Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Increased Incidence And Risk Of Septicemia And Urinary Tract Infection After Clostridioides Difficile Infection, Margaret A Olsen, Matthew R Keller, Dustin Stwalley, Holly Yu, Erik R Dubberke

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Although increased occurrence of septicemia in persons with

METHODS: The first episode of CDI was identified using 2011-2017 MarketScan and CMS Medicare data and CDI cases categorized by standard surveillance definitions. Uninfected persons were frequency matched 4:1 to cases by the CDI case surveillance definition. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify risk factors for septicemia and UTI within 90 days of CDI onset, accounting for the competing risk of death in the Medicare population.

RESULTS: The incidence of septicemia was highest after hospital-onset CDI in the Medicare, younger commercial, and younger Medicaid populations (25.5%, 15.7%, and …

Proteomics Of Adjacent-To-Tumor Samples Uncovers Clinically Relevant Biological Events In Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Hongwen Zhu, Li Ding, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Normal adjacent tissues (NATs) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) differ from healthy liver tissues and their heterogeneity may contain biological information associated with disease occurrence and clinical outcome that has yet to be fully evaluated at the proteomic level. This study provides a detailed description of the heterogeneity of NATs and the differences between NATs and healthy livers and revealed that molecular features of tumor subgroups in HCC were partially reflected in their respective NATs. Proteomic data classified HCC NATs into two subtypes (Subtypes 1 and 2), and Subtype 2 was associated with poor prognosis and high-risk recurrence. The pathway and …

Impact Of Donor Age And Relationship On Outcomes Of Peripheral Blood Haploidentical Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Aaron Pruitt, Feng Gao, Elisa De Togni, Hunter Cochran, Sonia Godbole, Michael Slade, Ramzi Abboud

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Here we describe a retrospective analysis of outcomes in 299 patients who underwent peripheral blood haplo-HCT with PTCy from July 2009 through May 2021 and their association with donor characteristics. Patients had mostly acute leukemias and high or very high DRI. Multivariate analyses were conducted examining OS, NRM, relapse, cytokine release syndrome, acute and chronic GVHD. Donor characteristics included age, sex, relationship, ABO status, CMV status, and HLA match grade. Our analysis revealed increasing donor age was associated with higher NRM (compared to age <30; age 30-44 HR, 1.65; P = 0.110, age >44 HR, 1.80; P = 0.056) but lower relapse risk (compared to age <30; age 30-44 HR, 0.61; P = 0.034, age > 44 HR, 0.71; …

Csf Mtbr-Tau243 Is A Specific Biomarker Of Tau Tangle Pathology In Alzheimer's Disease, Kanta Horie, Nicolas R Barthélemy, Yan Li, Yingxin He, Benjamin Saef, Charles D Chen, Hong Jiang, Chihiro Sato, Brian A Gordon, Tammie L S Benzinger, David M Holtzman, John C Morris, Suzanne E Schindler, Randall J Bateman, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Aggregated insoluble tau is one of two defining features of Alzheimer's disease. Because clinical symptoms are strongly correlated with tau aggregates, drug development and clinical diagnosis need cost-effective and accessible specific fluid biomarkers of tau aggregates; however, recent studies suggest that the fluid biomarkers currently available cannot specifically track tau aggregates. We show that the microtubule-binding region (MTBR) of tau containing the residue 243 (MTBR-tau243) is a new cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker specific for insoluble tau aggregates and compared it to multiple other phosphorylated tau measures (p-tau181, p-tau205, p-tau217 and p-tau231) in two independent cohorts (BioFINDER-2, n = 448; and …

Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteomics Define The Natural History Of Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer's Disease, Erik C B Johnson, Brian A Gordon, Eric Mcdade, Nicolas R Barthélemy, Celeste M Karch, Chengjie Xiong, Carlos Cruchaga, Richard J Perrin, John C Morris, Tammie L S Benzinger, Randall J Bateman, Anne M Fagan, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology develops many years before the onset of cognitive symptoms. Two pathological processes-aggregation of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide into plaques and the microtubule protein tau into neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs)-are hallmarks of the disease. However, other pathological brain processes are thought to be key disease mediators of Aβ plaque and NFT pathology. How these additional pathologies evolve over the course of the disease is currently unknown. Here we show that proteomic measurements in autosomal dominant AD cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) linked to brain protein coexpression can be used to characterize the evolution of AD pathology over a timescale spanning …

