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Articles 451 - 480 of 3145
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Risk Of Aggressive Acid Suppression: Clostridium Difficile And Norovirus Coinfection, Sidratul Baizeed, Juan Manuel Potes, Tyler Green
Risk Of Aggressive Acid Suppression: Clostridium Difficile And Norovirus Coinfection, Sidratul Baizeed, Juan Manuel Potes, Tyler Green
UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations
2023 clinical vignette poster
Clostridium Tertium Bacteremia In Immunocompetent Patient - Contamination Or True Pathogen?, Heath Donahue
Clostridium Tertium Bacteremia In Immunocompetent Patient - Contamination Or True Pathogen?, Heath Donahue
UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations
2023 clinical vignette poster
Checking Hormone Levels: A Differential For Female Fatigue, Makayla Hyde, Shaista Qureshi
Checking Hormone Levels: A Differential For Female Fatigue, Makayla Hyde, Shaista Qureshi
UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations
2023 clinical vignette poster
Naltrexone Use In Adolescents To Decrease Incidences Of Self-Harm, Pedram Maleknia, Janaki Nimmagadda
Naltrexone Use In Adolescents To Decrease Incidences Of Self-Harm, Pedram Maleknia, Janaki Nimmagadda
UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations
2023 clinical vignette poster
Altered Mental Status And The Importance Of Thorough Discussion Of Past Medical History With Patient And Family, Pedram Maleknia, Kathryn Elizabeth Heaton, Roger D. Smalligan
Altered Mental Status And The Importance Of Thorough Discussion Of Past Medical History With Patient And Family, Pedram Maleknia, Kathryn Elizabeth Heaton, Roger D. Smalligan
UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations
2023 clinical vignette poster
How To Recognize Argyria, Charles Wesley Minor, Chandler Stisher
How To Recognize Argyria, Charles Wesley Minor, Chandler Stisher
UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations
2023 clinical vignette poster
Application Of Pharmacogenetics In Pediatric Psychiatry, Bethany Langner, Gabrielle Willhelm, Janaki Nimmagadda
Application Of Pharmacogenetics In Pediatric Psychiatry, Bethany Langner, Gabrielle Willhelm, Janaki Nimmagadda
UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations
2023 clinical vignette poster
The Blue Man-When Treating Ed Leads To A Trip To The Ed, Ryan Zaniewski, Sindhu Lakkur, Parekha Yedla
The Blue Man-When Treating Ed Leads To A Trip To The Ed, Ryan Zaniewski, Sindhu Lakkur, Parekha Yedla
UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations
2023 clinical vignette poster
Predictive Factors For Elective Surgery Cancellations And No-Shows, Caleb Hood, Sheridan Rose, Daniel Boyett
Predictive Factors For Elective Surgery Cancellations And No-Shows, Caleb Hood, Sheridan Rose, Daniel Boyett
UAB Huntsville Research Day - All Presentations
2023 research poster
Investigating The Electrostatics Of Mucins As Key Contributors To Mucus Stasis In Cystic Fibrosis, Elex Skylar Rose
Investigating The Electrostatics Of Mucins As Key Contributors To Mucus Stasis In Cystic Fibrosis, Elex Skylar Rose
All ETDs from UAB
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, which encodes a channel responsible for the transport of chloride and bicarbonate ions across the apical cell surface. In the respiratory tract, defective CFTR results in viscous and adherent mucus that becomes static within the airway, which leads to chronic infections, progressive lung damage, and early mortality. Historically, CF mucus stasis has been attributed to significant airway dehydration; however, growing evidence has demonstrated that aberrant electrostatic properties of mucins also contribute to mucus stasis in CF. Mucins are large, polymeric glycoproteins …
Role Of Dpy30 In The Epigenetic Regulation Of Odontoblast Differentiation In Vitro, Namrata Landge Rana
Role Of Dpy30 In The Epigenetic Regulation Of Odontoblast Differentiation In Vitro, Namrata Landge Rana
All ETDs from UAB
Purpose: Dentin is produced from odontoblasts, derived from human Dental Pulp Cells (hDPCs), which are essential for dentin formation, remodeling, and mineral hemostasis. Epigenetic mechanisms are believed to be involved in odontoblast differentiation and function, and H3K4 methylation is associated with gene activation which is fundamental to histone-based epigenetics. The SET1/MLL complexes are mammals' major histone H3K4 methylation enzymes. DPY30 is a core subunit of SET1/MII complexes, mammalian's major histone H3K4 methyltransferases. It plays an important role in regulating fundamental processes including the determination of cell lineage, growth, and differentiation. Thus, histone-based epigenetic mechanisms are involved in odontoblast differentiation and …
