Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Dietary Patterns Are Not Associated With Disease Activity Among Patients With Inflammatory Conditions Of The Pouch In A Prospective Cohort, Edward L Barnes, Poonam Beniwal-Patel, Parakkal Deepak, Laura Raffals, Maia Kayal, Marla Dubinsky, Shannon Chang, Peter D R Higgins, Jennifer I Barr, Chelsea Anderson, Raymond K Cross, Millie D Long, Hans H Herfarth

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Evidence-based recommendations regarding the influence of diet on inflammatory conditions of the pouch after restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) are limited.

METHODS: We analyzed dietary patterns at enrollment in a prospective registry of patients with 1 of 4 inflammatory conditions of the pouch (acute pouchitis, chronic antibiotic-dependent pouchitis, chronic antibiotic refractory pouchitis, and Crohn's disease of the pouch). We analyzed dietary intake by disease activity at enrollment and then compared dietary patterns among patients who remained in remission throughout the 12-month follow-up to those patients who experienced a disease relapse. We also compared dietary patterns among patients …

Healthcare Costs Of Clostridioides Difficile Infection In Commercially Insured Younger Adults, John M Sahrmann, Margaret A Olsen, Matthew R Keller, Holly Yu, Erik R Dubberke

2020-Current year OA Pubs

In a US adult population aged <65 years, attributable costs due to

Ethanolaminephosphate Cytidylyltransferase Is Essential For Survival, Lipid Homeostasis And Stress Tolerance In Leishmania Major, Somrita Basu, Mattie C. Pawlowic, Fong-Fu Hsu, Geoff Thomas, Kai Zhang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Glycerophospholipids including phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) are vital components of biological membranes. Trypanosomatid parasites of the genus Leishmania can acquire PE and PC via de novo synthesis and the uptake/remodeling of host lipids. In this study, we investigated the ethanolaminephosphate cytidylyltransferase (EPCT) in Leishmania major, which is the causative agent for cutaneous leishmaniasis. EPCT is a key enzyme in the ethanolamine branch of the Kennedy pathway which is responsible for the de novo synthesis of PE. Our results demonstrate that L. major EPCT is a cytosolic protein capable of catalyzing the formation of CDP-ethanolamine from ethanolamine-phosphate and cytidine triphosphate. …

Point-Of-Care Tissue Oxygenation Assessment With Snapshotnir For Alloplastic And Autologous Breast Reconstruction, William R. Moritz, John Daines, Joani M. Christensen, Terence Myckatyn, Justin M. Sacks, Amanda M. Westman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: In breast reconstruction, mastectomy and free flaps are susceptible to vascular compromise and tissue necrosis. The SnapshotNIR device (Kent Imaging, Calgary, AB, Canada) utilizes near-infrared spectroscopy to measure tissue oxygen saturation (StO

METHODS: Patients receiving immediate alloplastic reconstruction after mastectomy or autologous reconstruction were enrolled. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative images were taken of the flaps. StO

RESULTS: Thirty-two breasts underwent alloplastic reconstruction; 38 breasts underwent autologous reconstruction. No enrollees developed skin necrosis. StO

CONCLUSIONS: The SnapshotNIR device detected normal spatial and temporal differences in tissue oxygenation over the operative course of alloplastic and autologous breast reconstruction. A multi-institutional, prospective …

Exploring The Natural History Of Intrinsic Capacity Impairments: Longitudinal Patterns In The 10/66 Study, Emmanuel Gonzalez-Bautista, Jorge Jesus Llibre-Guerra, Ana L Sosa, Isaac Acosta, Sandrine Andrieu, Daisy Acosta, Juan De Jesús Llibre-Rodríguez, Matthew Prina

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: intrinsic capacity (IC) is a construct encompassing people's physical and mental abilities. There is an implicit link amongst IC domains: cognition, locomotion, nutrition, sensory and psychological. However, little is known about the integration of the domains.

OBJECTIVES: to investigate patterns in the presentation and evolution of IC domain impairments in low-and-middle-income countries and if such patterns were associated with adverse outcomes.