A High-Performance Speech Neuroprosthesis, Francis R Willett, Erin M Kunz, Chaofei Fan, Donald T Avansino, Guy H Wilson, Eun Young Choi, Foram Kamdar, Matthew F Glasser, Leigh R Hochberg, Shaul Druckmann, Krishna V Shenoy, Jaimie M Henderson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Speech brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have the potential to restore rapid communication to people with paralysis by decoding neural activity evoked by attempted speech into text

Positron Emission Tomography And Magnetic Resonance Imaging Methods And Datasets Within The Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (Dian), Nicole S Mckay, Brian A Gordon, Russ C Hornbeck, Aylin Dincer, Shaney Flores, Sarah J Keefe, Nelly Joseph-Mathurin, Peter R Millar, Beau M Ances, Charles D Chen, Alisha Daniels, Diana A Hobbs, Kelley Jackson, Deborah Koudelis, Parinaz Massoumzadeh, Austin Mccullough, Michael L Nickels, Farzaneh Rahmani, Laura Swisher, Qing Wang, Carlos Cruchaga, Jason Hassenstab, Celeste Karch, Eric Mcdade, Richard J Perrin, Chengjie Xiong, John C Morris, Randall J Bateman, Tammie L S Benzinger, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN) is an international collaboration studying autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease (ADAD). ADAD arises from mutations occurring in three genes. Offspring from ADAD families have a 50% chance of inheriting their familial mutation, so non-carrier siblings can be recruited for comparisons in case-control studies. The age of onset in ADAD is highly predictable within families, allowing researchers to estimate an individual's point in the disease trajectory. These characteristics allow candidate AD biomarker measurements to be reliably mapped during the preclinical phase. Although ADAD represents a small proportion of AD cases, understanding neuroimaging-based changes that occur during …

Management Of Acetaminophen Poisoning In The Us And Canada: A Consensus Statement, Richard C Dart, Michael E Mullins, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: The US and Canada currently have no formal published nationwide guidelines for specialists in poison information or emergency departments for the management of acetaminophen poisoning, resulting in significant variability in management.

OBJECTIVE: To develop consensus guidelines for the management of acetaminophen poisoning in the US and Canada.

EVIDENCE REVIEW: Four clinical toxicology societies (America's Poison Centers, American Academy of Clinical Toxicology, American College of Medical Toxicology, and Canadian Association of Poison Control Centers) selected participants (n = 21). Led by a nonvoting chairperson using a modified Delphi method, the panel created a decision framework and determined the appropriate clinical …

Anesthesia Clinical Workload Estimated From Electronic Health Record Documentation Vs Billed Relative Value Units, Sunny S Lou, Laura R Baratta, Daphne Lew, Derek Harford, Michael S Avidan, Thomas Kannampallil

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Accurate measurements of clinical workload are needed to inform health care policy. Existing methods for measuring clinical workload rely on surveys or time-motion studies, which are labor-intensive to collect and subject to biases.

OBJECTIVE: To compare anesthesia clinical workload estimated from electronic health record (EHR) audit log data vs billed relative value units.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study of anesthetic encounters occurring between August 26, 2019, and February 9, 2020, used data from 8 academic hospitals, community hospitals, and surgical centers across Missouri and Illinois. Clinicians who provided anesthetic services for at least 1 surgical encounter were …

Engaging Adolescents In Using Online Patient Portals, Bryan A Sisk, Alison L Antes, Christine Bereitschaft, Madi Enloe, Sunny Lin, Meghana Srinivas, Fabienne Bourgeois, James M Dubois

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Many health care systems offer adolescents access to health information through online patient portals, but few studies have explored how to engage adolescents in using and benefiting from online portals.

