Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Acute Kidney Injury-Induced Circulating Tnfr1/2 Elevations Correlate With Persistent Kidney Injury And Progression To Fibrosis, Akshayakeerthi Arthanarisami, Yohei Komaru, Charikleia Katsouridi, Julian Schumacher, Deborah K Verges, Liang Ning, Mai M Abdelmageed, Andreas Herrlich, Eirini Kefaloyianni

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Elevated levels of circulating tumor necrosis factor receptors 1 and 2 (cTNFR1/2) predict chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression; however, the mechanisms of their release remain unknown. Whether acute kidney injury (AKI) drives cTNFR1/2 elevations and whether they predict disease outcomes after AKI remain unknown. In this study, we used AKI patient serum and urine samples, mouse models of kidney injury (ischemic, obstructive, and toxic), and progression to fibrosis, nephrectomy, and related single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets to experimentally test the role of kidney injury on cTNFR1/2 levels. We show that TNFR1/2 serum and urine levels are highly elevated in all of the …

Are Public Health Researchers Designing For Dissemination? Findings From A National Survey In China, Yiluan Hu, Xuejun Yin, Enying Gong, Jing Liu, Xia Liu, Ruitai Shao, Juan Zhang, Ross C Brownson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Research findings are not always disseminated in ways preferred by audiences, and research dissemination is not always considered a priority by researchers. While designing for dissemination (D4D) provides an active process to facilitate effective dissemination, use of these practices in China is largely unknown. We aimed to describe the designing for dissemination activities and practices among public health researchers in China.

METHODS: In January 2022, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in 61 sub-committees of four national academic societies which include a wide range of health disciplines. The sample mainly involved researchers at universities or research institutions, the Centers for …

An Intraoperative Telemedicine Program To Improve Perioperative Quality Measures: The Actfast-3 Randomized Clinical Trial, Christopher R King, Stephen Gregory, Bradley A Fritz, Thaddeus P Budelier, Arbi Ben Abdallah, Alex Kronzer, Daniel L Helsten, Brian Torres, Sherry Mckinnon, Shreya Goswami, Divya Mehta, Omokhaye Higo, Paul Kerby, Bernadette Henrichs, Mary C Politi, Joanna Abraham, Michael S Avidan, Thomas Kannampallil, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Telemedicine for clinical decision support has been adopted in many health care settings, but its utility in improving intraoperative care has not been assessed.

OBJECTIVE: To pilot the implementation of a real-time intraoperative telemedicine decision support program and evaluate whether it reduces postoperative hypothermia and hyperglycemia as well as other quality of care measures.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This single-center pilot randomized clinical trial (Anesthesiology Control Tower-Feedback Alerts to Supplement Treatments [ACTFAST-3]) was conducted from April 3, 2017, to June 30, 2019, at a large academic medical center in the US. A total of 26 254 adult surgical patients …

Neighborhood Disadvantage And Neural Correlates Of Threat And Reward Processing In Survivors Of Recent Trauma, E Kate Webb, Stacey L House, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Differences in neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics are important considerations in understanding differences in risk vs resilience in mental health. Neighborhood disadvantage is associated with alterations in the function and structure of threat neurocircuitry.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate associations of neighborhood disadvantage with white and gray matter and neural reactivity to positive and negative stimuli in the context of trauma exposure.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this cross-sectional study, survivors of trauma who completed sociodemographic and posttraumatic symptom assessments and neuroimaging were recruited as part of the Advancing Understanding of Recovery After Trauma (AURORA) study between September 2017 and June 2021. Data …

Acc/Aha Hypertension Guidelines And Cha2ds2-Vasc Up-Scoring In Patients With Atrial Fibrillation, Krishna Pundi, Kensey L Gosch, Alexander C Perino, Philip G Jones, Nihar R Desai, Thomas M Maddox, Mintu Turakhia

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Lem2 Is Essential For Cardiac Development By Maintaining Nuclear Integrity, Jacob A Ross, Didier Hodzic, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

AIMS: Nuclear envelope integrity is essential for the compartmentalization of the nucleus and cytoplasm. Importantly, mutations in genes encoding nuclear envelope (NE) and associated proteins are the second highest cause of familial dilated cardiomyopathy. One such NE protein that causes cardiomyopathy in humans and affects mouse heart development is Lem2. However, its role in the heart remains poorly understood.