Maternal, Infant, And Early Childhood Home Visiting And School Readiness In Alabama, Heather H. Johnson
Maternal, Infant, And Early Childhood Home Visiting And School Readiness In Alabama, Heather H. Johnson
All ETDs from UAB
This study examined the relationship between home visiting and school readiness in Alabama. Topics included a scoping review of the home visiting literature, statistical analyses of Alabama’s Teaching Strategies GOLD® (GOLD) data to determine if there were differences in performance among children who received home visiting compared to those who did not, and the development of a Key Driver Diagram (KDD) to inform improvement in home visiting practices that support school readiness. The scoping review of the literature indicated an absence of consistent definitions and measurement of the concept of school readiness. Through thematic analysis of the articles, contextual factors …
Early Life Stress And Endothelin Receptor Type A: Separate Roles In Mediating Colitis, Rachel Q. Muir
Early Life Stress And Endothelin Receptor Type A: Separate Roles In Mediating Colitis, Rachel Q. Muir
All ETDs from UAB
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) results from the interplay of genetic susceptibility, environmental influences, the microbiota, and aberrant immune responses. Despite the fact that over 200 genetic susceptibility loci have been identified, the genetic contribution to disease onset is believed to be less than 50%. Environmental factors have arisen as key drivers of disease. Early life stress (ELS) is an understudied environmental trigger linked to IBD susceptibility. Utilizing 2 separate models of ELS, we show that ELS results in diminished colonic corticosterone and prolonged intestinal inflammation upon colitogenic insult. ELS-exposed animals consistently demonstrated high levels of colonic Tnf, concurrently with decreased …
The Influence Of A Low Glycemic Load Diet On Appetite In Women With Pcos, Sarah Et Hoover
The Influence Of A Low Glycemic Load Diet On Appetite In Women With Pcos, Sarah Et Hoover
All ETDs from UAB
Dysregulated appetite may contribute to weight gain and high prevalence of comorbid obesity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), yet dietary recommendations to promote satiety and facilitate weight maintenance in this population remain scarce. The objective of this dissertation was to determine if women with PCOS have alterations in appetite-regulating hormones that can be manipulated by low glycemic load diet habituation to improve satiety. This was tested by secondary analyses of two randomized controlled dietary intervention trials in women with and without PCOS. First, we explored differences in women with and without PCOS during a standardized liquid meal test …
Mechanisms Of Simulated-Spinal Manipulative Therapy In Animal Models Of Low Back Pain, Carla Rigo Lima
Mechanisms Of Simulated-Spinal Manipulative Therapy In Animal Models Of Low Back Pain, Carla Rigo Lima
All ETDs from UAB
Low back pain (LBP), a condition characterized by pain experienced between the 12th rib margin and gluteal folds, is a prevalent health problem that affects an ever-increasing population worldwide. First-line treatment for LBP often involves non-pharmacological approaches, including spinal manipulative therapy (SMT), which has demonstrated mild-to-moderate clinical efficacy. However, despite its therapeutic benefits, the physiological mechanisms underlying the analgesic effects of SMT in LBP are still not well understood. Recent evidence suggests that sensitization of peripheral and central nervous system structures contribute to the progression and maintenance of LBP with inflammatory cytokines, reactive glial cells, and/or aberrant muscle spindle activity …
Molecular Mechanisms Of Amphetamine Abuse, Samuel James Mabry
Molecular Mechanisms Of Amphetamine Abuse, Samuel James Mabry
All ETDs from UAB
Amphetamine (AMPH), a psychostimulant commonly prescribed for the treatment of neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders, has a high liability for abuse. The stimulant properties of AMPH are primarily associated with its ability to increase dopamine (DA) neurotransmission. This increase is mediated by non-vesicular DA release (DA efflux). This DA efflux is the result of the reversal of the DA transporter (DAT), which is promoted by AMPH. Syntaxin 1 (Stx1), a SNARE protein, interacts with the DAT N-terminus. Stx1 is phosphorylated at Ser14 by casein kinase II (CK2). This phosphorylation site contributes to the DAT/Stx1 interaction and is critical for allowing DAT …
