Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Parameter Estimation For A Model Of Peritonitis Focusing On The Sequential Immune Cell Response, Marcella Torres, Angela Reynolds, Rebecca Segal, Shobha Ghosh

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

Study Of Early After Depolarization In A Complex Human Cardiac Cell Model In Tissue, Abouzar Kaboudian, Yanyan Claire Ji, Elizabeth M. Cherry, Flavio H. Fenton

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

A Model Of Microtubule Organization In The Presence Of Motor Proteins, Gerda De Vries

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

Getting In Shape And Swimming: The Roles Of Cortical Forces And Membrane Heterogeneity In Eukaryotic Cells, Hao Wu, Marco Ponce De Leon, Hans Othmer

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

Random Walk Simulation Of Solute Transport For Identifying Diffusivity In Biomaterial Scaffolds For Tissue Engineering, Tricity Andrew, Mansoor A. Haider

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Outcome Preferences In Optimizing Heterogenous Disease Control Strategies., Evan Milliken

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

Modeling Pharmaceutical Inhibition Of Glucose-Stimulated Renin-Angiotensin System In Kidneys, Ashlee N. Ford Versypt, Minu R. Pilvankar, Hui Ling Yong

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

Mathematical Modeling Of A Mers-Cov Nosocomial Outbreak, Tamer Oraby, Yasar Tasnif, Mustafa Al-Zoughool, Michael Tyshenko, Adriana Quiroz, Zeinab Mohamed, Ayesha Araya, Hanan Balkhy

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

Mathematical Modeling Of Tracheal Luminal Size Change Under Angioedema-Caused Stiffness Alteration, Kun Gou

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

Staged Hiv Transmission And Treatment In A Dynamic Model With Concurrency, Katharine Gurski, Kathleen Hoffman

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

Cell Size Control In Budding Yeast By Titration Of Regulatory Proteins, John Tyson

Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference

No abstract provided.

Untargeted Lipidomic Analysis To Broadly Characterize The Effects Of Pathogenic And Non-Pathogenic Staphylococci On Mammalian Lipids, Naren Gajenthra Kumar, Daniel Contaifer Jr., Paul Rs Baker, Kim Ekroos, Kimberly K. Jefferson, Dayanjan S. Wijesinghe

Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science Publications

Modification of the host lipidome via secreted enzymes is an integral, but often overlooked aspect of bacterial pathogenesis. In the current era of prevalent antibiotic resistance, knowledge regarding critical host pathogen lipid interactions has the potential for use in developing novel antibacterial agents. While most studies to date on this matter have focused on specific lipids, or select lipid classes, this provides an incomplete picture. Modern methods of untargeted lipidomics have the capacity to overcome these gaps in knowledge and provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of lipid metabolism in the pathogenesis of infections. In an attempt to determine …

Affect, Interpersonal Behaviour And Interpersonal Perception During Open-Label, Uncontrolled Paroxetine Treatment Of People With Social Anxiety Disorder: A Pilot Study, Lance M. Rappaport, Jennifer J. Russell, Donald Hedeker, Gilbert Pinard, Pierre Bleau, Debbie S. Moskowitz

Psychiatry Publications

Background: Laboratory-based research with community samples has suggested changes in affective, behavioural and cognitive processes as possible explanations for the effects of serotonergic medications. Examining the effects of serotonergic medications using an ecological momentary measure (such as event-contingent recording) in the daily lives of people with social anxiety disorder would contribute to establishing the effects of these medications on affect, behaviour and one form of cognition: perception of others’ behaviour.

Methods: The present study assessed changes in affect, interpersonal behaviour and perception of others’ behaviour in adults with social anxiety disorder using ecological momentary assessment at baseline and over 4 …

Kinetics And Inhibition Studies Of The L205r Mutant Of Camp-Dependent Protein Kinase Involved In Cushing’S Syndrome, Nicole M. Luzi, Charles E. Lyons, Darrell L. Peterson, Keith C. Ellis

Medicinal Chemistry Publications

Overproduction of cortisol by the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal hormone system results in the clinical disorder known as Cushing's syndrome. Genomics studies have identified a key mutation (L205R) in the α‐isoform of the catalytic subunit of cAMP‐dependent protein kinase (PKACα) in adrenal adenomas of patients with adrenocorticotropic hormone‐independent Cushing's syndrome. Here, we conducted kinetics and inhibition studies on the L205R‐PKACα mutant. We have found that the L205R mutation affects the kinetics of both Kemptide and ATP as substrates, decreasing the catalytic efficiency (k_cat/K_M) for each substrate by 12‐fold and 4.5‐fold, respectively. We have also determined the IC …

