Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Repurposing Niclosamide For Targeting Pancreatic Cancer By Inhibiting Hh/Gli Non-Canonical Axis Of Gsk3Β, Jyoti B. Kaushal, Rakesh Bhatia, Ranjana K. Kanchan, Pratima Raut, Surya Mallapragada, Quan P. Ly, Surinder K. Batra, Satyanarayana Rachagani

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Niclosamide (Nic), an FDA-approved anthelmintic drug, is reported to have anti-cancer efficacy and is being assessed in clinical trials for various solid tumors. Based on its ability to target multiple signaling pathways, in the present study, we evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of Nic on pancreatic cancer (PC) in vitro. We observed an anti-cancerous effect of this drug as shown by the G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest, inhibition of PC cell viability, colony formation, and migration. Our results revealed the involvement of mitochondrial stress and mTORC1-dependent autophagy as the predominant players of Nic-induced PC cell death. Significant reduction of Nic-induced reactive …

Emerging Role Of Mir-345 And Its Effective Delivery As A Potential Therapeutic Candidate In Pancreatic Cancer And Other Cancers, Nagabhishek Sirpu Natesh, Brianna M. White, Maia M. C. White, Metin Uz, Rakhee Rathnam Kalari Kandy, Surinder K. Batra, Surya K. Mallapragada, Satyanarayana Rachagani

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy with high mortality, poor prognosis, and palliative treatments, due to the rapid upregulation of alternative compensatory pathways and desmoplastic reaction. miRNAs, small non-coding RNAs, have been recently identified as key players regulating cancer pathogenesis. Dysregulated miRNAs are associated with molecular pathways involved in tumor development, metastasis, and chemoresistance in PDAC, as well as other cancers. Targeted treatment strategies that alter miRNA levels in cancers have promising potential as therapeutic interventions. miRNA-345 (miR-345) plays a critical role in tumor suppression and is differentially expressed in various cancers, including pancreatic cancer (PC). The underlying …

Dynamic Phenotypic Switching And Group Behavior Help Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells Evade Chemotherapy, Arin Nam, Atish Mohanty, Supriyo Bhattacharya, Sourabh Kotnala, Srisairam Achuthan, Kishore Hari, Saumya Srivastava, Linlin Guo, Anusha Nathan, Rishov Chatterjee, Maneesh Jain, Mohd W. Nasser, Surinder K. Batra, Govindan Rangarajan, Erminia Massarelli, Herbert Levine, Mohit Kumar Jolly, Prakash Kulkarni, Ravi Salgia

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Drug resistance, a major challenge in cancer therapy, is typically attributed to mutations and genetic heterogeneity. Emerging evidence suggests that dynamic cellular interactions and group behavior also contribute to drug resistance. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we present a new mathematical approach with game theoretical underpinnings that we developed to model real-time growth data of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells and discern patterns in response to treatment with cisplatin. We show that the cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-tolerant NSCLC cells, when co-cultured in the absence or presence of the drug, display dynamic group behavior strategies. Tolerant cells exhibit …

Isolation And Characterization Of A Novel Bacteriophage Wo From Allonemobius Socius Crickets In Missouri, Jonah Kupritz, John Martin, Kerstin Fischer, Kurt C. Curtis, Joseph R. Fauver, Yuefang Huang, Young-Jun Choi, Wandy L. Beatty, Makedonka Mitreva, Peter U. Fischer

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

Wolbachia are endosymbionts of numerous arthropod and some nematode species, are important for their development and if present can cause distinct phenotypes of their hosts. Prophage DNA has been frequently detected in Wolbachia, but particles of Wolbachia bacteriophages (phage WO) have been only occasionally isolated. Here, we report the characterization and isolation of a phage WO of the southern ground cricket, Allonemobius socius, and provided the first whole-genome sequence of phage WO from this arthropod family outside of Asia. We screened A. socius abdomen DNA extracts from a cricket population in eastern Missouri by quantitative PCR for Wolbachia surface protein …

Covid-19 Vaccinations: Information For Providers, Kevin Hanna

EMET Projects

No abstract provided.

