Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Remembering Dr. Henry W. Gray (1827-1861) And His Timeless Contribution To Modern Medical Education., Niti Shahi, Abigail L. Brooks, Charles J. Yeo, Scott W. Cowan, Gerald A. Isenberg

Department of Surgery Gibbon Society Historical Profiles

No abstract provided.

Development And Implementation Of A Clinical Pathway Approach To Simulation-Based Training For Foregut Surgery., Kiyoyuki W. Miyasaka, Joseph Buchholz, Denise Lamarra, Giorgos C. Karakousis, Rajesh Aggarwal

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

INTRODUCTION: Contemporary demands on resident education call for integration of simulation. We designed and implemented a simulation-based curriculum for Post Graduate Year 1 surgery residents to teach technical and nontechnical skills within a clinical pathway approach for a foregut surgery patient, from outpatient visit through surgery and postoperative follow-up.

METHODS: The 3-day curriculum for groups of 6 residents comprises a combination of standardized patient encounters, didactic sessions, and hands-on training. The curriculum is underpinned by a summative simulation "pathway" repeated on days 1 and 3. The "pathway" is a series of simulated preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative encounters in following up …

The Effects Of Test-Enhanced Learning On Long-Term Retention In Aan Annual Meeting Courses., Douglas P Larsen, Andrew C Butler, Wint Y Aung, John R Corboy, Deborah I Friedman, Michael R Sperling

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: We measured the long-term retention of knowledge gained through selected American Academy of Neurology annual meeting courses and compared the effects of repeated quizzing (known as test-enhanced learning) and repeated studying on that retention.

METHODS: Participants were recruited from 4 annual meeting courses. All participants took a pretest. This randomized, controlled trial utilized a within-subjects design in which each participant experienced 3 different postcourse activities with each activity performed on different material. Each key information point from the course was randomized in a counterbalanced fashion among participants to one of the 3 activities: repeated short-answer quizzing, repeated studying, and …

Francis Daniels Moore: One Of The Brightest Minds In The Surgical Field., Sara L. Low, Bs, Charles J. Yeo, Md, Scott W. Cowan, Md, Ashesh P. Shah, Md

Department of Surgery Gibbon Society Historical Profiles

Francis Daniels Moore was a pioneer ahead of his time who made numerous landmark contributions to the field of surgery, including the understanding of metabolic physiology during surgery, liver and kidney transplant, and the famous Study on Surgical Services of the United States (SOSSUS) report of 1975 that served for decades as a guideline for development of surgical residencies. He was the epitome of what a physician should be, a compassionate and dedicated surgeon, innovative scientist, and a medical professional dedicated to quality medical education across all specialties.

Exploration And Confirmation Of The Latent Variable Structure Of The Jefferson Scale Of Empathy., Mohammadreza Hojat, Marianna Lanoue

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To reaffirm the underlying components of the JSE by using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and to confirm its latent variable structure by using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).

METHODS: Research participants included 2,612 medical students who entered Jefferson Medical College between 2002 and 2012. This sample was divided into two groups: Matriculants between 2002 and 2007 (n=1,380) and be-tween 2008 and 2012 (n=1,232). Data for 2002-2007 matriculants were subjected to EFA (principal component factor extraction), and data for matriculants of 2008-2012 were used for CFA (structural equation modeling, and root mean square error for approximation.

RESULTS: The EFA resulted in …

Social Media Guidelines And Best Practices: Recommendations From The Council Of Residency Directors Social Media Task Force., Malford T Pillow, Laura Hopson, Michael Bond, Daniel Cabrera, Leigh Patterson, David Pearson, Harsh P. Sule Md, Felix Ankel, Madonna Fernández-Frackelton, R. Hall, Jason A Kegg, Donald Norris, Katrin Takenaka

