Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Quality Of Life After Myocardial Infarction In The Pakistani Population – Insights From A Single-Center Cohort Study, Javerya Hassan, Manzar Abbas, Hajra Arshad, Angelina Jessani, Izza Tahir, Shiza Qazi, Jasmit Shah, Zul Merali, Zainab Samad

Brain and Mind Institute

Background Health-related Quality of life (HRQoL) assessment is essential for optimizing patient care, treatment adjustments, and medical decision-making, particularly in post-Myocardial Infarction (MI) patients, but limited data exists on HRQOL post-MI from Pakistan. This study aimed to assess HRQoL and its determinants in the Pakistani population.

Methods A single-center cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Patients≥18 years old with a primary diagnosis of acute MI (ICD-9 codes: 410.0-410.9 and ICD-10 codes: 121.0- 121.9) discharged from the Cardiology Service from January 2019 to December 2020 who could be contacted and consented to participate were included. …

Guidelines For The Standardization Of Pre-Analytical Variables For Salivary Biomarker Studies In Alzheimer's Disease Research: An Updated Review And Consensus Of The Salivary Biomarkers For Dementia Research Working Group, Ted K. S. Ng, Chinedu Momoh, Mei-Ann Lim, Helena Sophia Gleerup, Wayne Leifert, Catherine Ajalo, Nicholas Ashton, Henrik Zetterberg, Robert A. Rissman, Charisse N. Winston

Brain and Mind Institute

There is a pressing need for accessible biomarkers with high diagnostic accuracy for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis to facilitate widespread screening, particularly in underserved groups. Saliva is an emerging specimen for measuring AD biomarkers, with distinct contexts of use that could complement blood and cerebrospinal fluid and detect various analytes. An interdisciplinary, international group of AD and related dementias (ADRD) researchers convened and performed a narrative review of published studies on salivary AD biomarkers. We critically appraised the current state of the literature, examining both consistencies and discrepancies in existing pre-analytical variables and methodologies. We discussed how various pre-analytical variables …

Factors Associated With Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Among Presumptive Multidrug Resistance Tuberculosis Patients Identified In A Drtb Surveillance Study In Western Kenya, Albert Okumu, James Orwa, Ruth Sitati, Isaiah Omondi, Ben Odhiambo, Jeremiah Ogoro, George Oballa, Benjamin Ochieng, Steve Wandiga, Collins Ouma

Population Health, East Africa

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is caused by M. tuberculosis (Mtb) with resistance to the first-line anti-TB medicines isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF). In Western Kenya, there is reported low prevalence of drug resistant strains among HIV tuberculosis patients, creating a need to determine factors associated with drug resistance patterns among presumptive MDR-TB patients. To determine factors associated with drug resistance patterns among presumptive MDR-TB patients in western Kenya. Three hundred and ninety (3 9 0) sputum sample isolates from among presumptive multidrug TB patients, were analyzed for TB drug resistance as per Ministry of Health (MoH) TB program diagnostic …

Focused Ultrasound: A New Era In Tremor Control, Sajid Hameed

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Tocilizumab In The Management Of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Narrative Review Of Literature And Critical Appraisal, Salman Mansoor, Samar Iltaf Mairajuddin, Saqib Gul

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Background and objective

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum disorder (NMOSD) mostly affects the spinal cord and optic nerves. This manuscript aims to explore the treatment potential of tocilizumab, a monoclonal antibody that targets the interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor and regulates inflammatory cytokines implicated in the pathophysiology of NMOSD. Methods

A thorough search of the pertinent literature was done for this research utilising electronic databases, specifically PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase, which contained studies published from 2016 to 2024.