OBJECTIVE: To determine how US children's hospitals have attempted to encourage adolescent portal use, barriers to engaging adolescents, and ideal future goals for engagement.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This qualitative study performed structured qualitative interviews with informatics administrators from children's hospitals across the US between February and July 2022. Informatics administrators were employed by US health care systems that managed a children's hospital with at least 50 dedicated pediatrics …

The Covid-19 Pandemic And Associated Inequities In Acute Myocardial Infarction Treatment And Outcomes, Laurent G Glance, Karen E Joynt Maddox, Jingjing Shang, Patricia W Stone, Stewart J Lustik, Peter W Knight, Andrew W Dick

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted usual care for emergent conditions, such as acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Understanding whether Black and Hispanic individuals experiencing AMI had greater increases in poor outcomes compared with White individuals during the pandemic has important equity implications.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased disparities in treatment and outcomes among Medicare patients hospitalized with AMI.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study used Medicare data for patients hospitalized with AMI between January 2016 and November 2020. Patients were categorized as Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, and non-Hispanic White. The association between race and ethnicity …

Alcohol Consumption Among Adults With A Cancer Diagnosis In The All Of Us Research Program, Mengyao Shi, Chongliang Luo, Oluseye K Oduyale, Xiaoyu Zong, Noelle K Loconte, Yin Cao

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Alcohol consumption is associated with adverse oncologic and treatment outcomes among individuals with a diagnosis of cancer. As a key modifiable behavioral factor, alcohol consumption patterns among cancer survivors, especially during treatment, remain underexplored in the United States.

OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively characterize alcohol consumption patterns among US cancer survivors.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study used data from May 6, 2018, to January 1, 2022, from the National Institutes of Health All of Us Research Program, a diverse US cohort with electronic health record (EHR) linkage, and included 15 199 participants who reported a cancer diagnosis and 1839 …

Changing Faces: Factors Associated With The Intention To Pursue Plastic Surgery And Practice In Underserved Areas, Mytien Nguyen, Annette Kaminaka, Nicholas N. Brutus, Luis A. Gonzalez, Amit Ratanpal, Michael Alperovich, Donna B. Jeffe, Ashar Ata, Hyacinth R. C. Mason, Paris D. Butler

2020-Current year OA Pubs

UNLABELLED: Improving the number of plastic and reconstructive surgeons who provide care to patients in underserved communities is critical to achieving health equity. We aimed to identify factors associated with graduating medical students' intentions to pursue plastic surgery and practice in underserved areas.

METHODS: De-identified data for US medical school graduates were obtained from the Association of American Medical Colleges for students who matriculated in academic years 2007-2008 and 2011-2012. Data collected included self-reported demographic and future practice intentions. Multivariate analysis was conducted to determine indicators of students' interest in plastic surgery, and their intention to practice in underserved areas. …

The Flipped Classroom Approach In A Pediatric Anesthesiology Fellowship Curriculum, Rachel Moquin, Megan Dewey, Ashley Weinhold, Ottavia Green, Anna Rebecca Young

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Background The flipped classroom approach is well documented to enhance medical education outcomes. Additionally, both the need for online learning materials and the increased demand for medical professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic has made this approach more relevant. The pediatric anesthesiology fellowship curriculum at one institution transitioned from a traditional classroom model to a flipped classroom approach to optimize the educational experience and support learner well-being. Approach Utilizing the American Board of Anesthesiology (ABA) and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) content outlines, a novel, comprehensive curriculum was developed focusing on core clinical material and board review with the …

Urine Biomarker Score Captures Response To Induction Therapy With Lupus Nephritis, Ellen M Cody, Scott E Wenderfer, Kathleen E Sullivan, Alfred H J Kim, Wesley Figg, Harneet Ghumman, Tingting Qiu, Bin Huang, Prasad Devarajan, Hermine I Brunner

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The Renal Activity Index for Lupus (RAIL) consists of urine protein assessment of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, kidney injury molecule-1, monocyte chemotactic protein 1, adiponectin, hemopexin, and ceruloplasmin, which non-invasively identifies lupus nephritis (LN). We aimed to delineate RAIL scores with inactive versus active LN and changes over time with response to LN induction therapy.