A Chromosomal Deletion And New Frameshift Mutation Cause Arsacs In An African-American, Sean C. Dougherty, Amy Harper, Hind Al Saif, Gregory Vorona, Scott R. Haines

Neurology Publications

Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) is a rare, progressive, neurodegenerative disease characterized by ataxia, spasticity and polyneuropathy. First described in the French-Canadian population of Quebec in 1978, ARSACS has since been identified in multiple patients worldwide. In this clinical case report, we describe the evaluation of an 11-years-old African-American male who presented to neuromuscular clinic for assessment of a gait abnormality. He had a history of gross motor delay since early childhood, frequent falls and a below average IQ. Chromosomal microarray revealed a 1.422 megabase loss in the 13q12.12 region, which includes the SACS gene. Next Generation Sequencing …

Review: Do The Different Sensory Areas Within The Cat Anterior Ectosylvian Sulcal Cortex Collectively Represent A Network Multisensory Hub?, M. Alex Meredith, Mark T. Wallace, H. Ruth Clemo

Anatomy and Neurobiology Publications

Current theory supports that the numerous functional areas of the cerebral cortex are organized and function as a network. Using connectional databases and computational approaches, the cerebral network has been demonstrated to exhibit a hierarchical structure composed of areas, clusters and, ultimately, hubs. Hubs are highly connected, higher-order regions that also facilitate communication between different sensory modalities. One region computationally identified network hub is the visual area of the Anterior Ectosylvian Sulcal cortex (AESc) of the cat. The Anterior Ectosylvian Visual area (AEV) is but one component of the AESc that also includes the auditory (Field of the Anterior Ectosylvian …

Aloe Vera: A Multipurpose Healer And Bacterial Eradicator, Mary X. Tran, Leira N. Jimenez, Linda K. Blackburn

Dental Hygiene Student Scholarship

The Aloe vera plant is a succulent known for its rich content in vitamins and minerals, thus gaining popularity over the years in healthcare products. With advancements in alternative medicine, it has been recently found useful in dentistry due to properties such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial actions that contribute to wound healing. The purpose of this study was to examine and discover how Aloe vera can be used as an alternative therapy in the dental field. The PubMed, Google Scholar and Dentistry & Oral Sciences (DOSS) databases were utilized to find current scientific evidence on the effects of Aloe …

Consideration For Care For Your Patient With Cerebral Palsy, Katlin R. Cannon, Melissa Stowe, Brooke Ryan

Dental Hygiene Student Scholarship

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common developmental neurological disorder affecting about 2-3 children out of 1,000. CP is the result of infant brain damage or abnormal development resulting in impaired muscle control, coordination, tone, reflex, posture, and balance. These patients are unable to control motor movements of their muscles of mastication and facial expression, causing excessive drooling, clenching, bruxism, and other oral health-related issues. This lack of motor control affects their ability to swallow and often limits these patients to a liquid diet. This can lead to vitamin deficiencies and result in further developmental problems. As an example, a deficiency …

Got Caries? Breast Milk And Early Childhood Caries?, Megan L. Dean, Rebecca Fields, Hannah Fritz

Dental Hygiene Student Scholarship

Objective: To provide an analysis of the association between the longevity of breastfeeding and development of ECC. Determine the optimal time frame in which mothers should cease breastfeeding to reduce ECC development. Methods: Dr. Brickhouse, PubMed, Google Scholar and other scholarly databases were utilized to find current scientific evidence on the effects of breast milk on ECC. Relevant articles were summarized to write a review of literature. 16 articles published from 2015 to the present date were reviewed and cited. Results: From the studies, there is strong evidence to support breastfeeding beyond 12 months of age increases the prevalence …

"Epigenetic Silencing Of Socs3 Expression Contributes To Fibrosis In Crohn’S Disease", Emily T. Marshall, Chao Li, John F. Kuemmerle

MD Student Summer Research Fellowship Program Posters

Identified risk polymorphisms affecting the Jak-STAT3 pathway in patients with Crohn’s disease could affect TGF-β1 and collagen I expression and in the pathway’s negative regulator, SOCS3. Genetic factors, however, account for only ~25% of disease. Epigenetic events also shape gene expression. Recent experiments showed that autocrine IL-6 production in mesenchymal cells, subepithelial myofibroblasts (SEMF) and muscle cells, of patients with fibrostenotic Crohn’s disease causes sustained Jak-STAT3 activity, excess TGF-β1 and Collagen I production and fibrosis. SOCS3 paradoxically decreased in these cells. We now identify epigenetic mechanisms that silence SOCS3 expression in SEMF of patients with fibrostenotic Crohn’s disease. In a …

Contraceptive Utilization Among New Exotic Dancers: A Cross-Sectional Study, Mishka Terplan, Caitlin E. Martin, Jennifer Nail, Susan G. Sherman

Obstetrics and Gynecology Publications

Background
Female exotic dancers are a population at high risk of unintended pregnancy. The objective of this study is to describe the reproductive health needs and contraceptive utilization of exotic dancers.