METHODS: secondary analyses of the first two waves of the 10/66 study (population-based surveys conducted in eight urban and four rural catchment areas in Cuba, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Venezuela, Peru, Mexico and China). We applied latent transition …

Complete Hydatidiform Mole With A Coexisting Viable Male Fetus Detected By Cell-Free Dna, Mackenzie Lemieux, Lauren Kus, Kali Stewart, Mai He, Jackson Rowe, Matthew Brady, Katherine Bligard, Megan Lawlor, Jeannie Kelly

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Complete hydatidiform mole with coexisting fetus (CHMCF) is rare, and diagnosis is challenging due to limited data. Here, we present the case of a patient with noninvasive prenatal test (NIPT) resulting in "likely molar pregnancy" in the second trimester. Subsequent ultrasound confirmed a cystic appearing portion of the placenta. At 22 weeks, the patient delivered a demised fetus and two placentas. Pathology was consistent with CHMCF. This case is the first to show primary detection of a CHMCF with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based NIPT prior to ultrasound identification. Our case suggests the use of SNP-based NIPT as an alternative noninvasive method …

Glp-1r Agonists Demonstrate Potential To Treat Wolfram Syndrome In Human Preclinical Models, Vyron Gorgogietas, Cris Brown, Fumihiko Urano, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Wolfram syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the WFS1 gene. It is characterised by insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, optic nerve atrophy, diabetes insipidus, hearing loss and neurodegeneration. Considering the unmet treatment need for this orphan disease, this study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists under wolframin (WFS1) deficiency with a particular focus on human beta cells and neurons.

METHODS: The effect of the GLP-1R agonists dulaglutide and exenatide was examined in Wfs1 knockout mice and in an array of human preclinical models of Wolfram syndrome, including WFS1-deficient …

A Geriatric Approach To Percutaneous Coronary Interventions In Older Adults, Part Ii: A Jacc: Advances Expert Panel, Michael G Nanna, Michael W Rich, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

We review a comprehensive risk assessment approach for percutaneous coronary interventions in older adults and highlight the relevance of geriatric syndromes within that broader perspective to optimize patient-centered outcomes in interventional cardiology practice. Reflecting the influence of geriatric principles in older adults undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions, we propose a "geriatric" heart team to incorporate the expertise of geriatric specialists in addition to the traditional heart team members, facilitate uptake of the geriatric risk assessment into the preprocedural risk assessment, and address ways to mitigate these geriatric risks. We also address goals of care in older adults, highlighting common priorities that …

Enhanced 3d Visualization Of Human Fallopian Tube Morphology Using A Miniature Optical Coherence Tomography Catheter, Hongbo Luo, Shuying Li, Sitai Kou, Yixiao Lin, Ian S Hagemann, Quing Zhu

2020-Current year OA Pubs

We demonstrate the use of our miniature optical coherence tomography catheter to acquire three-dimensional human fallopian tube images. Images of the fallopian tube's tissue morphology, vasculature, and tissue heterogeneity distribution are enhanced by adaptive thresholding, masking, and intensity inverting, making it easier to differentiate malignant tissue from normal tissue. The results show that normal fallopian tubes tend to have rich vasculature accompanied by a patterned tissue scattering background, features that do not appear in malignant cases. This finding suggests that miniature OCT catheters may have great potential for fast optical biopsy of the fallopian tube.

An Rrna Fragment In Extracellular Vesicles Secreted By Human Airway Epithelial Cells Increases The Fluoroquinolone Sensitivity Of P. Aeruginosa, Katja Koeppen, Thomas H Hampton, Roxanna Barnaby, Carolyn Roche, Scott A Gerber, Young Ah Goo, Byoung-Kyu Cho, Danielle M Vermilyea, Deborah A Hogan, Bruce A Stanton

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Lung infections caused by antibiotic-resistant strains of

Recurrent Myocardial Injury Leads To Disease Tolerance In A Murine Model Of Stress-Induced Cardiomyopathy, Sajal K Tiwary, Tomohiro Hayashi, Attila Kovacs, Douglas L Mann