METHODS AND RESULTS: We generated mice in which Lem2 was specifically ablated either in embryonic cardiomyocytes (Lem2 cKO) or in adult cardiomyocytes (Lem2 iCKO) and carried out detailed physiological, tissue, and cellular analyses. High-resolution episcopic microscopy was used for three-dimensional reconstructions …

Autoantibodies Neutralizing Type I Ifns Underlie West Nile Virus Encephalitis In ∼40% Of Patients, Adrian Gervais, Shih-Ching Lin, Michael S Diamond, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Mosquito-borne West Nile virus (WNV) infection is benign in most individuals but can cause encephalitis in <1% of infected individuals. We show that ∼35% of patients hospitalized for WNV disease (WNVD) in six independent cohorts from the EU and USA carry auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-α and/or -ω. The prevalence of these antibodies is highest in patients with encephalitis (∼40%), and that in individuals with silent WNV infection is as low as that in the general population. The odds ratios for WNVD in individuals with these auto-Abs relative to those without them in the general population range from 19.0 (95% CI 15.0-24.0, P value <10-15) for auto-Abs neutralizing only 100 pg/ml IFN-α and/or IFN-ω to 127.4 (CI 87.1-186.4, P value <10-15) for auto-Abs neutralizing both IFN-α and IFN-ω at a concentration of 10 ng/ml. These antibodies block the protective effect of IFN-α in Vero cells infected with WNV in vitro. Auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-α and/or IFN-ω underlie ∼40% of cases of WNV encephalitis.

Mitochondrial Pyruvate Metabolism And Glutaminolysis Toggle Steady-State And Emergency Myelopoiesis, Hannah A Pizzato, Yahui Wang, Michael J Wolfgang, Brian N Finck, Gary J Patti, Deepta Bhattacharya

2020-Current year OA Pubs

To define the metabolic requirements of hematopoiesis, we examined blood lineages in mice conditionally deficient in genes required for long-chain fatty acid oxidation (Cpt2), glutaminolysis (Gls), or mitochondrial pyruvate import (Mpc2). Genetic ablation of Cpt2 or Gls minimally impacted most blood lineages. In contrast, deletion of Mpc2 led to a sharp decline in mature myeloid cells and a slower reduction in T cells, whereas other hematopoietic lineages were unaffected. Yet MPC2-deficient monocytes and neutrophils rapidly recovered due to a transient and specific increase in myeloid progenitor proliferation. Competitive bone marrow chimera and stable isotope tracing experiments demonstrated that this proliferative …

Kv12-Encoded K+ Channels Drive The Day-Night Switch In The Repetitive Firing Rates Of Scn Neurons, Tracey O Hermanstyne, Nien-Du Yang, Daniel Granados-Fuentes, Xiaofan Li, Rebecca L Mellor, Timothy Jegla, Erik D Herzog, Jeanne M Nerbonne

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Considerable evidence suggests that day-night rhythms in the functional expression of subthreshold potassium (K+) channels regulate daily oscillations in the spontaneous firing rates of neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the master circadian pacemaker in mammals. The K+ conductance(s) driving these daily rhythms in the repetitive firing rates of SCN neurons, however, have not been identified. To test the hypothesis that subthreshold Kv12.1/Kv12.2-encoded K+ channels play a role, we obtained current-clamp recordings from SCN neurons in slices prepared from adult mice harboring targeted disruptions in the Kcnh8 (Kv12.1-/-) or Kcnh3 (Kv12.2-/-) locus. We found that mean nighttime repetitive firing rates …

Determinants Of Ifgf13-Mediated Regulation Of Myocardial Voltage-Gated Sodium (Nav) Channels In Mouse, Adrien Lesage, Maxime Lorenzini, Sophie Burel, Marine Sarlandie, Floriane Bibault, Cecilia Lindskog, Daniel Maloney, Jonathan R Silva, R Reid Townsend, Jeanne M Nerbonne, Céline Marionneau

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Posttranslational regulation of cardiac NaV1.5 channels is critical in modulating channel expression and function, yet their regulation by phosphorylation of accessory proteins has gone largely unexplored. Using phosphoproteomic analysis of NaV channel complexes from adult mouse left ventricles, we identified nine phosphorylation sites on intracellular fibroblast growth factor 13 (iFGF13). To explore the potential roles of these phosphosites in regulating cardiac NaV currents, we abolished expression of iFGF13 in neonatal and adult mouse ventricular myocytes and rescued it with wild-type (WT), phosphosilent, or phosphomimetic iFGF13-VY. While the increased rate of closed-state inactivation of NaV channels induced by Fgf13 knockout in …

Acorn: An R Package For De Novo Variant Analysis, Tychele N Turner

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The study of de novo variation is important for assessing biological characteristics of new variation and for studies related to human phenotypes. Software programs exist to call de novo variants and programs also exist to test the burden of these variants in genomic regions; however, I am unaware of a program that fits in between these two aspects of de novo variant assessment. This intermediate space is important for assessing the quality of de novo variants and to understand the characteristics of the callsets. For this reason, I developed an R package called acorn.