METHODS: There were 128 pediatric patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and age-matched healthy controls recruited in a prospective case control study, with kidney biopsy confirmation of LN. Laboratory and clinical information was recorded and urine collected at diagnosis and end of induction and during …

Radiofrequency-Based Chondroplasty Creates A Precise Area Of Targeted Chondrocyte Death With Minimal Necrosis Outside The Target Zone: A Systematic Review, Garrett R Jackson, Luis M Salazar, Johnathon R Mccormick, Varun Gopinatth, Alex Hodakowski, Colton C Mowers, Suhas Dasari, Luc M Fortier, Daniel J Kaplan, Zeeshan A Khan, Enzo S Mameri, Derrick M Knapik, Jorge Chahla, Nikhil N Verma

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: To systematically examine the effects of radiofrequency (RF) ablation or coblation (controlled ablation) on chondrocyte viability following knee chondroplasty in preclinical literature to determine the effectiveness and safety of RF-based techniques.

METHODS: A literature search was performed in September 2022 using PubMed and Scopus using the following search terms combined with Boolean operators: "chondroplasty," "radiofrequency," "thermal," "knee," "chondral defect," "articular cartilage," and "cartilage." The inclusion criteria consisted of preclinical studies examining the effect of RF ablation or coblation on chondrocytes during knee chondroplasty. Exclusion criteria consisted of studies reporting chondroplasty in joints other than the knee, clinical studies, in …

Resolvin D1 Prevents Injurious Neutrophil Swarming In Transplanted Lungs, Wenjun Li, Hailey M Shepherd, Yuriko Terada, Ashley E Shay, Amit I Bery, Andrew E Gelman, Kory J Lavine, Charles N Serhan, Daniel Kreisel

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Neutrophils are the primary cell type involved in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), which remains a frequent and morbid complication after organ transplantation. Endogenous lipid mediators that become activated during acute inflammation-resolution have gained increasing recognition for their protective role(s) in promoting the restoration of homeostasis, but their influence on early immune responses following transplantation remains to be uncovered. Resolvin D1, 7

Prospective Role Of Cefiderocol In The Management Of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii Infections: Review Of The Evidence, Marin Kollef, Herve Dupont, David E Greenberg, Pierluigi Viale, Roger Echols, Yoshinori Yamano, David P Nicolau

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) has been classified by the World Health Organization as being in the critical category of pathogens requiring urgent new antibiotic treatment options. Cefiderocol, the first approved siderophore cephalosporin, was designed for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens, particularly the non-fermenting species A. baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Cefiderocol is mostly stable against hydrolysis by serine β-lactamases and metallo-β-lactamases, which are leading causes of carbapenem resistance. This review collates the available evidence on the in vitro activity, pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics, and efficacy and safety of cefiderocol, and outlines its current role in the management of CRAB infections. In vitro surveillance …

Framework For Quality Assurance Of Ultrahigh Dose Rate Clinical Trials Investigating Flash Effects And Current Technology Gaps, Wei Zou, Tianyu Zhao, Walter R Bosch, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

FLASH radiation therapy (FLASH-RT), delivered with ultrahigh dose rate (UHDR), may allow patients to be treated with less normal tissue toxicity for a given tumor dose compared with currently used conventional dose rate. Clinical trials are being carried out and are needed to test whether this improved therapeutic ratio can be achieved clinically. During the clinical trials, quality assurance and credentialing of equipment and participating sites, particularly pertaining to UHDR-specific aspects, will be crucial for the validity of the outcomes of such trials. This report represents an initial framework proposed by the NRG Oncology Center for Innovation in Radiation Oncology …

An Experimental Model Of Chronic Severe Mitral Regurgitation, Martha M O Mcgilvray, Tari-Ann E Yates, Lynn Pauls, Meghan O Kelly, Nicholas Razo, Stacie Mcelligott, Glenn J Foster, Jie Zheng, Jonathan K Zoller, Christian Zemlin, Ralph J Damiano Jr

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: To develop a minimally invasive, reproducible model of chronic severe mitral regurgitation (MR) that replicates the clinical phenotype of left atrial (LA) and left ventricular dilation and susceptibility to atrial fibrillation.