Results Clinical studies show that tocilizumab improves clinical outcomes and lowers recurrence rates in people with NMOSD, especially those who don't respond to traditional treatments. …

Chorea As A Rare Manifestation Of Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report, Qurat Ul Ain, Ashfeen Ishfaq, Farzana Kouser, Rabia Rasool

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with multisystemic involvement. It has variable clinical presentations and a relapsing and remitting course. Clinical manifestations are broad, ranging from mild mucocutaneous involvement to major organ involvement. We present a case of a 32-year-old female with repeated movements of the right arm, and confusion with a background of pains in multiple joints. She was diagnosed as a case of Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (NPSLE). She was managed with pulse therapy of cyclophosphamide (CYC) along with other supportive medications. After six months of intensive immunosuppressive therapy, she remained well and continued maintenance …

Management Of Possible Serious Bacterial Infections In Young Infants Where Referral Is Not Possible In The Context Of Existing Health System Structure In Mbeya, Tanzania: Experience And Lessons From The End Line Assessment, Esther Ngadaya, Alexander Manu, Mary Mmweteni, Dorica Burengelo, Doreen Philbert, Gibson Kagaruki, Kahabi Isangula, Mbazi Senkoro, Godfather Kimaro, Amos Kahwa

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Severe bacterial infections (SBIs) are a leading cause of neonatal deaths in low- and middle-income countries. World Health Organization’s (WHO’s) guideline for outpatient management of danger signs indicating possible serious bacterial infections (PSBI) when referral is not possible was adopted by three pilot district councils in Mbeya Region, in Tanzania (Busekelo, Kyela and Mbarali Districts) in 2018 (the PSBI project). This study documented changes in practice during the PSBI project, and lessons learned. A cross-sectional study was conducted using both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods between July 2021 and January 2022, post-implementation. The study participants comprised stakeholders, health workers, …

An Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of An Updated Pre-Service Midwifery Curriculum Integrated With Emergency Obstetric And Newborn Care In Kenya: A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial, Duncan N. Shikuku, Catherine Mwaura, Peter Nandikove, Alphonce Uyara, Helen Allott, Lucy Waweru, Lucy Nyaga, Edna Tallam, Issak Bashir, Eunice Ndirangu

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Introduction Quality midwifery education is central to improving midwifery service delivery and maternal and newborn health outcomes. In many settings, midwifery educators insufciently prepared for their teaching role and defcient curriculum compared to international standards afect the quality of healthcare provided by the midwifery graduates. This study assessed the efectiveness of an EmONC enhanced midwifery curriculum delivered by trained and mentored midwifery educators on the quality of education and student performance in Kenya.

Methods A cluster randomised controlled trial in 20 midwifery colleges (12 intervention, 8 control colleges). Educators in both arms received training in teaching/EmONC skills to deliver the …

Effectiveness Of Clinical Training In Influencing The Outcome Of Visual Inspection With Acetic Acid In Selected Facilities At A County In Kenya, Evah Maina, Abednego Ongeso, Nancy Maingi

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: Cervical cancer remains a major health concern in developing countries, primarily due to the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18. Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) is a common and affordable screening method, yet its effectiveness is closely tied to the skills and competency of healthcare providers. This study aimed to assess the impact of clinical training on improving VIA screening outcomes for cervical cancer in a county in Kenya.

Methods: Seven government health facilities equipped with cryotherapy machines were selected, with two healthcare providers sampled from each. A six-day VIA training intervention was conducted, combining …

Exploring Psychotic Symptoms Among Substance-Naïve Individuals And Recent Abstainers Without A Psychosis Diagnosis: A Cross-Country Study Across Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia, And South Africa, Isaac Babu Kisiang'ani, Mohammed Aden, Henry R. Mwangi, Dickens Akena, Melkam Alemayehu, Julius Barasa, Bizu Gelaye, Stella Gichuru, Lukoye Atwoli, Symon M. Kariuki

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Psychotic symptoms are of increasing interest in mental health due to their predictive value for future psychotic disorders. While these symptoms are prevalent in the general population, their occurrence varies globally. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and factors associated with psychotic symptoms among individuals identified as substance-naïve and recent abstainers without a history of psychosis. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 11,686 participants who reported no lifetime substance use, no substance use in the previous three months, and did not have a diagnosis of psychosis. The study utilized the Psychosis Screening Questionnaire to estimate the one-year prevalence of …

Ten-Year Review Of St-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (Stemi) In Tanzania: A Single Center Retrospective Review, Nadeem Kassam, Mohamed Varwani, Mzee Ngunga, Jeilan Mohamed, Mangaro Mabusi, James Orwa, Salim Surani, Robert Mvungi, Nasiruddin Jamal