RESULTS: Acorn is an R …

Integrate-Circ And Integrate-Vis: Unbiased Detection And Visualization Of Fusion-Derived Circular Rna, Jace Webster, Hung Mai, Amy Ly, Christopher Maher

2020-Current year OA Pubs

MOTIVATION: Backsplicing of RNA results in circularized rather than linear transcripts, known as circular RNA (circRNA). A recently discovered and poorly understood subset of circRNAs that are composed of multiple genes, termed fusion-derived circular RNAs (fcircRNAs), represent a class of potential biomarkers shown to have oncogenic potential. Detection of fcircRNAs eludes existing analytical tools, making it difficult to more comprehensively assess their prevalence and function. Improved detection methods may lead to additional biological and clinical insights related to fcircRNAs.

RESULTS: We developed the first unbiased tool for detecting fcircRNAs (INTEGRATE-Circ) and visualizing fcircRNAs (INTEGRATE-Vis) from RNA-Seq data. We found that …

Neuroinflammation In The Amygdala Is Associated With Recent Depressive Symptoms, Wei Zhang, Jerrel Rutlin, Sarah A Eisenstein, Yong Wang, Deanna M Barch, Tamara Hershey, Ryan Bogdan, Janine D Bijsterbosch

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Converging evidence suggests that elevated inflammation may contribute to depression. Yet, the link between peripheral inflammation and neuroinflammation in depression is unclear. Here, using data from the UK Biobank, we estimated associations among depression, C-reactive protein (CRP) as a measure of peripheral inflammation, and neuroinflammation as indexed by diffusion basis spectral imaging-based restricted fraction (DBSI-RF).

METHODS: DBSI-RF was derived from diffusion-weighted imaging data (N = 11,512) for whole-brain gray matter (global-RF), and regions of interest in the bilateral amygdala (amygdala-RF) and hippocampus (hippocampus-RF), and CRP was estimated from blood (serum) samples. Self-reported recent depression symptoms were measured using a …

Feasibility Of The Audio-Visual Assisted Therapeutic Ambience In Radiotherapy (Avatar) System For Anesthesia Avoidance In Pediatric Patients: A Multicenter Trial, Paulina M Gutkin, Stephanie M Perkins, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: The Audio-Visual Assisted Therapeutic Ambience in Radiotherapy (AVATAR) system was the first published radiation therapy (RT)-compatible system to reduce the need for pediatric anesthesia through video-based distraction. We evaluated the feasibility of AVATAR implementation and effects on anesthesia use, quality of life, and anxiety in a multicenter pediatric trial.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: Pediatric patients 3 to 10 years of age preparing to undergo RT at 10 institutions were prospectively enrolled. Children able to undergo at least 1 fraction of RT using AVATAR without anesthesia were considered successful (S). Patients requiring anesthesia for their entire treatment course were nonsuccessful (NS). …

Host Interactions Of Novel Crassvirales Species Belonging To Multiple Families Infecting Bacterial Host, Bacteroides Cellulosilyticus Wh2host Interactions Of Novel Crassvirales Species Belonging To Multiple Families Infecting Bacterial Host, Bacteroides Cellulosilyticus Wh2, Bhavya Papudeshi, Lindsay Droit, Scott A Handley, David Wang, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Bacteroides, the prominent bacteria in the human gut, play a crucial role in degrading complex polysaccharides. Their abundance is influenced by phages belonging to the

Intragraft B Cell Differentiation During The Development Of Tolerance To Kidney Allografts Is Associated With A Regulatory B Cell Signature Revealed By Single Cell Transcriptomics, Michael Tyler Guinn, Edward S Szuter, Takahiro Yokose, Jifu Ge, Ivy A Rosales, Kashish Chetal, Ruslan I Sadreyev, Alex G Cuenca, Daniel Kreisel, Peter T Sage, Paul S Russell, Joren C Madsen, Robert B Colvin, Alessandro Alessandrini