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Whereas the innate immune response to an initial episode of cardiac injury has been studied extensively, the response of the immune system to recurrent cardiac tissue injury is not well understood. Specifically, it is not known whether the immune system adapts to the initial episode of cardiac injury and whether any adaptations that occur lead to immune cell hypo-responsiveness or, alternatively, immune cell hyper-responsiveness. Here, we studied the role of adrenergic-mediated stress using a simple model of reversible stress-induced cardiomyopathy, and show that isoproterenol-induced tissue injury and inflammation are sufficient to protect the heart from the myopathic effects of a …

Rapid And Sustained Improvements In Generalized Pustular Psoriasis Physician Global Assessment Scores With Spesolimab For Treatment Of Generalized Pustular Psoriasis Flares In The Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Effisayil 1 Study, Boni E Elewski, Mark G Lebwohl, Milan J Anadkat, Jonathan Barker, Kamran Ghoreschi, Shinichi Imafuku, Ulrich Mrowietz, Ling Li, Manuel Quaresma, Christian Thoma, Hervé Bachelez

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Effisayil 1 was a randomized, placebo-controlled study of spesolimab, which is an anti-IL-36 receptor antibody, in patients presenting with a generalized pustular psoriasis flare.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of spesolimab over the 12-week study.

METHODS: The primary endpoint of the study was Generalized Pustular Psoriasis Physician Global Assessment (GPPGA) pustulation subscore of 0 at week 1. Patients (N = 53) were randomized (2:1) to receive a single intravenous dose of 900 mg spesolimab or placebo on day 1. Patients could receive open-label spesolimab for persistent flare symptoms on day 8.

RESULTS: Most patients receiving spesolimab achieved a GPPGA …

Helping Low-Income Smokers Quit: Findings From A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Specialized Quitline Services With And Without Social Needs Navigation, Matthew W Kreuter, Lauren M Grimes, Amy Mcqueen, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Quitting smoking is especially challenging for low-income smokers due to high stress, high smoking prevalence around them, and limited support for quitting. This study aimed to determine whether any of three interventions designed specifically for low-income smokers would be more effective than standard tobacco quitline services: a specialized quitline, the specialized quitline with social needs navigation, or the standard quitline with social needs navigation.

METHODS: Using a randomized 2 × 2 factorial design, low-income daily cigarette smokers (n = 1944) in Missouri, USA who called a helpline seeking assistance with food, rent or other social needs were assigned to …

Aga Clinical Practice Update On Interventional Eus For Vascular Investigation And Therapy: Commentary, Marvin Ryou, John M Dewitt, Koushik K Das, Vanessa M Shami

2020-Current year OA Pubs

DESCRIPTION: The purpose of this AGA Institute Clinical Practice Update is to review the available evidence supporting and examine opportunities for future research in endoscopic ultrasound-guided vascular investigation and therapies.

METHODS: This Clinical Practice Update was commissioned and approved by the AGA Institute Clinical Practice Updates Committee and the AGA Governing Board to provide timely guidance on a topic of high clinical importance to the AGA membership, and underwent internal peer review by the Clinical Practice Updates Committee and external peer review through standard procedures of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. This expert commentary incorporates important as well as recently published …

Blood Neurofilament Light Levels Predict Non-Relapsing Progression Following Anti-Cd20 Therapy In Relapsing And Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: Findings From The Ocrelizumab Randomised, Double-Blind Phase 3 Clinical Trials, Amit Bar-Or, Anne H Cross, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Neurofilament light chain (NfL), a neuronal cytoskeletal protein that is released upon neuroaxonal injury, is associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) relapsing activity and has demonstrated some prognostic ability for future relapse-related disease progression, yet its value in assessing non-relapsing disease progression remains unclear.