METHODS: Under transesophageal echocardiographic guidance, chordae tendinae were avulsed using endovascular forceps until the ratio of regurgitant jet area to LA area was ≥70%. Animals survived for an average of 8.6 ± 1.6 months (standard deviation) and imaged with monthly transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). Animals underwent baseline and preterminal magnetic resonance imaging. Terminal studies included TTE, transesophageal echocardiography, and rapid atrial pacing to test inducibility of atrial tachyarrhythmias.

RESULTS: …

Refractory Mogamulizumab-Associated Rash Responding To An Oral Janus Kinase Inhibitor, Carine M Lama, Miguel A Hernandez-Rovira, Neha Mehta-Shah, Aaron Russell, Amy C M Musiek

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Striatal Mglu5-Mediated Synaptic Plasticity Is Independently Regulated By Location-Specific Receptor Pools And Divergent Signaling Pathways, Yuh-Jiin I Jong, Yukitoshi Izumi, Steven K Harmon, Charles F Zorumski, Karen L Ómalley

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu

Location Of Pathogenic Variants In Psen1 Impacts Progression Of Cognitive, Clinical, And Neurodegenerative Measures In Autosomal-Dominant Alzheimer's Disease, Stephanie A Schultz, Eric Mcdade, Nicolas R Barthelemy, Nelly Joseph-Mathurin, Carlos Cruchaga, Charles D Chen, Tammie L S Benzinger, Anne M Fagan, Brian A Gordon, Jason J Hassenstab, Celeste M Karch, John C Morris, Richard J Perrin, Chengjie Xiong, Randall J Bateman, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Although pathogenic variants in PSEN1 leading to autosomal-dominant Alzheimer disease (ADAD) are highly penetrant, substantial interindividual variability in the rates of cognitive decline and biomarker change are observed in ADAD. We hypothesized that this interindividual variability may be associated with the location of the pathogenic variant within PSEN1. PSEN1 pathogenic variant carriers participating in the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network (DIAN) observational study were grouped based on whether the underlying variant affects a transmembrane (TM) or cytoplasmic (CY) protein domain within PSEN1. CY and TM carriers and variant non-carriers (NC) who completed clinical evaluation, multimodal neuroimaging, and lumbar puncture for collection …

Exploring Hand And Upper Limb Function In Patients With Inclusion Body Myositis (Ibm), Stephanie Hunn, Lindsay Alfano, Michelle Seiffert, Conrad C Weihl

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is an inflammatory myopathy characterized by progressive weakness of knee extensors and finger flexors. Many patients lose independence with fine motor tasks; however, a gap remains as to how these deficits correlate with performance on functional outcome measures. We describe functional hand impairments as measured by performance-based outcome measures in a cross-sectional sample of 74 patients with IBM. Subjects completed a series of outcome measures (Functional Dexterity Test (FDT), Performance of the Upper Limb (PUL), and Sollerman Hand Function Test (SHFT)) alongside a collection of patient reported outcomes (PROs). Assessments were compared to standard IBM measurements, …

Decision-Making For Pediatric Cervical Spine Imaging After Blunt Trauma: Investigating Team Dynamics In The Emergency Department, Megan E Gregory, Annie Truelove, Fahd Ahmad, Daniel Corwin, Leah Tzimenatos, Scott J Oglesbee, Martin J Herman, Julie C Leonard

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Cervical spine imaging decision-making for pediatric traumas is complex and multidisciplinary. Implementing a risk assessment tool has the potential to reduce variation in these decisions and unnecessary radiation exposure for pediatric patients. We sought to determine how emergency department-trauma team dynamics may affect implementation of such a tool.

METHODS: We interviewed (pediatric and general emergency physicians, trauma surgeons, neurosurgeons, orthopedic surgeons and ED nurses at 21 hospitals to ascertain how team dynamics affect the pediatric cervical spine imaging decision-making process. Data were coded following a framework-driven deductive coding process and thematic analysis was used.