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Introduction: Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) is an emerging epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Although the true burden may be underreported in the African continent, it still remains one of the leading causes of death among adults aged above 60 years. ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) is a clinically time-sensitive fatal sequela of IHD with timely reperfusion by primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) being the gold standard of care. There has been steady progress in coronary care services in Tanzania, alongside a rise in IHD-related risk factors. However, data on this is limited. This study aimed to examine trends in …

Effectiveness Of Enhanced Care For Treatment Of Acute Or Persistent Diarrhea In Malnourished Children Aged 0 Months To 10 Years: A Systematic Review, Ridwa Alam, Khadija Vadsaria, Ahmad Khan, Uswa Jiwani, Aqsa Ishaq, Anmol Minaz, Ashraf Sharif, Jai K. Das, Sajid Bashir Soofi, Shabina Ariff

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

Background: Diarrhea poses a significant public health challenge, particularly affecting children under five. The link between malnutrition and diarrhea is well established, with diarrhea being a primary cause of malnutrition in young children and malnutrition exacerbating the severity of diarrhea. While the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a comprehensive approach to both diarrhea and malnutrition management, including oral rehydration, continuous feeding, zinc supplementation, and antibiotics for specific strains, it does not adequately address the complex needs of malnourished children with diarrhea who may benefit from enhanced care in the form of follow-up and monitoring beyond initial treatment. We aimed to …

Healthcare Informatics December 2024, Aga Khan University

Department of Chief Medical Information Officer (CMIO) Archives

Updates on AKU One Health EHR implementation, including leadership messages, Meditech workgroup trainings, nursing informatics initiatives, and academic research contributions from AKUH

Whole Exome-Seq And Rna-Seq Data Reveal Unique Neoantigen Profiles In Kenyan Breast Cancer Patients, Godfrey Wagutu, John Gitau, Kennedy Mwangi, Mary Murithi, Elias Melly, Alexandra R. Harris, Shahin Sayed, Stefan Ambs, Francis Makokha

Pathology, East Africa

Background: The immune response against tumors relies on distinguishing between self and non-self, the basis of cancer immunotherapy. Neoantigens from somatic mutations are central to many immunotherapeutic strategies and understanding their landscape in breast cancer is crucial for targeted interventions. We aimed to profile neoantigens in Kenyan breast cancer patients using genomic DNA and total RNA from paired tumor and adjacent non-cancerous tissue samples of 23 patients.

Methods: We sequenced the genome-wide exome (WES) and RNA, from which somatic mutations were identified and their expression quantified, respectively. Neoantigen prediction focused on human leukocyte antigens (HLA) crucial to cancer, HLA type …

Factors Associated With Quality Of Postnatal Care In Kenya: An Analysis Of The 2022 Kenya Demographic And Health Survey, Lilian Nuwabaine, Angella Namulem, Quraish Sserwanja, Joseph Kawuki, Earnest Amwiine, Mathius Amperiize, Grace Nakate, John Baptist Asiimwe

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Introduction: Despite the significant contribution of postnatal care (PNC) to maternal and newborn survival, few studies have explored the concept of the quality of PNC received by mothers in Kenya. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with the quality of PNC in Kenya.

Methods: Secondary data from the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS) of 2022 were analyzed, comprising 11,863 women who were aged 15 to 49 years. The quality of PNC was indicated as receiving all components of PNC in the first two days after childbirth. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to determine the …

Quality Of Newborn Care And Associated Factors: An Analysis Of The 2022 Kenya Demographic And Health Survey, John Baptist Asiimwe, Earnest Amwiine, Angella Namulema, Quraish Sserwanja, Joseph Kawuki, Mathius Amperiize, Shamim Nabidda, Imelda Namagembe, Lilian Nuwabaine

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Kenya one of the African countries has pledged to reduce neonatal death as per the 2030 World Health Organization target. Providing high-quality newborn care is critical in minimizing neonatal mortality. This study aimed to determine the factors that influence the quality of newborn care in Kenya. Secondary data from 11,863 participants of the 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS) were analyzed. The participants were chosen using two-stage stratified sampling. The quality of newborn care was operationalized as receiving all components of newborn care after childbirth, as reported by the mother. Using SPSS (version 29), univariate and multivariable logistic regression …

