Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Eye Infection Risks From Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Via Hand Soap And Eye Drops, Charles P Gerba

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Eye infections from bacterial contamination of bulk-refillable liquid soap dispensers and artificial tear eye drops continue to occur, resulting in adverse health outcomes that include impaired vision or eye enucleation. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), a common cause of eye infections, can grow in eye drop containers and refillable soap dispensers to high numbers. To assess the risk of eye infection, a quantitative microbial risk assessment for P. aeruginosa was conducted to predict the probability of an eye infection for two potential exposure scenarios: (i) individuals using bacteria-contaminated eye drops and (ii) contact lens wearers washing their hands with …

Inaccurate Diagnosis Of Diabetes Type In Youth: Prevalence, Characteristics, And Implications, Rebecca Schneider Aguirre, Maria J Redondo

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Classifying diabetes at diagnosis is crucial for disease management but increasingly difficult due to overlaps in characteristics between the commonly encountered diabetes types. We evaluated the prevalence and characteristics of youth with diabetes type that was unknown at diagnosis or was revised over time. We studied 2073 youth with new-onset diabetes (median age [IQR] = 11.4 [6.2] years; 50% male; 75% White, 21% Black, 4% other race; overall, 37% Hispanic) and compared youth with unknown versus known diabetes type, per pediatric endocrinologist diagnosis. In a longitudinal subcohort of patients with data for ≥ 3 years post-diabetes diagnosis (n = 1019), …

Linear And Nonlinear Behaviors Of The Photoreceptor Coupled Network

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Photoreceptors are electrically coupled to one another, and the spatiotemporal properties of electrical synapses in a two-dimensional retinal network are still not well studied, because of the limitation of the single electrode or pair recording techniques which do not allow simultaneously measuring responses of multiple photoreceptors at various locations in the retina. A multiple electrode recording system is needed. In this study, we investigate the network properties of the two-dimensional rod coupled array of the salamander retina (both sexes were used) by using the newly available multiple patch electrode system that allows simultaneous recordings from up to eight cells and …

Microbiome And Cancer Immunotherapies, Haoyan Chen, Laurence Zitvogel, Zhi Peng, Xiaochen Yin, Florencia Mcallister

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Here, we present 3 different perspectives on how the microbiome has impacted cancer patients, treatment, and clinical studies. We hear about the challenges of implementing microbiome analyses into the clinics, the impact these analyses might have on patients' care, and treatment in the future, specifically for gastric cancer treatment. These are a few of the many voices that are highlighting the role of the microbiome in cancer development, treatment, and clinical outcomes.

Brafv600e-Mutant Metastatic Nsclc: Disease Overview And Treatment Landscape, David Planchard, Rachel E Sanborn, Marcelo V Negrao, Aria Vaishnavi, Egbert F Smit

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In this review, we cover the current understanding of BRAF mutations and associated clinical characteristics in patients with metastatic NSCLC, approved and emerging treatment options, BRAF sequencing approaches, and unmet needs. The BRAFV600E mutation confers constitutive activity of the MAPK pathway, leading to enhanced growth, proliferation, and survival of tumor cells. Testing for BRAF mutations enables patients to be treated with therapies that directly target BRAFV600E and the MAPK pathway, but BRAF testing lags behind other oncogene testing in metastatic NSCLC. Additional therapies targeting BRAFV600E mutations provide options for patients with metastatic NSCLC. Emerging therapies and combinations under investigation could …

Self-Assembled Sting-Activating Coordination Nanoparticles For Cancer Immunotherapy And Vaccine Applications, Xiaoqi Sun, Xuehui Huang, Kyung Soo Park, Xingwu Zhou, Andrew A Kennedy, Carla D Pretto, Qi Wu, Ziye Wan, Yao Xu, Wang Gong, Jonathan Z Sexton, Andrew W Tai, Yu Leo Lei, James J Moon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The cGAS-STING pathway plays a crucial role in innate immune activation against cancer and infections, and STING agonists based on cyclic dinucleotides (CDN) have garnered attention for their potential use in cancer immunotherapy and vaccines. However, the limited drug-like properties of CDN necessitate an efficient delivery system to the immune system. To address these challenges, we developed an immunostimulatory delivery system for STING agonists. Here, we have examined aqueous coordination interactions between CDN and metal ions and report that CDN mixed with Zn2+ and Mn2+ formed distinctive crystal structures. Further pharmaceutical engineering led to the development of a functional coordination …