Virtual Reality For Therapeutic Recreation In Dementia Hospice Care: A Feasibility Study, Claire Ferguson, Natalie Manley, Elizabeth Lyden, Julie Blaskewicz Boron, Marcia Shade

EMET Projects

Purpose

• Feasibility study to explore virtual reality (VR) via wireless goggles as a therapeutic recreation for people with dementia on hospice (hPWD)
• To explore the acceptability of VR to hPWD
• To identify any problems and/or benefits associated with using VR as a form of therapeutic recreation in hPWD on hospice

Effect Of Histone H4 Tail On Nucleosome Stability And Internucleosomal Interactions, Tommy Stormberg, Sridhar Vemulapalli, Shaun Filliaux, Yuri L. Lyubchenko

Journal Articles: Pharmaceutical Sciences

Chromatin structure is dictated by nucleosome assembly and internucleosomal interactions. The tight wrapping of nucleosomes inhibits gene expression, but modifications to histone tails modulate chromatin structure, allowing for proper genetic function. The histone H4 tail is thought to play a large role in regulating chromatin structure. Here we investigated the structure of nucleosomes assembled with a tail-truncated H4 histone using Atomic Force Microscopy. We assembled tail-truncated H4 nucleosomes on DNA templates allowing for the assembly of mononucleosomes or dinucleosomes. Mononucleosomes assembled on nonspecific DNA led to decreased DNA wrapping efficiency. This effect is less pronounced for nucleosomes assembled on positioning …

Patient-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Models For Phenotypic Screening In The Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinoses, Ahmed Morsy, Angelica V. Carmona, Paul C. Trippier

Journal Articles: Pharmaceutical Sciences

Batten disease or neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a group of rare, fatal, inherited neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorders. Numerous genes (CLN1-CLN8, CLN10-CLN14) were identified in which mutations can lead to NCL; however, the underlying pathophysiology remains elusive. Despite this, the NCLs share some of the same features and symptoms but vary in respect to severity and onset of symptoms by age. Some common symptoms include the progressive loss of vision, mental and motor deterioration, epileptic seizures, premature death, and in the rare adult-onset, dementia. Currently, all forms of NCL are fatal, and no curative treatments are available. Induced pluripotent stem …

Improvements To A Framework For Gender And Emerging Infectious Diseases, Lynn Lieberman Lawry, Roberta Lugo-Robles, Vicki Mciver

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

No abstract provided.

Early Enteral Feeding In Preterm Infants: A Narrative Review Of The Nutritional, Metabolic, And Developmental Benefits, Melissa K. Thoene, Ann Anderson-Berry

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

Enteral feeding is the preferred method of nutrient provision for preterm infants. Though parenteral nutrition remains an alternative to provide critical nutrition after preterm delivery, the literature suggests that enteral feeding still confers significant nutritional and non-nutritional benefits. Therefore, the purpose of this narrative review is to summarize health and clinical benefits of early enteral feeding within the first month of life in preterm infants. Likewise, this review also proposes methods to improve enteral delivery in clinical care, including a proposal for decision-making of initiation and advancement of enteral feeding. An extensive literature review assessed enteral studies in preterm infants …

Intraventricular Septation In The Context Of Dilated Cardiomyopathy Associated With Ttn Mutation, Karl R. Khandalavala, Jean A. Ballweg, Stanley J. Radio, Jeffrey A. Robinson

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

A 6-month-old infant boy presented with symptomatic heart failure. Dilated cardiomyopathy was found in association with a mutation in TTN. Structural heart disease included novel septation of the left ventricle with a fenestrated membrane resulting from aberrant congenital mitral valve apparatus formation. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.).

