Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (36)
- Medical Specialties (23)
- Nursing (16)
- Obstetrics and Gynecology (14)
- Pediatrics (10)
-
- Mental and Social Health (8)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (8)
- Education (6)
- Psychiatry and Psychology (5)
- Arts and Humanities (4)
- Diseases (4)
- Higher Education (4)
- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment (3)
- Cardiology (3)
- Chemicals and Drugs (3)
- Communication (3)
- Organizational Communication (3)
- Public Relations and Advertising (3)
- Sports Sciences (3)
- Sports Studies (3)
- Bioethics and Medical Ethics (2)
- Endocrine System Diseases (2)
- Higher Education and Teaching (2)
- Medical Sciences (2)
- Music (2)
- Practical Theology (2)
- Psychology (2)
- Public Health (2)
- Religion (2)
- Keyword
-
- Pharmacy (13)
- Cedarville (10)
- Nursing (4)
- Pediatrics (4)
- White Coat Ceremony (4)
-
- Asthma (3)
- Athletics (3)
- Cedarville University (3)
- Integration of faith and learning (3)
- Track & field (3)
- Careers (2)
- Childbirth (2)
- Dementia (2)
- Estrogens (2)
- Immunohistochemistry (2)
- Medication disposal (2)
- Medication storage (2)
- Music therapy (2)
- Neonates (2)
- Patient care (2)
- Pharmacists (2)
- Postpartum depression (2)
- Proteins (2)
- Research (2)
- Stress (2)
- Umbilical cord (2)
- 2011 (1)
- Addiction (1)
- Adolescent (1)
- Amino acid sequence (1)
- Publication
-
- Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session (46)
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications (8)
- 2012 White Coat Ceremony Documents (4)
- Men's and Women's Track & Field Programs (3)
- News Releases (3)
-
- Pharmacy Practice Faculty Presentations (3)
- Pharmacy Practice Faculty Publications (3)
- CedarEthics Online (2)
- Faculty Integration Papers (2)
- Pharmacy Faculty Publications (2)
- Psychology Faculty Publications (2)
- Allied Health Faculty Presentations (1)
- Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications (1)
- Jeb Ballentine, Pharm.D., R.Ph. (1)
- Pharmacy Faculty Presentations (1)
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 30 of 82
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Students Attend Prestigious Professional Leadership Conference, Nathan Pilling
Students Attend Prestigious Professional Leadership Conference, Nathan Pilling
News Releases
Three students from Cedarville University’s inaugural Doctor of Pharmacy class recently participated in a distinguished, statewide leadership training conference. Jenna Lawhead, from Saint Petersburg, Fla., Jayson Brewin, from Shamong, N.J., and Allison Henry, from Roseville, Minn., were invited to attend the Ohio Pharmacists Association’s (OPA) Young Pharmacy Leadership Conference held on Sep. 29, 2012 in Columbus, OH.
Nursing Student Receives Tylenol Future Care Scholarship, Bethany Brock
Nursing Student Receives Tylenol Future Care Scholarship, Bethany Brock
News Releases
Ashley Short, a junior nursing student minoring in cross-cultural nursing, is one of 40 recipients of the Tylenol Future Care Scholarship out of over 25,000 students who applied.
Pharmacy Professor Collaborates In Valuable Drug Research, Nathan Pilling
Pharmacy Professor Collaborates In Valuable Drug Research, Nathan Pilling
News Releases
Natural products make up a sizable portion of the drugs Americans use every day. What makes these products effective? Are there other plants we haven’t discovered yet that could help us control diseases such as cancer and malaria? These are the questions Denise Simpson, Ph.D., is focused on answering through her research.
Effects Of Early Ambulation In Prevention And Treatment Of Vte, Megan Bernstein, Sarah Dolce, Brittany Smith
Effects Of Early Ambulation In Prevention And Treatment Of Vte, Megan Bernstein, Sarah Dolce, Brittany Smith
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
There is a discrepancy in the methods of prevention and treatment of VTE (venous thromboembolism). VTE is a first event in approximately 100 out of 100,000 people. VTE is the synthesis of DVT (deep vein thrombosis), which can ultimately lead to pulmonary embolism, and occurs when a clot forms in the peripheral veins, possibly dislodging and journeying to the lungs. PE (pulmonary embolism) is a blockage in an artery of the lungs and causes permanent tissue damage. 1 in 5 individuals with PE die almost immediately and a further 40% die within three months. PE can develop 3-7 days after …
The Effectiveness Of Music Therapy In The Pediatric Population, Megan Brewer, Jaclyn Lewis
The Effectiveness Of Music Therapy In The Pediatric Population, Megan Brewer, Jaclyn Lewis
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
Music therapy (MT) is defined as, “the systematic use of music or musical elements-along with the resulting interpersonal relationship with a trained music therapist to achieve optimal health outcomes…” (The Effectiveness, 2010). Nurses are able to implement music therapy in care. Decreasing fear, anxiety, and ultimately pain will enhance the patient’s experience at the hospital and will lessen the burden of performing care on the patient, decrease stress on caregivers, and ease the provision of care on health professionals.