Jennifer A Wargo, Nadim J Ajami, And Carrie R Daniel-Macdougall, Jennifer A Wargo, Nadim J Ajami, Carrie R Daniel-Macdougall

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Dr. Jennifer A. Wargo, Dr. Nadim J. Ajami, and Dr. Carrie R. Daniel-MacDougall describe their academic and clinical work on the role of the microbiome to determine response to immunotherapies and discuss current challenges and potential needs to integrate their findings into clinical practice.

Emerging Variants Develop Total Escape From Potent Monoclonal Antibodies Induced By Ba4/5 Infection, Chang Liu, Raksha Das, Aiste Dijokaite-Guraliuc, Daming Zhou, Alexander J Mentzer, Piyada Supasa, Muneeswaran Selvaraj, Helen M E Duyvesteyn, Thomas G Ritter, Nigel Temperton, Paul Klenerman, Susanna J Dunachie, Neil G Paterson, Mark A Williams, David R Hall, Elizabeth E Fry, Juthathip Mongkolsapaya, Jingshan Ren, David I Stuart, Gavin R Screaton

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 is driven in part by a need to evade the antibody response in the face of high levels of immunity. Here, we isolate spike (S) binding monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from vaccinees who suffered vaccine break-through infections with Omicron sub lineages BA.4 or BA.5. Twenty eight potent antibodies are isolated and characterised functionally, and in some cases structurally. Since the emergence of BA.4/5, SARS-CoV-2 has continued to accrue mutations in the S protein, to understand this we characterize neutralization of a large panel of variants and demonstrate a steady attrition of neutralization by the panel of …

Syntaxin 3 Is Haplosufficient For Long-Term Photoreceptor Survival In The Mouse Retina, Tahira Jabeen, Muhammad Shahid Khan, Sana Javaid, Waqar Azeem, Rabia Ayoub, Martin Motola

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Here, synthesis and thorough characterization of β-NaFeO2 nanoparticles utilizing a co-precipitation technique is presented. XRD analysis confirmed a hexagonal-phase structure of β-NaFeO2. SEM revealed well-dispersed spherical nanoparticles with an average diameter of 45 nm. The FTIR spectrum analysis revealed weak adsorption bands at 1054 cm-1 suggested metal-metal bond stretching (Fe-Na). UV-Visible spectroscopy indicates a 4.4 eV optical band gap. Colloidal stability of β-NaFeO2 was evidenced via Zeta potential (-28.5 mV) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) measurements. BET analysis reveals a substantial 343.27 m2 g-1 surface area with mesoporous characteristics. Antioxidant analysis indicates efficacy comparable to standard antioxidants, while concentration-dependent antibacterial …

Fabrication Of Mos2/Rgo Hybrids As Electrocatalyst For Water Splitting Applications, Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, Tayyaba Noor, Erum Pervaiz, Naseem Iqbal, Neelam Zaman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Environmental degradation and energy constraint are important risks to long-term sustainability in the modern world. Water splitting is a vital approach for environmentally friendly and sustainable energy storage, providing a clean way to produce hydrogen without pollutants. Preparing a catalyst that is active, bifunctional, and durable for water splitting is a difficult task. We addressed the difficulty by creating a bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst, MoS2/rGO, with an ideal weight percentage of 5 wt% by a hydrothermal process. The optimized sample showed exceptional electrocatalytic activity, requiring an overpotential of 242 mV and 120 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA …

Revolutionizing Diabetic Foot Ulcer Care: The Senotherapeutic Approach, Guiqin Zhang, Priyadarshani Nadeeshika Samarawickrama, Li Gui, Yuan Ma, Mei Cao, Hong Zhu, Wei Li, Honglin Yang, Kecheng Li, Yang Yang, Enfang Zhu, Wen Li, Yonghan He

