Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Concept Of Environmental Injustice In Allergy And Asthma, Ekta Perera, Christopher Codispoti, Mahboobeh Mahdavinia

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose of review: This review examines how environmental injustice contributes to disparities in allergic diseases, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. It focuses on the role of social, geographic, and economic inequities in shaping disease prevalence, severity, and access to care among underrepresented racial and ethnic communities.

Recent findings: Recent studies emphasize the persistent exposure of low-income and racially marginalized populations to environmental hazards such as air pollution, substandard housing, and climate-related changes, factors that are linked to increased prevalence and severity of allergic diseases. While environmental policies have led to overall improvements in air quality, disparities in exposure …

Investigating The Oxygen Dependence Of Flash-Rt Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging, Trey Waldrop, Grace Murley, Brett Velasquez, Elise Konradsson, Denae Neill, Luke Connell, Alan Lopez Hernandez, Abagail Delahoussaye, F William Schuler, Jorge De La Cerda, Ziyi Li, Mark D Pagel, Emil Schüler

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: The FLASH effect occurs when radiation given at ultra-high dose rates spares healthy tissue while achieving isoeffective tumor control relative to conventional (CONV) dose rate irradiation. Limited data has implicated oxygen in the FLASH effect. This study investigated the effect of tissue oxygen tension (pO2) on gastrointestinal (GI) FLASH sparing in mice.

Methods: pO2 was quantified in vivo by electron paramagnetic resonance imaging (EPRI)- noninvasive oximetry through spin probe injection and magnetic resonance co-registration- and a phosphorescent quenching microsensor. B6(Cg)-Tyrc-2 J/J female mice were imaged while breathing 10%, 21%, and 95% oxygen. C57BL/6 mice of both sexes underwent microsensor …

Tbr2-Dependent Parallel Pathways Regulate The Development Of Distinct Iprgc Subtypes, Takae Kiyama, Ching-Kang Chen, Halit Y Altay, Yu-Jiun Chen, Leviette Sigala, Dan Su, Steven Eliason, Brad A Amendt, Chai-An Mao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGC) are the conduit between the retina and brain regions responsible for non-image-forming and image-forming vision. In mice, six ipRGC subtypes have been discovered based on morphological characteristics, functions, and molecular profiles. All ipRGCs arise from Tbr2-expressing RGCs during developmental stages and subsequently diverge and differentiate into the six mature, distinct subtypes in adult retinas. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms controlling the formation and maturation of the six ipRGC subtypes remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that two Tbr2-dependent transcription factors, Iroquois‑related homeobox 1 (Irx1) and T-box containing factor 20 (Tbx20), are key downstream …

Leveraging Large Language Models For Heuristic Usability Assessment Of Medical Software: Insights With The Radiation Planning Assistant, Laurence E Court, Jacobus Smit, Lourens Strauss, William Shaw, Andrea Marais, Christoph Trauernicht, Nanette Joubert, Elaine Smith, Shona Badre, Graeme L Lazarus, Thekiso Khotle, Lauren Netherton, Wanda Van Heerden, Carlos Cardenas, Monica Serban, Jan Seuntjens, Christine V Chung, Pavel Govyadinov, Meena Khan, Saurabh Nair, Tucker Netherton, Lifei Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Usability engineering is essential for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of medical software, as design-related issues are a leading cause of use errors in clinical settings. Heuristic evaluation provides a practical approach to identifying usability problems, but its outcomes depend heavily on expert interpretation. Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, offer a potential means to augment heuristic evaluation by generating structured, context-aware usability feedback. This study explored the use of ChatGPT to support heuristic assessment of the Radiation Planning Assistant (RPA), a web-based radiotherapy planning tool designed to support clinical teams in low- and middle-income countries.