METHODS: We examined baseline and longitudinal blood NfL levels in 1421 persons with relapsing MS (RMS) and 596 persons with primary progressive MS (PPMS) from the pivotal ocrelizumab MS trials. NfL treatment-response and risk for disease worsening (including disability progression into the open-label extension period and slowly expanding lesions [SELs] on brain MRI) at baseline and …

Future Considerations In The Diagnosis And Treatment Of Compressive Neuropathies Of The Upper Extremity, Elizabeth A Graesser, Christopher J Dy, David M Brogan

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Compressive neuropathies of the upper extremity are among the most common conditions seen by hand surgeons. The diagnoses of carpal tunnel syndrome and cubital tunnel syndrome have traditionally been made by a combination of history, physical examination, and electrodiagnostic testing. However, findings can be nonspecific and electrodiagnostic testing is invasive for the patient. The diagnosis of compressive neuropathies continues to evolve as technology advances, and newer diagnostic modalities predominantly focus on preoperative diagnostic imaging with ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging/neurography. With the advent of cheaper, faster, and less invasive imaging, the future may bring a paradigm shift away from electrophysiology …

Coping Strategies And Symptoms Of Mental Health Disorders Among People With Hiv Initiating Hiv Care In Cameroon, Angela M Parcesepe, Lindsey M Filiatreau, Amanda Gomez, Peter Vanes Ebasone, Anastase Dzudie, Brian W Pence, Milton Wainberg, Marcel Yotebieng, Kathryn Anastos, Eric Pefura-Yone, Denis Nsame, Rogers Ajeh, Denis Nash

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Little is known about the coping strategies used among people with HIV (PWH), especially in sub-Saharan Africa, and the extent to which adaptive or maladaptive coping strategies are associated with symptoms of mental health disorders. We interviewed 426 PWH initiating HIV care in Cameroon and reported the prevalence of adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies, overall and by presence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Log binominal regression was used to estimate the association between each type of coping strategy (adaptive or maladaptive) and symptoms of each mental health disorder, separately. Adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies were commonly reported among …

Plasma Proteomic Patterns Show Sex Differences In Early Concentric Left Ventricular Remodeling, Anne-Mar Van Ommen, Ernest Diez Benavente, N. Charlotte Onland-Moret, Gideon B. Valstar, Maarten J. Cramer, Frans H. Rutten, Arco J. Teske, Roxana Menken, Leonard Hofstra, Igor I. Tulevski, Nancy Sweitzer, G. Aernout Somsen, Hester M. Den Ruijter

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Concentric remodeling (cRM) can precede heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), a condition prevalent in women.

METHODS: Patients (n=60 593, 54.2% women) visiting outpatient clinics of Cardiology Centers of the Netherlands were analyzed for cRM, HFpEF development, and mortality risk. We studied risk factors for relative wall thickness both sex-stratified and in women and men combined. Biomarker profiling was performed (4534 plasma proteins) in a substudy involving 557 patients (65.4% women) to identify pathways involved in cRM.

RESULTS: cRM was present in 23.5% of women and 27.6% of men and associated with developing HFpEF (HR, 2.15 [95% CI, …

Organization Of The Human Intestine At Single-Cell Resolution, John W Hickey, Zhengyan Zhang, Yiing Lin, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The intestine is a complex organ that promotes digestion, extracts nutrients, participates in immune surveillance, maintains critical symbiotic relationships with microbiota and affects overall health

Validation Of A Farsi Version Of The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (F-Ede-Q) In Adolescents And University Students From Iran, Reza N Sahlan, Jessica F Saunders, Patrycja Klimek-Johnson, Alexandra D Convertino, Jason M Lavender, Ellen E Fitzsimmons-Craft, Jason M Nagata

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Although the Farsi version of the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (F-EDE-Q) is frequently utilized to assess disordered eating in Iran, its factor structure, reliability, and validity have not been investigated in Iranian samples, which is the aim of the current investigation.

METHOD: Using convenience sampling, this study recruited 1112 adolescents and 637 university students to complete disordered eating and mental health-focused questionnaires, including the F-EDE-Q.

RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analyses of the 22 attitudinal items in the F-EDE-Q indicated that a brief seven-item, three-factor model (i.e., Dietary Restraint, Shape/Weight Overvaluation, Body Dissatisfaction with Shape and Weight) was the only factor structure …

Microrna-145 And Microrna-486 Are Potential Serum Biomarkers For Vascular Calcification, Sara Fernández-Villabrille, Beatriz Martín-Carro, Julia Martín-Vírgala, Cristina Alonso-Montes, Carmen Palomo-Antequera, Raúl García-Castro, Susana López-Ongil, Adriana S Dusso, José Luis Fernández-Martín, Manuel Naves-Díaz, Jorge B Cannata-Andía, Natalia Carrillo-López, Sara Panizo

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: MicroRNAs (miRs) regulate vascular calcification (VC), and their quantification may contribute to suspicion of the presence of VC.