A Midwestern Academic Hiv Clinic Operation During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Implementation Strategy And Preliminary Outcomes, Nada Fadul, Nichole Regan, Layan Kaddoura, Susan Swindells

Journal Articles: Infectious Diseases

During the COVID-19 pandemic, HIV clinics had to transform care delivery for people with HIV (PWH). We developed a multifaceted telehealth implementation strategy and monitored number of out of care patients (OOC), medical visit frequency (MVF), gap in care (GiC) and viral suppression (VS), and compared measures to baseline data. Between April and October 2020, 1559 visits were scheduled; 328 (21%) were missed, and 63 (4%) were new to care. Of the remaining 1168 follow-up visits, 412 (35%) were telehealth visits. As of October 2020, there were 53 patients OOC, MVF was 55% and GiC was 24% compared to 34, …

Search Strategies For "A Review Of Bidimensional Acculturation And Sti/Hiv-Related Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Hispanic Youths", Mariam Taiwo, Melissa Tibbits, Cynthia M. Schmidt

Search Strategies: Leon S. McGoogan Health Sciences Library

No abstract provided.

Intrauterine Transfer Of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids In Mother–Infant Dyads As Analyzed At Time Of Delivery, Vanessa Woodward, Melissa K. Thoene, Matthew Van Ormer, Maranda Thompson, Corrine K. Hanson, Sathish Kumar Natarajan, Maheswari Mukherjee, Ana G. Yuil-Valdes, Tara M. Nordgren, Arzu Ulu, Kristina Harris Jackson, Ann Anderson-Berry

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential for fetal development, and intrauterine transfer is the only supply of PUFAs to the fetus. The prevailing theory of gestational nutrient transfer is that certain nutrients (including PUFAs) may have prioritized transport across the placenta. Numerous studies have identified correlations between maternal and infant fatty acid concentrations; however, little is known about what role maternal PUFA status may play in differential intrauterine nutrient transfer. Twenty mother–infant dyads were enrolled at delivery for collection of maternal and umbilical cord blood, and placental tissue samples. Plasma concentrations of PUFAs were assessed using gas chromatography (GC-FID). Intrauterine …

Qupath Digital Immunohistochemical Analysis Of Placental Tissue, Ashley L. Hein, Maheswari Mukherjee, Geoffrey A. Talmon, Sathish Kumar Natarajan, Tara M. Nordgren, Elizabeth Lyden, Corrine K. Hanson, Jesse L. Cox, Annelisse Santiago-Pintado, Mariam A. Molani, Matthew Van Ormer, Maranda Thompson, Melissa K. Thoene, Aunum Akhter, Ann Anderson-Berry, Ana G. Yuil-Valdes

Journal Articles: Pediatrics

Background: QuPath is an open-source digital image analyzer notable for its user-friendly design, cross-platform compatibility, and customizable functionality. Since it was first released in 2016, at least 624 publications have reported its use, and it has been applied in a wide spectrum of settings. However, there are currently limited reports of its use in placental tissue. Here, we present the use of QuPath to quantify staining of G-protein coupled receptor 18 (GPR18), the receptor for the pro-resolving lipid mediator Resolvin D2, in placental tissue.

Methods: Whole slide images of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) and extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells stained for …

Effects Of Smoking On Healthcare Resource Utilization After Panniculectomy: Analysis Of An Institutional Registry, Kaitlin Hehnke, Jenenne A. Geske, Bradley R. Hall, Emily Zurbuchen, Jason Miller, Ronald R. Hollins, Perry Johnson, Shannon L. Wong, Debra Reilly, Susan Evans

EMET Projects

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Somatic Mutations In Solid Metastatic Pan-Cancer Patients, Moom R. Roosan, Isa Mambetsariev, Rebecca Pharaon, Jeremy Fricke, Angel R. Baroz, Joseph Chao, Chen Chen, Mohd W. Nasser, Ramakanth C. Venkata, Maneesh Jain, Lynette M. Smith, Susan E. Yost, Karen L. Reckamp, Raju Pillai, Leonidas Arvanitis, Michelle Afkhami, Edward W. Wang, Vincent Chung, Mihaela Cristea, Marwan Fakih, Marianna Koczywas, Erminia Massarelli, Joanne Mortimer, Yuan Yuan, Surinder K. Batra, Sumanta Pal, Ravi Salgia