A Pharmacogenomic And Protein Analysis Of Human Lacrimal Fluid In Varying Age Groups, Jayson M. Brewin, Daniel C. James, Neil B. Klinger, Jenna G. Lawhead, Nathaniel J. Luce, Lindsay N. Florkey, Rocco J. Rotello
A Pharmacogenomic And Protein Analysis Of Human Lacrimal Fluid In Varying Age Groups, Jayson M. Brewin, Daniel C. James, Neil B. Klinger, Jenna G. Lawhead, Nathaniel J. Luce, Lindsay N. Florkey, Rocco J. Rotello
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
Proteins are large biological molecules located within all cells. They are considered the basic functional components of cells that allow them to operate appropriately. Genes consist of both DNA and RNA, and are the cellular components that code for the proteins. A biomarker is any cellular component that is an indication of a biological state. Therefore, genetic and protein biomarkers are specific genes and proteins, respectively, present in cells that indicate a specific biological state of a cell. Identification of proteins and genetic biomarkers in relative quantities has been found to reflect various disease states and age groups in humans. …
Adherence To Clean Intermittent Catheterization Treatment In Pediatric Patients: A Comprehensive Review Of Literature, Amanda Miller, Ashley Thompson
Adherence To Clean Intermittent Catheterization Treatment In Pediatric Patients: A Comprehensive Review Of Literature, Amanda Miller, Ashley Thompson
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
Clean Intermittent Catheterization (CIC) was first introduced by Lapides, et al, in 1972 and has revolutionized management of voiding dysfunction through decreasing urological complications. CIC is an invasive procedure where a clean catheter is introduced into the bladder in order to empty it. The procedure can be done by the patient or caregiver and is usually performed 4-5 times a day. The World Health Organization defines adherence as the extent to which a person’s behavior corresponds with agreed recommendations from a health care professional. Non-adherence to CIC causes many urological complications, including UTIs, epididymitis, and decreasing renal function. The purpose …
Patient Hand-Off, Amy Cuddington, Olivia Johnson
Patient Hand-Off, Amy Cuddington, Olivia Johnson
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
During a patient‘s stay in the hospital, many nurses will be involved in that patient’s care. It is vital that nurses communicate well during change-of-shift report to ensure quality and continuity of care. According to the Joint Commission Center for Transforming Healthcare, 80% of serious medical errors occur due to miscommunication between health care providers when patient responsibility is handed-off. The Hand-off Communications Project found that over 37% of handovers were defective and did not allow the receiver to safely care for the patient. Defective hand-off can lead to patient harm, delayed or improper treatment, and increased length of hospital …
Health Maintenance Regarding Carbohydrate Counting And Calorie Restricted Diets In Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients, Chelsea Stoltzfus, Katie Siegle, Lauren Trainer
Health Maintenance Regarding Carbohydrate Counting And Calorie Restricted Diets In Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients, Chelsea Stoltzfus, Katie Siegle, Lauren Trainer
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
Diabetes Mellitus is a rapidly growing epidemic in today’s society. In 2000, 2.8% (171 million) of the world had this diagnosis. In 2030, it is expected to increase to 4.4% (366 million). There is an increased need for research and implementation in the nursing field to manage diabetic symptoms. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is a cellular change causing insulin to be resistant to the cells which leads to a build up of glucose. Multiple medical complications can result from the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 2. The purpose of this study is to determine which diabetic diet is more effective …
Student Influences In Choosing Pharmacy, Veronica Asomani-Amoah, Kingsley Njangnso, Lauren Petry, Colin Sprague, Molly Turner, Douglas C. Anderson, Jeb Ballentine
Student Influences In Choosing Pharmacy, Veronica Asomani-Amoah, Kingsley Njangnso, Lauren Petry, Colin Sprague, Molly Turner, Douglas C. Anderson, Jeb Ballentine
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
To determine the race, cultural background, gender, and regional factors on students’ perceptions and influences in choosing pharmacy as a profession on a national scale.
