Prostate cancer incidence is 1.6-fold higher in African Americans than in other populations. The risk factors that drive this disparity are unknown and potentially consist of social, environmental, and genetic influences. To investigate the genetic basis of prostate cancer in men of African ancestry, we performed a genome-wide association meta-analysis using two-sided statistical tests in 10 202 case subjects and 10 810 control subjects. We identified novel signals on chromosomes 13q34 and 22q12, with the risk-associated alleles found only in men of African ancestry (13q34: rs75823044, risk allele frequency = 2.2%, odds ratio [OR] = 1.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] …

Recommendations For The Clinical Management Of Patients Receiving Macitentan For Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (Pah): A Delphi Consensus Document, Franck F Rahaghi, Murali M Chakinala, Et Al

2010-2019 OA Pubs

In patients treated with macitentan (Opsumit®, Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Basel, Switzerland) for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), prevention and/or effective management of treatment-related adverse events may improve adherence. However, management of these adverse events can be challenging and the base of evidence and clinical experience for macitentan is limited. In the absence of evidence, consensus recommendations from physicians experienced in using macitentan to treat PAH may benefit patients and physicians who are using macitentan. Consensus recommendations were developed by a panel of physicians experienced with macitentan and PAH using a modified Delphi process. Over three iterations, panelists developed and refined a …

Personality Profile And Short-Term Treatment Outcome In Patients With Alcohol Dependence: A Study From South India, Soundarya Soundararajan, Gitanjali Narayanan, Arpana Agrawal, Pratima Murthy

2010-2019 OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Studying personality profiles allows researchers to generate important hypotheses in risk factors and correlates of alcohol use/misuse. Studies examining the association between personality traits and treatment outcome are limited in India. We studied the correlation between personality and treatment outcome in patients with alcohol dependence.

METHODS: Adult participants with alcohol dependence were recruited from the inpatient and outpatient wards of de-addiction unit of a tertiary care facility in India using a prospective design and followed up after 3 months. Questionnaires administered were revised NEO personality inventory (NEO-PI-R), alcohol use disorders identification test, and advanced warning of alcohol relapse (AWARE). …

Subcutaneous Peginterferon Β-1a Injection-Site Reaction Experience And Mitigation: Delphi Analysis Of The Allow Study, Barry Hendin, Deren Huang, Sibyl Wray, Robert T Naismith, Sheri Rosenblatt, Javier Zambrano, Brian Werneburg

2010-2019 OA Pubs

AIM: The objective of this Delphi analysis was to obtain consensus on injection-site reaction (ISR) experience and mitigation strategies for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis switching from nonpegylated interferons (IFNs) to peginterferon β-1a in the ALLOW Phase IIIb trial using a three-step approach.

METHODS: Study investigators and coordinators from investigative sites enrolling four or more patients in ALLOW participated in three rounds of questionnaires and interviews.

RESULTS: Respondents (n = 37) agreed that the most common ISR, erythema, was not disruptive to daily activities. Patient education, as a conversation with a clinician about ISR potential, was recommended.

CONCLUSION: The consensus …

Neurobiology Of The Premonitory Urge In Tourette's Syndrome: Pathophysiology And Treatment Implications, Andrea E Cavanna, Kevin J. Black, Mark Hallett, Valerie Voon

2010-2019 OA Pubs

Motor and vocal tics are relatively common motor manifestations identified as the core features of Tourette's syndrome (TS). Although traditional descriptions have focused on objective phenomenological observations, such as anatomical location, number and frequency of tics, patients' first-person accounts have consistently reported characteristic subjective correlates. These sensory phenomena are often described as a feeling of mounting inner tension or urge to move ("premonitory urge"), which is transiently relieved by tic expression. This article reviews the existing literature on the clinical and neurobiological aspects of the premonitory urge in patients with TS, with focus on its pathophysiology and possible treatment implications.

Tourette Syndrome Research Highlights From 2016 [Version 1; Referees: 3 Approved, 1 Approved With Reservations], Kevin J. Black

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Case Of Apparent Upper-Body Freezing In Parkinsonism While Using A Wheelchair, Samuel T. Nemanich, Marie E. Mcneely, Gammon M. Earhart, Scott A. Norris, Kevin J. Black

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Provisional Tic Disorder: What To Tell Parents When Their Child First Starts Ticcing, Kevin J. Black, Elizabeth Rose Black, Deanna J. Greene, Bradley L. Schlaggar

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Considerations For Mri Study Design And Implementation In Pediatric And Clinical Populations, Deanna J. Greene, Kevin J. Black, Bradley L. Schlaggar

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Rapid Quantitative Pharmacodynamic Imaging With Bayesian Estimation, Jonathan M. Koller, M. Jonathan Vachon, G. Larry Bretthorst, Kevin J. Black

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

The Human Experience With Intravenous Levodopa, Shan H. Siddiqi, Natalia K. Abraham, Christopher L. Geiger, Morvarid Karimi, Joel S. Perlmutter, Kevin J. Black

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Optics Of Cone Photoreceptors In The Chicken (Gallus Gallus Domesticus), David Wilby, Matthew B Toomey, Peter Olsson, Rikard Frederiksen, M Carter Cornwall, Ruth Oulton, Almut Kelber, Joseph C Corbo, Nicholas W Roberts