RESULTS: Forty-eight physicians, advanced practice …

Cation Leak Through The Atp1a3 Pump Causes Spasticity And Intellectual Disability, Daniel G Calame, Marwan Shinawi, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

ATP1A3 encodes the α3 subunit of the sodium-potassium ATPase, one of two isoforms responsible for powering electrochemical gradients in neurons. Heterozygous pathogenic ATP1A3 variants produce several distinct neurological syndromes, yet the molecular basis for phenotypic variability is unclear. We report a novel recurrent variant, ATP1A3(NM_152296.5):c.2324C>T; p.(Pro775Leu), in nine individuals associated with the primary clinical features of progressive or non-progressive spasticity and developmental delay/intellectual disability. No patients fulfil diagnostic criteria for ATP1A3-associated syndromes, including alternating hemiplegia of childhood, rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism or cerebellar ataxia-areflexia-pes cavus-optic atrophy-sensorineural hearing loss (CAPOS), and none were suspected of having an ATP1A3-related disorder. Uniquely among known …

Delayed-Onset Angioedema Following A Snakebite In A Patient On Ace Inhibitors: A Case Report, Christopher Scott Sampson, Evan Schwarz

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) are a common class of medications prescribed to patients for hypertension. Anti-hypertensive use is not normally considered an important factor when treating patients with crotalid envenomations; however, in combination with the venom in this patient, it may have resulted in angioedema.

CASE REPORT: A 65-year-old male on ACEI presented to his community emergency department following a snake envenomation to his thumb. Six vials of Crotalidae polyvalent immune fab were administered, and he was transferred to a referral center. Approximately 18 hours after the envenomation, the patient complained of tongue swelling and difficulty speaking. There …

Symbiotic Bacteria, Immune-Like Sentinel Cells, And The Response To Pathogens In A Social Amoeba, Trey J. Scott, Tyler J. Larsen, Debra A. Brock, So Yeon Stacey Uhm, David C. Queller, Joan E. Strassmann

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Some endosymbionts living within a host must modulate their hosts' immune systems in order to infect and persist. We studied the effect of a bacterial endosymbiont on a facultatively multicellular social amoeba host. Aggregates of the amoeba

Cardiovascular And Metabolic Health Is Associated With Functional Brain Connectivity In Middle-Aged And Older Adults: Results From The Human Connectome Project-Aging Study, Barnaly Rashid, Matthew F Glasser, Thomas Nichols, David Van Essen, Meher R Juttukonda, Nadine A Schwab, Douglas N Greve, Essa Yacoub, Allison Lovely, Melissa Terpstra, Michael P Harms, Susan Y Bookheimer, Beau M Ances, David H Salat, Steven E Arnold

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Several cardiovascular and metabolic indicators, such as cholesterol and blood pressure have been associated with altered neural and cognitive health as well as increased risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in later life. In this cross-sectional study, we examined how an aggregate index of cardiovascular and metabolic risk factor measures was associated with correlation-based estimates of resting-state functional connectivity (FC) across a broad adult age-span (36-90+ years) from 930 volunteers in the Human Connectome Project Aging (HCP-A). Increased (i.e., worse) aggregate cardiometabolic scores were associated with reduced FC globally, with especially strong effects in insular, medial frontal, medial parietal, and …

Mapping Cortical Activations Underlying Covert And Overt Language Production Using High-Density Diffuse Optical Tomography, Mariel L Schroeder, Arefeh Sherafati, Rachel L Ulbrich, Muriah D Wheelock, Alexandra M Svoboda, Emma D Klein, Tessa G George, Kalyan Tripathy, Joseph P Culver, Adam T Eggebrecht

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Gold standard neuroimaging modalities such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography (PET), and more recently electrocorticography (ECoG) have provided profound insights regarding the neural mechanisms underlying the processing of language, but they are limited in applications involving naturalistic language production especially in developing brains, during face-to-face dialogues, or as a brain-computer interface. High-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) provides high-fidelity mapping of human brain function with comparable spatial resolution to that of fMRI but in a silent and open scanning environment similar to real-life social scenarios. Therefore, HD-DOT has potential to be used in naturalistic settings where other …