Methods: ChatGPT …

Neurological Recovery After Ich Is Mediated By The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Bilirubin Interplay Through Improved Erythrophagocytosis, Xiurong Zhao, Shun-Ming Ting, Guanghua Sun, Jaroslaw Aronowski

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Hematoma clearance after ICH is a pro-hemostatic process aiming at repair/recovery and is achieved through microglia/macrophages (MMΦ)-mediated erythrophagocytosis. Upon the engulfment of masses of erythrocytes and toxic hemolysis products, hemoglobin and heme, phagocytes convert them to bilirubin (BrB). Bilirubin is essentially not soluble in water and when overproduced, it precipitates within the cell causing injury. Thus, keeping bilirubin soluble and at a low intracellular level is needed for proper function of MMΦ. Here, using cultured microglia (MG), we found that intracellular formation of BrB in microglia during erythrophagocytosis coincides with the activation of transcription factor AhR, and AhR target genes …

The Pandemic Effect: Secondary Impact On The Diagnosis Of Clinically Significant Congenital Heart Disease And Role Of Deprivation Index, Cassandra Campbell, Kristin Wyckoff, Ronak Naik, Nithya Swaminathan, Salima Ahmed Bhimani, Jason Johnson, Vijaya Joshi, Ranjit Philip

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

We sought to determine the impact of the COVID-19 on prenatal diagnosis (PND) of clinically significant congenital heart disease (CHD) and the role of socioeconomic status (SES), complexity of diagnosis, and proximity to advance testing. This single-center retrospective study evaluated 2 eras of infants (COVID (born July 1, 2020–July 31, 2023) and pre-COVID (born June 1, 2017–July 1, 2020) who had cardiac surgery in the first year of life. 512 infants, 292 in pre-COVID era and 220 in COVID era with no significant difference in the rate of prenatal care (PNC) or PND in the COVID era (88%/42%) versus pre-COVID …

Venous Thromboembolism In Aggressive B-Cell Lymphoma Patients Treated With Cd19 Car-T Therapy: Single-Institution Study, Neha Venkatesh, Kevin Milligan, Julia Parrish, Yun Qing, Ryan Sun, Paolo Strati, Jeremy Ramdial, Amy Ayers, Sairah Ahmed, Cristhiam Rojas Hernandez

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Large B-cell lymphomas (LBCLs) are a common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphomas. CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has revolutionized LBCL treatment, with high remission rates but also significant toxicities, including cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). Venous thromboembolism (VTE) in CAR-T therapy patients is understudied.

Objective: This study aims to determine the incidence and characteristics of acute VTE in LBCL patients treated with CAR-T therapy and identify baseline clinical features associated with VTE. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 172 adult LBCL patients treated with CAR-T therapy from January 2018 to November 2019 at MD …

Antenatal Prediction Of Early Cord Clamping Among Infants Born Extremely Preterm, Anup C Katheria, Rebecca A Dorner, William A Grobman, Matthew A Rysavy, Jenny Koo, Myra H Wyckoff, Grecio Sandoval, Sara B Demauro, Abhik Das, Henry C Lee, Michael Cotten, Laura Calvo, Shampa Saha

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: To identify prenatal risk factors associated with early cord clamping (ECC) in infants born extremely preterm (22-28 weeks) and to use these factors to predict which infants have the highest risk of ECC.

Study design: Stepwise logistic regression and classification and regression tree analysis were performed to identify variables most associated with ECC and to build a parsimonious model to identify infants born preterm who are at the highest risk of ECC.

Results: There were 12 622 infants eligible for analysis (ECC, n = 8465 vs deferred cord clamping [DCC], n = 4157). In the classification and regression tree …

Development Of A Predictive Model For Cardiac Dysfunction In Mis-C Patients Utilizing Laboratory Biomarkers, Guliz Erdem, Brendan Galdo, Roshini S Abraham, Allayne Stephans, Simon Lee, Jun Yasuhara, Brent Merryman, Diego Cruz Vidal, Nathan M Money, Jennifer Colgan, Risa Bochner, Ron L Kaplan, Erin Aldag, Thomas Graf, Steve Rust

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background and objectives: Early identification of cardiac dysfunction in multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is crucial for effective management. Our primary objective was to predict left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) through a multicenter collaborative assessing admission laboratory data and echocardiogram findings.