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

Social media has become a staple of everyday life among over one billion people worldwide. A social networking presence has become a hallmark of vibrant and transparent communications. It has quickly become the preferred method of communication and information sharing. It offers the ability for various entities, especially residency programs, to create an attractive internet presence and "brand" the program. Social media, while having significant potential for communication and knowledge transfer, carries with it legal, ethical, personal, and professional risks. Implementation of a social networking presence must be deliberate, transparent, and optimize potential benefits while minimizing risks. This is especially …

Assessments Of Empathy In Medical School Admissions: What Additional Evidence Is Needed?, Mohammadreza Hojat

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

The Association for the Study of Medical Education (ASME) sponsored a symposium on the theme of Examin-ing the Evidence with Regard to Character, Personality and Values in Medical School Selection which was held on October 14, 2013 at the University of Sheffield Medical School in the United Kingdom. I was invited to speak about credibility issues related to personality assessments in health profession educations. To my pleasant surprise, I found the European audience receptive (more than their counterparts in the United States) to the idea of using personality assess-ments in admission decisions. There seems to be a hesita-tion among leaders …

Leadership Considerations For Executive Vice Chairs, New Chairs, And Chairs In The 21st Century., Elisabeth J.S. Kunkel, Jon A. Lehrmann, Michael J. Vergare, Laura Weiss Roberts

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

The need to fulfill academic goals in the context of significant economic challenges, new regulatory requirements, and ever-changing expectations for leadership requires continuous adaptation. This paper serves as an educational resource for emerging leaders from the literature, national leaders, and other “best practices” in the following domains: 1. Mentorship; 2. Faculty Development; 3. Promotion; 4. Demonstrating value in each of the academic missions; 5. Marketing and communications; and 6. Barriers

Education And Referral Criteria: Impact On Oncology Referrals To Palliative Care., Barbara Reville, Joanne Reifsnyder, Deborah B Mcguire, Karen Kaiser, Abbie Santana

Department of Family & Community Medicine Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To describe a quality improvement project involving education and referral criteria to influence oncology provider referrals to a palliative care service.

METHODS: A single group post-test only quasi-experimental design was used to evaluate palliative care service (PCS) referrals following an intervention consisting of a didactic presentation, education outreach visits (EOV) to key providers, and referral criteria. Data on patient demographics, cancer types, consult volume, reasons for referral, pre-consult length of stay, overall hospital stay, and discharge disposition were collected pre-intervention, then post-intervention for 7.5 months and compared.

SETTING AND SAMPLE: Attending oncologists, nurse practitioner, and house staff from the …

Psychometrics Of The Scale Of Attitudes Toward Physician-Pharmacist Collaboration: A Study With Medical Students., Mohammadreza Hojat, John Spandorfer, Gerald A. Isenberg, Michael J. Vergare, Reza Fassihi, Joseph S. Gonnella

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Despite the emphasis placed on interdisciplinary education and interprofessional collaboration between physicians and pharmacologists, no psychometrically sound instrument is available to measure attitudes toward collaborative relationships.

AIM: This study was designed to examine psychometrics of an instrument for measuring attitudes toward physician-pharmacist collaborative relationships for administration to students in medical and pharmacy schools and to physicians and pharmacists.

METHODS: The Scale of Attitudes Toward Physician-Pharmacist Collaboration was completed by 210 students at Jefferson Medical College. Factor analysis and correlational methods were used to examine psychometrics of the instrument.

RESULTS: Consistent with the conceptual framework of interprofessional collaboration, three underlying …

Sir William Osler, M.D., C.M., Jonathan Sarik, B.S., Charles J. Yeo, Md, Pinckney J. Maxwell, Iv, Md

Department of Surgery Gibbon Society Historical Profiles

Sir William Osler impacted medical education and the practice of medicine like few other physicians. As a writer, he authored nearly 1500 publications and lent his name to numerous eponyms. As a teacher he educated vast numbers of students and through his legacy impacted countless more. Sir William Osler (Fig. 1) epitomized what a physician should be throughout his professional life.

