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Aga Khan University

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Articles 9271 - 9300 of 9505

Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Urinary N-Acetyl-Beta-D-Glucosaminidase In Rheumatoid Arthritis, M P. Iqbal, A A. Ali, M A. Waqar, N Mehboobali Sep 1998

Urinary N-Acetyl-Beta-D-Glucosaminidase In Rheumatoid Arthritis, M P. Iqbal, A A. Ali, M A. Waqar, N Mehboobali

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Excretion of urinary N-acetyl beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and its isoenzyme patterns were studied in two groups of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in normal control subjects. Urine samples were collected from 30 seropositive RA patients, 19 seronegative RA patients, and 15 normal healthy subjects. All the patients and normal subjects were assessed to have normal liver and kidney functions. A small portion of the urine sample was dialyzed against 0.01 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0 and NAG activity was monitored. Mean +/- SD values of urinary NAG in seropositive RA patients, in seronegative RA patients and in normal healthy subjects …

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Bacterial Isolates From Neutropenic Febrile Pediatric Patients And Their Sensitivity Patterns To Antibiotics, F N. Bhatti, I A. Burney, M I. Moid, T Siddiqui Sep 1998

Bacterial Isolates From Neutropenic Febrile Pediatric Patients And Their Sensitivity Patterns To Antibiotics, F N. Bhatti, I A. Burney, M I. Moid, T Siddiqui

Section of Internal Medicine

Patients on cytotoxic therapy often develop neutropenia and fever. Our interest was to identify the common pathogens isolated from such patients and to study the sensitivity patterns of these organisms to the antibiotics used in their treatment. Thus, guidelines can be established by hospitals to identify which antibiotics can be used in the treatment of these patients when the results of cultures and sensitivities are not available. We conducted a retrospective study of neutropenic pediatrics presenting to AKUH from July, 1990 to June, 1996. A total of 153 isolates in 35 different patients were studied. Samples for culture were taken …

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Spinal Cord Compression: Histologic Spectrum Of Lesions, I. N. Soomro, N.Kayani N.Kayani, Shahid Pervez, A. S. Hussainy, R. Ahmed, S. Muzaffar, S. A. Aziz, S. H. Hasan Sep 1998

Spinal Cord Compression: Histologic Spectrum Of Lesions, I. N. Soomro, N.Kayani N.Kayani, Shahid Pervez, A. S. Hussainy, R. Ahmed, S. Muzaffar, S. A. Aziz, S. H. Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Histologic diagnosis ultimately determines the prognosis and treatment of lesions causing spinal cord compression. Modem imaging techniques have revolutionized the procedure of localizing lesions pre¬senting with signs and symptoms of spinal cord compression. As a result, these lesions are more accessible for fine needle aspiration and biopsy. A quick diagnosis is possible if cytologic preparation is made. Similarly, intraoperative frozen section facility not only provides rapid diagnosis, but also offers oppor tunity of appropriate management decision there and then. Histology in many cases needs help of special stains and immunocytochemistry. This study looks at the histologic spectrum of these lesions, …

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Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Pattern Diagnosis Or Entity, Naasha Talati, Shahid Pervez Sep 1998

Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Pattern Diagnosis Or Entity, Naasha Talati, Shahid Pervez

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are a diverse and heterogeneous group of tumours The sub-classification of these tumours is of importance for both prognosis and treatment. Classically, sub- categorization is based purely on histomorphological grounds, but as new techniques evolve, a more, conclusive and accurate diagnosis can be made. This study describes the prevalence of soft tissue sarcomas in adults diagnosed at The Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH) and the impact of immunohistochemistry(IHC) on the precise sub-categorization of these tumours. The study included 364 adults (age 16+) who were diagnosed as soft tissue sarcoma in the past six years (May 1991 …

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Evaluation Of Chest Pain In General Practice, S Dodani Aug 1998

Evaluation Of Chest Pain In General Practice, S Dodani

Department of Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

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Appendicitis: A Continuing Challenge, K M. Pal, A Khan Jul 1998

Appendicitis: A Continuing Challenge, K M. Pal, A Khan

Department of Surgery Docs

Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency in urban setting, of a developing country. The computerised hospital patient database at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, was utilised to obtain records of all adults with a histologically proven diagnosis of acute appendicitis. A review of patients treated over a 18 month period was undertaken. One hundred and three appendicectomies were performed for acute appendicitis during this period. The diagnosis was clinical in all cases. Investigations like leucocyte count and lower abdominal ultrasound scan were used to improve diagnostic accuracy without a clear advantage. A number of routine investigations like, haemoglobin estimation …