Emergency Contraceptive (Ec) Use In Indigent Populations, Ashley Benjamin, Kasandra Chambers, Melissa Mcnicol, Amy Roy, Kurtis Schultz, April Yoakam, Miriam A. Ansong, Tracy R. Frame
Emergency Contraceptive (Ec) Use In Indigent Populations, Ashley Benjamin, Kasandra Chambers, Melissa Mcnicol, Amy Roy, Kurtis Schultz, April Yoakam, Miriam A. Ansong, Tracy R. Frame
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
The indigent population in America is defined as persons who do not have the financial means to support themselves and are below the federal/state poverty line. According to the 2010 United States Census, 13.8% of Americans are living below the poverty line. Indigent populations often rely on the help of others to provide for their basic needs, whether the help of family and friends or government support. Indigent women are disproportionately affected by unwanted, unplanned pregnancies. It is a continuous cycle that plagues families, often causing poverty and an increased dependence on the welfare system. In Medicaid-eligible populations, many women …
Therapeutic Phlebotomy Related To Polycythemia Vera And Hemochromatosis, Dylan Cimo, Nathan Miller, Emily Neal
Therapeutic Phlebotomy Related To Polycythemia Vera And Hemochromatosis, Dylan Cimo, Nathan Miller, Emily Neal
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
This study looks at therapeutic phlebotomy as first-line treatment of blood disorders, including polycythemia vera and hemochromatosis. Some professionals prefer alternative treatments to phlebotomy.
Instillation Of Normal Saline In Endotracheal Suctioning, Natalie Spears, Natlie Cook, Krystal Garcia
Instillation Of Normal Saline In Endotracheal Suctioning, Natalie Spears, Natlie Cook, Krystal Garcia
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
“Suctioning is one of the most common procedures in the ICU and high dependency wards; its aim is to remove respiratory tract secretions, thus maintaining airway patency and preventing complications of secretion retention” (Paratz, 2009 p. 1). An important and debated part of this care is whether the use of normal saline (at a delivery of 2cc-10cc) before suctioning of an endotracheal tube causes more harm than good. An intubated or mechanically ventilated patient may need to be “suctioned between three and twenty-four times a day” (Zahran, 2011, pg. 31) Due to the many physiological effects already endured by these …
Early Vs. Delayed Umbilical Cord Clamping, Jerilyn Cox, Kristen Givens, Katie Grayton
Early Vs. Delayed Umbilical Cord Clamping, Jerilyn Cox, Kristen Givens, Katie Grayton
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
Nearly 4 million infants are born annually in the United States. Events during birth can have life-long implications. Early cord clamping is associated with a decreased risk of jaundice, whereas delayed cord clamping is associated with a decreased risk of anemia. Parents deserve knowledge and autonomy concerning care of their infants.
Preventing Perineal Trauma During Labor, Kaela Johnson, Claire Vanderhart
Preventing Perineal Trauma During Labor, Kaela Johnson, Claire Vanderhart
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
Around 85% of mothers experience perineal trauma during labor. Effects include pain, discomfort, dyspareunia, increased risk of infection, urinary and fecal incontinence, and weakened pelvic floor muscles. The purpose of this study is to determine the best method of practice to prevent perineal trauma related to vaginal delivery of a fetus.
Efficacy Of Smartphone Technology On Improving Asthma Control And Compliance, Dustin Nelson, Lauren Macks, Gregory Paine, Forouzan Poursoltan, Tirhas Mekonnen, Melody L. Hartzler
Efficacy Of Smartphone Technology On Improving Asthma Control And Compliance, Dustin Nelson, Lauren Macks, Gregory Paine, Forouzan Poursoltan, Tirhas Mekonnen, Melody L. Hartzler
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
Asthma is the fifth most costly disease in the U.S., estimated to cost over $50 billion annually. This large cost is due to the large number of hospitalizations, ER visits, and doctor’s office visits. Improving patient adherence to asthma medications would decrease these costs significantly by preventing most hospital and doctor’s office visits. AsthmaSense® is a free to download smartphone application available on both iTunes and Android marketplaces. AsthmaSense® will allow patients to record when they take their medications, as well as send them reminders to take their medications.
Promoting Early Skin-To-Skin Contact And Its Effect On Breastfeeding, Jamie Atkins, Grace Frederick, Ellen Lintemuth
Promoting Early Skin-To-Skin Contact And Its Effect On Breastfeeding, Jamie Atkins, Grace Frederick, Ellen Lintemuth
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
This study explores the implementation of skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby immediately following birth and its effects on: successful breastfeeding initiation, duration of breastfeeding, and breastfeeding exclusivity.