Robert Milton Zollinger, M.D., Teacher, Surgeon, Soldier, And Farmer., Fiona M. Chory, B.S., Charles J. Yeo, Md, Pinckney J. Maxwell, Iv, Md

Department of Surgery Gibbon Society Historical Profiles

From Humble roots, Dr. Robert Milton Zollinger worked his way to a position in history among the giants of American surgery. He was born on September 4, 1903, in the central Ohio town of Millersport, the son of Elmira and William Zollinger. Neither of his parents had a high school education, but they supported education and always expressed a confidence that young Robert would be successful at anything he attempted.1 He had aspirations of attending West Point, a dream that was never fulfilled when he decided to be a surgeon. On being informed of his son’s intentions, Zollinger’s father bestowed …

John H. Gibbon, Jr., M.D.: Surgical Innovator, Pioneer, And Inspiration., Jordan P. Bloom, B.S., Charles J. Yeo, Md, Herbert E. Cohn, Md, Pinckney J. Maxwell, Iv, Md

Department of Surgery Gibbon Society Historical Profiles

Throughout history there have been many discoveries that have changed the world, including Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity, Alexander Graham Bell’s telephone, and Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce’s microchip. There are a few analogous contributions that have been made in medicine: Sir Alexander’s discovery of penicillin, Lister’s principles of antiseptic technique, Salk and Sabin’s vaccines for polio, as well as numerous others. These innovative thinkers all had two factors in common. First, they were pioneers who faced problems that had no solutions at the time and who refused to accept the status quo in the face of great scrutiny and …

Price, Access And Education At Philadelphia Farmers' Markets, Anna M. Quinn

Master of Public Health Capstone Presentations

Inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables is linked to chronic disease and obesity. However, consumption rates of fruits and vegetables in the US and specifically in Philadelphia continue to fall short of recommendations for a healthy diet. Access and price are two barriers in the food environment that prevent sufficient fruit and vegetable consumption. Farmers’ markets offer increased access to fruit and vegetables, yet continue to be perceived as being more costly than grocery stores. This study’s primary aim was to determine if the price of fruit and vegetables are more expensive at farmers’ markets than grocery stores in Philadelphia. …

Innovative Approaches To Generational Instruction: Welcoming The Nexters Via The Hybrid, Kellie Smith, Rn, Msn, Kathleen Clark, Rn, Msn, Cnrn, Apn, Bc

College of Nursing Faculty Papers & Presentations

Students currently entering higher
education were born between 1980-
2000 and are often referred to as
NeXters, Millennials, or Generation Y.

An undergraduate nursing core
curriculum course was developed and
implemented using a constructivist
pedagogy approach which
characterizes generational
distinctiveness to optimize learning
and student satisfaction.

The Devil Is In The Third Year: A Longitudinal Study Of Erosion Of Empathy In Medical School., Mohammadreza Hojat, Michael J. Vergare, Kaye Maxwell, George Brainard, Steven K. Herrine, Gerald A. Isenberg, John Veloski, Joseph S. Gonnella

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: This longitudinal study was designed to examine changes in medical students' empathy during medical school and to determine when the most significant changes occur.

METHOD: Four hundred fifty-six students who entered Jefferson Medical College in 2002 (n = 227) and 2004 (n = 229) completed the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy at five different times: at entry into medical school on orientation day and subsequently at the end of each academic year. Statistical analyses were performed for the entire cohort, as well as for the "matched" cohort (participants who identified themselves at all five test administrations) and the "unmatched" …

Fostering Community Of Relationships Via Online Discussion, Kellie Smith, Rn, Msn

College of Nursing Faculty Papers & Presentations

Background:

Statistics reveal that online education continues to expand in significant numbers throughout higher education. Nursing education must evolve and incorporate instructional technologies to meet the needs of the new era of tech-savvy students. An important aspect to consider for online and nursing education is creating and fostering a strong sense of community among students. Establishing a sense of community builds relationships among nursing students, assists in developing a comfort level with online course technology, is conducive to learning, and encourages reflection on learning possibilities. It has been established that online threaded discussions can encourage the growth of a learning …

Making The Muve To Virtual Education, Kevin Jarrett, Caren Levine, Marianne Malmstrom, Fil Santiago, Susan Toth-Cohen

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

Second Life, a 3D multi-user virtual environment (MUVE), is becoming an increasingly popular topic at educational technology conferences and in the media these days. What’s all the fuss about?