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Hydatidosis: Experience With Hepatic And Pulmonary Hydatid Disease, T Pishori, R Azami, S M. Ali Jul 1998

Hydatidosis: Experience With Hepatic And Pulmonary Hydatid Disease, T Pishori, R Azami, S M. Ali

Department of Surgery Docs

From 1989-1992, 35 cases comprising of 20 hepatic and 15 pulmonary hydatid cysts were seen. Four patients with pulmonary hydatid disease had previous or concomitant hepatic hydatidosis compared to no concomitant pulmonary hydatid disease in the hepatic group. Hepatic hydatid disease had a greater tendency to be right sides, infected and calcified. Anaphylactic reactions occurred in 3 of 20 patients with hepatic hydatid disease against none in 15 patients with pulmonary disease. Management consisted of evacuation, drainage and obliteration of the residual cavity by capittonage in the lung and omentoplasty in the liver. Two patients, one hepatic and one with …

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Well Differentiated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasizing To Jaw And Oral Cavity Within Six Months Of Primary Diagnosis., Nazma Afroze, Irshad N. Soomro, Shahid Pervez, Naila Kayani, Sheema H. Hasan Jul 1998

Well Differentiated Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasizing To Jaw And Oral Cavity Within Six Months Of Primary Diagnosis., Nazma Afroze, Irshad N. Soomro, Shahid Pervez, Naila Kayani, Sheema H. Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.

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Tuberculosis Presenting As Polyarthritis, J A. Khan, M Y. Ahmadani Jun 1998

Tuberculosis Presenting As Polyarthritis, J A. Khan, M Y. Ahmadani

Section of Pulmonary & Critical Care

No abstract provided.

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Detection Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis In Paraffin Embedded Intestinal Tissue Specimens By Polymerase Chain Reaction: Characterization Of Is6110 Element Negative Strains, Tariq Moatter, Shaper Mirza, Mohammad Shahid Siddiqui, Irshad Nabi Soomro Jun 1998

Detection Of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis In Paraffin Embedded Intestinal Tissue Specimens By Polymerase Chain Reaction: Characterization Of Is6110 Element Negative Strains, Tariq Moatter, Shaper Mirza, Mohammad Shahid Siddiqui, Irshad Nabi Soomro

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Tuberculosis is still one of the most widespread infection known to mankind. Although lung is the predominant site of disease, a sizeable population in Pakistan gets intestinal disease. Clinical presentation, radiologic and endoscopic examination provide clues to the diagnosis. However, a definitive diagnosis requires biopsy material with granulomas and/or caseation complemented by acid fast staining and culture. There are many occasions when biopsy material is scanty and even in some intestinal resection cases histologic evaluation fails to confirm or rule out tuberculosis. Therefore, an investigation was conducted to assess the efficacy of PCR in the detection of mycobacterial DNA in …

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Cholera In Children In Karachi From 1990 Through 1995: A Study Of Cases Admitted To A Tertiary Care Hospital, S Q. Nizami, B J. Farooqui Jun 1998

Cholera In Children In Karachi From 1990 Through 1995: A Study Of Cases Admitted To A Tertiary Care Hospital, S Q. Nizami, B J. Farooqui

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Although cholera is an endemic disease in Bangladesh, India and other countries, it was never a significant cause of gastroenteritis in Pakistan before 1988. Since then, cases of cholera are identified each year, both in adults and children in Pakistan. In order to see the contribution of Vibrio cholerae as a cause of gastroenteritis in children, we reviewed the cases of cholera admitted in the pediatric ward of the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Of 4346 children hospitalized with gastroenteritis during 1990 through 1995, 348 children (8%) were confirmed to have cholera. The youngest child with cholera was seven …

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Primary Spinal T-Cell Rich B-Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report, Suhail Muzaffar Suhail Muzaffar, Irshad Nabi Soomro, Naila Kayani, Shahid Siddiqui, Yousuf A. Husein, Rashid Jooma May 1998

Primary Spinal T-Cell Rich B-Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report, Suhail Muzaffar Suhail Muzaffar, Irshad Nabi Soomro, Naila Kayani, Shahid Siddiqui, Yousuf A. Husein, Rashid Jooma

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.