METHODS: The study was performed in four phases. Phase 1: miRs sequencing of rat calcified and non-calcified aortas. Phase 2: miRs with the highest rate of change, plus miR-145 [the most abundant miR in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs)], were validated in aortas and serum from rats with and without VC. Phase 3: the selected miRs were analyzed in epigastric arteries from kidney donors and recipients, and serum samples from general population. Phase 4: VSMCs were exposed to different phosphorus concentrations, …

Exploratory Genome-Wide Analyses Of Cortical Inhibition, Facilitation, And Plasticity In Late-Life Depression, Rafae A Wathra, Xiaoyu Men, Samar S M Elsheikh, Victoria S Marshe, Tarek K Rajji, Jennifer I Lissemore, Benoit H Mulsant, Jordan F Karp, Charles F Reynolds 3rd, Eric J Lenze, Zafiris J Daskalakis, Daniel J Müller, Daniel M Blumberger

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Late-life depression (LLD) is a heterogenous mood disorder influenced by genetic factors. Cortical physiological processes such as cortical inhibition, facilitation, and plasticity may be markers of illness that are more strongly associated with genetic factors than the clinical phenotype. Thus, exploring the relationship between genetic factors and these physiological processes may help to characterize the biological mechanisms underlying LLD and improve diagnosis and treatment selection. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) combined with electromyography was used to measure short interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), cortical silent period (CSP), intracortical facilitation (ICF), and paired associative stimulation (PAS) in 79 participants with LLD. We used …

Benefits Of A 12-Week Non-Drug "Brain Fitness Program" For Patients With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder, Post-Concussion Syndrome, Or Memory Loss, Majid Fotuhi, Noah D Khorrami, Cyrus A Raji

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Non-pharmacologic interventions can potentially improve cognitive function, sleep, and/or mood in patients with attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder (ADHD), post-concussion syndrome (PCS), or memory loss.

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the benefits of a brain rehabilitation program in an outpatient neurology practice that consists of targeted cognitive training, lifestyle coaching, and electroencephalography (EEG)-based neurofeedback, twice weekly (90 minutes each), for 12 weeks.

METHODS: 223 child and adult patients were included: 71 patients with ADHD, 88 with PCS, and 64 with memory loss (mild cognitive impairment or subjective cognitive decline). Patients underwent a complete neurocognitive evaluation, including tests for Verbal Memory, Complex Attention, Processing Speed, …

Esophageal Secondary Peristalsis Following Acid Infusion And Chemical Clearance Correlate With Mucosal Integrity And Acid Sensitivity In Gerd Patients, Ming-Wun Wong, Jui-Sheng Hung, Wei-Yi Lei, Tso-Tsai Liu, Chih-Hsun Yi, Shu-Wei Liang, Chandra Prakash Gyawali, Jen-Hung Wang, Chien-Lin Chen

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Acid sensitivity can be altered in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Secondary peristalsis helps clear gastro-esophageal refluxate and residual ingested food bolus.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations among acid sensitivity, esophageal mucosal integrity, chemical clearance, and secondary peristalsis before and after esophageal acid infusion.

DESIGN: This was an investigator-initiated, prospective, cross-sectional study.

