Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Prevalence And Correlates Of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (Ptsd) Among The Military In A Low-Income Country, Shehu Usman Ibrahim, Mukadas Oyeniran Akindele, Ushotanefe Useh

Journal of Health Research

Background: This study investigated the prevalence and correlates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and its risks among the military in a low-income country.

Method: All participants answered self-administered questionnaires that measured PTSD, combat exposure, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), perceived social support, and depression in addition to a socio-demographic form in this cross-sectional study. Chi-square test of independence and Fisher exact test were employed to compute PTSD prevalence and its difference among the services. Correlation and binary logistic regression were used to explore relationships and the impact of the predictor variables on PTSD.

Results: PTSD prevalence among participants on routine military duties …

Serological Diagnostic For Bovine Paratuberculosis In The Municipality Of Sotaquirá, Colombia, Alejandra Buitrago-López, Alejandra Buitrago-López, Alejandra Buitrago-López, Diana M. Bulla-Castañeda, Adriana M. Díaz-Anaya, Diego J. Garcia-Corredor, Julio Tobón Torreglosa, Diego Ortiz Ortega, Martín O. Pulido-Medellín

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Bovine Paratuberculosis (BPT) or Johne’s disease is a pathology caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). The parasite causes chronic granulomatous enteritis in domestic and wild grazers. Oral-fecal transmission is the most common form of transmission with calves less than six months old being the most susceptible but not presenting clinical symptoms until five years later. It is a disease that spreads during dairy production generating economic loss due to low productive yield and the early discarding of infected animals. The objective of our study was to perform a serological diagnostic of BPT in herds from the municipality of Sotaquirá, …

Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Anxiety And Depression In Liver Cirrhosis At Outpatient Clinic, Naphat Sirinimnualkul, Piyawat Komolmit, Teerayuth Rungnirundorn

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Liver cirrhosis is one of the chronic medical conditions which frequently leads to psychiatric comorbidities including depression and anxiety disorder. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of anxiety and depression in patients with liver cirrhosis in outpatient clinic. Methods: Patients with liver cirrhosis aged from 18 years and above, excluded active liver malignancy, were recruited from liver clinic at outpatient of department of medicine. Anxiety and depression were identified using Thai Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (THAI-HADS). Descriptive statistic was applied to estimate prevalence of anxiety and depression and factors associated …

Potential Risk Factors For Brachyspira Hyodysenteriae, Lawsonia Intracellularis And Salmonella Spp. Infection And Their Prevalence In Commercial Swine Farms In Thailand, Morakot Nuntapaitoon, Sawang Katedangsakulwut, Rachod Tantilertcharoen, Napawan Bunpapong, Nanthiya Iampraphat, Suphadtra Therarachatamongkol, Jeremy Gatine

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aims of the present study were to evaluate the prevalence for Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, Lawsonia intracellularis and Salmonella spp. in pig feces and to identify their risk factors in 20 commercial swine farms in Thailand. The cross-sectional study was carried out from 20 farrow-to-finishing commercial swine farms in part of Thailand including the north (n=5), northeast (n=4), east (n=5), west (n=4) and south (n=1). A total of 589 fecal samples were randomly collected from 12 (n=200), 16 (n=196) and 20 (n=193) aged a week-old in each farm. All samples were analyzed for the detection of B. hyodysenteriae, L. intracellularis and …

Impact And Trend Of Factors Affecting The Prevalence Of Head Lice (Pediculus Capitis) Infestation In Primary School Students, Amirhossein Zahirnia, Mohammad Ali Aminpoor, Hassan Nasirian

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: Among arthropod-associated diseases or arthropods-pests of medical importance, Pediculus capitis is mentioned as one of the most common human obligate ectoparasites. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the impact and trend of factors affecting the prevalence of P. capitis infestation among primary school students in Gilan-e Gharb County. Methods: Epidemiological information of students was completed using a questionnaire. To detect head lice or nits, the hair on scalp, the back of neck and around the student’s ears was carefully examined by experienced individuals (males and females according to the gender of the students). In order to …

Prevalence, Risk Factors And Antimicrobial Resistance Of Salmonella Infection In Turtles In Khon Kaen Province, Patchanee Sringam, Peerapol Sukon, Sarawut Sringam, Sunpetch Angkititrakul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Considering the impact of Salmonella in turtles and the role of turtles as a source of Salmonella outbreaks in humans, knowledge of Salmonella status in turtles is important. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, risk factors and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella infections in turtles. Cloacal swabs were collected from 378 turtles in Turtle Villages located in Khon Kaen province of northeastern Thailand between January 2018 and April 2019. All samples were examined for Salmonella spp. isolation and identification by ISO 6597:2002. The overall prevalence of Salmonella in the turtles was 37.57% (142/378). Habitat, season and sex were …

Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Haemotropic Mycoplasma Ovis Infection In Selected Smallholder Sheep And Goat Flocks In Malaysia, Bura Thlama Paul, Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse, Eric Lim Teik Chung, Azlan Che-Amat, Mohd Lila Mohd-Azmi

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Outbreaks of haemotropic Mycoplasma ovis cause haemolytic anaemia with decreased production outcomes and mortality in sheep and goats worldwide but there is a lack of published data on the epidemiology of M. ovis in Malaysia's small ruminant flocks. This preliminary study investigates the prevalence and risk factors of Mycoplasma ovis infection in selected smallholder farms in Negeri Sembilan state. A total of 341 blood samples was randomly collected from 5 farms between January and December 2019. The farmers also completed a structured questionnaire to provide farm management data and environmental information. Giemsa stained blood smears were examined microscopically to detect …

Biosecurity Practices In Commercial And House Hold Poultry Farms In The Delta Region, Egypt: I-Correlation Between Level Of Biosecurity And Prevalence Ofpoultry Mites, Fatma Abouelenien, Maha Eleisway, Ismail Elshahawy, Samy Almidany, Nagham Elsaidy

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The risk of parasitic disease outbreaks among commercial poultry farms can result in significant economic loss for the farmer and the integration. These diseases can be reduced by the proper application of biosecurity measures. This study primarily aimed at assessing the current biosecurity practices applied in different kinds of poultry farm (broiler, layer, duck and mixed farms) inKafrelshiekh Governorate (Delta region), Egypt.Correlating the compliance of the studied biosecurity measures with the prevalence of poultry mites in the surveyed farms was the second aim. For achieving these aims, on-farm questionnaire surveys and observational studies were conducted from January 2017 to August …

Molecular Detection Of Trypanosoma Evansi In Camels (Camelus Dromedarius) In Southwestern Saudi Arabia, Alarabi Mohamed Elsiddig Mohamed, Yasser Osman Mohamed, Elshafie Ibrahim Elshafie, Yasser Jabir Ali Alharbi, Hesham Mohamed Al-Mekhlafi

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of Trypanosoma evansi infection and its associated risk factors in camels in the Jazan region, southwestern Saudi Arabia. A total of 679 blood samples were collected from three local breeds of camel – Awadia, Awarkia and Sawahelle – in 11 randomly selected governorates of Jazan region. Blood samples were screened by Giemsa-stained blood film (GSBF) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. The overall prevalence of T. evansi was 30.9% (210/679, CI: 27.6–34.5%) by PCR, whereas a prevalence of 22.2% (151/679, CI: 19.3–25.5%) was revealed by GSBF. The highest prevalence was identified in …

Prevalence And Risk Factors For Canine Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome In Thailand, Chutamas Benjanirut, Chanakarn Wongsangchan, Piyathip Setthawong, Wittanee Pradidtan, Suphanuch Daechawattanakul, Kris Angkanaporn

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS) is a disease similar to Alzheimer’s in humans. This progressive neurodegenerative disease affects senior dogs, causes many behavioral changes and decreases welfare in both the dog and owner. Even with its high impact, many studies have shown CDS is underdiagnosed. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of CDS in Thailand and to identify its risk factors. In this study, 622 senior dogs (seven years old and older) were randomly recruited. After an initial interview, 389 dogs were excluded from the study due to clinical and/or sensory impairment. Owners of the remaining …

Prevalence Of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus & Feline Leukemia Virus In Clinically Healthy Cats In Khon Kaen Province, Kawintra Aiyaranoi, Nichapart Boonchalaew, Natcha Chawnan, Sukdiphat Chotiku, Jaruwan Kampa

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

FIV and FeLV infections are mostly studied among clinically sick cats; therefore, results may deviate from the true prevalence in a whole population. By using a commercially available kit, the infections were observed in 216 clinically health client-owned cats in Khon Kaen province, Thailand. A cross-sectioned study was undertaken to estimate the presence of FIV and FeLV infections in the cats which underwent health checkup from October 2016 to January 2017. The prevalence of FIV-antibody positive and FeLV-antigenic cats were 6.1% and 3.1%, respectively, and co-infection was not identified. The updated information provides necessary guidelines for veterinarians to provide preventive …

Seroprevalence And Molecular Detection Of Lawsonia Intracellularis From Asymptomatic Horses In Korea, Yeonsu Oh, Md Mukter Hossain, Ho-Seong Cho