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Metastasis continues to be the primary cause of all cancer-related deaths despite the recent advancements in cancer treatments. To evaluate the role of mutations in overall survival (OS) and treatment outcomes, we analyzed 957 metastatic patients with seven major cancer types who had available molecular testing results with a FoundationOne CDx^® panel. The most prevalent genes with somatic mutations were TP53, KRAS, APC, and LRP1B. In this analysis, these genes had mutation frequencies higher than in publicly available datasets. We identified that the somatic mutations were seven mutually exclusive gene pairs and an additional fifty-two co-occurring gene pairs. Mutations …

Disruption Of Fdps/Rac1 Axis Radiosensitizes Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma By Attenuating Dna Damage Response And Immunosuppressive Signalling, Parthasarathy Seshacharyulu, Sushanta Halder, Rama Krishna Nimmakayala, Satyanarayana Rachagani, Sanjib Chaudhary, Pranita Atri, Ramakanth C. Venkata, Michel M. Ouellette, Joseph Carmicheal, Shailendra K. Gautam, Raghupathy Vengoji, Shuo Wang, Sicong Li, Lynette M. Smith, Geoffrey A. Talmon, Kelsey Klute, Quan P. Ly, Bradley N. Reames, Jean L. Grem, Lyudmyla Berim, James C. Padussis, Sukhwinder Kaur, Sushil Kumar, Moorthy P. Ponnusamy, Maneesh Jain, Chi Lin, Surinder K. Batra

Journal Articles: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

BACKGROUND: Radiation therapy (RT) has a suboptimal effect in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) due to intrinsic and acquired radioresistance (RR). Comprehensive bioinformatics and microarray analysis revealed that cholesterol biosynthesis (CBS) is involved in the RR of PDAC. We now tested the inhibition of the CBS pathway enzyme, farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS), by zoledronic acid (Zol) to enhance radiation and activate immune cells.

METHODS: We investigated the role of FDPS in PDAC RR using the following methods: in vitro cell-based assay, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, immunoblot, cell-based cholesterol assay, RNA sequencing, tumouroids (KPC-murine and PDAC patient-derived), orthotopic models, and PDAC patient's …

Search Strategy For "Prevalence Of Adverse Childhood Experiences (Ace) Among Children And Adolescents In The U.S.: A Scoping Review", Kiara Lyons, Melissa Tibbits 5999447, Jennifer Hill, Kendra Schmid, Shinobu Watanabe-Galloway

Search Strategies: College of Public Health

No abstract provided.

Malondialdehyde Acetaldehyde Adducts (Maa-Adducts) Direct Distinctive Pro-Inflammatory Responses In Endothelial And Macrophage Cell Lines, Patrick J. Opperman, Michael J. Duryee, Ted R. Mikuls, Geoffrey M. Thiele, Dahn L. Clemens, Daniel R. Anderson

EMET Projects

Chronic inflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. At present, the mechanism(s) by which inflammation contributes to this disease isnot entirely understood. Inflammation is known to induce oxidative stress, of which one consequence is lipid peroxidation. This process leads to the production of malondialdehyde (MDA), which can subsequently break down to form acetaldehyde (AA). These two aldehyde by-products can covalently interact with the ε-amino group of lysineswithin proteins and lipoproteins leading to the formation of highly immunogenic malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde adducts (MAA-adducts). The aim of this study was to determine the in-vitro cytokine response of endothelial cells and macrophages …

The Induction Of Autoimmune Arthritis And Sex Differences In Mice Impact The Lung Inflammatory Response To Repetitive Inhalant Organic Dust Extract Exposures, Kathryn Rentfro, Geoffrey M. Thiele, Katherine Janike, Amy J. Nelson, Michael J. Duryee, Bryant R. England, Debra J. Romberger, Joseph Carrington, Dong Wang, Benjamin J. Swanson, Lynell W. Klassen, Ted R. Mikuls, Jill A. Poole

EMET Projects

Asthma, chronic bronchitis and COPD are common adverse respiratory health effects among persons exposed to agriculture organic dust work environments.