Strategies For Her2 Targeted Pet Imaging, Maxwell Adams Ducharme
Strategies For Her2 Targeted Pet Imaging, Maxwell Adams Ducharme
All ETDs from UAB
Breast cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancers diagnosed in women each year. The HER2-positive subtype of breast cancer is associated with poor prognosis and lower progression-free survival. Early identification of HER2 expression is extremely important for the effective treatment of the disease. Current methods to diagnose HER2-positive breast cancer involve invasive biopsies to semi-quantitatively determine the amount of HER2 expression. However, many lesions are often unavailable for biopsy due to their location and there may be variable HER2 expression between the primary tumor and metastasis. Positron emission tomography (PET) can give a full-body, non-invasive evaluation of …
Differential Mechanisms Of Intestinal Inflammation Drive Pathogenesis Of Diabetic Retinopathy In Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes, Jason Levi Floyd
Differential Mechanisms Of Intestinal Inflammation Drive Pathogenesis Of Diabetic Retinopathy In Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes, Jason Levi Floyd
All ETDs from UAB
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes and, along with diabetic macular edema (DME), accounts for the greatest source of vision-threatening eye disease in the working-age community. DR is caused by weakening of the retinal vasculature, the blood-retinal barrier (BRB), by high levels of blood glucose (hyperglycemia), exacerbations of oxidative stress, and systemic inflammatory factors. Many of these inflammatory factors are metabolic by-products and cell membrane constituents of the gut microbiota, the resident community of microbial species which inhabit the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract. These factors are collectively termed gut microbial antigens (GMAs). In diabetes, …
Biochemical Characterization Of Rna Polymerases I, Ii, And Iii And Its Therapeutic Implications, Ruth Qian Jacobs
Biochemical Characterization Of Rna Polymerases I, Ii, And Iii And Its Therapeutic Implications, Ruth Qian Jacobs
All ETDs from UAB
In contrast to Bacteria and Archaea that express a single DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RNAP), eukaryotes express at least three structurally distinct, nuclear, DNA-dependent RNA polymerases (Pols I, II, and III) that are responsible for synthesizing all the genome-encoded RNA required by the cell. Despite the discovery of the Pols over 50 years ago, there remains a knowledge gap concerning their enzymatic properties. Over the course of evolution, we know that Pols I, II, and III have diverged in structure and function. They share a 10-subunit core and are each responsible for transcribing unique genetic loci. What remains to be understood …
Neural-Glial-Vascular Interactions In Human Outer Retina, Deepayan Kar
Neural-Glial-Vascular Interactions In Human Outer Retina, Deepayan Kar
All ETDs from UAB
The outer retinal metabolic ecosystem is a complex interplay among photoreceptors, RPE and blood supply from the retinal and choroidal microcirculation. Breakdown of any component of this ecosystem has detrimental effects and can lead to cellular dysfunction. For example, in age-related macular degeneration a major cause of vision loss in older adults, breakdown of this metabolic unit has severe structural and functional implications. Thus, every feature and component of this ecosystem seems to be optimized to protect non-replicating, terminally differentiated cells from being damaged. Remarkably, much of the cellular and subcellular organization of this system is available for observation in …
The Association Of Availability And Accessibility Of Federally Qualified Health Centers On Hospitals' Reported Charity Care, Philip Cendoma
The Association Of Availability And Accessibility Of Federally Qualified Health Centers On Hospitals' Reported Charity Care, Philip Cendoma
All ETDs from UAB
Hospitals are facing financially challenging times. Each year, billions of dollars are spent by hospitals to provide care to patients that, ultimately, will go unreimbursed. How to effectively provide accessible and affordable health care to the uninsured population continues to be a topic of discussion for policymakers, healthcare administrators, as well as healthcare-based consortiums, and consultant. The cost of charity care consists largely of the care provided to the uninsured population. Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) play an important role in providing primary care to the uninsured population, regardless of the patient’s ability to pay. Based on the 5 A’s …