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a prevalent and profoundly debilitating complication that afflicts individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM). These ulcers are associated with substantial morbidity, recurrence rates, disability, and mortality, imposing substantial economic, psychological, and medical burdens. Timely detection and intervention can mitigate the morbidity and disparities linked to DFU. Nevertheless, current therapeutic approaches for DFU continue to grapple with multifaceted limitations. A growing body of evidence emphasizes the crucial role of cellular senescence in the pathogenesis of chronic wounds. Interventions that try to delay cellular senescence, eliminate senescent cells (SnCs), or suppress the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) have shown …

Successful Percutaneous Thoracic Duct Embolization For Chylothorax After Total Arch Replacement, Fumihiro Kitashima, Naohiro Shimada, Yojiro Machii, Masashi Tanaka

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Chylothorax after cardiac surgery is a rare complication associated with severe morbidity and mortality. This report documents successful treatment with percutaneous thoracic duct embolization for chylothorax after total arch replacement. A 69-year-old man underwent replacement of the aortic arch to treat a ruptured aortic aneurysm. After surgery, the left thoracic drain discharged 2,000 to 3,000 mL serosanguineous fluid per day, even though the patient took nothing orally and was administered subcutaneous octreotide therapy. On postoperative day 9, percutaneous thoracic duct embolization was performed, and the drain could be removed. The chylothorax did not recur, and the patient was discharged on …

Genetic Testing For Supravalvar Aortic Stenosis: What To Do When It Is Not Williams Syndrome, Benjamin Jacob, Taylor Beecroft, Emily Soludczyk, Beth A Kozel, Justin Weigand, Shaine A Morris

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: We aimed to describe the frequency and yield of genetic testing in supravalvar aortic stenosis (SVAS) following negative evaluation for Williams-Beuren syndrome (WS).

Methods and results: This retrospective cohort study included patients with SVAS at our institution who had a negative evaluation for WS from May 1991 to September 2021. SVAS was defined as (1) peak supravalvar velocity of ≥2 meters/second, (2) sinotubular junction or ascending aortic Z score < -2.0, or (3) sinotubular junction Z score < -1.5 with family history of SVAS. Patients with complex congenital heart disease, aortic valve disease as the primary condition, or only postoperative SVAS were excluded. Genetic testing and diagnoses were reported. Of 162 patients who were WS negative meeting inclusion criteria, 61 had genetic testing results available (38%). Chromosomal microarray had been performed in 44 of 61 and was nondiagnostic for non-WS causes of SVAS. Sequencing of 1 or more genes was performed in 47 of 61. Of these, 39 of 47 underwent ELN sequencing, 20 of 39 (51%) of whom had a diagnostic variant. Other diagnoses made by gene sequencing were Noonan syndrome (3 PTPN11, 1 RIT1), Alagille …

Us Population Qualifying For Aspirin Use For Primary Prevention Of Cardiovascular Disease, Anand Rohatgi, Erin D Michos, Salim S Virani, Parag Joshi, Eric D Peterson, Amit Khera

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: Aspirin has been used for primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) for decades, but this indication has become controversial with recent trial data. The 2022 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) provided a recommendation to consider aspirin use for primary prevention in adults 40-59 years with a 10-year ASCVD risk ≥10 % and not at increased risk of bleeding, yet population estimates for the impact of this recommendation are unknown. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence and demographics of the US population who meet eligibility criteria for aspirin under the new 2022 USPSTF guidelines. …

Multilocus Pathogenic Variants Contribute To Intrafamilial Clinical Heterogeneity: A Retrospective Study Of Sibling Pairs With Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Ugur Sezerman, Jennifer E Posey, James R Lupski, Zeynep Coban-Akdemir

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Multilocus pathogenic variants (MPVs) are genetic changes that affect multiple gene loci or regions of the genome, collectively leading to multiple molecular diagnoses. MPVs may also contribute to intrafamilial phenotypic variability between affected individuals within a nuclear family. In this study, we aim to gain further insights into the influence of MPVs on a disease manifestation in individual research subjects and explore the complexities of the human genome within a familial context.