Online Teaching Preparedness: What About Our Faculty?, Kellie Smith, Edd, Rn, Elizabeth Elkind, Rnc, Msn, Mba, Phd(C)

College of Nursing Faculty Papers & Presentations

Rutgers Twenty-Sixth Annual International Nursing Computer and Technology Conference. Las Vegas, NV. (podium presentation).

22 PowerPoint slides.

Turf Wars In Radiology: What Must Academic Radiology Do?, Vijay M. Rao, David C. Levin

Department of Radiology Faculty Papers

In a previous article in this series, we called upon private practice radiology groups to better support radiology research financially, but also pointed out that academic radiology must make some changes as well. In this article, we discuss those changes in detail. They include revising the structure of the radiology residency, changing the timing of the American Board of Radiology oral examinations, requiring that all residents receive research training, and emphasizing the value of clinical and translational research. The Society of Chairmen of Academic Radiology Departments (SCARD) needs to assume a leadership role in implementing these changes.

Jefferson College Of Health Professions 2005-2006 Annual Report, James B. Erdmann

College of Health Professions Administrative Documents and Reports

No abstract provided.

Experts Recommend Strategies For Strengthening The Use Of Advanced Practice Nurses In Nursing Homes., Mathy Mezey, Sarah Greene Burger, Harrison G Bloom, Alice Bonner, Mary Bourbonniere, Barbara Bowers, Jeffrey B Burl, Elizabeth Capezuti, Diane Carter, Jacob Dimant, Sarah A Jerro, Susan C Reinhard, Marilyn Ter Maat

College of Nursing Faculty Papers & Presentations

In 2003, The John A. Hartford Foundation Institute for Geriatric Nursing, New York University Division of Nursing, convened an expert panel to explore the potential for developing recommendations for the caseloads of advanced practice nurses (APNs) in nursing homes and to provide substantive and detailed strategies to strengthen the use of APNs in nursing homes. The panel, consisting of nationally recognized experts in geriatric practice, education, research, public policy, and long-term care, developed six recommendations related to caseloads for APNs in nursing homes. The recommendations address educational preparation of APNs; average reimbursable APN visits per day; factors affecting APNs caseload …

The Global Campaign (Gc) To Reduce The Burden Of Headache Worldwide. The International Team For Specialist Education (Itse)., Paolo Martelletti, Redda T Haimanot, Miguel J A Láinez, Alan M Rapoport, K Ravishankar, Fumihiko Sakai, Stephen Silberstein, Maurice Vincent, Timothy J Steiner

Department of Jefferson Headache Center papers and presentations

The social perception of headache, everywhere at low levels in industrialised countries, becomes totally absent in developing ones. Headache disorders came into the World Health Organization's strategic priorities after publication of the 2001 World Health Report. Among the leading causes of disability, migraine was ranked 19th for adults of both sexes together and 12th for females. The Global Campaign (GC) to Reduce the Burden of Headache Worldwide was planned by the major international headache organizations together with WHO in order to identify and remove those cultural, social and educational barriers recognised as responsible factors for the inadequate treatment of headache …

Identifying Inaccuracies On Emergency Medicine Residency Applications., Eric D Katz, Lee Shockley, Lawrence Kass, David Howes, Janis P Tupesis, Christopher Weaver, Osman R Sayan, Victoria Hogan, Jason Begue, Diamond Vrocher, Jackie Frazer, Timothy Evans, Gene Hern, Ralph Riviello, Antonio Rivera, Keith Kinoshita, Edward Ferguson

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Previous trials have showed a 10-30% rate of inaccuracies on applications to individual residency programs. No studies have attempted to corroborate this on a national level. Attempts by residency programs to diminish the frequency of inaccuracies on applications have not been reported. We seek to clarify the national incidence of inaccuracies on applications to emergency medicine residency programs. METHODS: This is a multi-center, single-blinded, randomized, cohort study of all applicants from LCME accredited schools to involved EM residency programs. Applications were randomly selected to investigate claims of AOA election, advanced degrees and publications. Errors were reported to applicants' deans …

Academic Performance Of Psychiatrists Compared To Other Specialists Before, During, And After Medical School., Frederick S. Sierles, Michael Vergare, Mohammadreza Hojat, Joseph S. Gonnella

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to compare psychiatrists with other physicians on measures of academic performance before, during, and after medical school.