Neutrophil Heterogeneity And Alternative Granulopoiesis In Chronic Inflammatory Conditions, Ashley N. Connelly
Neutrophil Heterogeneity And Alternative Granulopoiesis In Chronic Inflammatory Conditions, Ashley N. Connelly
All ETDs from UAB
Neutrophils, the most abundant type of circulating leukocyte, represent a heterogeneous population with distinct roles in immune regulation and disease pathogenesis. A major obstacle to our understanding of neutrophil biology is that neutrophils are readily activated during preparation. The lack of standardized methodology for neutrophil characterization makes the comparison of results across studies challenging. Here we provide a careful comparison of eight characterization methods and present a novel, optimized protocol for the characterization of whole blood neutrophils minimizing activationinduced phenotypic alterations during processing. Despite successful virological control, HIV-1-infected individuals maintain an increased risk of life-threatening comorbidities including liver, cardiovascular, and …
Impact Of Arthroplasty Surgery On The Local Immune Composition Of The Knee Joint And Implications For The Periprosthetic Joint Infection, Kyle H. Cichos
Impact Of Arthroplasty Surgery On The Local Immune Composition Of The Knee Joint And Implications For The Periprosthetic Joint Infection, Kyle H. Cichos
All ETDs from UAB
The overall risk of infection after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has not improved over the past 20 years, remaining 10-40 times greater than the risk of infection of a native knee. Despite extensive research into periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), little is known about the synovial fluid immune homeostasis of the native knee joint and how TKA surgery itself impacts the local immune composition. While many postulate a role for cartilage in maintaining this immune homeostasis, the exact method in which it contributes remains elusive. Therefore, in this dissertation I have investigated the synovial fluid changes occurring in the knee joint …
Differential Recruitment Of Bone Marrow-Derived Cells Into The Injured Retina, Bright Asare-Bediako
Differential Recruitment Of Bone Marrow-Derived Cells Into The Injured Retina, Bright Asare-Bediako
All ETDs from UAB
The hematopoietic system, which resides in the bone marrow in adults, maintains the constant turnover of blood cells in the circulatory system and supplies inflammatory/vascular reparative cells to the retina. Chronic metabolic diseases disrupt hematopoietic homeostasis, suppressing the generation of bone marrow-derived reparative cells in favor of pro-inflammatory cells. While much research has been done on development and disease-associated changes in hematopoiesis in the long bones and how mobilization to the retina is affected, the calvarium's hematopoiesis is underexplored. This dissertation investigated hematopoiesis in postnatal development and in disease, comparing calvarium hematopoiesis to that of long bones. The findings showed …
Contributions Of Off-Season Training And Food Security Status On Body Composition And Performance In Collegiate Football Players, Kathryn Lee Stowers
Contributions Of Off-Season Training And Food Security Status On Body Composition And Performance In Collegiate Football Players, Kathryn Lee Stowers
All ETDs from UAB
Body composition measurements are collected periodically in the collegiate athletic setting to evaluate health and predict athletic performance of individual athletes. However, the effects of remote training and food insecurity on body composition have yet to be fully investigated in this population. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the influence of remote training and food security status on body composition and performance changes during off-season training. Aims 1 and 2 focus specifically on how factors affect body composition changes in collegiate football players during off-season training. Data were collected from routine body composition testing and food security screening …
Induction Of Antibiotic Activity Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus In Small Molecules Through Zinc Activation, Rachel Michaela Andrews
Induction Of Antibiotic Activity Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus In Small Molecules Through Zinc Activation, Rachel Michaela Andrews
All ETDs from UAB