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Mouse kidney allografts are spontaneously accepted in select, fully mismatched donor-recipient strain combinations, like DBA/2J to C57BL/6 (B6), by natural tolerance. We previously showed accepted renal grafts form aggregates containing various immune cells within 2 weeks posttransplant, referred to as regulatory T cell-rich organized lymphoid structures, which are a novel regulatory tertiary lymphoid organ. To characterize the cells within T cell-rich organized lymphoid structures, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on CD45

Comprehensive Assessment Of The Activity Level Of The Icf Using Both Capacity And Performance Measures: A Case Report, Carey L Holleran, Marghuretta D Bland, Catherine E Lang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Individuals with neurologic conditions seek physical therapy services to improve mobility in their daily lives. While clinicians commonly track activity capacity, measurement of activity performance in daily life is an emerging yet unstandardized practice within routine clinical physical therapy. The purpose of this case report is to (1) provide an example of the structure, clinical reasoning, and implementation of both activity capacity and activity performance level assessments across an episode of outpatient physical therapy and (2) to describe how objective activity performance in daily life tracking supported the physical therapy intervention and education plan. A 42-year-old woman presented to outpatient …

Baseline Characteristics And Outcomes For People With And Without Covid-19 Diagnoses Receiving Inpatient Rehabilitation Care Across The Us In 2020-2021, Elissa J Charbonneau, Prateek Grover, Jeffery S Johns, Susan M Mcdowell, Joseph V Stillo

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: To assess sociodemographic, medical complexity, and outcomes of persons receiving care at inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRFs) with and without a diagnosis of COVID-19.

DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study using electronic medical record (EMR) data from 138 IRFs across 34 states and Puerto Rico.

SETTING: N/A.

PARTICIPANTS: IRF EMR data for 212,663 patients discharged between 04/01/2020 and 05/31/2021 (N=212,663), of which 16,199 (COVID-19 group) had a primary or secondary COVID-19 diagnosis based upon ICD codes set (ICD-10 codes U07.1, B94.8, Z86.19, Z86.16).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Four categories: (a) sociodemographic, (b) medical complexity, (c) process, that is, standard IRF processes, and …

Kir1.1 And Sur1 Are Not Implicated As Subunits Of An Adenosine Triphosphate-Sensitive Potassium Channel Involved In Diazoxide Cardioprotection, Jie Wang, Kyriakos Papanicolaou, Robert Tryon, Janelle Sangalang, Ben Salazar, Alejandro Suarez-Pierre, Jie Dong, Anson Lee, Emily Larson, Sari Holmes, Brian O'Rourke, Colin Nichols, Jennifer Lawton

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: The adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel opener diazoxide mimics ischemic preconditioning and is cardioprotective. Clarification of diazoxide's site and mechanism of action could lead to targeted pharmacologic therapies for patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Several mitochondrial candidate proteins have been investigated as potential adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel components. Renal outer medullary potassium (Kir1.1) and sulfonylurea sensitive regulatory subunit 1 have been suggested as subunits of a mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel. We hypothesized that pharmacologic blockade or genetic deletion (knockout) of renal outer medullary potassium and sensitive regulatory subunit 1 would result in loss of diazoxide cardioprotection in models of global …

All-Cause Procedural Readmissions Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement, Paige Newell, Hoda Javadikasgari, Mehida Rojas-Alexandre, Sameer Hirji, Morgan Harloff, Olena Cherkasky, Siobhan Mcgurk, Alexandra Malarczyk, Pinak Shah, Ashraf Sabe, Tsuyoshi Kaneko

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: With expanding eligibility criteria, transcatheter aortic valve replacement is being performed on patients with longer life expectancy, and subsequent procedures after index transcatheter aortic valve replacement are inevitable. This study examines the incidence and outcomes of patients undergoing subsequent procedural readmissions after transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

METHODS: All patients who underwent index transcatheter aortic valve replacement and were discharged alive from January 2012 to December 2019 at a single institution were evaluated. Study end points were mortality and readmission for procedure with more than 1-day hospital stay. Effect on survival was evaluated by treating procedural readmission as a time-dependent …

The Emerging Importance Of Lymphatics In Health And Disease: An Nih Workshop Report, Babak J. Mehrara, Andrea J. Radtke, Gwendalyn J. Randolph, Brianna T. Wachter, Patricia Greenwel, Ilsa I. Rovira, Zorina S. Galis, Selen C. Muratoglu