A Time-Stratified, Case–Crossover Study Of Heat Exposure And Perinatal Mortality From 16 Hospitals In Sub-Saharan Africa, Claudia Hanson, Jeroen De Bont, Kristi Sidney Annerstedt, Maria Del Rosario Alsina, Federica Nobile, Nathalie Roos, Peter Waiswa, Andrea Pembe, Jean-Paul Dossou, Claudia Hanson, Hussein Kidanto

Brain and Mind Institute

Growing evidence suggests that extreme heat events affect both pregnant women and their infants, but few studies are available from sub-Saharan Africa. Using data from 138,015 singleton births in 16 hospitals in Benin, Malawi, Tanzania and Uganda, we investigated the association between extreme heat and early perinatal deaths, including antepartum and intrapartum stillbirths, and deaths within 24 h after birth using a time-stratified case–crossover design. We observed an association between an increase from the 75th to the 99th percentile in mean temperature 1 week (lag 0–6 d) before childbirth and perinatal mortality (odds ratio (OR) = 1.34 (95% confidence interval …

Association Of Chronic Malnutrition, And Not Anemia, With Cognitive Development In Ethiopian Schoolchildren: A Cross-Sectional Study, Befikadu Tariku Gutema, Muluken Bekele Sorrie, Sifray Batire, Tadiwos Hailu Zewdie, Bruno Levecke, Amina Abubakar, Stefaan De Henauw, Souheila Abbeddou

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

This study assesses the associations between nutritional statusand cognitive development of schoolchildren. A unit increase inheight-for-age Z-score was associated with 0.12 SD, 0.08 SD and0.12 SD increase in standardized digit span, Raven’s coloredprogressive metrics, and performance index of visual searchtask, respectively. A unit increase in body-mass-index-for-ageZ-score was associated with 0.11 SD increase in standardizeddigit span. Hemoglobin concentration was not associated withany of the cognitive outcomes. Chronic malnutrition was asso-ciated with cognitive development in schoolchildren while thin-ness and hemoglobin concentrations were associated withselected or no cognitive outcomes, respectively.

An Expansion Of The Phenotype In Individuals With Syncrip-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder, Tooba Shafiq, Joanna Feng, Lindsay Phillips, Kara Murias, Marcia Ferguson, Kristin Baranano, Alaina Acchione, Patricia Kipkemoi, Collins Kipkoech, Amina Abubakar

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Disruption of genes within the HNRNP gene family has been observed in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. The HNRNP-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorders (HNRNP-RNDDs), while each unique, have been recently described with similar clinical and molecular features across variation in several genes. However, the phenotypic information on these patients is still lacking. In this case series we aim to describe the phenotypes that are associated with SYNCRIP-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder (SYNCRIP-RNDD). We describe in depth ten novel individuals and one previously published individual with mostly de novo and predicted damaging variants in SYNCRIP, consistent with a diagnosis of SYNCRIP-RNDD. We also describe previously published …

Rectovaginal Fistula Due To Undiagnosed Rectal Tuberculosis In A Nulliparous Young Woman: A Case Report, Daudi Gidion, Brenda Moshi, Gregory Ntiyakunze, James Chapa, Peter Majinge, Munawar Kaguta

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Introduction: Rectovaginal fistulas (RVFs) can arise from various etiologies, the most common cause especially in developing countries is obstetric injury. Uncommonly, rectal tuberculosis can present as RVF, posing a diagnostic and treatment challenge especially in a patient without established risk factors. The first case of rectal tuberculosis was reported by Davis et al., in 1957, and a 2022 systematic review identified only 28 cases reported since then.

Presentation of Case: we report the case of a 25-year-old college woman who presented with a 3-month history of lower abdominal pain and fecal passage per vagina. She had undergone a failed …

Community Perspectives Of Heat And Weather Warnings For Pregnant And Postpartum Women In Kilifi, Kenya, Adelaide Lusambili, Veronique Filippi, Britt Nakstad, Julian Natukunda, Cathryn Birch, John Marsham, Nathalie Roos, Peter Khaemba, Sari Kovats

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Background: Extreme weather is a recognised risk factor for stillbirth and preterm birth, disrupts women’s access to healthcare during pregnancy and childbirth, and negatively affects the care of newborns. Reliable and accessible heat and weather warning systems are key in alerting individuals to undertake protective measures. There is a notable gap in understanding how women and caregivers in rural East Africa perceive and utilize weather information. We investigated community members’ heat and weather warning information-seeking behaviour, identified available sources, assessed their reliability and utility, and examined their influence on behaviour.