METHODS: Adult reflux patients underwent high resolution manometry and 24 h impedance-pH monitoring off acid suppression to identify GERD phenotypes, including non-erosive reflux disease (NERD), reflux hypersensitivity (RH), and functional heartburn (FH). Secondary peristalsis was assessed using five rapid 20 …

The Highly Conserved Stem-Loop Ii Motif Is Dispensable For Sars-Cov-2, Hongbing Jiang, Astha Joshi, Tianyu Gan, Andrew B Janowski, Chika Fujii, Traci L Bricker, Tamarand L Darling, Houda H Harastani, Kuljeet Seehra, Stephen Tahan, Ana Jung, Binita Febles, Joshua A Blatter, Scott A Handley, Bijal A Parikh, David Wang, Adrianus C M Boon, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The stem-loop II motif (s2m) is an RNA structural element that is found in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of many RNA viruses, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Though the motif was discovered over 25 years ago, its functional significance is unknown. In order to understand the importance of s2m, we created viruses with deletions or mutations of the s2m by reverse genetics and also evaluated a clinical isolate harboring a unique s2m deletion. Deletion or mutation of the s2m had no effect on growth

A Moment Kernel Machine For Clinical Data Mining To Inform Medical Decision Making, Yao-Chi Yu, Wei Zhang, David O'Gara, Jr-Shin Li, Su-Hsin Chang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Machine learning-aided medical decision making presents three major challenges: achieving model parsimony, ensuring credible predictions, and providing real-time recommendations with high computational efficiency. In this paper, we formulate medical decision making as a classification problem and develop a moment kernel machine (MKM) to tackle these challenges. The main idea of our approach is to treat the clinical data of each patient as a probability distribution and leverage moment representations of these distributions to build the MKM, which transforms the high-dimensional clinical data to low-dimensional representations while retaining essential information. We then apply this machine to various pre-surgical clinical datasets to …

Epigenome-Wide Association Study Identifies Novel Genes Associated With Ischemic Stroke, Hao Peng, Helena Palma-Gudiel, Carolina Soriano-Tarraga, Jordi Jimenez-Conde, Mingzhi Zhang, Yonghong Zhang, Jinying Zhao

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: DNA methylation has previously been associated with ischemic stroke, but the specific genes and their functional roles in ischemic stroke remain to be determined. Here we aimed to identify differentially methylated genes that play a functional role in ischemic stroke in a Chinese population.

RESULTS: Genome-wide DNA methylation assessed with the Illumina Methylation EPIC Array in a discovery sample including 80 Chinese adults (40 cases vs. 40 controls) found that patients with ischemic stroke were characterized by increased DNA methylation at six CpG loci (individually located at TRIM6, FLRT2, SOX1, SOX17, AGBL4, and FAM84A, respectively) and decreased DNA methylation …

Inclusive Recruitment Strategies To Maximize Sociodemographic Diversity Among Participants: A St. Louis Case Study, Chelsey R. Carter, Julia Maki, Nicole Ackermann, Erika A. Waters

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED:

HIGHLIGHTS: We provide concrete strategies for recruiting, enrolling, and retaining a sociodemographically diverse study sample.We offer cost estimates for all stages of study recruitment and found that in-person recruitment was the most effective, but also the most expensive, way to identify Black participants and participants with no college experience.It is critical for investigators to have access to institutional infrastructure and resources to support conducting research that is inclusive of diverse sociodemographic groups.An intentionally diverse recruitment staff supports a diverse study sample.

Neuraminidase Activity Modulates Cellular Coinfection During Influenza A Virus Multicycle Growth, Zijian Guo, Yuanyuan He, Jian Xu, Ananya N. Benegal, Steven L. Brody, Michael D. Vahey

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Infection of individual cells by multiple virions plays critical roles in the replication and spread of many viruses, but mechanisms that control cellular coinfection during multicycle viral growth remain unclear. Here, we investigate virus-intrinsic factors that control cellular coinfection by influenza A virus (IAV). Using quantitative fluorescence to track the spread of virions from single infected cells, we identify the IAV surface protein neuraminidase (NA) as a key determinant of cellular coinfection. We map this effect to NA's ability to deplete viral receptors from both infected and neighboring uninfected cells. In cases in which viral infectious potential is low, genetic …

Histidine-Rich Protein Ii Nanoparticle Delivery Of Heme Iron Load Drives Endothelial Inflammation In Cerebral Malaria, Suong T Nguyen, Daniel Du, Daniel Wychrij, Matthew D Cain, Qingping Wu, Robyn S Klein, Ilaria Russo, Daniel E Goldberg

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Histidine-rich protein II (HRPII) is secreted by