Methods: Laboratory and clinical data were collected by retrospective chart review from a cohort of pediatric patients admitted and treated for MIS-C in our institutions. Laboratory data including absolute lymphocyte count, albumin, sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, d-dimer, fibrinogen, ferritin, interleukin-6 level, and lymphocyte subsets (T, B and NK quantitation, TBNK) were collected. We built a LASSO logistic …

Radiation Realities: Radiation Safety Practices And Awareness Among Interventional Echocardiographers In The United States, Priscilla Wessly, Enrique Garcia-Sayan, Nishath Quader, Stephen Little, Omar Khalique, Renuka Jain

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: With the rise of structural heart interventions (SHIs), interventional echocardiographers (IEs) face significant radiation exposure in catheterization laboratories. However, US-specific radiation safety practices remain understudied. This study aims to address radiation safety practices and concerns among US IEs, focusing on occupational risks and sex-specific challenges.

Methods: A 21-item online survey was conducted from March to June 2025, targeting US IEs through a multifaceted recruitment strategy. It assessed demographics, SHI frequency, radiation monitoring, shielding practices, and reproductive health concerns. Descriptive statistics summarized responses, with sex-specific analyses for female IEs.

Results: Of 69 respondents (64% [n = 44] men, 36% [n …

Berlin Cannulation With An Outflow Interposition Graft-A Versatile Technique, Richard C Tang, Junsang Cho, Yishay Orr, Jeffrey S Heinle, Hari P Tunuguntla, Sebastian C Tume, Jun Teruya, Iki Adachi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: The Berlin Heart EXCOR VAD is increasingly used to support more complex patients with heart failure. To accommodate variable arterial anatomy, a modified outflow with a long interposition graft connected to an "apical" cannula is an attractive alternative to the conventional, rigid "arterial" cannula.

Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective review of consecutive patients who underwent Berlin cannulation using this novel technique between September 2020 and May 2025.

Results: Fifty consecutive patients were identified. Median (range) age, weight, and body surface area at implantation were 0.7 (9 days-10.4) years, 7.8 (3.1-21.7) kg, and 0.4 (0.21-0.86) m2, respectively. Underlying etiologies …

Single-Cell Atlas Of The Transcriptome And Chromatin Accessibility In The Human Retina, Jin Li, Jun Wang, Ignacio L Ibarra, Xuesen Cheng, Malte D Luecken, Jiaxiong Lu, Aboozar Monavarfeshani, Wenjun Yan, Yiqiao Zheng, Zhen Zuo, Samantha Lynn Zayas Colborn, Berenice Sarahi Cortez, Leah A Owen, Brittney Wick, Xuan Bao, Jongsu Choi, Maximilian Haeussler, Nicholas M Tran, Karthik Shekhar, Joshua R Sanes, J Timothy Stout, Shiming Chen, Yumei Li, Margaret M Deangelis, Fabian J Theis, Rui Chen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Single-cell sequencing has revolutionized the scale and resolution of molecular profiling of tissues and organs. Here we present an integrated dual-modal reference atlas of the most accessible portion of the mammalian central nervous system, the retina. We compiled around 3.9 million cells from 125 donors of diverse ancestral backgrounds, including 8 published studies and 2.7 million unpublished data points, to create a comprehensive human retina cell atlas (HRCA) with more than 130 cell types identified. We annotated each cluster, identified marker genes and characterized cis-regulatory elements and gene regulatory networks. Our analysis uncovered differences in transcriptome, chromatin and gene regulatory …

Hyperglycemia, Receptor For Advanced Glycation End Products, And Small Airways Dysfunction In Asthma, Paula Sierra Salas, Dennis T Villareal, Vickram Tejwani, Amrit Koirala, Cristian Coarfa, Meredith C Mccormack, Nicola A Hanania, Tianshi David Wu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Diabetes and insulin resistance are associated with higher risk of asthma exacerbation and preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm), but the pathophysiology is unclear. These conditions may cause small airways dysfunction (SAD), which is an under-recognized cause of PRISm.