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious human pathogen with a staggering potential for multi-drug resistance. Because of this, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization monitor the spread of MRSA and encourage antibiotic development efforts targeting this pathogen. Despite this, few antibiotics have been developed and brought to market in recent decades. To continue treating infections caused by this organism, we must identify novel antibiotic molecules with different mechanisms of action from known antibiotics. Bacterial copper-dependent inhibitors (CDIs), molecules that become antibacterial in the presence of copper (Cu), have been studied as a novel …
Comparing Volumetric Wear Of Lithium Disilicate Against Different Ceramics And Enamel Antagonist An In-Vitro Study, Krisha Shah
Comparing Volumetric Wear Of Lithium Disilicate Against Different Ceramics And Enamel Antagonist An In-Vitro Study, Krisha Shah
All ETDs from UAB
Background: In patients with restored dentitions, it is possible for crowns on opposing teeth to gradually wear each other through chewing and bruxism. Therefore, the wear of restorative materials used for dental crowns is an important mechanical property for their long-term clinical success. Lithium disilicate is a widely used dental ceramic due to its strength, machinability, and translucency. Due to the rising use of ceramic restorations, a comparison of the wear resistance of lithium disilicate against different ceramic crown materials is useful for the clinician when selecting a crown material to oppose an existing lithium disilicate crown. Objective: To compare …
Chronic Hiv Infection Influences The Immune Response To Sars-Cov-2, Skye Opsteen
Chronic Hiv Infection Influences The Immune Response To Sars-Cov-2, Skye Opsteen
All ETDs from UAB
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused global morbidity and mortality since late 2019. Many infections result in self-limited disease and recovery in 1-2 weeks. However, a subset of individuals experience more severe illness, associated with hospitalization, ventilation, and potential mortality. HIV infection is a proposed risk factor for more severe illness due to people living with HIV (PLWH) experiencing chronic immune activation and inflammation despite effective antiretroviral therapy. While there is supporting evidence showing worsened clinical outcomes in PLWH experiencing acute COVID-19, the immune response driving these outcomes is less explored. We analyzed markers of immune activation …
Diagnostic Outcomes Of Digital Images For Comprehensive Examination In Pediatric Dentistry: An Intraexaminer Agreement Assessment, Maria Fernanda Montoya
Diagnostic Outcomes Of Digital Images For Comprehensive Examination In Pediatric Dentistry: An Intraexaminer Agreement Assessment, Maria Fernanda Montoya
All ETDs from UAB
Purpose: To Assess intra-examiner diagnoses obtained via traditional oral clinical examination (TCE) versus digital oral examination (DOE) completed from digital video images of pediatric patients. Methods: Fifty pediatric patients 5 to 10 years of age, who attend the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) for initial consultations or regular visits were included in this study. Individual oral comprehensive examinations were done by five second-year pediatric dentistry residents. A trained dental hygienist recorded a full mouth intraoral video for each patient via MouthWatch intraoral camera and stored using existing Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure. After …
Effect Of Different Supporting Die Materials And Crown Thicknesses On The Fracture Load Of Monolithic 3y-Tzp Zirconia And Lithium Disilicate Crowns, Akram Mohamed Mohamed Gad Sayed Ahmed
Effect Of Different Supporting Die Materials And Crown Thicknesses On The Fracture Load Of Monolithic 3y-Tzp Zirconia And Lithium Disilicate Crowns, Akram Mohamed Mohamed Gad Sayed Ahmed
All ETDs from UAB
Background: Conventionally, the strength of dental materials used for fixed restorations is measured using specimens of simplified geometry (i.e bars or discs). There is value in measuring the strength of these materials in their anatomic geometry (i.e crowns) under clinically relevant loading conditions. One advantage of performing the so-called crown fracture test is that the material may benefit from its ability to be strengthened by its bond to a tooth-mimicking die. When performing a crown fracture test, the ideal die material is natural tooth structure. However, the variability in natural tooth anatomy and microstructure makes the use of a standardized, …