METHODS: We conducted a systematic reanalysis of exome sequencing data and runs of homozygosity (ROH) regions of 47 sibling pairs previously diagnosed with various neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). …

The Study On Mechanical Model Considering Optimal Self-Adaption In The Bottleneck Area, Longcheng Yang, Huajun Wang, Jun Hu, Hongyu Pan, Juan Wei, Lei You, Hao Zhang, Junxi Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

It aims to solve the problem that the evacuation state of pedestrians depicted by the traditional social force model in a crowded multiexit scenario has a relatively large difference with the actual state, especially the 'optimal path' considered by the self-driving force is the problem of shortest path, and the multiexit evacuation mode depicted by the 'herd behavior' is the local optimum problem. Through in-depth analysis of actual evacuation data of pedestrians and causes of problem, a new crowd evacuation optimization model is established in order to effectively improve the simulation accuracy of crowd evacuation in a multi-exit environment. The …

A Dnp Project: Improving Clinical Alarm Management Through An Alarm Management Bundle: A Quality Improvement Project, Mary I. Alejo

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Project Abstract

The purpose is to increase nurses' perception toward clinical alarm management by implementing an alarm management bundle and educational skills in a Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit (CVICU). The project was implemented in a 31- bed CVICU at a teaching facility in the Texas Medical Center. The Plan-Do-Study-Act was the chosen quality improvement model for the DNP project. Paper-based surveys were used to assess baseline data on competency and confidence levels of alarm management on the Philips monitor with the Healthcare Technology Foundation (HTF) Survey and the Nurse Competence on Philips Physiologic Monitors Use Survey. Active rounds were conducted to ensure …

Safety Profile And Adverse Event Management For Futibatinib, An Irreversible Fgfr1-4 Inhibitor: Pooled Safety Analysis Of 469 Patients, Funda Meric-Bernstam, Antoine Hollebecque, Junji Furuse, Do-Youn Oh, John A Bridgewater, Masashi Shimura, Bailey Anderson, Nanae Hangai, Volker Wacheck, Lipika Goyal

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Futibatinib, a covalently-binding inhibitor of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR)1-4 gained approval for the treatment of refractory, advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) harboring an FGFR2 fusion/other rearrangement. An integrated analysis was performed to evaluate safety and provide guidance on the management of futibatinib-associated adverse events (AEs) in patients with unresectable/metastatic tumors, including iCCA.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data from three global phase I or II studies of futibatinib (NCT02052778; JapicCTI-142552) were pooled. AEs were graded per NCI CTCAE v4.03, where applicable. Safety was analyzed for patients receiving any futibatinib starting dose (overall population) and in those receiving the approved starting dose …

Sensitivity Analysis With Iterative Outlier Detection For Systematic Reviews And Meta-Analyses, Zhuo Meng, Jingshen Wang, Lifeng Lin, Chong Wu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Meta-analysis is a widely used tool for synthesizing results from multiple studies. The collected studies are deemed heterogeneous when they do not share a common underlying effect size; thus, the factors attributable to the heterogeneity need to be carefully considered. A critical problem in meta-analyses and systematic reviews is that outlying studies are frequently included, which can lead to invalid conclusions and affect the robustness of decision-making. Outliers may be caused by several factors such as study selection criteria, low study quality, small-study effects, and so on. Although outlier detection is well-studied in the statistical community, limited attention has been …

Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Immune Features Associated With Immunotherapy Benefit In Patients With Squamous Cell Lung Cancer From Phase Iii Lung-Map S1400i Trial, Edwin Roger Parra, Jiexin Zhang, Dzifa Yawa Duose, Edgar Gonzalez-Kozlova, Mary W Redman, Hong Chen, Ganiraju C Manyam, Gayatri Kumar, Jianhua Zhang, Xingzhi Song, Rossana Lazcano, Mario L Marques-Piubelli, Caddie Laberiano-Fernandez, Frank Rojas, Baili Zhang, Len Taing, Aashna Jhaveri, Jacob Geisberg, Jennifer Altreuter, Franziska Michor, James Provencher, Joyce Yu, Ethan Cerami, Radim Moravec, Kasthuri Kannan, Rajyalakshmi Luthra, Gheath Alatrash, Hsin-Hui Huang, Hui Xie, Manishkumar Patel, Kai Nie, Jocelyn Harris, Kimberly Argueta, James Lindsay, Roshni Biswas, Stephen Van Nostrand, Seunghee Kim-Schulze, Jhanelle E Gray, Roy S Herbst, Ignacio I Wistuba, Scott Gettinger, Karen Kelly, Lyudmila Bazhenova, Sacha Gnjatic, J Jack Lee, Jianjun Zhang, Cara Haymaker