Objective: To determine whether insulin resistance and poor glucose control associate with SAD and to explore whether proteins prognostic of diabetes end-organ complications predict lung function abnormalities.

Methods: We recruited a prospective cohort of adults with physician-diagnosed asthma. Fasting insulin, glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and concentrations of 13 proteins prognostic of diabetes end-organ complications were measured. Static insulin resistance was calculated by …

Cressent: A Bioinformatics Toolkit To Explore And Improve Ssdna Virus Annotation, Ricardo R Pavan, Matthew B Sullivan, Michael J Tisza

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

ssDNA viruses are important components of diverse ecosystems; however, it remains challenging to systematically identify and classify them. This is partly due to their broad host range and resulting genomic diversity, structure and rapid evolutionary rates. In addition, distinguishing genuine ssDNA genomes from contaminating sequences in metagenomic datasets (e.g. from commercial kits) has been an unresolved issue for years. Here, we present CRESSENT (CRESS-DNA Extended aNnotation Toolkit), a comprehensive and modular bioinformatic pipeline focused on ssDNA virus 'genome-to-analysis' and annotation. The pipeline integrates multiple functionalities organized into several modules: sequence dereplication, decontamination, phylogenetic analysis, …

Distribution Of Nematophagous Fungi And Soil-Transmitted Helminths In Outdoor Built Environments Across Latin America, Rojelio Mejia, Eva Mereles Aranda, Leticia Ojeda, Sandra Ocampos Benedetti, Janitzio J Guzman, Barton Slatko, Cristina Almazan, Melisa Diaz-Fernandez, Ruben Cimino, Marisa Juarez, Natalia Montellano Duran, Estefania Lorena Mansilla Flores, Paola Andrea Vargas, Amandeep Kaur, Nestor L Uzcategui, Lucia Estela Mejia, Katherine Elizabeth Keegan, Emilio Rey Mejia, Chiara Cássia Oliveira Amorim, Stefan M Geiger, Ricardo T Fujiwara, Luz Marina Llangarí-Arizo, Andrea Lopez, Natalia Romero-Sandoval, Irene Guadalupe, Liliana E Villanueva-Lizama, Julio Vladimir Cruz-Chan, Maritza Dalí Camones Rivera, Eddyson Montalvo Sabino, Carlos Pineda, Eric J Wetzel, Philip J Cooper

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) are among the most common global parasitic infections, represent a significant worldwide public health burden, and remain a source of considerable morbidity in Latin America. Nematophagous fungi (NF), such as Arthrobotrys oligospora, naturally inhabit many soil types and are known for their ability to trap and kill nematodes using specialized hyphal structures or secreted enzymes and metabolites. As they prey on different developmental stages of helminths in soil, they may represent an ecological factor influencing helminth persistence and transmission dynamics.

Methods: Using an in vitro test, Toxocara cati eggs were exposed to A. oligospora. By using …

Multi-Trait And Multi-Ancestry Genetic Analysis Of Comorbid Lung Diseases And Traits Improves Genetic Discovery And Polygenic Risk Prediction, Yixuan He, Wenhan Lu, Yon Ho Jee, Mu-Yi Shih, Ying Wang, Kristin Tsuo, David C Qian, James A Diao, Hailiang Huang, Chirag J Patel, Jinyoung Byun, Bogdan Pasaniuc, Elizabeth G Atkinson, Christopher I Amos, Yen-Chen Anne Feng, Matthew Moll, Michael H Cho, Alicia R Martin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

While respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma share many risk factors, most studies investigate them in isolation and in predominantly European-ancestry populations. Here, we conducted the most powerful multi-trait and multi-ancestry genetic analysis of respiratory diseases and auxiliary traits to date, identifying 25 new loci associated with lung function in individuals of East Asian ancestry. Using these results, we developed PRSxtra (cross-trait and cross-ancestry), a multi-trait and multi-ancestry polygenic risk score (PRS) approach that leverages shared components of heritable risk via pleiotropic effects. PRSxtra significantly improved the prediction of asthma, COPD and lung cancer compared …

Validation Of The French Translation Of The Movement Disorder Society Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (Mds-Nms) In Parkinson's Disease, Clément Desjardins, Stéphan Grimaldi, Sheng Luo, Luowen Yu, Christopher G Goetz, Glenn T Stebbins, Pablo Martinez-Martin, Monica M Kurtis, Tiago A Mestre, Alvaro Sanchez-Ferro, Michelle H S Tosin, Roberta Balestrino, Chi-Ying R Lin, Carmen Gasca-Salas, Tatiana Witjas, Olivier Colin, David Maltete, Luc Defebvre, Caroline Giordana, Mahmoud Charif, Claire Thiriez, Chloé Laurencin, Mélissa Tir, Gwendoline Dupont, Philippe Remy, Christine Tranchant, Sophie Drapier, Alexandra Samier, Isabelle Benatru, Sara Sambin, Jean-Christophe Corvol, Fatma Khelifi, Margherita Fabbri, Olivier Rascol, Ns‐Part Cohort Study Group And The Mds Coa Translation Steering Committee

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Minifast: A Sensitive And Fast Miniaturized Microscope For In Vivo Neural Recording, Jill Juneau, Guillaume Duret, Joshua P Chu, Blake Madruga, Conor C Dorian, Alexander V Rodriguez, Savva Morozov, Daniel Aharoni, Jacob T Robinson, François St-Pierre, Peyman Golshani, Caleb Kemere

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Significance: Observing the activity of large populations of neurons in vivo is critical for understanding brain function and dysfunction. The use of fluorescent genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) in conjunction with miniaturized microscopes is an exciting emerging toolset for recording neural activity in unrestrained animals. Despite their potential, current miniaturized microscope designs are limited using image sensors with low frame rates, sensitivity, and resolution. Beyond GECIs, there are many neuroscience applications that would benefit from the use of other emerging neural indicators, such as fluorescent genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) that have faster temporal resolution to match neuron spiking, yet …

Deep Brain Stimulation Response Circuits In Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Andreas Horn, Ningfei Li, Garance M Meyer, Ron Gadot, Nicole R Provenza, Sameer A Sheth

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

In the field of deep brain stimulation (DBS), two major themes are currently making significant progress. First, the framework of connectomic DBS, in which circuits that are associated with improvements of specific symptoms are described and targeted to improve and potentially personalize treatment. Second, the concept of brain sensing and adaptive DBS, which aims at identifying neural biomarkers that may guide stimulation in a closed-loop fashion.

In DBS for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), substantial progress has been made on both ends, over the last five years. Together, results begin to draw a picture of exactly which circuit is …

Integrated Transcriptomic Landscape Of Medulloblastoma And Ependymoma Reveals Novel Tumor Subtype-Specific Biology, Sonali Arora, Nicholas Nuechterlein, Matt Jensen, Gregory Glatzer, Philipp Sievers, Srinidhi Varadharajan, Andrey Korshunov, Felix Sahm, Stephen C Mack, Michael D Taylor, Taranjit S Gujral, Eric C Holland

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Medulloblastoma and ependymoma are common pediatric central nervous system tumors with significant molecular and clinical heterogeneity. While molecular subgrouping has enabled classification into molecular subtypes, the extent of heterogeneity within these subgroups remains poorly defined.

Methods: We collected bulk RNA sequencing data from 888 medulloblastoma and 370 ependymoma tumors to establish a comprehensive reference landscape. After rigorous batch effect correction, normalization, and dimensionality reduction, we generated a unified landscape to explore gene expression, signaling pathways, RNA fusions, and copy number variations.