Methods
New exotic dancers (< 6 months dancing) from 26 clubs in Baltimore City/County completed a one-time survey.

Results
Of 117 participants, 96 (82%) had current contraceptive need. The mean age was 24 years, and 55% were black. Sex work (45%), alcohol use disorder (73%), illicit (44%; e.g., heroin, crack, cocaine), and injection drug use (8%) were common. The majority (66%) reported contraception use in the prior 6 months. Condoms were reported by 46% whereas 45% reported non-barrier methods, most commonly hormonal …

Wses Worldwide Emergency General Surgery Formation And Evaluation Project, Federico Coccolini, Yoram Kluger, Luca Ansaloni, Ernest E. Moore, Raul Coimbra, Gustavo P. Fraga, Andrew Kirkpatrick, Andrew Peitzman, Ron Maier, Gianluca Baiocchi, Vanni Agnoletti, Emiliano Gamberini, Ari Leppaniemi, Rao Ivatury, Michael Sugrue, Massimo Sartelli, Salomone Di Saverio, Walt Biffl, Fausto Catena

Surgery Publications

Optimal management of emergency surgical patients represents one of the major health challenges worldwide. Emergency general surgery (EGS) was identified as multidisciplinary surgery performed for traumatic and nontraumatic acute conditions during the same admission in the hospital. EGS represents the easiest viable way to provide affordable and high-quality level of care to emergency surgical and trauma patients. It may result from the association of different physicians with other specialties in a cooperative model. The World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) has been working on the EGS organization and implementation since its foundation believing in the need of common benchmarks for …

Low Nt-Probnp Levels In Overweight And Obese Patients Do Not Rule Out A Diagnosis Of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction, Leo F. Buckley, Justin M. Canada, Marco G. Del Buono, Salvatore Carbone, Cory R. Trankle, Hayley Billingsley, Dinesh Kadariya, Ross Arena, Benjamin W. Van Tassell, Antonio Abbate

Internal Medicine Publications

Background Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous syndrome that presents clinicians with a diagnostic challenge. The use of natriuretic peptides to exclude a diagnosis of HFpEF has been proposed. We sought to compare HFpEF patients with N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level above and below the proposed cut-off.

Methods Stable patients (n = 30) with left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction ≥ 50% were eligible if they had a diagnosis of HF according to the European Society of Cardiology diagnostic criteria. Characteristics of patients with NT-proBNP below (≤125 pg/mL) and above (>125 pg/mL) the diagnostic …

Intestine‐Specific Expression Of Human Chimeric Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase Attenuates Western Diet‐Induced Barrier Dysfunction And Glucose Intolerance, Siddhartha S. Ghosh, Hongliang He, Jing Wang, William Korzun, Paul J. Yannie, Shobha Ghosh

Internal Medicine Publications

Intestinal epithelial cell derived alkaline phosphatase (IAP) dephosphorylates/detoxifies bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the gut lumen. We have earlier demonstrated that consumption of high‐fat high‐cholesterol containing western type‐diet (WD) significantly reduces IAP activity, increases intestinal permeability leading to increased plasma levels of LPS and glucose intolerance. Furthermore, oral supplementation with curcumin that increased IAP activity improved intestinal barrier function as well as glucose tolerance. To directly test the hypothesis that targeted increase in IAP would protect against WD‐induced metabolic consequences, we developed intestine‐specific IAP transgenic mice where expression of human chimeric IAP is under the control of intestine‐specific villin promoter. …

Autophagy-Deficient Breast Cancer Shows Early Tumor Recurrence And Escape From Dormancy, Masoud H. Manjili

Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center Publications

Breast cancer patients who initially respond to cancer therapies often succumb to distant recurrence of the disease. It is not clear why people with the same type of breast cancer respond to treatments differently; some escape from dormancy and relapse earlier than others. In addition, some tumor clones respond to immunotherapy while others do not. We investigated how autophagy plays a role in accelerating or delaying recurrence of neu-overexpressing mouse mammary carcinoma (MMC) following adriamycin (ADR) treatment, and in affecting response to immunotherapy. We explored two strategies: 1) transient blockade of autophagy with chloroquine (CQ), which blocks fusion of autophagosomes …