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Identifying molecular and immune features to guide immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based regimens remains an unmet clinical need.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Tissue and longitudinal blood specimens from phase III trial S1400I in patients with metastatic squamous non-small cell carcinoma (SqNSCLC) treated with nivolumab monotherapy (nivo) or nivolumab plus ipilimumab (nivo+ipi) were subjected to multi-omics analyses including multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF), nCounter PanCancer Immune Profiling Panel, whole-exome sequencing, and Olink.

RESULTS: Higher immune scores from immune gene expression profiling or immune cell infiltration by mIF were associated with response to ICIs and improved survival, except regulatory T cells, which were associated with worse …

Identifying Covariate-Related Subnetworks For Whole-Brain Connectome Analysis, Shuo Chen, Yuan Zhang, Qiong Wu, Chuan Bi, Peter Kochunov, L Elliot Hong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Whole-brain connectome data characterize the connections among distributed neural populations as a set of edges in a large network, and neuroscience research aims to systematically investigate associations between brain connectome and clinical or experimental conditions as covariates. A covariate is often related to a number of edges connecting multiple brain areas in an organized structure. However, in practice, neither the covariate-related edges nor the structure is known. Therefore, the understanding of underlying neural mechanisms relies on statistical methods that are capable of simultaneously identifying covariate-related connections and recognizing their network topological structures. The task can be challenging because of false-positive …

Translation And Validation Of The Health Literacy Score-14 Questionnaire For Vietnamese Patients With Diabetes, Khoa Tuan Vo, Khue Thy Nguyen, Hirohide Yokokawa, Aya Goto, Toshio Naito

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Introduction:

Health literacy (HL) is a crucial indicator for health promotion and diabetes care improvement, but the available measurements are mostly in English. This study aimed to translate and validate the 14-item Health Literacy Scale (HLS-14) questionnaire from English to Vietnamese for patients with diabetes in Vietnam.

Methods:

We translated HLS-14 into Vietnamese in accordance with the World Health Organization guidelines and conducted a cross-sectional survey among 571 outpatients with type 2 diabetes using the HLS-14 Vietnamese version (HLS-14 VN). The reliability and validity of the tool were assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, composite reliability (CR), average variance extracted (AVE), and …

Vitamin A Status Modulates Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition In The Lung: The Role Of Furin, M Teresa Cabezuelo, Luis Torres, Elena Ortiz-Zapater, Gerardo López-Rodas, M Pilar Marín, Joaquín Timoneda, Juan R Viña, Rosa Zaragozá, Teresa Barber

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) induced TGF-β hyperactivation and reduced expression of cell adhesion proteins in the lung, suggesting that the disruption of retinoic acid (RA) signaling leads to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). To elucidate the role of lung vitamin A status in EMT, several EMT markers and the expression of the proprotein convertase furin, which activates TGF-β, were analyzed in two experimental models. Our in vivo model included control rats, VAD rats, and both control rats and VAD rats, treated with RA. For the in vitro studies, human bronchoalveolar epithelial cells treated with RA were used. Our data show that EMT …

Hammerhead-Type Fxr Agonists Induce An Enhancer Rna Fincor That Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis In Mice, Jinjing Chen, Ruoyu Wang, Feng Xiong, Hao Sun, Byron Kemper, Wenbo Li, Jongsook Kemper

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The nuclear receptor, farnesoid X receptor (FXR/NR1H4), is increasingly recognized as a promising drug target for metabolic diseases, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Protein-coding genes regulated by FXR are well known, but whether FXR also acts through regulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which vastly outnumber protein-coding genes, remains unknown. Utilizing RNA-seq and global run-on sequencing (GRO-seq) analyses in mouse liver, we found that FXR activation affects the expression of many RNA transcripts from chromatin regions bearing enhancer features. Among these we discovered a previously unannotated liver-enriched enhancer-derived lncRNA (eRNA), termed FXR-induced non-coding RNA (