Sleep Disturbances In Mental Health Care: A Review Of Literature On Nursing Interventions, Sarah Jungbauer, Kara Taylor
Sleep Disturbances In Mental Health Care: A Review Of Literature On Nursing Interventions, Sarah Jungbauer, Kara Taylor
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
Sleep is essential in the repair and renewal of cells and tissues. It allows the body to recover from the wear and tear of life’s daily activities, slows metabolism, decreases heart workload, relaxes body muscles, and preserves energy. Sleep deprivation caused by psychological disorder can cause anxiety, euphoria, irritability, and memory impairment. Insomnia is associated with depression, anxiety disorders, deficient work performance, drug abuse, and reduction in productivity. The purpose of this study is to determine what nursing interventions are available to improve the sleep quality of mental health care patients.
Evidence Based Adolescent Type 2 Diabetes Prevention, Susan Henley, Abby Jane Toburen, Lauren Howsden
Evidence Based Adolescent Type 2 Diabetes Prevention, Susan Henley, Abby Jane Toburen, Lauren Howsden
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) is a growing problem in the pediatric population. Contributing factors are poor nutrition, lack of education, and decrease in exercise. The purpose of this study is to determine the best interventions to prevent T2DM in children.
Effects Of Physical Stress And Maturational Changes On Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis Function Through Cortisol Analysis, Amy Granger, Allison Henry, Lauren Lilliencrantz, Amanda Smith, Paul Srnis, William Van Schepen, Elisha R. Injeti
Effects Of Physical Stress And Maturational Changes On Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal Axis Function Through Cortisol Analysis, Amy Granger, Allison Henry, Lauren Lilliencrantz, Amanda Smith, Paul Srnis, William Van Schepen, Elisha R. Injeti
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
Cortisol is a versatile hormone that possesses both catabolic and anabolic functions in the body, such as increasing the blood glucose levels through gluconeogenesis and metabolizing carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.1234 Cortisol levels are controlled by communication of the hyptothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axix (HPA axis). Plasma concentration of cortisol adheres to a diurnal rhythm, meaning that cortisol levels are highest in the morning and taper off throughout the day.
Health Literacy In Community Pharmacy, Sarah Anderson, Cassie Brownfield-Wilson, Kelly Madden, Lindsay Tarleton, Joe Zerka, Aleda M.H. Chen
Health Literacy In Community Pharmacy, Sarah Anderson, Cassie Brownfield-Wilson, Kelly Madden, Lindsay Tarleton, Joe Zerka, Aleda M.H. Chen
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
48% of English-speaking patients are unable to obtain, process, understand, and utilize health information, and 30-50% of patients do not correctly adhere to their medications. The combination of chronic disease, poor heath literacy, and poor medication adherence lead to increased health costs and hospitalization
A Comparison Of The Effect Of Intermittent And Continuous Infusion Of Meropenem On The Prevalence Of Nausea In Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis Patients, Marissa Cushing, Juanita A. Draime, Bao-Ngoc Ho, Jordan Nicholls, Bethany Sibbitt, Rebecca Widder, Rebecca J. Gryka, Denise S. Simpson
A Comparison Of The Effect Of Intermittent And Continuous Infusion Of Meropenem On The Prevalence Of Nausea In Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis Patients, Marissa Cushing, Juanita A. Draime, Bao-Ngoc Ho, Jordan Nicholls, Bethany Sibbitt, Rebecca Widder, Rebecca J. Gryka, Denise S. Simpson
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease, leading to changes of membrane secretions causing obstruction of smaller airways. CF patients often develop pulmonary infections and require antibiotic treatment. Meropenem is a broad spectrum beta lactam that acts by lysing microbes through interfering with bacterial cell wall synthesis. Although a safe and effective treatment, data on pediatric patients is limited.
Improving Medication Safety In An Independent Community Pharmacy, Kacey Adams, Chris Nguyen, Tara Perkins, Laura Richardson, Heather Rose, Jeffrey D. Lewis
Improving Medication Safety In An Independent Community Pharmacy, Kacey Adams, Chris Nguyen, Tara Perkins, Laura Richardson, Heather Rose, Jeffrey D. Lewis
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
Medication errors are often times thought of as a patient receiving a medication that belongs to another patient, but many to do not understand the other areas that are constituted as “medication errors” are much broader. These errors include, but are not limited to, patient receiving the incorrect medication, improper dosing (too large or too small), wrong drug dispensed, incorrect methods of administration, mislabeling, and etc. Medication errors are such an important issue in the United State because it is the most medicated society in history.