Settings: Our research was conducted in rural Kilifi County in …

Dementia Risk Reduction In The African Context: Multi-National Implementation Of Multimodal Strategies To Promote Healthy Brain Aging In Africa (The Africa-Fingers Project), Chinedu Momoh, Rachel Maina, Lukoye Atwoli, Karen Blackmon, Edna Bosire, Gloria Chemutai, Linda Khakali, Sylvia Mbugua, Zul Merali, Olivera Nesic Taylor,, Anthony Ngugi, Cyprian Mostert, Eunice Muthoni, Roselyter Riang’A, Mansoor Saleh, Shahin Sayed, Jasmit Shah

Brain and Mind Institute

Dementia prevention in Africa is critically underexplored, despite the continent's high prevalence of modifiable risk factors. With a predominantly young and middle-aged population, Africa presents a prime opportunity to implement evidence-based strategies that could significantly reduce future dementia cases and mitigate its economic impact. The multinational Africa-FINGERS program offers an innovative solution, pioneering culturally sensitive, multidomain interventions tailored to the unique challenges of the region. Leveraging insights from landmark global studies such as Worldwide-FINGERS and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, the program employs a multideterminant precision prevention framework, grounded in community based systems dynamics. Africa-FINGERS further integrates cutting-edge state-of-the-art multimodal biomarker …

Metastatic Recurrence In Women Diagnosed With Non-Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Eileen Morgan, Colette O’Neill, Richa Shah, Oliver Langselius, Yaqi Su, Clara Frick, Hanna Fink, Aude Bardot, Miriam Mutebi, Paul Walsh

General Surgery, East Africa

Background: To assess proportions of metastatic recurrence in women initially diagnosed with non-metastatic breast cancer by stage at diagnosis, breast cancer subtype, calendar period and age.

Methods: A systematic search of MEDLINE and Web of Science databases (January 2010–12 May 2022) was conducted. Studies reporting the proportion of distant metastatic recurrence in women with non-metastatic breast cancer were identified and outcomes and characteristics were extracted. Risk of bias was assessed independently by two reviewers. Random-effects meta-analyses of proportions were used to calculate pooled estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results: 193 studies covering over 280,000 patients were included in the …

Addressing Barriers To Post-Graduate Research Training In Low Resource Settings: An Innovative Approach In An Institution Of Higher Learning In Kenya, Eunice Muthoni, Rosebella Iseme, Roselyter Riang’A, James Orwa, Ken Njenga, Anthony Ngugi

Population Health, East Africa

Background: Numerous barriers hinder health research training in Post-Graduate Medical Education Programs, especially in developing countries. Research training is pivotal for medical residency, providing essential knowledge and skills for dissertation completion, fostering evidence-based medical practice, and nurturing future independent clinical researchers. A holistic approach to research education is imperative to surmount these barriers. We describe here a dissertation-centric research curriculum, delivered longitudinally, an innovative strategy undertaken by Aga Khan University's Medical College in East Africa (AKU-MCEA) to deliver postgraduate research.

Methods: A review of AKU-MCEA post-graduate research methods curriculum was conducted based on implementing Departments' experience, institutional policies, and residency …

Sexual Behavior Among Emerging Adults In Africa: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Stevenson Chea, Vincent A. Kagonya, Osman Abdullahi, Amina Abubakar, Souheila Abbeddou, Kristien Michielsen, Amin Hassan

Institute for Human Development, East Africa

Background: Estimates on sexual behavior (SB) among emerging adults (EmA) is varied in literature, which presents a challenge when designing targeted interventions. We aimed to summarize literature on prevalence and risk factors of SB among EmA in Africa.

Methods: A search for studies published in PubMed, Embase, and Psych Info by March 2023 was done. Studies involving EmA (18–25 years), conducted in Africa, and reporting 1 or more of 7 SBs were reviewed. Pooled prevalence estimates were summarized using forest plots. Heterogeneity in SB was explored. Risk factors were synthesized using a modified socioecological model.