Determining The Quantitative Principles Of T Cell Response To Antigenic Disparity In Stem Cell Transplantation, Ali Salman, Vishal Koparde, Charles E. Hall, Max Jameson-Lee, Catherine Roberts, Myrna Serrano, Badar Abdulrazzaq, Jeremy Meier, Caleb Kennedy, Masoud H. Manjili, Stephen R. Spellman, Dayanjan Wijesinghe, Shahrukh Hashmi, Greg Buck, Rehan Qayyum, Michael Neale, Jason Reed, Amir A. Toor

Massey Comprehensive Cancer Center Publications

Alloreactivity compromising clinical outcomes in stem cell transplantation is observed despite HLA matching of donors and recipients. This has its origin in the variation between the exomes of the two, which provides the basis for minor histocompatibility antigens (mHA). The mHA presented on the HLA class I and II molecules and the ensuing T cell response to these antigens results in graft vs. host disease. In this paper, results of a whole exome sequencing study are presented, with resulting alloreactive polymorphic peptides and their HLA class I and HLA class II (DRB1) binding affinity quantified. Large libraries of potentially alloreactive …

Exploring Resilience Models In A Sample Of Combat-Exposed Military Service Members And Veterans: A Comparison And Commentary, Christina M. Sheerin, Kelcey J. Stratton, Ananda B. Amstadter, The Va Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, Clinical Center (Mirecc) Workgroup, Scott D. Mcdonald

Psychiatry Publications

Background: The term resilience is applied in numerous ways in the mental health field, leading to different perspectives of what constitutes a resilient response and disparate findings regarding its prevalence following trauma.

Objective: illustrate the impact of various definitions on our understanding and prevalence of resilience, we compared various resilience definitions (absence of PTSD, absence of current mental health diagnosis, absence of generalized psychological distress, and an alternative trauma load–resilience discrepancy model of the difference between actual and predicted distress given lifetime trauma exposure) within a combat-exposed military personnel and veteran sample.

Method: In this combat-trauma exposed …

Supporting Play Exploration And Early Developmental Intervention Versus Usual Care To Enhance Development Outcomes During The Transition From The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit To Home: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, Stacey C. Dusing, Tanya Tripathi, Emily C. Marcinowski, Leroy R. Thacke, Lisa F. Brown, Karen D. Hendricks-Muñoz

Physical Therapy Publications

Background

While therapy services may start in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) there is often a gap in therapy after discharge. Supporting Play Exploration and Early Development Intervention (SPEEDI) supports parents, helping them build capacity to provide developmentally supportive opportunities starting in the NICU and continuing at home. The purpose of this single blinded randomized pilot clinical trial was to evaluate the initial efficacy of SPEEDI to improve early reaching and exploratory problem solving behaviors.

Methods

Fourteen infants born very preterm or with neonatal brain injury were randomly assigned to SPEEDI or Usual Care. The SPEEDI group participated in …

Is Counseling Integral To Buprenorphine-Assisted Opioid Addiction Treatment? Examining Counseling Participation And Treatment Retention At A Richmond, Virginia Clinic, John R. Gyourko, Hilary Colin King

Social Work Student Works

Treatment providers in Virginia are required by law to offer counseling or referrals to all clients receiving medication-assisted opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment (American Society of Addiction Medicine, 2016; Medical Society of Virginia, 2018). Prescribing physicians widely regard counseling as a critical component of medication-assisted OUD treatment (Lin, Lofwall, Walsh, & Knudsen, 2019), and clients perceive counseling to be among the most important factors promoting recovery from opioid dependence (Hay, Huhn, Tompkins, & Dunn, 2019). Research investigating the efficacy of counseling as an OUD treatment component, however, has been equivocal to date (Brown, 2018; Dugosh et al., 2016). The current …

Toward Competitive Employment For Persons With Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities: What Progress Have We Made And Where Do We Need To Go, Paul Wehman, Joshua Taylor, Valerie Brooke, Lauren Avellone, Holly N. Whittenburg, Whitney Ham, Alissa Molinelli Brooke, Staci Carr

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Publications

Progress toward competitive integrated employment (CIE) for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) over the last 40 years has been mixed. Despite evidence showing that supported employment interventions can enable adults with IDD to effectively get and keep jobs, national rates of integrated employment remain below a third of the working-age population. Progress is being made to improve these outcomes. Pathways have been identified that lead to CIE through supported employment, customized employment, internship experiences, and postsecondary education. The recent passage of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) has created fresh momentum and increased the onus on interagency …