Asthma Knowledge, Adherence, And Administration Techniques In Hispanic Caregivers Of Pediatrics, Joshua Arnold, Rachel Culp, Kyle Hultz, Benjamin Robertson, Jon Wilkie, Amy Wuobio, Marty L. Eng, Kelly J. Hiteshew
Asthma Knowledge, Adherence, And Administration Techniques In Hispanic Caregivers Of Pediatrics, Joshua Arnold, Rachel Culp, Kyle Hultz, Benjamin Robertson, Jon Wilkie, Amy Wuobio, Marty L. Eng, Kelly J. Hiteshew
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
7.5% of Hispanics in the United States suffer from asthma-related diseases, and Latino children are not as likely to use preventative asthma medications as compared with Caucasians. Educational interventions may reduce the number of visits to emergency-care. The reasons for non-adherence are currently unknown, and discovering these reasons will help to address the problem.
Prevention Of Infection In Pin Sites, Sarah Pelletier, Audrey Stearns, Victoria Smith
Prevention Of Infection In Pin Sites, Sarah Pelletier, Audrey Stearns, Victoria Smith
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
External fixation is a term describing skeletal apparatuses that attach to wire or pins that penetrate the bone, used for complex fractures and limb deformity. 11-100% of patients with external fixation develop some sort of infection. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the measures taken to prevent infection are effective.
The Neuroprotective Effects Of Therapeutic Hypothermia In Post-Cardiac Arrest Patients: A Systematic Review Of The Evidence, Elisabeth Blair, Ashley Short
The Neuroprotective Effects Of Therapeutic Hypothermia In Post-Cardiac Arrest Patients: A Systematic Review Of The Evidence, Elisabeth Blair, Ashley Short
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
Cardiac arrest is a leading cause of death. About 300,000 cardiac arrests occur each year in the US., and survival rates vary from 11-48%. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is a relatively new treatment option for cardiac arrest patients.
Pulse Oximetry Testing For Screening For Congenital Heart Defects In Newborns: A Literature Review Of The Effectiveness And Accuracy, Amanda Custer, Bethany Teixeira
Pulse Oximetry Testing For Screening For Congenital Heart Defects In Newborns: A Literature Review Of The Effectiveness And Accuracy, Amanda Custer, Bethany Teixeira
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
Pulse oximetry detects the level of oxygen in the blood. A deficiency of oxygen can indicate the presence of CHD. Congenital Heart Defects (CHD) are the number one birth defect in newborns • CHD contributes to 3% of infant mortality and 46% of deaths from congenital malformations in the first year of life
Risks Associated With Intramuscular Injections In The Dorsal Gluteal Site, Chelsea Craig, Joanna Huschilt
Risks Associated With Intramuscular Injections In The Dorsal Gluteal Site, Chelsea Craig, Joanna Huschilt
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
All of the articles that were reviewed agreed that the dorsal gluteal injection site has risks and is not the best site for intramuscular injections. Four of the seven articles identified the possible risk of the dorsal gluteal intramuscular injection being injected into subcutaneous tissue instead of muscle. Five of the seven articles identified nerve damage as a potential risk to giving a dorsal gluteal injection. And one article mentioned the possibility of blood vessel damage. Two of the articles identified both nerve damage and injection into the subcutaneous tissue as a possibility in a dorsal gluteal injection. All of …
The Therapeutical Benefits Of Using Music Therapy Rather Than Cognitive Therapy In Depressed Older Adults In A Healthcare Setting, Brittnie Jarrett, Elizabeth Hansel
The Therapeutical Benefits Of Using Music Therapy Rather Than Cognitive Therapy In Depressed Older Adults In A Healthcare Setting, Brittnie Jarrett, Elizabeth Hansel
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
Limited research has been conducted concerning the effects of music therapy in depressed individuals with dementia. Music therapy is a simple, non-invasive, and inexpensive treatment in relation to pharmaceutical interventions and possibly even some forms of cognitive therapies. Depression, a disabling disease that can cause a reduction in quality of life and loss of general functioning, affects more than 6.5 million of the 35 million Americans aged 65 years or older. 74% of older adults remain depressed one year after general treatment with pharmaceutical agents.
Review Of Pain Control Methods After An Episiotomy, Abigail L. Tomlinson, Sarah J. Firmin
Review Of Pain Control Methods After An Episiotomy, Abigail L. Tomlinson, Sarah J. Firmin
Pharmacy and Nursing Student Research and Evidence-Based Medicine Poster Session
In 2007, 443,000 episiotomies were performed. Because this procedure is used often, pain management after episiotomy is a priority for many women. Mothers may be reluctant to use pharmacological treatment due to the potential negative side effects to both mother and baby. Because of this concern, a number of researchers have investigated alternative methods of managing pain, particularly after episiotomies are performed. The purpose of this review is to determine the best evidence-based practice for controlling pain related to an episiotomy.