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Principles Of Family Medicine, Riaz Qureshi May 1998

Principles Of Family Medicine, Riaz Qureshi

Department of Family Medicine

No abstract provided.

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Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome In Childhood: An Experience Of 7 Years At The Aga Khan University, S H. Ibrahim, Z A. Bhutta, I A. Khan Apr 1998

Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome In Childhood: An Experience Of 7 Years At The Aga Khan University, S H. Ibrahim, Z A. Bhutta, I A. Khan

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

We reviewed the case records of all children admitted to the Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH) with a diagnosis of Haemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS) over a 7 year period (July, 1988-June, 1995). A total of 33 patients were admitted to the Pediatric ward at (AKUH) with a median age of 16 months (range 4 months-9 years). 97% cases identified were of the classic variety and no familial case was identified. The mean duration of illness was 27 days, 39% had an illness > 28 days. Diarrhoea and prior antibiotic used was in 97% patients. Oliguria at admission was seen in 52.5% …

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Predicting Prognosis In Lung Cancer: Use Of Proliferation Marker, Ki67 Monoclonal Antibody, I N. Soomro, J Holmes, W F. Whimster Mar 1998

Predicting Prognosis In Lung Cancer: Use Of Proliferation Marker, Ki67 Monoclonal Antibody, I N. Soomro, J Holmes, W F. Whimster

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

An investigation was carried out to assess the prognostic significance of proliferation marker Ki67 in a group of lung cancer patients treated by surgery (limited disease). Tissue was not available for Ki67 immunostaining in inoperable group. The diagnosis is established by bronchial biopsy which does not carry enough tissue for frozen section and counting. This study is supplemented by estimating the prognostic significance of histological sub-types in the operable group and in a group of inoperable patients with extensive disease. These are usually treated by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy. In all, 267 patients were studied including 105 treated by surgery. These …

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A Comparison Of Severe Pre-Eclampsia/Eclampsia In Patients With And Without Hellp Syndrome, N F. Zuberi, K Arif, F M. Khan, J A. Pal Feb 1998

A Comparison Of Severe Pre-Eclampsia/Eclampsia In Patients With And Without Hellp Syndrome, N F. Zuberi, K Arif, F M. Khan, J A. Pal

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Background: The relationship of Haemolysis, Elevated Liver Enzymes and Low Platelets (HELLP) syndrome with maternal and perinatal health and its presentation in Pakistani population is not known.
Purpose: To determine the mode of presentation along with maternal and perinatal outcome of patients with HELLP syndrome.
Methods: Case records of patients with severe hypertension in pregnancy who delivered between January 1, 1989 and December 31, 1994 at The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. Out of 120 cases of severe pre-eclampsia/eclampsia, there were 36 cases of HELLP syndrome (Group-A). These were then compared with cases without HELLP syndrome (Group B) for their …

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Effects Of First And Second Trimester Vaginal Bleeding On Pregnancy Outcome, S A. Karim, I Bakhtawar, A T. Butta, M Jalil Feb 1998

Effects Of First And Second Trimester Vaginal Bleeding On Pregnancy Outcome, S A. Karim, I Bakhtawar, A T. Butta, M Jalil

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

The effects of vaginal bleeding during first and second trimester on pregnancy outcomes was assessed in a hospital-based population of 268 non-diabetic women. The group of non-bleeders comprised 173 females whereas, there were 71 females with first and 24 with second trimester bleeding. Fetal loss (abortion) occurred in 34% of first trimester and 25% of second trimester bleeders. Low birth weight and preterm delivery were significantly associated with second trimester haemorrhage. The results suggest that first and second trimester vaginal bleeding correlates with adverse infant outcomes.

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Dna Methylation And Carcinogenesis In Digestive, Javed Yakoob, Fan Xue-Gong, Hu Guo-Ling, Zhang Zheng Feb 1998

Dna Methylation And Carcinogenesis In Digestive, Javed Yakoob, Fan Xue-Gong, Hu Guo-Ling, Zhang Zheng

Section of Gastroenterology

No abstract provided.

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Acquired Arterio-Venous Fistula With Mycetoma: Two Entities Coinciding: A Case Report, Saldar Nasim Khan, Nabil Wasif, Masood Umar, Mohamrnad Umar Jan 1998

Acquired Arterio-Venous Fistula With Mycetoma: Two Entities Coinciding: A Case Report, Saldar Nasim Khan, Nabil Wasif, Masood Umar, Mohamrnad Umar

Section of Orthopaedic Surgery

No abstract provided.