Assessment Of Potentially Toxic And Mineral Elements In Paddy Soils And Their Uptake By Rice (Oryza Sativa L) With Associated Health Hazards In District Malakand, Pakistan, Asghar Khan, Muhammad Saleem Khan, Munib Ahmed Shafique, Qaisar Khan, Ghulam Saddiq

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Rice, a primary food source in many countries of the world accumulate potentially harmful elements which pose a significant health hazard to consumers. The current study aimed to evaluate potentially toxic and mineral elements in both paddy soils and rice grains associated with allied health risks in Malakand, Pakistan. Rice plants with intact root soil were randomly collected from paddy fields and analyzed for mineral and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) through inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP‒OES). Through deterministic and probabilistic risk assessment models, the daily intake of PTEs with allied health risks from consumption of rice were estimated …

Vhl Governs M6a Modification And Pik3r3 Mrna Stability In Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinomas, Hyemin Lee, Li Zhuang, Boyi Gan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

N6-Methyladenosine (m6A), a prevalent posttranscriptional modification, plays an important role in cancer progression. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is chiefly associated with the loss of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene, encoding a component of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. In this issue of the JCI, Zhang and colleagues unveiled a function of VHL beyond its canonical role as an E3 ubiquitin ligase in regulating hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs). It also governed m6A modification by orchestrating the assembly of m6A writer proteins METTL3 and METTL14, thereby stabilizing PIK3R3 mRNA. Mechanistically, PIK3R3 contributed to p85 ubiquitination, which restrained PI3K/AKT signaling and consequently …

Refractory Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria After Heterologous Covid-19 Booster Vaccination, Maria Suzanne Bloomquist, Abdul Hafeez Diwan, Soo Jung Kim

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) involves recurrent, pruritic wheals lasting more than 6 weeks in response to various etiologies, including unknown causality. Though most cutaneous reactions to the COVID-19 vaccine series are self-limited and of short duration, more complex presentations including chronic spontaneous urticaria have been described. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of chronic spontaneous urticaria following heterologous mRNA COVID-19 booster vaccination that includes vaccination with both forms of the mRNA vaccine. Our patient received Pfizer-BioNTech for the primary series and Moderna for the booster. After failing several therapies, our patient's urticaria was refractory even …

Icariin Accelerates Bone Regeneration By Inducing Osteogenesis-Angiogenesis Coupling In Rats With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Yi-Kai Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Icariin (ICA), a natural flavonoid compound monomer, has multiple pharmacological activities. However, its effect on bone defect in the context of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has not yet been examined.

AIM: to explore the role and potential mechanism of ICA on bone defect in the context of T1DM.

METHODS: The effects of ICA on osteogenesis and angiogenesis were evaluated by alkaline phosphatase staining, alizarin red S staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. Angiogenesis-related assays were conducted to investigate the relationship between osteogenesis and angiogenesis. A bone defect model was established in T1DM rats. The …

Effects Of Family Dignity Interventions Combined With Standard Palliative Care On Family Adaptability, Cohesion, And Anticipatory Grief In Adult Advanced Cancer Survivors And Their Family Caregivers: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Xuhan Sun

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Family involvement and comfort are equally important in palliative care. Dignity undertook a new meaning and novel challenges as a result of restrictions on visits and companionship during the pandemic. Family-centered family dignity interventions have been shown to be effective in increasing patients' sense of dignity, increasing levels of hope, and reducing psychological distress; however, the effectiveness in enhancing family adaptability and intimacy in the survivor-caregiver binary and reducing expected grief have been inconclusive.

OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of family dignity interventions on family adaptability and cohesion. The secondary objective was …

Proportion Of Cancer Cases And Deaths Attributable To Potentially Modifiable Risk Factors In Peru, Nadia Guerrero, Diego Venegas

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Limited evidence exists on the population attributable fraction (PAF) of cancer cases and deaths in Latin America. In Peru several studies have been published regarding the PAF of various risk factors and their associated diseases. The objective of this study was to estimate the fraction of cancer cases and deaths attributable to potentially modifiable risk factors in Peru in 2018, before the COVID-19 pandemic in the population of 15 years old and older.

METHODS: An ecological study was conducted using the prevalence of exposure of the Peruvian population to modifiable risk factors for cancer, the relative risk associated with …