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The lymphatic system (LS) is composed of lymphoid organs and a network of vessels that transport interstitial fluid, antigens, lipids, cholesterol, immune cells, and other materials in the body. Abnormal development or malfunction of the LS has been shown to play a key role in the pathophysiology of many disease states. Thus, improved understanding of the anatomical and molecular characteristics of the LS may provide approaches for disease prevention or treatment. Recent advances harnessing single-cell technologies, clinical imaging, discovery of biomarkers, and computational tools have led to the development of strategies to study the LS. This Review summarizes the outcomes …

How Well Does Neonatal Neuroimaging Correlate With Neurodevelopmental Outcomes In Infants With Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy?, Yvonne W Wu, Sarah E Monsell, Hannah C Glass, Jessica L Wisnowski, Amit M Mathur, Robert C Mckinstry, Stefan Bluml, Fernando F Gonzalez, Bryan A Comstock, Patrick J Heagerty, Sandra E Juul

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: In newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), the correlation between neonatal neuroimaging and the degree of neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) is unclear.

METHODS: Infants with HIE enrolled in a randomized controlled trial underwent neonatal MRI/MR spectroscopy (MRS) using a harmonized protocol at 4-6 days of age. The severity of brain injury was measured with a validated scoring system. Using proportional odds regression, we calculated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for the associations between MRI/MRS measures of injury and primary ordinal outcome (i.e., normal, mild NDI, moderate NDI, severe NDI, or death) at age 2 years.

RESULTS: Of 451 infants with MRI/MRS at …

Safety And Efficacy Of Riluzole In Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study (Riscis): A Multi-Center, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blinded Trial, Michael G Fehlings, Wilson Z Ray, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Riluzole is a sodium-glutamate antagonist that attenuates neurodegeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It has shown favorable results in promoting recovery in pre-clinical models of traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) and in early phase clinical trials. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of riluzole in acute cervical tSCI. An international, multi-center, prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, adaptive, Phase III trial (NCT01597518) was undertaken. Patients with American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) A-C, cervical (C4-C8) tSCI, and <12 h from injury were randomized to receive either riluzole, at an oral dose of 100 mg twice per day (BID) for the first 24 h followed by 50 mg BID for the following 13 days, or placebo. The primary efficacy end-point was change in Upper Extremity Motor (UEM) scores at 180 days. The primary efficacy analyses were conducted on an intention to treat (ITT) and completed cases (CC) basis. The study was powered at a planned enrolment of 351 patients. The trial began in October 2013 and was halted by the sponsor on May 2020 (and terminated in April 2021) in the face of the global COVID-19 pandemic. One hundred ninety-three patients (54.9% of the pre-planned enrolment) were randomized with a follow-up rate of 82.7% at 180 days. At 180 days, in the CC population the riluzole-treated patients compared with placebo had a mean gain of 1.76 UEM scores (95% confidence interval: -2.54-6.06) and 2.86 total motor scores (CI: -6.79-12.52). No drug-related serious adverse events were associated with the use of riluzole. Additional pre-planned sensitivity analyses revealed that in the AIS C population, riluzole was associated with significant improvement in total motor scores (estimate: standard error [SE] 8.0; CI 1.5-14.4) and upper extremity motor scores (SE 13.8; CI 3.1-24.5) at 6 months. AIS B patients had higher reported independence, measured by the Spinal Cord Independence Measure score (45.3 vs. 27.3; d: 18.0 CI: -1.7-38.0) and change in mental health scores, measured by the Short Form 36 mental health domain (2.01 vs. -11.58; d: 13.2 CI: 1.2-24.8) at 180 days. AIS A patients who received riluzole had a higher average gain in neurological levels at 6 months compared with placebo (mean 0.50 levels gained vs. 0.12 in placebo; d: 0.38, CI: -0.2-0.9). The primary analysis did not achieve the predetermined end-point of efficacy for riluzole, likely related to insufficient power. However, on pre-planned secondary analyses, all subgroups of cervical SCI subjects (AIS grades A, B and C) treated with riluzole showed significant gains in functional recovery. The results of this trial may warrant further investigation to extend these findings. Moreover, guideline development groups may wish to assess the possible clinical relevance of the secondary outcome analyses, in light of the fact that SCI is an uncommon orphan disorder without an accepted neuroprotective treatment.