Results: Our transcriptional analysis revealed distinct clustering patterns, including two primary ependymoma compartments, EPN-E1 and EPN-E2, each with …

The Hidden Link Between Endometriosis And Obesity: A State-Of-The-Art Review, Shefali N Desai, Christina C Reed, Yamely Mendez, Qiannan Yang, Xiaoming Guan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Endometriosis remains an under-researched disease with a wide range of symptoms. Endometriosis reduces a woman's quality of life and professional productivity, yet its exact causes, risk factors, and treatment have yet to be elucidated. Body mass index and endometriosis have been observed to be inversely related; however, this relationship may only be a correlation rather than a causation. Obesity may play a role in the inflammation and cell proliferation associated with endometriosis through the complex signaling pathways of adipokines. A literature review was done on endometriosis and obesity to gain insight and synthesize knowledge about opportunities to improve endometriosis care, …

Trans-Broad-Ligament Abdominal Cerclage Versus Blind Needle-Piercing Abdominal Cerclage During Pregnancy: A Comparison Of Surgical Outcomes, Qiannan Yang, Daniel Y Lovell, Joseph Nassif, Lubna Chohan, Jugnu Biba Nijjar, Nurul Farhanah Binte Abdul Latif, Zhenkun Guan, Xiaoming Guan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Age-Independent Anti-Angiogenic Therapy For Choroidal Neovascularization By Targeting Secretogranin Iii, Chengchi Huang, Hong Tian, Wei Li

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Recent studies reported that anti-angiogenic drugs targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) alleviate choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in young but not aged animals. We recently developed a disease-targeted anti-angiogenic therapy against secretogranin III (Scg3), which selectively binds to diseased but not healthy vessels in young mice. Herein, using a unique in vivo ligand binding assay, we predicted and confirmed that Scg3 selectively binds CNV vessels in both young and aged mice. In contrast, VEGF with minimal increased binding to CNV vessels exhibited an age-dependent decline in binding to both CNV and healthy vessels with negligible binding in aged mice. Based on …

Multi-Institutional Modified Delphi For Genomics In Expert Consensus Survey Of Genomic Testing For Anterior Skull Base Malignancies, Anirudh Saraswathula, Shreya Sriram, Corinna Levine, Nyall R London, Shirley Y Su, Mathew Geltzeiler, Sanjeet V Rangarajan, Ian Witterick, Brian Thorp, Kathleen Kelly Gallagher, Kenneth Byrd, Ricardo Carrau, Waleed Abuzeid, Eric Wang, Carl Snyderman, Erin L Mckean

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objectives: The use of genomic testing for patients with anterior skull base malignancies has grown dramatically. There are no clear guidelines on indications for testing. As the literature on the subject is still in early stages, there is a need for expert consensus. We conducted a modified Delphi expert consensus process with high-volume North American cranial base surgical programs.

Design setting participants: A modified Delphi consensus approach was used, following the method laid out by the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, and included 13 high-volume care centers. An otolaryngologist was appointed at each location to serve as the …

Utilization Of Intensive Care Interventions In Critically Ill Patients With Candidemia Versus Bacteremia: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study, Mary North Jones, Masayuki Nigo, Stefano Casarin, James Kurian, Aarjav Sanghvi, Enshuo Hsu, Stephen L Jones, Ashton Connor, David B Corry, Cesar A Arias, Max W Adelman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objectives: Candida species are one of the most common causes of ICU-onset bloodstream infection (BSI). Yet, there is no robust guidance on when to initiate empiric antifungals for ICU patients suspected of BSI. We compared patients with ICU-onset candidemia vs. ICU-onset bacteremia to determine which patients may benefit from empiric antifungals.

Design: We compared characteristics between patients with bacteremia vs. candidemia at time of culture. We determined risk factors for death and constructed a multivariable regression to determine if candidemia is an independent risk factor for death.