Results: Overall, …

Persistent Post-Dural Puncture Headaches One Year After Lumbar Puncture: A Case Report, Zamanali Khakhar, Maeheq Mir, Soraiya Manji, Sheila Waa, Sayed Karar

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Post-dural puncture headaches usually occur when the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks due to trauma to the dura mater. This often results in spontaneous intracranial hypotension characterized by orthostatic headaches, neck stiffness, and nausea. In this case report, we discuss a 20-year-old male patient who developed symptoms of intracranial hypotension one year following a lumbar puncture. A spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a CSF collection in the epidural space. This was treated successfully by an epidural blood patch (EBP) which resolved the patient's symptoms. This case highlights the necessity of recognizing delayed lumbar puncture complications and the need for a …

Postnatal Growth Of Etiologically Characterized Preterm Newborns According To Gestational Age At Birth, Paola Roggero, Irina Ryumina, Robert Gunier, Adele Winsey, Stephen Rauch, Irma Alejandra Coronado Zarco, Shabina Ariff, Maria Albertina Rego, Constanza Soto Conti, R. Ochieng

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Objective: To examine the relationship between etiologically-based preterm birth sub-groups and early postnatal growth according to gestational age at birth.

Methods: Prospective, multinational, cohort study involving 15 hospitals that monitored preterm newborns to hospital discharge. Measures/exposures: maternal demographics; etiologically-based preterm birth sub-groups; very, moderate and late preterm categories, and feeding. Primary outcomes: serial anthropometric measures expressed as z-scores of the INTERGROWTH-21st preterm postnatal growth standards.

Results: We included 2320 singletons and 1180 twins: very=24.4% (n = 856, including 178 < 28 weeks’ gestation); moderate=16.9% (n = 592) and late preterm=58.6% (n = 2052). The median (interquartile range) postmenstrual age at the last measure was 37 (36–38) weeks. The ‘no main condition’ sub-group percentage increased from early to late preterm; the ‘perinatal sepsis’ sub-group percentage decreased. ‘Perinatal sepsis’, ‘suspected IUGR’ and ‘fetal distress’ very and late preterm infants had lower postnatal growth patterns than the ‘no main condition’ reference sub-group. This pattern persisted in late but not very preterm infants when postnatal growth was corrected for weight z-score at birth.

Conclusion: The proportional contribution of etiologically-based preterm sub-groups and their postnatal growth trajectories vary by preterm category. Postnatal growth is partially …

Inspire : Vol 7 Issue 11, Department Of Medicine

INSPIRE – Department of Medicine Archives

• Message from the Chair
• Medicine at National and International Forums
• Lancet Global Health Commission
• 17th IMEC Neuroendocrine conference
• National BAT Team Workshop on Hyper-Acute Stroke Response
• Navigating the PCO Hormonal Maze
• PCW33 Engage and Inspire | A Master Class in Multimedia Learning
• Healthcare Education | Clinical Simulation
• Featured Fellow: Namra Aziz
• What Academics Are Reading?
• Upcoming Events

Healthcare Informatics November 2024, Aga Khan University

Department of Chief Medical Information Officer (CMIO) Archives

• Message from the Interim CMIO
• Message from the Physician Director
• AKUH-Karachi EHR Launch
• AKU OneHealth EHR Leadership Forum
• MEDITECH LIVE 2024 International Conference
• EHR Adoption in Low Middle-Income Countries by AKUH Campuses
• Meet Our Health Care Informaticists
• Nursing Demos
• Digital Transformation in the Paediatric space: Opportunities for Research
• Dr. Tarab Zehra, our Paediatric Workgroup Lead, Giving a Talk on EHR
• Digital Transformation in Medicine space: Opportunities for Research
• Academics - Research - Scholarship

Removing Lead From The Global Economy, Stephen P. Luby, Jenna E. Forsyth, Zafar Fatmi, Mahbubur Rahman, Jesmin Sultana, Erica L. Plambeck, N Grant Miller, Eran Bendavid, Peter J. Winch, Howard Hu

Community Health Sciences

No abstract provided.