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The study was performed to investigate the prevalence pattern of Lawsonia intracellularis in horses in Korea via serology and molecular detection. Total of 138 horse sera and 112 fecal samples, in pairs with sera, were collected from five provinces across the country. The sera were analyzed using blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (bELISA) to detect L. intracellularis-specific antibodies and the fecal samples were evaluated by the real-time PCR assay to detect DNA of L. intracellularis. Results showed that 94% of the horses had antibodies and the younger the age, the higher the seropositivity; “<2 years” (92%), “2-5 years” (96%), “6-10 years” (94%), and “>10 years” (93%). DNA of L. intracellularis …

Prevalence And Characteristics Of Congenital Hand And Foot Anomalies Requiring Surgery In Remote Areas Of Thailand, Pobe Luangjarmekorn, Pravit Kitidumrongsook, Sittisak Honsawek, Usa Boonplian, Pichit Siriwan

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : To identify patients in remote regions of Thailand who suffer from congenital anomalies, including cleft lip, cleft palate, and various types of congenital anomalies, in November 1998, the Relief and Community Health Bureau, Thai Red Cross Society, under the HRH Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn initiated the “cosmetic surgery project for cleft lips and cleft palates and other deformities” to solve this problem. The surgery mission had been a successful charity project for the last 18 years. Most of the patients are cleft lip and cleft palate patients along with all anomalies of hand and foot.Objective : The purpose …

Prevalence Of Bartonella Infection In Well-Cared Cats In Bangkok Metropolitan, Pakkawan Satranarakun, Soichi Maruyama, Hidori Kabeya, Shigo Sato, Sathaporn Jitapalapong, Saowalak Jitchum, Tawisa Jiyipong, Channarong Rodkhum, Rosama Pusoonthornthum

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of bartonellosis in two hundred well-cared client-owned cats that have close relationship with their owners in Bangkok metropolitan area from November 2010 to November 2011. These cats had no clinical signs at the time of presentation and no visual flea infestation. Blood collection was performed and cultured in 5% rabbit blood agar. Species of Bartonella spp. was identified with Polymerase Chain Reaction and gene sequencing. Results demonstrated that eleven out of the two hundred cats were positive for bartonellosis. Moreover, the prevalence was 5.5% (11/200), with Bartonella henselae 91% (10/11) and Bartonella …

Bovine And Ovine Schistosomiasis: Prevalence And Associated Host Factors In Selected Sites Of South Achefer District, Northwest Ethiopia, Yirsaw Kerie, Zewdu Seyoum

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Schistosomiasis is a snail-borne trematode infection in man and animals in tropical and subtropical countries. It is an economically important disease caused by several Schistosoma species and results in economic losses through mortality and morbidity from severe infection and from long-term effect of moderate- and long-standing chronic infection. This study was conducted from November 2013 to April 2014 to determine the prevalence and potential host-related risk factors of bovine and ovine schistosomiasis in selected sites of South Achefer district, northwest Ethiopia. About 532 faecal samples were collected from randomly selected cattle and sheep from three purposively selected peasant associations. The …

Prevalence Of Clostridium Perfringens Β2-Toxin In Sheep And Goat Population In Punjab, Pakistan, Mudassar Mohiuddin, Zahid Iqbal, Sajjad Ur Rahman

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Clostridium perfringens presents persistent threat to small animals in causing moderate to severe enterotoxemia. The pathogenicity of C. perfringens depends on the production of four major toxins. In addition to the major toxins, beta2 (β2) toxin, a minor toxin, is also produced by some strains of C. perfringens. In this study, a total of 107 fecal samples collected from healthy and diseased sheep and goats were cultured and processed for biochemical analysis. On the basis of biochemical characterization, 61 isolates were confirmed as C. perfringens. In order to detect C. perfringens types, multiplex PCR assay was carried out for the …

Prevalence Of Subclinical Laminitis And Its Effects On Reproductive Performance In Lactating Cows In Thailand, Suvaluk Seesupa, Kwankate Kanistanon, Rittichai Pilachai, Suneerat Aiumlamai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence of subclinical laminitis and to evaluate its effects on reproductive performances in dairy cows in Thailand. Ninety-eight lactating cows from 22 smallholder dairy farms and 138 lactating cows from one large scale dairy farm were assessed for subclinical laminitis by evaluating lesions after hoof trimming. Hemorrhagic lesions of the sole and white line area were evaluated. Any appearance of sole hemorrhage or white line hemorrhage scoring 2 on one or more claws was defined as a case of subclinical laminitis. Reproductive data were recorded and analyzed using subclinical laminitis as …

Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Low Back Pain Among Motorcycle Taxi Drivers In Sriracha, Nahatai Jongprasitkul, Komwudh Konchalard, Kunakorn Sinthoppong

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder associated with muscle and the skeleton structure. It is also generally found in all age groups and professions. LBP also affects the financial loss in society and activity of daily living. Motorcycle taxi drivers (MTD) are mainly focused in the study because it is one of the most common careers which tends to grow rapidly in the future. There is no study in this topic before. Objective : To determine the prevalence and associated factors of low back pain among the motorcycle taxi drivers in Sriracha District, Chonburi, Thailand. Setting …

Study Of Morphological Characteristic And Prevalence Of Haemoproteus Blood Parasite In Passerines In Bung Boraphet, Phirom Prompiram, Smarn Kaewviyudth, Yaowalark Sukthana, Parntep Rattanakorn

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Haemoproteus is one of the world’s widespread avian blood parasite. However, it is rarely reported in Thailand; even at Bung Boraphet, which is an important wetland bird area located in the central part of Thailand, it still has never been reported. Therefore, information on species of haemoproteid and their epidemiology is important for the health of wildlife in Thailand. Samples of blood smear were collected from 633 passerines consisting of 6 orders, 15 families, 25 genera, and 35 species in total from Bung Boraphet. This is the first study to report 8 haemoproteid blood parasite species including Haemoproteus herdiadis, H. …

Prevalence And Distributions Of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus And Feline Leukemia Virus Infections In Bangkok And Its Vicinity, Thailand During 2013-2014, Teerawut Nedumpun, Patharapol Piamsomboon, Pattrarat Chanchaithong, Piyanan Taweethavonsawat, Sudchit Chungpivat, Sanipa Suradhat

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) are known as pathogens associated with chronic diseases in cat. This present study determined the prevalence of FIV and FeLV infections in Bangkok and its vicinity, including Nonthaburi and Pathumthani, during April 2013-March 2014 in owned cats. A total of 777 serum or plasma samples were submitted to a private veterinary laboratory in Bangkok. The prevalence of FIV infection, FeLV infection and co-infection was 5.4% (42/777), 16.5% (128/777) and 3.5% (27/777), respectively. The infections were detected all year round, with higher prevalence of FeLV infection. In addition, geographical analyses revealed that …

Prevalence Of Porcine Sapovirus In Suckling Piglets In Hunan Province, China, Sheng-Guo Tan, Na Liu, Ping-Yuan Xu

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Sapoviruses (SaVs) are emerging enteric pathogens that cause diarrhea in humans and animals. In the current study, genetic identification of sapovirus (SaV) in suckling piglets was investigated in Hunan province, China between May 2013 and May 2014. Diarrheic fecal (n=300) samples collected from suckling piglets in Hunan province, China were evaluated using RT-PCR and then sequenced. Overall, 45 of the 300 (15%) samples were found to contain porcine SaV. In addition, phylogenetic analysis showed that all the porcine SaV isolates belonged to the porcine SaV genogroup III (GIII). The results of the present investigation have implications for the control of …

Longitudinal Study Of Salmonella And Campylobacter Species From Two Laying Duckling Flocks In The Central Region Of Thailand, Chalermkiat Saengthongpinit, Dhanapol Nane-Siri, Pornpim Aparachita, Prapassorn Apiwannarat, Pricha Buakhao, Watcharit Bowornnantiwath, Naris Thengchaisri, Thaweesak Songserm

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A longitudinal study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. and Salmonella spp. in two laying duckling flocks from the same parent stock. In total, 477 samples: breeding ducks (n=100), 1-day-old female ducklings (n=160), 30-day-old female ducklings (n=178), and environmental (n=39) samples isolated from incubator, soil, water, and feed, were investigated. Results revealed that an overall isolation of Campylobacter spp. was 27.0% (129/477). From the total of 129 positive samples, 56.6% was C. jejuni and 43.4% was C. coli. An overall isolation of Salmonella spp. was 31.0% (148/477). Eight serotypes of Salmonella enterica were identified: S. Amsterdam, …

Prevalence And Histopathology Of Trichogaster Pectoralis Harbouring Metacercaria Of Clinostomum Piscidium (Southwell And Prashad, 1918) In Central Thailand, Tawewan Tansatit, Prasert Sobhon, Somphong Sahaphong, Panpanga Sangsuriya, Suriyo Klinsrithong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to identify the digenea in abdominal cavity of Trichogaster pectoralis from two fish farms in Ban Paew District, Samutsakorn Province, Central Thailand, and to investigate the prevalence, intensity and pathological alterations caused by fluke in the host fish. Two hundred and seventy three 8 to 10- month-old T. pectoralis were obtained from two farms (60 females and 75 males from the first and 63 females and 75 males from the second). Their total length and body weight were measured. Metacercariae of Clinostomum piscidium were identified in the body cavity of T. pectoralis. The parasites …