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The Spectrum Of Bacterial Infections In Febrile Neutropenic Patients: Effect On Empiric Antibiotic Therapy, Ikram A. Burney, Tariq Siddiqui, Badar J. Farooqui, Mohammad Khurshid Jan 1998

The Spectrum Of Bacterial Infections In Febrile Neutropenic Patients: Effect On Empiric Antibiotic Therapy, Ikram A. Burney, Tariq Siddiqui, Badar J. Farooqui, Mohammad Khurshid

Department of Medicine

The aim of this retrospective analysis was to look at the spectrum of bacterial isolates and their resistance patterns to the commonly used antIbiotics in the settmg of febrile neutropenia. A total of 127 bacteria were isolated from patients with acute leukemias, lymphoproliferative disorders, aplastic anaemia and various solid tumours. Fifty-four percent organisms were gram negative; while the rest were gram positive. E. coli, pseudomónas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, enterococcus and streptococci were the commonly isolated organisms. Forty-eight percent organisms were isolated from blood, 16% from urine, 13% from wounds and superficial abscesses and 11% from respiratory tract. E. coli exhibited …

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Percutaneous Nephrostomy: A Non-Operative Management Of Urinomas: 2 Case Reports, Tanveer-Ul-Haq, I H. Rizvi, Z A. Khan, A A. Khan Jan 1998

Percutaneous Nephrostomy: A Non-Operative Management Of Urinomas: 2 Case Reports, Tanveer-Ul-Haq, I H. Rizvi, Z A. Khan, A A. Khan

Department of Radiology

No abstract provided.

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Reply, Y A. Husen, M U. Islam, I H. Rizvi Jan 1998

Reply, Y A. Husen, M U. Islam, I H. Rizvi

Department of Radiology

No abstract provided.

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Ectopic Placement Of Central Venous Catheter, Importance Of X-Ray Chest, Nadeem A. Zaidi, Fazal Hameed Khan Jan 1998

Ectopic Placement Of Central Venous Catheter, Importance Of X-Ray Chest, Nadeem A. Zaidi, Fazal Hameed Khan

Department of Anaesthesia

A case of malpositioning of central venous catheter which was judged to be correctly placed on clinical criteria isbeing presented. Abberant positioning was picked up on X-ray

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Management Of Hyperlipidaemia In General Practice, Waris Qidwai Jan 1998

Management Of Hyperlipidaemia In General Practice, Waris Qidwai

Department of Family Medicine

Hyperlipidaemia is a powerful predictor of coronary artery disease, with a strong, independent, continuous and grades positive associationbetweencholesterol levels and risk of coronary events. Several large studies have shown the benefit of cholesterol reduction and there is clear evidence of the efficacy of statins in the reduction of events inprimazy and secondary prevention1. A 1% reduction in the total serum cholesterol reduces the frequency of fatal coronary heart disease by atleast 2%2. A l0% meandecrease inthe total serum choelsterol level reduces the incidence of both fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarctions3. Family physicians need to …

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Role Of Serum Angiotensin Converting Enzyme In Sarcoidosis, Aysha Habib, Farooq Ghani, Mohammad Khurshid, Amanullah Khan, M. Atta Khan Jan 1998

Role Of Serum Angiotensin Converting Enzyme In Sarcoidosis, Aysha Habib, Farooq Ghani, Mohammad Khurshid, Amanullah Khan, M. Atta Khan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

This study was conducted to determine the role of Serum Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (SACE) as a marker in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary diseases and prognosis of sarcoidosis, A retrospective analysis of 113 medical records of patients at The Aga Khan University Hospital, with laboratory investigation for SACE was performed. Among 113 patients, 51 cases were found to have sarcoidosis, 44 of them had SACE levels greater than 52 lU/L (mean ACE 104.44). SACE levels were also found elevated in other clinical conditions like tuberculosis (mean 58.64 lUlL), but the enzyme level were less (p0.04) than those found in sarcoidosis …

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Diagnostic Evaluation Of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology In The Management Of Palpable Breast Lesions, S. H. Shah, Naila Kayani, S. H. Hasan, I. N. Soomro, Shahid Pervez, A. S. Hussainy Jan 1998