• Occupational inhalant exposures have been increasingly associated with the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease development, particularly among males. Agriculture workers have increased risk of RA and generalized bone disease.
• Chronic lung disease is associated with production of characteristic autoantibodies associated with RA (e.g.anti-citrullinated antibodies), even in absence of RA disease.
• The mechanistic link between pulmonary inflammation and arthritis (and vice versa) remains poorly understood. Animal models are lacking.

Differential Microglial Responses Induced By N-A-Synuclein-Specific Effector T Cell Clones, Sean C. Selko, Rebecca A. Wilshusen, Katherine E. Olson, R. Lee Mosley

EMET Projects

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder in which symptoms derive from deficits in dopamine neurotransmitter levels secondary to loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) associated with misfolding and accumulation of α−synuclein. Neuroinflammation via microglia and T effector cells (Teffs) contribute to dopaminergic neuronal cell death. Recognition of cytokine profiles of pro-inflammatory microglia is not well understood and serve as potential therapeutic targets to reduce neuroinflammation. Recent studies demonstrated a novel Th17.1 Teff clonotype increases neurotoxicity. The aim of this study was to demonstrate in vitro cytokine responses by BV-2 microglia induced by Th1, …

Constructing A Learning Community: One Medical Schools Needs Assessment, Kelsey Woods, Brian P. Boerner, Jenenne A. Geske

EMET Projects

No abstract provided.

Differences In Pain, Happiness, And Global Functioning Scores In Patients With Oi Between Pamidronate And Zoledronate, Tinotenda Sekeramayi, Elizabeth Strudthoff, Kaeli Samson, Maegen Wallace

EMET Projects

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Neuraxial Anesthesia On Post Operative Pain Scores In Children With Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Lauren Greufe, Nick Bohannon, Amy Beethe, Maegen Wallace, Paul Esposito, Jenenne A. Geske, Susan Evans, Jessica Goeller

EMET Projects

No abstract provided.

Gendered Differences In Consent And Brochures For Permanent Birth Control, Caleb Ayers, Arika L. Hoffman, Jenenne A. Geske

EMET Projects

Background

Gendered differences have been documented for many healthcare outcomes. One cause of such differences is gendered differences in language, which has been documented in many fields. The difference in language used to describe permanent birth control to women (tubal ligation) versus men (vasectomy) has not been studied.

Objectives

To analyze consent forms and brochures for female and male permanent sterilization for gendered differences in language.

Methods

A convenience sample of consent forms and brochures was obtained and analyzed for differences in the emphasis on various subject matter.

Results

Physiologic explanations and insurance and/or cost was discussed more in documents …

Assessing Patients’ Awareness And Perception Of The Unmc Sharing Clinic Among Patients Visiting Nebraska Medicine’S Emergency Department, Ann K. Pearson, Lauren E. Timm, Aaron Barksdale, Melanie Menning

EMET Projects

No abstract provided.

Frequency Of Aortic Miscannulation During Fluoroscopy-Free Endovascular Navigation, Sruti Prathivadhi-Bhay

EMET Projects

No abstract provided.

Maintaining My Humanity In Medical School, Max Lydiatt

EMET Projects

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Targeted Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation On Hippocampal-Dependent Declarative Memory In Older Adults, Carly Faller, Ran Jing, Nicholas Christopher-Hayes, Anthony Rangel, Connor J. Phipps, Vaishali Phatak, Daniel L. Murman, David E. Warren

EMET Projects

No abstract provided.