Prevalence Of Anxiety And Associated Factors In Grade Five Students In Bangkok, K Masaard, A. Watcharasintu

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : A lot of studies on depression in children and adolescents have been done. But anxiety in children is however an issue that has been so little studied. Objective : To study the prevalence of anxiety and associated factors among grade five students in Bangkok. Design : A cross – sectional descriptive study. Setting : Bangkok Metropolis Materials and Methods : Data were collected from 170 students in 37 primary schools in Bangkok by multistage random sampling. The instruments were: 1) General background: 2) Thai State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for children-Revised (STAIC-R). Univariate analyses (e.g. Chi-square and t-Test) were used …

Molecular Study Of The Prevalence Of Leptospira Spp. Serovar Hardjo In Blood Samples Of Iranian Cattle And Sheep, Faham Khamesipour, Abbas Doosti, Esmaeil Omrani

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Leptospira is an emerging global public health problem which involves both animals and human. The aim of this study was to appraise the presence of Leptospira DNA in blood samples from cattle and sheep via Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method in Chaharmahal VaBakhtiari and Isfahan provinces of Iran. One hundred and ninety five samples (92 blood samples of cattle and 103 blood samples of sheep) were collected randomly from clinical healthy animals. DNA was extracted from the blood samples and stored at -20°C before examination. PCR reaction was performed for detection of Leptospira DNA using specific primers for 16s rRNA …

Prevalence Of Gastrointestinal Parasites In Yellow Cattle Between Taiwan And Its Offshore Islands, Kwong-Chung Tung, Chiu-Chen Huang, Chien-Hung Pan, Cheng-Hsiung Yang, Cheng-Hung Lai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A total of 310 fecal samples of yellow cattle were collected in Taiwan and its offshore islands Penghu andKinmen for gastrointestinal parasite examination using coprological techniques. The overall prevalence was 73.2%.The infection rates of protozoa, nematodes, trematodes, and cestodes were 57.7%, 37.7%, 17.1%, and 0.6%,respectively. Among all parasites, Cryptosporidium spp. (41.6%) were the most predominant, followed by strongyles(36.1%) and Eimeria spp. (11.9%). There were significant differences in the prevalence of protozoa and nematodesbetween different distributional area groups. The present study demonstrates that gastrointestinal parasiticinfections, particularly protozoan infections, occur frequently in yellow cattle in Taiwan and its offshore islands. Theresults indicate …

Prevalence Of Listeria Monocytogenes In Chicken Production Chain In Thailand, Sasitorn Kanarat, Wongkwan Jitnupong, Jananya Sukhapesna

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study was conducted from 2004 to 2009 to investigate the prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in thechicken production chain in Thailand from primary production stages to processing plants. A total of 14,670 sampleswere taken from 43 breeder farms, 32 hatcheries, 1331 broiler farms, 22 slaughterhouses and 22 ready-to-eat (RTE)chicken products from processing plants. Various types of samples were collected: soiled litter, water, and chickenfeed from breeder and broiler farms; swabs and mecomium from hatcheries; cloacal swabs and fresh frozen chickenmeat from slaughterhouses; and RTE chicken products from processing plants. This study showed that there was noL. monocytogenes contamination in the …

Prevalence And Mortality Rate Of Severe Cutaneous Adverse Reactions At Siriraj Hospital, S Limkobpaiboon, D. Panomvanna Na Ayudhya, N Dhana, K. Jongjarearnprasert

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Introduction : Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) and drug hypersensitivity syndrome (HSS) are severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCAR) that is mostly related to drugs. Although incidence is rare, it has significant impact on patient's well being because of its high mortality rates. Objective : To investigate the causative drugs, prevalence and mortality rates related to SCAR, which were from drug exposure during 2003 - 2007. Setting : Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok. Research design : A retrospective study Patients : Patients who were diagnosed to be SJS, TEN and HSS were included. Method : Five years retrospective data, 2003 - …

Prevalence And Distribution Of Hpv Type In King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, M. Lertworapreecha, L. Thammachotruja, P. Bhattarakosol

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Prevalence Of Viral Infections In Clinical Specimensat Virology Laboratory Unit Duringthe Year 1998 To 2004, R. Thammaborvorn, V. Mungmee, L. Thammachoteruja, E. Kowitdamrong, P. Bhattarakosol

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

No abstract provided.