2010-2019 OA Pubs

Vision is the primary sensory modality of birds, and its importance is evident in the sophistication of their visual systems. Coloured oil droplets in the cone photoreceptors represent an adaptation in the avian retina, acting as long-pass colour filters. However, we currently lack understanding of how the optical properties and morphology of component structures (e.g. oil droplet, mitochondrial ellipsoid and outer segment) of the cone photoreceptor influence the transmission of light into the outer segment and the ultimate effect they have on receptor sensitivity. In this study, we use data from microspectrophotometry, digital holographic microscopy and electron microscopy to inform …

Molecular Dynamics Simulations Of Kirbac1.1 Mutants Reveal Global Gating Changes Of Kir Channels, Tobias Linder, Shizhen Wang, Eva-Maria Zangerl-Plessl, Colin G Nichols, Anna Stary-Weinzinger

2010-2019 OA Pubs

Prokaryotic inwardly rectifying (KirBac) potassium channels are homologous to mammalian Kir channels. Their activity is controlled by dynamical conformational changes that regulate ion flow through a central pore. Understanding the dynamical rearrangements of Kir channels during gating requires high-resolution structure information from channels crystallized in different conformations and insight into the transition steps, which are difficult to access experimentally. In this study, we use MD simulations on wild type KirBac1.1 and an activatory mutant to investigate activation gating of KirBac channels. Full atomistic MD simulations revealed that introducing glutamate in position 143 causes significant widening at the helix bundle crossing …

Orthostatic Stability With Intravenous Levodopa, Shan H. Siddiqi, Mary L. Creech, Kevin J. Black

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Hif-1Α Mediates Isoflurane-Induced Vascular Protection In Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Eric Milner, Andrew W. Johnson, James W. Nelson, Michael D. Harries, Jeffrey M. Gidday, Byung Hee Han, Gregory J. Zipfel

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

An Automated Motion Detection And Reward System For Animal Training, Brad Miller, Audrey N. Lim, Arnold F. Heidbreder, Kevin J. Black

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Insulin, Central Dopamine D2 Receptors, And Monetary Reward Discounting In Obesity, Sarah A. Eisenstein, Danuta M. Gredysa, Jo Ann Antenor-Dorsey, Leonard Green, Ana Maria Arbelaez, Jonathan M. Koller, Kevin J. Black, Joel S. Perlmutter, Stephen M. Moerlein, Tamara Hershey

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Emotional Eating Phenotype Is Associated With Central Dopamine D2 Receptor Binding Independent Of Body Mass Index, Sarah A. Eisenstein, Allison N. Bischoff, Danuta M. Gradysa, Jo Ann V. Antenor-Dorsey, Jonathan M. Koller, Amal Al-Lozi, Marta Y. Pepino, Samuel Klein, Joel S. Perlmutter, Stephen M. Morelein, Kevin J. Black, Tamara Hershey

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Impact Of A Structured Review Session On Medical Student Psychiatry Subject Examination Performance, Shan H. Siddiqi, Kevin J. Black, Fay Y. Womer

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Tourette Syndrome Research Highlights 2014, Cheryl A. Richards, Kevin J. Black

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Reward Enhances Tic Suppression In Children Within Months Of Tic Disorder Onset, Deanna J. Greene, Jonathan M. Koller, Amy Robichaux-Viehoever, Emily C. Bihun, Bradley L. Schlaggar, Kevin J. Black

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Additive Global Cerebral Blood Flow Normalization In Arterial Spin Labeling Perfusion Imaging, Stephanie B. Stewart, Jonathan M. Koller, Meghan C. Campbell, Joel S. Perlmutter, Kevin J. Black

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Training Programme To Build Cancer Research Capacity In Low- And Middle-Income Countries: Findings From Guatemala, Lauren D Arnold, Joaquin Barnoya, Eduardo N Gharzouzi, Peter Benson, Graham A Colditz

2010-2019 OA Pubs

PROBLEM: Guatemala is experiencing an increasing burden of cancer but lacks capacity for cancer prevention, control and research.

APPROACH: In partnership with a medical school in the United States of America, a multidisciplinary Cancer Control Research Training Institute was developed at the Instituto de Cancerología (INCAN) in Guatemala City. This institute provided a year-long training programme for clinicians that focused on research methods in population health and sociocultural anthropology. The programme included didactic experiences in Guatemala and the United States as well as applied training in which participants developed research protocols responsive to Guatemala's cancer needs.

LOCAL SETTING: Although INCAN …

Developmental Changes In The Organization Of Functional Connections Between The Basal Ganglia And Cerebral Cortex, Deanna J. Greene, Timothy O. Laumann, Joseph W. Dubis, S. Katie Ihnen, Maital Neta, Jonathan D. Power, John R. Pruett Jr, Kevin J. Black, Bradley L. Schlaggar

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Spatial Reorganization Of Putaminal Dopamine D2-Like Receptors In Cranial And Hand Dystonia, Kevin J. Black, Abraham Z. Snyder, Jonathan W. Mink, Veeral N. Tolia, Fredy J. Revilla, Stephen M. Moerlein, Joel S. Perlmutter

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.