Treatment Preference And Quality Of Life Impact: Ravulizumab Vs Eculizumab For Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome, Teri J Mauch, Michael R Chladek, Spero Cataland, Shruti Chaturvedi, Bradley P Dixon, Katherine Garlo, Christoph Gasteyger, Anuja Java, Jorge Leguizamo, Lucy Lloyd-Price, Tan P Pham, Tara Symonds, Ioannis Tomazos, Yan Wang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Figo Staging Of Endometrial Cancer: 2023, Jonathan S. Berek, Xavier Matias-Guiu, Carien Creutzberg, Christina Fotopoulou, David Gaffney, Sean Kehoe, Kristina Lindemann, David Mutch, Nicole Concin

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Many advances in the understanding of the pathologic and molecular features of endometrial cancer have occurred since the FIGO staging was last updated in 2009. Substantially more outcome and biological behavior data are now available regarding the several histological types. Molecular and genetic findings have accelerated since the publication of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data and provide improved clarity on the diverse biological nature of this collection of endometrial cancers and their differing prognostic outcomes. The goals of the new staging system are to better define these prognostic groups and create substages that indicate more appropriate surgical, radiation, …

Neutralization, Effector Function And Immune Imprinting Of Omicron Variants, Amin Addetia, James Brett Case, Suzanne M Scheaffer, Bradley Whitener, Michael S Diamond, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants have acquired convergent mutations at hot spots in the receptor-binding domain

Loss Of Chromosome 3q Is A Prognostic Marker In Fusion-Negative Rhabdomyosarcoma, Carina A Dehner, Robert C Bell, Yang Cao, Kevin He, John S A Chrisinger, Amy E Armstrong, Marielle Yohe, Jack Shern, Angela C Hirbe

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms that frequently show complex chromosomal aberrations such as amplifications or deletions of DNA sequences or even whole chromosomes. We recently found that gain of chromosome (chr) 8 is associated with worse overall survival (OS) in STS as a group. We therefore aimed to investigate the overall copy number profile of rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) to evaluate for prognostic signatures.

METHODS: Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing was performed on a cohort of STS to assess for chr8 gain. Copy number variation (CNV) data from the National Cancer Institute were analyzed to assess for …

Postacute Sequelae Of Covid-19 At 2 Years, Benjamin Bowe, Yan Xie, Ziyad Al-Aly

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection can lead to postacute sequelae in multiple organ systems, but evidence is mostly limited to the first year postinfection. We built a cohort of 138,818 individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection and 5,985,227 noninfected control group from the US Department of Veterans Affairs and followed them for 2 years to estimate the risks of death and 80 prespecified postacute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) according to care setting during the acute phase of infection. The increased risk of death was not significant beyond 6 months after infection among nonhospitalized but remained significantly elevated through the …

Personal Protective Equipment Use Among Dental Healthcare Personnel During The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) Pandemic And The Impact Of An Educational Video In Clinical Practice, Lucy C Vogt, Kimberly A Reske, Daniel Park, Tracey Habrock Bach, Henry B Stewart, Olivia G Arter, Daniel Stoeckel, Heidi M Steinkamp, Stephen Y Liang, Michael J Durkin, Jennie H Kwon

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: Dental healthcare personnel (DHCP) are at high risk of exposure to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We sought to identify how DHCP changed their use of personal protective equipment (PPE) as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, and to pilot an educational video designed to improve knowledge of proper PPE use.

DESIGN: The study comprised 2 sets of semistructured qualitative interviews.

SETTING: The study was conducted in 8 dental clinics in a Midwestern metropolitan area.

PARTICIPANTS: In total, 70 DHCP participated in the first set of interviews; 63 DHCP participated in the second set of interviews.

METHODS: In September-November 2020 …

Associations Of Sex, Race, And Apolipoprotein E Alleles With Multiple Domains Of Cognition Among Older Adults, Skylar Walters, Carlos Cruchaga, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

IMPORTANCE: Sex differences are established in associations between apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer disease (AD). However, it is unclear whether sex-specific cognitive consequences of APOE are consistent across races and extend to the APOE ε2 allele.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether sex and race modify APOE ε4 and ε2 associations with cognition.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This genetic association study included longitudinal cognitive data from 4 AD and cognitive aging cohorts. Participants were older than 60 years and self-identified as non-Hispanic White or non-Hispanic Black (hereafter, White and Black). Data were previously collected across multiple US locations …