Diagnostic Evaluation Of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology In The Management Of Palpable Breast Lesions, S. H. Shah, Naila Kayani, S. H. Hasan, I. N. Soomro, Shahid Pervez, A. S. Hussainy

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

A total of 113 fine needle aspirates of the breast masses were evaluated in which the subsequent biopsy or mastectomy specimen were also available for histological examination. The age ranged from 16 to 80 years with a mean of 42 years. In benign conditions the mean age was 34.7 years while in malignant cases it was 48 years. The cytological diagnoses were compared with the histological results which revealed that the specificity and sensitivity of fine needle aspiration cytology in the palpable breast lesions was 86.1% and 89.2% respectively with a positive predictive value of 93% and efficiency of 88.2%. …

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Dyslipidemia And Its Relation With Body Mass Index Versus Waist Hip Ratio, A Jabbar, A Irfanullah, J Akhter, Y K. Mirza Dec 1997

Dyslipidemia And Its Relation With Body Mass Index Versus Waist Hip Ratio, A Jabbar, A Irfanullah, J Akhter, Y K. Mirza

Section of Pulmonary & Critical Care

To study the magnitude of dyslipidemia in asymptomatic subjects and its relation to body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip-ratio (WHR), 88 subjects attending the health analysis programme were examined and their age, sex, BMI, WHR, fasting blood glucose and lipids were measured. The distribution of the lipid levels and the frequency of dyslipidemia were noted. Forty-eight percent had a total cholesterol of > 200 mg/dl and 50% had an HDL-cholesterol of < 40 mg/dl. On comparing the means of total cholesterol to BMI and WHR, it was found that total cholesterol level was statistically significant for WHR above and below 0.9 for males and 0.8 for females, whereas not so for BMI above and below 27 kg/m2. The prevalence of dyslipidemia in asymptomatic people in this group emphasizes the need for routine health screening for early institution of preventive measures. The correlation with WHR rather than BMI points towards importance of measuring parameters of central obesity rather than body weight and height only.

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Ossifying Fibroma Of Nasal Cavity, Abbas Zafar Abbas Zafar, Muhammad Shafi Muhammad Shafi, Shaukat Malik Shaukat Malik, Shahid Pervez Dec 1997

Ossifying Fibroma Of Nasal Cavity, Abbas Zafar Abbas Zafar, Muhammad Shafi Muhammad Shafi, Shaukat Malik Shaukat Malik, Shahid Pervez

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

No abstract provided.

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Non-Visualization Of Lung Markings Below Hemidiaphragm In Subtle Subpulmonic Effusion: An Old Sign Resuscitated, Y A. Husen, T R. Khalid, Z A. Khan, M Y. Sheikh Nov 1997

Non-Visualization Of Lung Markings Below Hemidiaphragm In Subtle Subpulmonic Effusion: An Old Sign Resuscitated, Y A. Husen, T R. Khalid, Z A. Khan, M Y. Sheikh

Department of Radiology

To assess the lack of visibility of vascular markings under the hemidiaphragm on a frontal chest radiograph as a sign of pleural effusion, fifteen patients were collected showing this sign. Pleural effusion was diagnosed by ultrasound, comparison with previous or subsequent chest x-ray or computed tomography. Patients in the study group exhibited this sign in the absence of the classical signs of pleural effusion. In the control group, lack of visibility of blood vessels was observed in only 4.2% cases. Non-visualization of vascular markings below the hemidiaphragm should alert the interpreter to the possible presence of pleural effusion and a …

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Open Fractures Caused By High Velocity Missiles: The Outcome Of Treatment Of 39 Fractures Followed For 1-3 Years, M A. Khan, R Hussain, S H. Khan, M Umar Nov 1997

Open Fractures Caused By High Velocity Missiles: The Outcome Of Treatment Of 39 Fractures Followed For 1-3 Years, M A. Khan, R Hussain, S H. Khan, M Umar

Department of Surgery Docs

Between 1993 and 1995, thirty-three patients having 39 fractures caused by missiles fired from a high velocity rifle were reviewed retrospectively between 1 and 3 years after injury and the outcome of treatment assessed. Majority (33 out of 39) were Grade III. Union was achieved in 35 out of 39 fractures, there was deep infection and delayed union in one case each. Non-union occurred in three fractures. The fractures were stabilized using different techniques, but highest complication rate was seen with the use of the static external fixator. This was related to the severe nature of the injury as well …

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