METHOD: More than three decades of data for graduates of Jefferson Medical College (N=5,701) were analyzed. Those who pursued psychiatry were compared to physicians in seven other specialties on 18 performance measures. Analysis of covariance was used to control for gender effect.

RESULTS: Compared to other physicians, psychiatrists scored higher on measures of verbal ability and general information before medical school and on evaluations of knowledge and skills in behavioral sciences during medical school, but they scored lower …

The Jeffcare Preceptor Model For Asthma: A Primary Care Physician Tutorial Training Model, Jeffrey L. Lenow, Robert Bales, Stanton N. Smullens

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

The societal and economic impact of asthma is a well-documented phenomenon in this country. Despite improved knowledge and techniques of care, there have been signs of worsening morbidity/mortality and a seeming disconnect between physician and patients as regards communication of care strategies. In an attempt to fashion innovative educational strategies to enhance primary care physician (PCP) and caregiver efficiencies in improving patient outcomes (clinical and financial), the "Preceptor" model of one-to-one PCP/asthma specialist has been developed. Review of utilization and prescribing data demonstrates a clear pattern of statistically significant cost improvement in the aggregate care setting, as well as improved …

The Effect Of An Interdisciplinary Community Health Project On Student Attitudes Toward Community Health, People Who Are Indigent And Homeless, And Team Leadership Skill Development, Molly A. Rose, Kevin J. Lyons, Kathleen Swenson Miller, Diane Cornman-Levy

College of Nursing Faculty Papers & Presentations

This study examined whether students’ attitudes about community health practice, attitudes toward people who are indigent and homeless, and perceived leadership skills changed after participation in a planned interdisciplinary community health experience with an urban homeless or formerly homeless population. Data were collected from medicine, nursing, occupational therapy, physical therapy, and social work students who participated in the community health experiences and from students in these disciplines who did not participate in this curriculum. The interdisciplinary community health curriculum and practicum experiences, based on the Community Health Empowerment Model (CHEM), were designed and implemented by a coalition of community and …

An Emerging View Of Mastery, Excellence, And Leadership In Occupational Therapy Practice., Janice P Burke, Elizabeth Depoy

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

The recent focus on clinical reasoning in occupational therapy, specifically on how therapists solve complex problems, has stimulated interest in how master clinicians think in practice. By gaining insight into how clinicians think and what they think about when they identify and solve problems, we may be able to identify clinical reasoning patterns and processes that occupational therapy students and novice therapists need to experience in order to progress in their practice or to emerge as leaders in their field. Observation of the way in which clinical masters and leaders view challenges and solve problems as manifested in their clinical …

Ariel - Volume 5 Number 3, J.D. Kanofsky, Dery Mackie, Mike Sinason, Philip Nimoityn, A. James Morgan, Joe Conti, Clifford Browning, Mark Dembert

Ariel

Editor

J.D. Kanofsky

Entertainment Editors

Robert Breckenridge

Gary Kaskey

Overseas Editor

Mike Sinason

Staff

Ken Jaffe

Bob Sklaroff

Janet Weish

David Jacoby

Circulation Editor

Jay Amsterdam

Humorist

Jim McCann

On The Usefulness Of The Medical Profession, Beyond The Limits Of The Profession. A Lecture Introductory To The Course Of Practice Of Medicine In Jefferson Medical College Of Philadelphia, Delivered November 4, 1842., John K. Mitchell, Md

Jefferson Medical College Opening Addresses

No abstract provided.