Setting/patients: We included ICU patients from a hospital system in Houston, Texas (n …

The Changing Landscape Of Pediatric Cardiology Fellowship Applications: An Update On Objective Metrics And Current Evaluation Practices, William B Kyle, Tam T Doan, James C Wilkinson

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The application process for medical training fellowships has evolved significantly over the last decade. Important changes in access to quantitative data, the standardized application itself, and an unprecedented shift in the interview process have forced fellowship leaders to alter their evaluation process. This study aimed to assess each of those aspects of the pediatric cardiology fellowship application process. We review the application itself, focusing on the Experiences section of the Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS) evaluation and the Pediatric Cardiology Fellowship Evaluation Form, which accompanies each letter of recommendation (LOR). In addition to these novel analyses, we present peer-reviewed literature …

Bradycardia, Asystole, And Sudden Cardiac Death In Zc4h2 R198q-Associated Wieacker-Wolff Syndrome, Emily M Masterson, Alexandra M Menillo, Tam Dan Pham, Taylor A Beecroft-Dawson, Steven B Wolfe, Taylor S Howard, Christina Y Miyake

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Secondary Prophylaxis Of Variceal Hemorrhage In Biliary Atresia-Analysis Of Prospective Multicenter Studies, Lee M Bass, Kieran Hawthorne, John C Magee, Benjamin L Shneider, Childhood Liver Disease Research Network (Children)

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Utility And Utilization Of Transabdominal Ultrasound In Pediatric Patients With Acute Recurrent Or Chronic Pancreatitis, Nicholas Norris, David Troendle, Michael Wilschanski, Fuchenchu Wang, Gretchen A Cress, Maisam A Abu-El-Haija, Ankur Chugh, Reuven Zev Cohen, Elissa M Downs, Douglas S Fishman, Cheryl E Gariepy, Matthew J Giefer, Tanja Y Gonska, Amit S Grover, Sohail Z Husain, Douglas Lindblad, Quin Y Liu, Asim Maqbool, Jacob A Mark, Brian A Mcferron, Megha S Mehta, Veronique D Morinville, Kenneth Ng, Robert A Noel, Chee Y Ooi, Emily R Perito, Zachary M Sellers, Andrew T Trout, Yuhua Zheng, Ying Yuan, Mark E Lowe, Aliye Uc, Consortium For The Study Of Chronic Pancreatitis, Diabetes And Pancreatic Cancer

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objectives: Transabdominal ultrasound (TAUS) is frequently utilized in pediatric acute pancreatitis, but less is known about its use in acute recurrent (ARP) or chronic pancreatitis (CP). Our aim was to describe TAUS utilization and findings from the largest multicenter cohort of pediatric ARP and CP, the International Study Group of Pediatric Pancreatitis: In Search for a CuRE-2 (INSPPIRE-2).

Methods: Demographic and imaging data from physician questionnaires were obtained for patients with available TAUS data. Utilization and findings were compared between ARP and CP groups. Kappa statistics were used to compare agreement of TAUS to computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging/cholangiopancreatography …

13 C-Spirulina Gastric Emptying Breath Test Normative Values In Healthy Children: A Multicenter Study With Comparison To Symptomatic Children, Katja Karrento, Bruno P Chumpitazi, Liyun Zhang, Pippa Simpson, Robert J Shulman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction: Diagnosing pediatric gastroparesis presents a significant challenge due to lack of normative data in children. We aimed to determine normative values for gastric emptying using the nonradioactive 13 C-Spirulina gastric emptying breath test ( 13 C-GEBT) in a large cohort of healthy children (HC) and examine differences compared to children with gastroparesis-like symptoms (GLS).

Methods: A total of 301 HC ages 7-18 years completed the 13 C-GEBT with 10 different breath samples × 4 hours. 13 CO 2 excretion rate (kPCD) was determined by change in 13 CO 2 / 12 CO 2 . Outcome variables included: kPCD at …